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49-476: Jasper Park may refer to: Jasper National Park , the largest national park in the Canadian Rockies Jasper Park, Edmonton , a neighborhood in west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada SS  Jasper Park a World War 2 cargo ship, sank in the war by U-boat See also [ edit ] Jasper (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by

98-523: A wildfire destroyed a significant part of the town of Jasper and its surrounding area. Many of North America's most iconic animals can be found at Jasper. There are at least 50 mammalian species in and around the park, including: Jasper, with its varied habitats and remote environments, is home to at least 160 known avian species, mostly belonging to the Accipitriformes , Anseriformes , Galliformes , Passeriformes and Strigiformes . The park

147-654: A book titled Among the sources of the Saskatchewan and Athabasca rivers . In 1909, a mountain in Yoho National Park was named Mount Schaffer in her honor. In 2003, the University of Alberta named their newest student residence Schäffer Hall as a tribute to Schäffer Warren. Janice Sanford Beck is the author of “No Ordinary Woman: The Story of Mary Schäffer Warren” (Rocky Mountain Books, 2001). Her latest works, “Life of

196-443: A folding camera and glass plate negatives for her work to using celluloid film. Upon completion of her botanical work, Schäffer and Adams decided that they wanted to explore further into the mountains. They convinced, a mountain guide named William "Billy" Warren and fellow guide Sidney Unwin to provide the outfit and knowledge necessary to try finding "Chaba Imne," a lake in an unexplored mountain valley that they had heard of from

245-560: A road between Jasper and Banff, which ultimately formed the basis for the Icefields Parkway . Internment camps were established again during World War II , when three hundred Japanese Canadians were forcibly sent to three road camps in Jasper. Additionally, 160 conscientious objectors , many of them Mennonites from the Prairie provinces , were interned at Jasper and put to work upgrading

294-467: A tourist route allowing visitors to access and view many of the park's attractions. The Icefields Parkway (also known as Highway 93) is a highway 230 km (140 mi) in length running from Lake Louise, Alberta , in Banff National Park , to Jasper, Alberta , where it meets Highway 16. The scenic highway runs parallel to the continental divide, providing motor and cycle access to the heart of

343-737: Is a 16 km (9.9 mi) scenic park road that runs from Highway 16 to the Miette Hot Springs , one of the parks core attractions. Alberta Highway 93A is a 24 km (15 mi) parallel road to the Icefields Parkway that provides access to several hikes, campgrounds and the Marmot Basin Ski Resort. Marmot Basin Road provides access to the Marmot Basin Ski Area and several trailheads from Highway 93A. Celestine Lake Road

392-519: Is a long gravel road that runs along the north bank of the Athabasca River providing access to several remote trailheads. Pyramid Lake Road is a short road that provides tourists access to the several lakes and resorts just north of Jasper. Jasper National Park is managed by Parks Canada under the National Parks Act . On a provincial level , the park area outside of Municipality of Jasper

441-482: Is administered by Alberta Municipal Affairs as Improvement District No. 12 (Jasper National Park) . The Municipality of Jasper was formed by the Government of Alberta in 2001 and has its own local government. Jasper National Park is featured in the 2010 3D animated comedy-drama film Alpha and Omega as the location the two wolf protagonists are taken from and struggle to return to. A KLM Boeing 777-300

490-497: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Jasper National Park Jasper National Park , in Alberta , Canada, is the largest national park within Alberta's Rocky Mountains , spanning 11,000 km (4,200 sq mi). It was established as Jasper Forest Park in 1907, renamed as a national park in 1930, and declared a UNESCO world heritage site in 1984. Its location

539-537: Is named after Jasper National Park. Mary Sch%C3%A4ffer Warren Warren was born Mary Townsend Sharples in 1861 in West Chester, Pennsylvania . She studied flower painting with George Cochran Lambdin . In 1889 Sharples embarked on her first visit to the Canadian Rockies , accompanied by her fellow art student, Mary Vaux . In 1890 she married Dr. Charles Schäffer , an amateur botanist, whom she had met

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588-513: Is north of Banff National Park and west of Edmonton . The park contains the glaciers of the Columbia Icefield , springs , lakes , waterfalls and mountains . The territory encompassed by what is now Jasper National Park has been inhabited since time immemorial by Nakoda , Cree , Secwépemc , and Dane-zaa peoples. Plainview projectile points have been found at the head of Jasper Lake , dating back to between 8000 and 7000 BCE. In

