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88-658: After supporting the Whig Party , the paper became aligned with the Democratic Party . In the late 19th century, the Republic had the second-largest circulation in St. Louis, surpassing papers that would survive it, such as the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and the St. Louis Star-Times . Its final owner was David R. Francis , a prominent political figure. In 1919, after years of losses, Francis sold

176-534: A brother, Horace L., also a journalist, who was found dead on a railroad track near Jefferson City, Missouri , on January 23, 1879. A coroner's jury ruled accidental death. William Hyde died in St. Louis on October 30, 1898, and was buried in Belleville, Illinois . Hyde began his newspaper career around the time of the adoption by Congress in 1854 of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which effectively repealed

264-474: A change in owners. Charless's prospectus for the weekly newspaper said, in part: . . . we conceive it unnecessary to offer anything like professions to the public, but rather let the columns of the GAZETTE speak for themselves, and the print live or die by the character it may acquire, but its intended Patrons have a right to be acquainted with the grounds upon which their approbation is solicited. Three columns of

352-590: A daily newspaper on September 20, 1836. In July 1837, Charless and Paschall sold the concern to A.B. Chambers, Oliver Harris, and George Knapp. Harris withdrew in August 1839, and the paper continued under Chambers and Knapp. In January 1840 Joseph W. Dougherty became a proprietor, but he left after a brief time. Chambers died on May 22, 1854, and George Knapp became sole owner a year later. In August 1854, Nathaniel Paschall and John Knapp were admitted as partners. Paschall died in 1866, and William Hyde , who had been hired as

440-522: A direct successor to that party, and many Whig leaders, including Henry Clay, had aligned with the rival Democratic-Republican Party . In the 1836 presidential election , four different Whig candidates received electoral votes , but the party failed to defeat Jackson's chosen successor, Martin Van Buren . Whig nominee William Henry Harrison unseated Van Buren in the 1840 presidential election but died one month into his term. Harrison's successor, John Tyler,

528-476: A distance flight that was not bested for half a century. The others were balloon builder John La Mountain , balloonist John Wise and Vermont businessman O.A. Gager . Under the editorship of Nathaniel Paschall , Hyde was promoted to city editor of the Republican in 1860. He became managing editor in 1866, upon Paschall's death. He directed the editorial policy in that position for nineteen years. Hyde

616-425: A dozen . . . before their retreat was wholly cut off. . . . Most of the books were destroyed, including several rare and valuable volumes. Crowds of spectators witnessed the debacle, emptying theaters to rush to see the intense flames engorge the building, which eventually collapsed. A four-cylinder Hoe press was saved, being protected in a fireproof vault. Only one day of publication was missed. A temporary building

704-582: A firm stance on slavery , but Northern Whigs tended to be less supportive than their Democratic counterparts. The Whigs emerged in the 1830s in opposition to President Andrew Jackson , pulling together former members of the National Republican Party , the Anti-Masonic Party , and disaffected Democrats. The Whigs had some weak links to the defunct Federalist Party , but the Whig Party was not

792-554: A former Democrat, broke with the Whigs in 1841 after clashing with Clay and other party leaders over economic policies such as the re-establishment of a national bank . Clay clinched his party's nomination in the 1844 presidential election but was defeated by Democrat James K. Polk , who subsequently presided over the Mexican–American War . Whig nominee Zachary Taylor won the 1848 presidential election , but Taylor died in 1850 and

880-403: A gutter "full of mud and slush." Bystanders stopped the combat, and Hyde walked away. Pulitzer was helped into a barber shop and rubbed down. Hyde narrowly escaped injury during a fire on May 24, 1870, which destroyed the Republican building on Chestnut Street . The St. Louis Globe-Democrat reported that Hyde "had a valuable private library in his room, [and] rushed up to save some of

968-578: A joint resolution providing for the annexation of Texas, and Texas subsequently became a state in 1845. Following the annexation of Texas, Polk began preparations for a potential war with Mexico , which still regarded Texas as a part of its republic and contended that Texas's true southern border was the Nueces River rather than the Rio Grande . After a skirmish known as the Thornton Affair broke out on

