31-859: Jagat Singh may refer to: Rulers [ edit ] Raja Jagat Singh (1575–1646), Rajput soldier and ruler of the Nurpur kingdom, 1618–1646 Jagat Singh I (1607–1652), Maharana of Mewar (Udaipur State), 1628–1652 Jagat Singh II (1709–1751), Maharana of Mewar (Udaipur State), 1734–1751 Jagat Singh of Amber (1786–1818), Maharaja of Amber and Jaipur, 1803-1818 Others [ edit ] Jagat Singh (Sant) (1884–1951), Indian Surat Shabd Yoga practitioner Jagat Singh Mehta (1922–2014), Indian politician, Foreign Secretary of India Jagat Singh Jagga (1901/02–1931/32), Punjabi bandit Jagat Singh Negi (born 1957), Indian politician Jagat Singh (born 1968), Indian politician [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
62-730: A Bengal Civilian . Beames was born in the Royal Naval Hospital, Greenwich , a few hours after the death of William IV and the consequent ascent of Queen Victoria to the English throne. He was the eldest son of Rev. Thomas Beames, preacher of St James's Church, Piccadilly and grandson of John Beames Esq., a barrister and later bencher of Lincoln's Inn , and spent his formative years moving around England with his father's appointment to various parishes before being sent for education at Merchant Taylors' School in 1847 and Haileybury College in 1856. In his fourth term at Haileybury, Beames won
93-463: A highly inaccessible location, the impregnable fort was built after a Brahmin named Tara offered his sacrifice to protect from demons. Taragarh Fort was so well fortified by Jagat Singh and his sons that according to local folklore it took the huge Mughal army 12 years to annex it. It is said that Mughal forces surrounding the fort had planted Mango saplings which fruited in the course of siege and soldiers enjoyed their fruits (this place near Taragarh fort
124-452: A letter written by a Dutch East India Company lawyer, the famine led to 7.4 million deaths. In contrast to Mughal tax regime of 1632, Hindu kings like Raja Jagat Singh and Raja of Bundelkhand took one-sixth (16.6%) as laid out in the Hindu scriptures. They rebelled to prevent further famines. The Bundelkhand rebellion by Jhujhar Singh was stopped in 1635 but Jagat Singh fought until 1642, when
155-627: A permanent Collector in 1867 and a Commissioner in 1881. He thrice officiated as a Member of the Board of Revenue. He was a District Officer and Collector of several districts in Bengal, and the Commissioner of Chittagong until he retired in 1893. In his autobiography, which was not published until 1961, he describes himself as "an obscure person – an average, ordinary, middle-class Englishman". Beames's scholarly contributions began early in his career. While at
186-578: A severe famine in 1866 when he arrived in Balasore in 1869. He learnt Odia and wrote on its language, literature, temple iconography, fortresses and folklore. He identified with local sentiments for the preservation and promotion of the Odia language. In "On a Copper Plate Grant from Balasore AD 1483", he argued that Odia script had developed from a southern variety of Kutila type. He wrote on the poetry of DinaKhrushna Das and pioneered comparative folk culture studies with
217-544: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Raja Jagat Singh Raja Jagat Singh was a Rajput ruler of the Nurpur kingdom . When the Nurpur kingdom was being heavily taxed in 1630 by the Mughals, its king Raja Jagat Singh instead of taxing sided with people, who were starving during the famine and paid taxes from his own pocket. A lack of rain for three years caused
248-612: Is to-day called ‘ Amb ka Bagh ’ literally meaning ‘Mango Orchard’). To break the moral of invading army, the sons and men of Jagat Singh threw pudding made from bitches milk out of the fort. Mughal soldiers saw this pudding and reported to the commander of cordoning forces who could not believe his eyes and died of shock. When this news reached the Mughal emperor that despite such a long siege the Raja and his men are still feasting on milk pudding he decided to negotiate with Jagat Singh who eventually opened
279-524: Is uncertain, it melts gradually into the Boud ( Boudh ) and other rude hill dialects and co-exists with them." Beames wrote three notes that remain supremely important in this regard. 'On the relation of the Odia to the other modern Aryan language,' ‘On Odia language, script and literature' and 'Urya.' These refuted the claim that Odia was a dialect of Bengali, specifically the conspiracy of Bengali intellectuals to abolish Odia Language got dimmed Beames's exposition of