637-621: Is not as well known as the Icefields Parkway, but provides several viewpoints and access to hiking routes such as the Maligne Canyon trails. The road has a speed limit of 60 km/h (37 mph) due to frequent wildlife. Edith Cavell Road is a 14 km (8.7 mi) scenic park road that provides access to the Edith Cavell meadow area from the Icefields Parkway. This road is open only between May and October, and RVs are prohibited due to its tight switchback corners. Miette Hot Springs Road

686-593: Is part of the Saskatchewan / Nelson River system which ultimately flows into Hudson Bay . The park is coextensive with the province of Alberta's Improvement District No. 12 . Attractions that can easily be reached by road include the Mount Edith Cavell hiking area, Maligne Lake (which features hiking and boating opportunities), Maligne Canyon , Miette Hot Springs , Pyramid Lake , the Jasper Skytram and

735-486: The Unemployment and Farm Relief Act , which allocated funds for public works projects in the national parks. Labourers, many of them laid-off Canadian National Railway workers, were employed on road and bridge projects within the park, for which they were paid 25 to 30 cents per hour, working eight hours a day up to six days per week. In October, 1931, under the auspices of the relief project , construction started on

784-542: The Athabasca Glacier , (an outlet glacier of the Columbia Icefield which features snow coach tours). The Marmot Basin ski area is the most popular winter attraction in the park. Common summer recreational activities in the park include hiking , fishing , mountain biking (in select areas), wildlife viewing, rafting , kayaking and camping. Winter activities include Alpine skiing , cross-country skiing and snowshoeing . Some companies offer dog sled tours in

833-648: The Austro-Hungarian Empire , including Ukrainians , who made up the largest affected population, and the Ottoman Empire . The interned men were primarily employed in the construction of a road from the town of Jasper, along the Maligne River first to Medicine Lake , and later on to Maligne Lake . In 1931, in response to the Great Depression , the government of Prime Minister R. B. Bennett enacted

882-693: The Canadian National Railway (CNR) by an Order in Council. The railway was later followed by a road built between Edmonton and Jasper. The section between the town of Jasper and the eastern gate of the park was completed in 1928; however, it took another three years for the province of Alberta to complete the remaining stretch of the road into Edmonton. By the time the GTP's railway track cleared Yellowhead Pass in 1911, there were already eight hotels established in Jasper, but they were rudimentary, and did not meet

931-653: The Rocky Mountains , around the headwaters of the Athabasca and Smoky Rivers in particular, most of them employed by the North West Company. By the time David Thompson crossed the Athabasca Pass in 1810, led by a Haudenosaunee guide named Thomas, there were hundreds of Haudenosaunee and Anishinaabe people living in the region. When Mary Schäffer Warren became the first settler to visit Maligne Lake —known by

980-574: The Stoney First Nations people. As recorded in Mary's book, Old Indian Trails of the Canadian Rockies , a map drawn by Samson Beaver led to the first recorded visit to Jasper's Maligne Lake in 1908, which Mary describes as “an entire string of pearls.” Throughout her travels she continued to take photographs that she would hand-colour upon her return home and use to encourage others to travel in

1029-570: The Tonquin Valley , the Skyline Trail, Jones Pass, Jacques Lake and the Fryatt Valley. The remote North Boundary Trail which provided access to the north half of the park is a multiweek backpacking trip. Canoe and kayaking access to the backcountry can be achieved on Maligne Lake. The park contains several major roads, most of which are intended to be scenic routes that provide access to all of

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1078-462: The Canadian Rockies and is considered to one of the park's main attractions. Along its length the parkway has many viewpoints, tourist attractions, hikes and campgrounds. The Athabasca and Sunwapta Falls are both accessible by the road. In May 2014, Glacier Sky Walk opened to the public. It is glass-floored observation platform 280 metres (920 ft) over the Sunwapta Valley. Unlike Highway 16,

1127-553: The Canadian Rockies with her friend Mary "Mollie" Adams determined to complete a botanical guide that her husband had started. To complete this project Schäffer collected botanical specimens and learned photography. That year, she collected specimens for the University of Pennsylvania . In 1907 Alpine Flora of the Canadian Rocky Mountains was published, with text by Stewardson Brown and drawings and photographs by Schäffer. 1907 also saw Schäffer transition from using

1176-442: The Canadian Rockies. Schäffer's inexperience at surveying took its toll. Knowing full well that media attention awaited her return to Edmonton, she struggled through an initial false start followed by a loss of the surveying spool overboard. After nearly a month's wait for a new spool to be sent from Toronto, she was finally able to complete an accurate survey. Dr. Dowling encouraged her to send her measurements and map, complete with