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1056-465: A reporter in 1857, was promoted to editor. It eventually becoming known as the St. Louis Republic in 1888. After supporting the Whig Party , the paper became aligned with the Democratic Party . In the late 19th century, the Republic had the second largest circulation in St. Louis, surpassing papers that would survive it, such as the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and the St. Louis Star-Times . Its final owner

1144-655: A separate proposal which included the admission of California as a free state, the cession by Texas of some of its northern and western territorial claims in return for debt relief, the establishment of New Mexico and Utah territories, a ban on the importation of slaves into the District of Columbia for sale, and a more stringent fugitive slave law. Taylor died in July 1850 and was succeeded by Vice President Fillmore. In contrast to John Tyler, Fillmore's legitimacy and authority as president were widely accepted by members of Congress and

1232-575: A sharp-tongued quarrel ensued. The discord was ended when bystanders led the two in opposite directions. On March 1, the Post-Dispatch printed a verse which, according to the Minneapolis Star-Tribune, gave the idea "that Mr. Hyde had been mistaken by Washington people for a walking whisky-still ." Hyde threatened to thrash the "gentleman from Austria" ( Joseph Pulitzer , publisher of the Post-Dispatch ) "within an inch of his life." In

1320-566: A strict constructionist view of the Constitution , while Clay and Adams favored high tariffs and the national bank; regionalism played a central role, with Jackson strongest in the West. Jackson won a plurality of the popular and electoral vote in the 1824 election, but not a majority. The House of Representatives had to decide. Speaker Clay supported Adams, who was elected as president by the House, and Clay

1408-545: A treaty with Mexico. Democratic Congressman David Wilmot of Pennsylvania offered an amendment known as the Wilmot Proviso , which would ban slavery in any newly acquired lands. The Wilmot Proviso passed the House with the support of both Northern Whigs and Northern Democrats, breaking the typical pattern of partisan division in congressional votes, but it was defeated in the Senate. Nonetheless, clear divisions remained between

1496-504: A victory for the people against an elitist institution. Jackson won another decisive victory in the 1832 presidential election , taking 55 percent of the national popular vote and 88 percent of the popular vote in the slavery states south of Kentucky and Maryland. Clay's defeat discredited the National Republican Party, encouraging those opposed to Jackson to seek to create a more effective opposition party. Jackson, by 1832,

1584-454: Is archived at the St. Louis Public Library and is part of the Library of Congress 's Chronicling America collection. Whig Party (United States) Defunct Newspapers Journals TV channels Websites Other Economics Gun rights Identity politics Nativist Religion Watchdog groups Youth/student groups Miscellaneous Other The Whig Party

1672-499: The 1876 Democratic National Convention to St. Louis. In 1873, it propounded its political stand as a fearless and independent advocate of Liberal Democratic principles. It is bound, however, by no ties to the support of unworthy men, nor by party discipline to any action it may deem unwise of impolitic. . . . It will studiously strive, as in the past, to avoid sensational and prurient journalism, and will without sacrificing spice and piquancy, aim to make itself worthy of admission into

1760-715: The Federalist Party , led by Alexander Hamilton , and the Democratic-Republican Party , led by Thomas Jefferson . After 1815, the Democratic-Republicans emerged as the sole major party at the national level but became increasingly polarized. A nationalist wing led by Henry Clay favored policies such as the Second Bank of the United States and the implementation of a protective tariff . A second group,

1848-508: The King of Great Britain at the time of the American Revolution . Jackson's decision to remove government deposits from the national bank ended any possibility of a Webster-Jackson alliance and helped to solidify partisan lines. The removal of the deposits drew opposition from both pro-bank National Republicans and states' rights Southerners like Willie Person Mangum of North Carolina,

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1936-618: The Missouri Compromise , stoking national tensions over the extension of slavery . He wrote editorials for the Belleville Tribune in defense of Stephen A. Douglas , the principal backer of the legislation, and then took a partnership in the newspaper. In 1856 he edited the Sterling (Illinois) Times and also worked actively for James Buchanan , the successful Democratic candidate for president. He next went to Springfield ,

2024-736: The Old Republicans , opposed these policies, favoring a strict interpretation of the Constitution and a weak federal government. In the 1824 presidential election , Speaker of the House Henry Clay , Secretary of the Treasury William H. Crawford , Secretary of State John Quincy Adams , and General Andrew Jackson all sought the presidency as members of the Democratic-Republican Party. Crawford favored state sovereignty and