310-560: The Deccan famine of 1630–32 . It affected the Gujarat, Malwa, and Deccan regions while the Mughals carried out a war campaign. While the entire province lay dead, Shah Jahan 's war camp was “fair and spacious, plentifully stored with all provisions, being supplied with all things from all parts, far and near”. While people in the entire province were dying due to famine caused by his own army, Shah Jahan
341-716: The Aryan Languages of India and his essays in Indian Antiquary and Journal of the Bengal Asiatic Society . And yet, Beames remains foremost in his interventions for the survival of the Odia language. He made outstanding contributions for regional formations in Eastern India. The Odia – Bengali language conflict started with language hegemony, that was deployed by sections of the Bengali colonial administration for
SECTION 10
#1732855257336372-775: The College's Classic , and Sanskrit prizes as well as the Persian Medal. This affinity with languages served him well in India and permitted him to excel in his early examinations in Calcutta. Beames arrived in India in 1858 to work in the Indian Civil Service (ICS), serving in the Punjab from March 1859 to late 1861. From December 1861, he was employed in the Bengal Presidency, becoming
403-518: The Russians in trying to eradicate Polish, or the Austrians in annihilating Czech. Moreover, it is far beyond the power of the handful of English and Bengalis to stamp out the mother-tongue of all these millions, and it may be added that any forcible measures of repression would be entirely foreign and repugnant to the spirit of our policy. The result of teaching Bengali in our schools, to the exclusion of
434-618: The Taj Mahal was completed and no more additional funds were needed. He was immortalized by the poet Gambhir Rai, who wrote of his military expeditions, four years after he had died:The Rhapsodies of Gambhír Rái, the Bard of Núrpur, A.D. 1650.— by John Beames , C.S. A composition by bard Gambhir Raj mentions starvation and hunger in the period of Jagat Singh and his generosity in dealing with the catastrophe " जैसा राजा जगत सिंह अगर होता कोई, नौ द्वीप भूमंडल में भूखा रहे ना कोई |" Like Raja Jagat Singh, if there
465-651: The antiquities and history of Odisha (1870–1883). In 1891, he published a pioneering volume Bengali Grammar , and after his retirement, he wrote for the Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review . His reputation rightly rests on his Comparative Grammar of the Aryan Languages of India , published in separate volumes in 1872, 1895 and 1879. He proceeded to serve as the Collector of Balasore and Cuttack, became an important interlocutor of local linguistic and cultural aspirations. The classicists remember his celebrated Comparative Grammar of
496-570: The district of Champaran, Bihar , he published essays in the Bengal Asiatic Society. These dealt with the question of retaining Arabic element in the official form of Hindustani. Treating Bishop Caldwell's Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian Languages as a model, he commenced work on the counterpart of Aryan languages. To the Journal of the Bengal Asiatic Society , Beames contributed essays on Chand Bardoi and other old Hindi authors and studies on
527-449: The exercise of power by cornering government jobs. One of the earlier manifestations by resistance to the colonial administration in Odisha was the assertion of linguistic and cultural identity. . In 1867, for instance, Deputy Magistrate Rangalal Bandhopadhyaya spoke in public meeting of the primacy of Bengali over Odia. Likewise, well-known Bengali scholar Rajendralal Mitra who came to study
558-508: The gates of the fort on his terms. After 12 years of anti-taxation rebellion against the Mughals and the War of Taragarh 1640–1642, he was not only granted condonation on 10 April 1642 but his knighthood of 12,000 Mansabadari was restored as was the honour of ‘favourite of Mughals’ since he was needed in the Afghanistan campaign. John Beames John William Beames (21 June 1837 – 24 May 1902)
589-485: The local vernacular, would only be that the small proportion of Oriya boys who attend those schools would know the former in addition to the latter, that they would learn to despise their mother-tongue, and that a gap would be created between the mass of the peasantry and the small body of educated persons. Beames' Memoirs records his stay in Odisha as a period of great happiness and productivity. Odisha had just recovered from
620-419: The origin of Odia language and study of its evolution brought him closer to the Odia people who were battling then for the survival of their language. John Beames cultural legacy lies in the comparative study of languages. His support of the cause of Odia was timely and contributed vitally to community formation in Odisha during the 19th century. Beames, who stayed for a considerable time in Odisha and worked for