1225-529: The Icefields Parkway is strictly a tourist route, and all freight traffic is prohibited from using the road. All users must have a parks pass. Maligne Lake Road is a scenic park road that is 44 km (27 mi) in length and runs from Highway 16 near Jasper to Maligne Lake roughly following the course of the Maligne River. It is the park's other major tourist road (besides the Icefields Parkway). It

1274-574: The Maligne Lake and Medicine Lake roads, as well as building a road from Geikie to the British Columbia border. In 1984, Jasper, Banff, Kootenay, Yoho, as well as the Hamber, Mount Robson, Mount Assiniboine provincial parks, were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Since 1999, the arrival of the mountain pine beetle has impacted the park with 93,000 hectares of the park's forest infested with

1323-524: The Nakoda as Chaba Imne —in 1908, she did so by following a map given to her by Samson Beaver , a Nakoda guide and hunter. Jasper National Park's name originates from Jasper Haws, a Maryland -born fur trader who worked for the North West Company . In 1815, Haws took command of a North West Company trading post, built on Brûlé Lake in 1813, which subsequently became known as Jasper's House. In 1830,

1372-461: The Parks Branch expressly forbade hunting in Jasper and the other mountain parks, deprecating First Nations' centuries-long history of subsistence hunting in the region as indiscriminate slaughter of the local game wildlife. Despite the prohibition on hunting, the park and its tourist facilities became a base of operations for wealthy Canadian and American sport hunters for hunting trips further into

1421-610: The Rockies, beyond the prohibitions in place in the mountain parks and the Rocky Mountains Forest Reserve . In 1930, Jasper Forest Park officially became Jasper National Park with the passing of the National Parks Act . Section 4 of the act further underlined the park's wilderness preservation function, with Canada's National Parks "dedicated to the people of Canada for their benefit, education and enjoyment" and "maintained and made use of so as to leave them unimpaired for

1470-661: The Rockies. Many have been collected in This Wild Spirit: Women in the Rocky Mountains of Canada . She died in 1939 in Banff. Mary Schäffer Warren published many articles and books describing her time exploring the Rockies: In 1907 Schäffer published a book titled Old Indian Trails of the Canadian Rockies which she wrote throughout her expedition through, what is now, Banff and Jasper National Park. In 1908 she wrote

1519-592: The beetle by 2017. In 2016, Parks Canada released the Mountain Pine Beetle Management Plan which includes prescribed burns and removal of infected trees to reduce the fire risk and to prevent the beetles from spreading into provincial land. In 2011, the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada designated Jasper National Park as a dark-sky preserve due to its minimal light pollution and ideal conditions for dark sky viewing. In 2024,

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1568-416: The centuries between then and the establishment of the park, First Nations land use has fluctuated according to climatic variations over the long term, and according to cyclical patterns of ungulate population numbers, particularly elk , moose , mule deer , and occasionally caribou . Starting in the 1790s, Haudenosaunee and Nipissing hunters and trappers moved in large numbers to the eastern side of

1617-464: The enjoyment of future generations." Ironically, given the mandate its mandate to preserve natural spaces, the act also redefined Jasper Park's boundaries, removing 518 square kilometres (200 sq mi) of land from the park—including Brûlé Lake and Rock Lake —opening the excised area to coal mining and hydroelectric development. In 1911, the Grand Trunk Pacific (GTP) laid track through

1666-446: The expectations of the well-heeled clientele to which the GTP advertised. Jasper Park Lodge , the focal point of the GTP's Jasper advertising campaign, did not open until 1922, three years after the company's bankruptcy and only a year before the railway was merged into the nationally owned CNR. Like the GTP before it, Canadian National featured both Jasper park and the lodge prominently in its advertising literature. From its founding,

1715-608: The land, including buildings, ditches, and fences, and ordered to leave the park. In 1911, Jasper Forest Park came under the administration of the newly established Dominion Parks Branch of the Department of the Interior , under the purview of James Bernard Harkin , at which time the name was changed to simply Jasper Park. Under Harkin, Canada's national parks were to fulfill a dual mandate of wilderness protection and economic development—primarily as tourist destinations. In particular,

1764-526: The malaise of modern life. However, the vision of wilderness on which the development plan depended was at odds with the presence of long-established Métis homesteaders within the boundaries of the park, many of whom were descended from the white and Haudenosaunee fur traders and trappers employed by the North West Company and the Hudson's Bay Company in the 19th century. In 1909, six Métis families were declared squatters , paid compensation for improvements made to