2112-616: The Panic of 1837 struck the nation. Land prices plummeted, industries laid off employees, and banks failed. According to historian Daniel Walker Howe , the economic crisis of the late 1830s and early 1840s was the most severe recession in U.S. history until the Great Depression . Van Buren's economic response centered on establishing the Independent Treasury system, essentially a series of vaults that would hold government deposits. As

2200-510: The Post-Dispatch accused the committee members of losing the bid because they were drunk. It was said that when Hyde returned to St. Louis, "he found that the alleged disgrace attached to the asserted Washington spree had preceded him, and his blood began to boil." One of the articles was reprinted in the Globe-Democrat , whose managing editor was Joseph B. McCullagh , and when Hyde and McCullagh met by chance at Fourth Street and Olive,

2288-602: The Republic to the St. Louis Globe-Democrat , a longtime rival paper supportive of the Republican Party , which closed it. The Republican was founded by Joseph Charless in 1808 as the Missouri Gazette and Louisiana Advertiser, using the first printing press to be set up west of the Mississippi River . The name was changed to Louisiana Gazette in 1809. It was changed back to Missouri Gazette in 1818 after

2376-552: The West was a Mr. Hinkle, who set up the first form of the Gazette in a little one-story building on Main Street . . . . the inking of the forms, as well as operating the press, was a task to be performed by hand. The old Ramage press . . . served to supply the public with their newspaper until 1827. The Gazette hired Henry Marie Brackenridge , son of Hugh Henry Brackenridge and his wife, as

2464-546: The annexation of Texas his key priority. The annexation of Texas was widely viewed as a pro-slavery initiative as it would add another slave state to the union, and most leaders of both parties opposed opening the question of annexation in 1843 due to the fear of stoking the debate over slavery. Tyler was nonetheless determined to pursue annexation because he believed that the British conspired to abolish slavery in Texas and because he saw

2552-547: The "birth of the Whig Party" can be dated to Clay and his allies taking control of the Senate in December 1833. The National Republicans, including Clay and Webster, formed the core of the Whig Party, but many Anti-Masons like William H. Seward of New York and Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania also joined. Several prominent Democrats defected to the Whigs, including Mangum, former Attorney General John Berrien , and John Tyler of Virginia. The Whig Party's first significant action

2640-571: The Adams administration's nationalist agenda, becoming informally known as "Jacksonians". Due in part to the superior organization (by Martin Van Buren) of the Jacksonians, Jackson defeated Adams in the 1828 presidential election , taking 56 percent of the popular vote. Clay became the leader of the National Republican Party , which opposed President Jackson. By the early 1830s, the Jacksonians organized into

2728-634: The Democratic Party in Utah. He resigned, returned to St. Louis, and took a job in the post office. He began work on an encyclopedia of the history of St. Louis, which was completed after his death by Howard L. Conard . Hyde was reputed to be "a man of few words and of quick action". He was part of a delegation which went to Washington, D.C., to unsuccessfully lobby for the Democratic National Convention to be held in St. Louis. Articles in

Missouri Republican - Misplaced Pages Continue

2816-541: The North, Democrats benefited from the growing animosity towards the Whig Party among Catholic and foreign-born voters. Ultimately, Polk won the election, taking 49.5% of the popular vote and a majority of the electoral vote; the swing of just over one percent of the vote in New York would have given Clay the victory. In the final weeks of Tyler's presidency, a small group of Southern Whigs joined with congressional Democrats to pass

2904-516: The Republican Party and enacted much of their American System. Presidents Abraham Lincoln , Rutherford B. Hayes , Chester A. Arthur , and Benjamin Harrison were Whigs before switching to the Republican Party, from which they were elected to office. It is considered the primary predecessor party of the modern-day Republicans . During the 1790s, the first major U.S. parties arose in the form of

2992-498: The Treasury William M. Meredith issued a report calling for an increase in tariff rates, but not to the levels seen under the Tariff of 1842. Even Meredith's moderate policies were not adopted, and, partly due to the strong economic growth of the late 1840s and late 1850s, traditional Whig economic stances would increasingly lose their salience after 1848. When Taylor assumed office, the organization of state and territorial governments and