651-462: The population of Orissa is so small as compared with that of Bengal that they think it useless to keep up a separate language and written character for so small a province. If Oriya is to be suppressed because it is only spoken by a few millions of people, it might also be urged that Dutch, or Danish, or Portuguese, should be obliterated also. Basque should also be stamped out, and the same argument would apply to Romaic or Modern Greek, and would justify
SECTION 20
#1732855257336682-586: The possibility of equalising the salaries of all officials, British and Indian, in the ICS at the time of the Ilbert Bill controversy in 1883. Beames was a die-hard conservative who allowed his personal preferences to colour his professional judgements and interactions with his Indian juniors in the ICS. For example, while deposing before the Aitchison Committee, he insisted that one of his junior Indian colleagues in
713-433: The publication of his folklore of Odisha. John Beames was not known for his progressive views. A staunch representative of reactionary Anglo-Indian opinion, he sincerely believed that Indian officers, who formed a minuscule minority in the ICS, should not be given salaries on par with the salaries given to British officials in the same service. This he clearly stated in a deposition to the Aitchison Committee which looked into
744-405: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jagat_Singh&oldid=1190546065 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
775-435: The survival of Odia language, said on the topic: [T]here exists in the present day an active controversy between the literary heads of [ Bengal and Orissa ]. The Bengalis assert that Oriya is merely a dialect of Bengali, and has no claim to be considered an independent language, and they mix up this assertion with a second to the effect that if it is not, it ought to be, mainly because they wish it was, and secondarily because
806-443: The temples of Cuttack declared that there was no need to have a separate language for a mere 2 million Odia population. In fact, Mitra argued that Odisha was doomed to remain backward so long as it had a separate language. Pandit Kanti Chandra Bhattacharya, a teacher of Balasore Zilla School, published a little pamphlet named ‘Udiya Ekti Swatantray Bhasha Noi (Odia not an independent language) where Mr. Bhattacharya claimed that Odia
837-662: Was a civil servant and author in British India . He served in the Punjab from March 1859 to late 1861, and in Bengal from December 1861 until the conclusion of his service in 1893. He was also a scholar of Indian history, literature and linguistics. His great work was a comparative grammar of Indo-Aryan languages , published in three volumes in 1872–1879. When he retired from the Indian Civil Service in March 1893, he had gained extensive knowledge of Indian life, and in 1896 wrote an account of his career, first published in 1961 as Memoirs of
868-586: Was anyone, no one would have gone hungry in the nine valleys and basins of the Shivalik hills .I In folklore the most renowned incident that resulted in victory of Raja Jagat Singh became the Legend of Fort Taragarh 1640–1642, Near Dalhousie, India - Khajjiar , that event of victory is celebrated even today every year on 10 April at fort Taragarh made on the highest peak of this area on meeting point of Hathidhar range with sub range of Dhauladhar range below Kakira. This fort
899-517: Was collecting money to build the Taj Mahal , the construction of which began on 1632. Taxes in the Mughal Empire were among the highest in the world; according to the estimates of J.N.U scholar Shireen Moosvi, Mughals took 56.7% of total produce from peasants. Where the state's revenue needed to be used to quell the famine, Shah Jahan used it to build the Taj Mahal. According to contemporary sources like
930-418: Was made to keep away any armies coming from Nurpur and or Punjab side. Down this fort towards all side is thousands feet deep stiff descent all sides except only North side that is towards Chamba side. Below this fort towards north side is a small and long flat valley formed where people of Taragarh have constructed their houses and Draman to Chamba road also passes through a village named Bariean da Gala. At such
961-407: Was not a separate and original form of language and was a mere corruption of Bengali. He suggested British Government to abolish all Odia Vernacular Schools from Odisha and to alter into Bengali Vernacular Schools. Beames examines both the languages from close quarters and suggests that as a separate language “Uriya extends along the sea coast from Subarnarekha to near Ganjam.’ Landwards, its boundary