1813-751: The names she had given various features around the lake, to the Geographical Board in Ottawa. Despite some opposition, Mary’s names were retained. Schäffer's work was in part responsible for the incorporation of Maligne Lake in Jasper National Park. Had it not been for her, Maligne Lake may not have been preserved for the benefit of future generations. In 1912 Schäffer moved permanently to Banff, Alberta . In 1915 she married her longtime friend and mountain guide William "Billy" Warren. Mary Schäffer Warren published articles and books about her explorations of

1862-510: The park and over Yellowhead Pass. That same year, the GTP founded the town of Fitzhugh around the company's railway station; the town was renamed Jasper in 1913. The GTP's route across the pass was followed in 1913 by the Canadian Northern (CNoR). Both having both fallen into financial difficulty, the two railways were nationalized —the GTP in 1919 and the CNoR in 1923—and eventually merged into

1911-852: The park include the Maligne River , the Snake Indian River , Rocky River and the Miette River . The northernmost area of the park is drained separately by the Smoky River . Both the Smoky and Athabasca Rivers form part of the Mackenzie River drainage, the largest river system in Canada, which itself is part of the Arctic Ocean basin. The southeast section of the park is drained by the Brazeau River which

1960-532: The park's front-country attractions. Since a good sample of parks scenery and wildlife can be viewed from the roads themselves, driving them is considered a core part of the park experience. Highway 16 (part of the Trans-Canada Highway and Yellowhead Highway systems) is the main route through the park and is the only major east–west corridor crossing the mountains in that area. It serves as both an important trade and travel corridor for through traffic and

2009-416: The park. Only a small fraction of the parks area is road accessible. The rest forms a large backcountry area which is largely only accessible by trail. Large areas of the backcountry are rarely visited as many areas' trails are poorly maintained or non existent. Access into the backcountry is most often accomplished by backpacking or horseback and in rare cases kayak or raft. Popular backcountry trips include

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2058-519: The parks extreme southernmost point at an unnamed lake unofficially known as Columbia Lake due to it being fed by one of the Columbia Icefield 's many outlet glaciers. Despite its misleading name, the well-known Athabasca Glacier is actually the source of the Sunwapta River , a tributary of the Athabasca, not the main river itself. Other major tributaries of the Athabasca River that drain large areas of

2107-582: The previous year at Glacier House , the Canadian Pacific Railway's hotel in the Selkirk Mountains . The couple would spend summers and autumns traveling in the Canadian Rockies. Their winters were spent in Philadelphia. Charles Schäffer died in 1903, as did Mary's father and mother. Schäffer exhibited her photographs independently at the 1900 Paris Exposition. In 1904, Schäffer returned to

2156-428: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jasper_Park&oldid=908578794 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

2205-592: The town of Jasper, and later the Jasper Park Lodge, served as a hub for a variety of outdoor sporting activities. Even as Mary Schäffer Warren was becoming the first settler to visit Maligne Lake, outfitters were springing up in the park to rent out equipment and guide hikers and alpinists . The Alpine Club of Canada , formed in 1906 and sponsored through the 1920s in part by the CNR, held seven of its annual alpine camps in Jasper between 1926 and 1950. And while hunting

2254-531: The trading post was relocated further up the Athabasca River , just north of Jasper Lake . The site of Jasper House itself was designated a national historic site in 1924. Jasper House was destroyed in 1910, but it gave its name to both the national park, and the town of Jasper within the Park. Jasper Forest Park was established by a federal order in council on September 14, 1907. The park's establishment

2303-474: Was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984, together with the other national and provincial parks that form the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks , for the mountain landscapes containing mountain peaks, glaciers , lakes, waterfalls, canyons , and limestone caves as well as fossils found here. Most of the park's area forms the headwaters of the Athabasca River , which originates in

2352-469: Was forbidden within park grounds, the park's facilities served as a base of operations for outfitters and guides who led wealthy hunters on hunting trips into the forest reserves outside Jasper's boundaries. In 1916, following the precedent set at Rocky Mountains Park, the Government of Canada opened an internment camp for individuals deemed enemy aliens , primarily immigrants from the German Empire ,

2401-435: Was spurred by plans for the construction of a second Canadian transcontinental railway, which was to cross the Rocky Mountains at Yellowhead Pass ; Jasper Park was intended to be developed into an alpine resort in the mould of Rocky Mountains Park , with a train station, tourist hotels, and a service town. Collectively, the mountain parks were intended as a sort of wilderness playground for middle-class workers, an antidote to

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