3080-624: The West in 1810, settling in St. Louis. In the winter of 1810–1811, he wrote a series of articles for the Gazette about the Louisiana Territory. In 1811 he traveled with Manuel Lisa to the upper Missouri for fur trading . Brackenridge wrote "descriptive letters" for the Gazette from locations along the Missouri River during these months. In 1820, Charless sold the Gazette, with its one thousand subscribers, to James C. Cummins, who had recently arrived from Pittsburgh. The latter held

3168-511: The Whig Party due to his lack of public commitment to Whig policies and his association with the Mexican–American War. In late 1847, Clay emerged as Taylor's main opponent for the Whig nomination, appealing especially to Northern Whigs with his opposition to the war and the acquisition of new territory. With strong backing from slavery-state delegates, Taylor won the presidential nomination on

3256-519: The Whigs included a distrust of behind-the-scenes political maneuvering by party bosses instead of encouraging direct appeals to the people through gigantic rallies, parades, and rhetorical rabble-rousing. Early successes in various states made many Whigs optimistic about victory in 1836, but an improving economy bolstered Van Buren's standing ahead of the election. The Whigs also faced the difficulty of uniting former National Republicans, Anti-Masons, and states' rights Southerners around one candidate, and

3344-462: The debate over the Independent Treasury continued, William Cabell Rives and some other Democrats who favored a more activist government defected to the Whig Party, while Calhoun and his followers joined the Democratic Party. Whig leaders agreed to hold the party's first national convention in December 1839 in order to select the Whig presidential nominee. By early 1838, Clay had emerged as

3432-497: The declaration of war against Mexico and also pushed through the restoration of the Independent Treasury System and a bill that reduced tariffs; opposition to the passage of these Democratic policies helped to reunify and reinvigorate the Whigs. In August 1846, Polk asked Congress to appropriate $ 2 million (~$ 60.7 million in 2023) in hopes of using that money as a down payment for the purchase of California in

3520-533: The disappearance and possible murder of William Morgan in 1826. The Anti-Masonic movement, strongest in the Northeast, gave rise to or expanded the use of many innovations which became an accepted practice among other parties, including nominating conventions and party newspapers. Clay rejected overtures from the Anti-Masonic Party, and his attempt to convince Calhoun to serve as his running mate failed, leaving

3608-665: The drug business, then became a teacher in a country district school. He attended McKendree College and then taught school. He received a legal education from Transylvania University in Lexington, Kentucky . Hyde registered for the draft in June 1865. He was married in June 1867 to Hallie Benson of Missouri, whom one newspaper described as a "southern lady," in St. James Cathedral, Toronto, Illinois . Among those present were Jefferson Davis and Confederate General Jubal Early . The couple had two daughters, Chaille F. and Amy. Hyde had

Missouri Republican - Misplaced Pages Continue

3696-426: The economy. They argued that traditional Whig policies, such as the restoration of a national bank and the implementation of protective tariff rates, would help to restore the economy. With the economy still in a downturn, Harrison decisively defeated Van Buren, taking a wide majority of the electoral vote and just under 53 percent of the popular vote. With the election of the first Whig presidential administration in

3784-427: The evening, Hyde encountered Pulitzer on Olive Street near Fourth; Hyde called him "a damned Austrian Jew" and struck him full in the face. The "stunning blow" knocked off Pulitzer's eyeglasses and scattered his papers. One witness said that Pulitzer drew a revolver, but it fell to the ground. The two grappled, and Pulitzer was struck again in the face; he fell to the sidewalk with Hyde on top of him, then they grappled in

3872-459: The fifth ballot of the 1839 Whig National Convention . For vice president, the Whigs nominated John Tyler, a former states' rights Democrat selected for the Whig ticket primarily because other Southern supporters of Clay refused to serve as Harrison's running mate. Log cabins and hard cider became the dominant symbols of the Whig campaign as the party sought to portray Harrison as a man of the people. The Whigs also assailed Van Buren's handling of

3960-685: The first staff correspondent for a St. Louis newspaper. His father was an attorney, chaplain, editor and more, based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . The younger Brackenridge was educated in part by living for several years with a French-speaking family in Ste. Genevieve, Missouri when young, and then on another occasion. After reading the law and passing the bar in Baltimore, Maryland , Brackenridge had practiced there and in Pennsylvania, but grew restless and returned to

4048-490: The fourth ballot of the 1848 Whig National Convention . The Whigs nominated Millard Fillmore of New York, a pro-Clay Northerner, for vice president. Anti-slavery Northern Whigs disaffected with Taylor joined with Democratic supporters of Martin Van Buren and some members of the Liberty Party to found the new Free Soil Party ; the party nominated a ticket of Van Buren and Whig Charles Francis Adams Sr. and campaigned against

4136-401: The front-runner due to his southern support and spirited opposition to Van Buren's Independent Treasury. A recovering economy convinced other Whigs to support Harrison, who was generally seen as the Whig candidate best able to win over Democrats and new voters. With the crucial support of Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania and Thurlow Weed of New York, Harrison won the presidential nomination on

4224-425: The issue as a means to reelection, either through the Democratic Party or through a new party. In April 1844, Secretary of State John C. Calhoun reached a treaty with Texas providing for the annexation of that country. Clay and Van Buren, the two front-runners for major-party presidential nominations in the 1844 election, both announced their opposition to annexation, and the Senate blocked the annexation treaty. To

4312-559: The issue of slavery more so than Democratic candidate Lewis Cass of Michigan. Ultimately, Taylor won the election with a majority of the electoral vote and a plurality of the popular vote. Taylor improved on Clay's 1844 performance in the South and benefited from the defection of many Democrats to Van Buren in the North. Reflecting the Taylor administration's desire to find a middle ground between traditional Whig and Democratic policies, Secretary of

4400-468: The job office, material and machinery; and top floor, the news department, typesetting and makeup quarters, where some thirty-five printers, or "typos," could work. The job department included the office and back shop of the Irish News, which appealed to the many ethnic Irish in the city. On the evening of May 24, 1870, the five-story Republican building, on Chestnut Street between Second and Main streets,

4488-442: The latter of whom accused Jackson of flouting the Constitution. In late 1833, Clay began to hold a series of dinners with opposition leaders to settle on a candidate to oppose Martin Van Buren , the likely Democratic nominee in the 1836 presidential election . While Jackson's opponents could not agree on a single presidential candidate, they coordinated in the Senate to oppose Jackson's initiatives. Historian Michael Holt writes that

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4576-537: The legislation was unconstitutional. Congress passed a second bill based on an earlier proposal made by Treasury Secretary Ewing that was tailored to address Tyler's constitutional concerns, but Tyler vetoed that bill as well. In response, every Cabinet member but Webster resigned, and the Whig congressional caucus expelled Tyler from the party on September 13, 1841. The Whigs later began impeachment proceedings against Tyler, but they ultimately failed to impeach him because they believed his likely acquittal would devastate

4664-472: The new Democratic Party . Despite Jackson's decisive victory in the 1828 election, National Republicans initially believed that Jackson's party would collapse once Jackson took office. Vice President Calhoun split from the administration in 1831. Still, differences over the tariff prevented Calhoun's followers from joining the National Republicans. Meanwhile, the Anti-Masonic Party formed following

4752-503: The northern side of the Rio Grande, Polk called on Congress to declare war against Mexico, arguing that Mexico had invaded American territory by crossing the Rio Grande. Many Whigs argued that Polk had provoked war with Mexico by sending a force under General Zachary Taylor to the Rio Grande, but only a minority of Whigs voted against the declaration of war as they feared that opposing the war would be politically unpopular. Polk received

4840-412: The opposition to Jackson split among different leaders when the National Republicans nominated Clay for president. Hoping to make the national bank a key issue of the 1832 election, the National Republicans convinced national bank president Nicholas Biddle to request an extension of the national bank's charter, but their strategy backfired when Jackson successfully portrayed his veto of the recharter as

4928-550: The paper for 18 months; in 1822 he sold it to Edward Charless, the oldest son of the founder. Edward Charless changed its name to Missouri Republican. Joseph (or Josiah) Spalding of Connecticut was made editor and partner. Nathaniel Paschall became an apprentice printer in 1813 and became associated with Charless in March 1818. He eventually became the editor. George Knapp was another important figure in Republican history who began as an apprentice, in 1827. The Republican became

5016-450: The paper were to be reserved for news in French, as many of the residents of the city were ethnic French who spoke that language. The printing press came from Philadelphia, and the type from Louisville, Kentucky . The only paper available in St. Louis measured 8x12 inches, so that was the size used for the first issue, on July 12, 1808. There were 170 subscribers. The first printer to work in

5104-641: The partisan divisions that had emerged after 1824, as many within the Jacksonian coalition opposed President Jackson's threats of force against South Carolina, while some opposition leaders like Daniel Webster supported them. The name "Whig" was first suggested for Jackson's opponents by James Watson Webb , editor of the Courier and Enquirer of New York City. In South Carolina and other states, those opposed to Jackson began to form small "Whig" parties. The Whig label implicitly compared "King Andrew" to King George III ,

5192-428: The party suffered an early blow when Calhoun announced that he would refuse to support any candidate opposed to the doctrine of nullification. Northern Whigs cast aside both Clay and Webster in favor of General William Henry Harrison , a former senator who had led U.S. forces in the 1811 Battle of Tippecanoe . Though he had not previously been affiliated with the National Republicans, Harrison indicated that he shared

5280-462: The party's concerns over Jackson's executive power and favored federal investments in infrastructure. Southern Whigs coalesced around Senator Hugh Lawson White , a long-time Jackson ally who opposed Van Buren's candidacy. Ultimately, Van Buren won a majority of the electoral and popular vote in the 1836 election, though the Whigs improved on Clay's 1832 performance in the South and West. Shortly after Van Buren took office, an economic crisis known as

5368-542: The party's history, Clay and his allies prepared to pass ambitious domestic policies such as the restoration of the national bank, the distribution of federal land sales revenue to the states, a national bankruptcy law, and increased tariff rates. Harrison died just one month into his term, thereby elevating Vice President Tyler to the presidency. Tyler had never accepted much of the Whig economic program and he soon clashed with Clay and other congressional Whigs. In August 1841, Tyler vetoed Clay's national bank bill, holding that

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5456-632: The party. Beginning in mid-1842, Tyler increasingly began to court Democrats, appointing them to his Cabinet and other positions. At the same time, many Whig state organizations repudiated the Tyler administration and endorsed Clay as the party's candidate in the 1844 presidential election . After Webster resigned from the Cabinet in May 1843 following the conclusion of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty , Tyler made

5544-687: The passage of the Kansas–Nebraska Act in 1854, with most Northern Whigs eventually joining the anti-slavery Republican Party and most Southern Whigs joining the nativist American Party and later the Constitutional Union Party . The last vestiges of the Whig Party faded away after the start of the American Civil War , but Whig ideas remained influential for decades. During the Lincoln Administration , ex-Whigs dominated

5632-399: The presidential candidate. with such effectiveness and zeal that in the midst of that . . . campaign[,] an emblem, a symbol as it were, was bestowed upon the paper by the admiring Whigs . The Republican was called "the Old Coon." The name was accepted promptly. The emblem, a metallic figure of a coon couchant, was hoisted high over the building . . . Perched over the smoke stack[,] the coon

5720-426: The printing paper, and two news presses, one an eight-cylinder and the other a four-cylinder. There were two engines and two boilers as well. The first floor held the counting room, two large fireproof vaults, file and paper cases, and back copies of the Republican and Democrat; second floor, a job bindery and the office of the job department; third floor, editorial rooms and the job printing office; fourth, more of

5808-510: The public. Fillmore accepted the resignation of Taylor's entire Cabinet and appointed Whig leaders like Crittenden, Thomas Corwin of Ohio, and Webster, whose support for the Compromise had outraged his Massachusetts constituents. With the support of Fillmore and an impressive bipartisan and bi-sectional coalition, a Senate bill providing for a final settlement of Texas's borders won passage shortly after Fillmore took office. William Hyde (journalist) William Elisha Hyde (1836-1898)

5896-451: The purest circles. . . . It will also be enlivened with a variety of miscellaneous matter, and by features of interest to be found only in this paper. In January 1876, the newspaper had a circulation of more than 240,000. The first Republican building, including all the books and files, was destroyed by fire on May 17, 1849. The firm moved into a new, five-story building, plus basement, which had just been completed. The basement held all

5984-400: The rule of law, protections against majority rule, and vigilance against executive tyranny. They favored an economic program known as the American System , which called for a protective tariff , federal subsidies for the construction of infrastructure, and support for a national bank . The party was active in both the Northern United States and the Southern United States and did not take

6072-561: The spread of slavery into the territories. The Whig campaign in the North received a boost when Taylor released a public letter in which he stated that he favored Whig principles and would defer to Congress after taking office, thereby reassuring some wavering Whigs. During the campaign, Northern Whig leaders touted traditional Whig policies like support for infrastructure spending and increased tariff rates, but Southern Whigs largely eschewed economic policy, instead emphasizing that Taylor's status as an enslaver meant that he could be trusted on

6160-503: The state capital, in the hope of being elected clerk of the Illinois House of Representatives . Instead, on January 8, 1856, he became the correspondent there for the Missouri Republican while also being a committee clerk. He was said to have been the first reporter west of the Mississippi River to receive and send a news message on the wires . In 1859, he made a trip in a balloon with three other men, from St. Louis to Jefferson County, New York , an estimated eight hundred miles,

6248-436: The status of slavery in the Mexican Cession remained the major issue facing Congress. To sidestep the issue of the Wilmot Proviso, the Taylor administration proposed that the lands of the Mexican Cession be admitted as states without first organizing territorial governments; thus, slavery in the area would be left to the discretion of state governments rather than the federal government. In January 1850, Senator Clay introduced

6336-518: The support of Carl Schurz and his Westliche Post among the many German immigrants and their descendants. In practice, the publishers of the two newspapers conducted a national convention of Liberal Republicans which met in Cincinnati, Ohio , and nominated Horace Greeley and Benjamin Gratz Brown . The Republican was instrumental in establishing a state lottery in 1871. It succeeded in bringing

6424-517: The surprise of Clay and other Whigs, the 1844 Democratic National Convention rejected Van Buren in favor of James K. Polk and established a platform calling for the acquisition of both Texas and Oregon Country . Having won the presidential nomination at the 1844 Whig National Convention unopposed, Clay and other Whigs were initially confident that they would defeat the divided Democrats and their relatively obscure candidate. However, Southern voters responded to Polk's calls for annexation, while in

6512-454: The two parties on territorial acquisitions, as most Democrats joined Polk in seeking to acquire vast tracts of land from Mexico, but most Whigs opposed territorial growth. In February 1848, Mexican and U.S. negotiators reached the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo , which provided for the cession of Alta California and New Mexico. Despite Whig objections to the acquisition of Mexican territory, the treaty

6600-441: Was David R. Francis , a prominent political figure. In 1919, after years of losses, Francis sold the Republic to the St. Louis Globe-Democrat , a longtime rival paper supportive of the Republican Party , which closed it. The symbol of the newspaper was a figure of a "coon couchant," always mentioned in heraldic terms, or a raccoon that was posed lying down. In 1840, the newspaper had supported William Henry Harrison as

6688-480: Was a loyal supporter of Samuel J. Tilden and played an important part in bringing the 1876 Democratic National Convention to St. Louis. He retired from the Republican in 1886 and, after a trip abroad, he was appointed by President Grover Cleveland as postmaster in St. Louis. Later, he published an unsuccessful newspaper called The Ballot in St. Joseph, Missouri . Hyde then went to Salt Lake City , where he became an editor on The Herald and helped organize

6776-561: Was a mid-19th century political party in the United States. Alongside the Democratic Party , it was one of two major parties between the late 1830s and the early 1850s and part of the Second Party System . As well as four Whig presidents ( William Henry Harrison , John Tyler , Zachary Taylor and Millard Fillmore ), other prominent members included Henry Clay , Daniel Webster , Rufus Choate , William Seward , John J. Crittenden , and John Quincy Adams . The Whig base of support

6864-558: Was amongst entrepreneurs, professionals, Protestants (particularly evangelicals ), and the urban middle class . It had much less backing from poor farmers and unskilled workers. The party was hostile toward manifest destiny , territorial expansion into Texas and the Southwest , and the Mexican–American War . It disliked presidential power, as exhibited by Andrew Jackson and James K. Polk , and preferred congressional dominance in lawmaking. Members advocated modernization, meritocracy ,

6952-520: Was an American journalist, the managing editor of the Missouri Republican newspaper of St. Louis, Missouri , for nineteen years. Hyde was born on August 27, 1836, in Lima, New York , the son of Elisha Hyde of Connecticut, a teacher at Genesee College , and Amanda N. Gregory, also an educator, of Ithaca, New York. He had a brother, Horace L. Hyde, a journalist. William Hyde as a young man worked in

7040-452: Was appointed Secretary of State. Jackson called it a "corrupt bargain". In the years following the 1824 election, former members of the Democratic-Republican Party split into hostile factions. Supporters of President Adams and Clay joined with many former Federalists such as Daniel Webster to form a group informally known as the "Adams party". Meanwhile, supporters of Jackson, Crawford, and Vice President John C. Calhoun joined in opposing

7128-520: Was constructed on the same site. A five-story Renaissance style replacement building was opened on Wednesday, January 8, 1873, on Third Street at Chestnut. In its later days, the Republican had the largest page size of any newspaper west of the Mississippi . The years and page sizes were: 1822, 20x22 inches; 1828, 22x32 inches; 1835, 24x34 inches; 1843, 27x46 inches; 1844, 28x48 inches; 1851, 31.5x52 inches; 1853, 33x56 inches. The St. Louis Republic

7216-426: Was destroyed by fire. The supply of water was insufficient to throw water any higher than the second story of the four-floor building until mud was forced out of the pipes. Managing Editor William Hyde rushed to his room to save the valuable books in his library. He was accompanied by a self-possessed compositor named Fisk, who began to assist him in throwing books out at the windows. They had not thrown out more than

7304-657: Was determined to destroy the bank (the Second Bank of the United States), which Whigs supported. Shortly after Jackson's re-election, South Carolina passed a measure to " nullify " the Tariff of 1832 , beginning the Nullification Crisis . Jackson strongly denied the right of South Carolina to nullify federal law, but the crisis was resolved after Congress passed the Tariff of 1833 . The Nullification Crisis briefly scrambled

7392-456: Was presented to the St. Louis Globe-Democrat , the successor to the Republican. In 1856, the Republican supported James Buchanan for President of the United States . It was Democratic in politics, but vigorously opposed to secession . After the election of Abraham Lincoln , it did not support his administration in many measures. Under Andrew Johnson , the Republican advocated a "passive policy" or "possum policy" for Democrats, with

7480-497: Was ratified with the support of a majority of the Democratic and Whig senators; Whigs voted for the treaty largely because ratification brought the war to an immediate end. During the war, Whig leaders like John J. Crittenden of Kentucky began to look to General Taylor as a presidential candidate, hoping the party could run on Taylor's personal popularity rather than economic issues. Taylor's candidacy faced significant resistance in

7568-464: Was succeeded by Millard Fillmore. Fillmore, Clay, Daniel Webster, and Democrat Stephen A. Douglas led the passage of the Compromise of 1850 , which helped to defuse sectional tensions in the aftermath of the Mexican–American War for a time. Nonetheless, the Whigs suffered a decisive defeat in the 1852 presidential election partly due to sectional divisions within the party. The Whigs collapsed following

7656-602: Was to censure Jackson for the removal of the national bank deposits, thereby establishing opposition to Jackson's executive power as the organizing principle of the new party. In doing so, the Whigs were able to shed the elitist image that had persistently hindered the National Republicans. Throughout 1834 and 1835, the Whigs successfully incorporated National Republican and Anti-Masonic state-level organizations and established new state party organizations in Southern states like North Carolina and Georgia. The Anti-Masonic heritage of

7744-407: Was visible from all parts of the city. . . . The emblem survived two disastrous fires. When the paper was moved to Third and Chestnut streets, occupying a new building which ranked with the imposing architecture of the city in its day, the coon found a place in the iron arch of the main entrance. The figure was also carried above the building. When the building was torn down in 1932, the doorway symbol

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