A toll road , also known as a turnpike or tollway , is a public or private road for which a fee (or toll ) is assessed for passage. It is a form of road pricing typically implemented to help recoup the costs of road construction and maintenance .
134-707: (Redirected from JFK Memorial Highway ) John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway or JFK Memorial Highway may refer to: John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway (Maryland) , a section of Interstate 95 in Maryland Delaware Turnpike , a tolled section of Interstate 95 in Delaware Massachusetts Route 18 , a continuation of John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway in New Bedford, Massachusetts Interstate 25 in Colorado ,
268-539: A park and ride and a weigh station . It is marked as exit 27 on both Interstates. Running northeast, I-95, still eight lanes wide, passes through Beltsville , interchanging with MD 212 near the community. The highway, completed in 1971, runs through undeveloped land to the interchange with the Intercounty Connector toll road ( MD 200 ) and Konterra Drive ( MD 206 ) before interchanging with MD 198 just west of Laurel . Passing over
402-518: A partial cloverleaf interchange with MD 150 (Eastern Avenue). By 1976, I-95 was under construction east of US 1 Alt. and south of MD 150. By 1981, I-95 was completed as far as I-395, and by 1984, with the construction of the Fort McHenry Tunnel quite advanced, the route was open as far as MD 2 west of the Patapsco and Boston Street/O'Donnell Street east of the Patapsco. With
536-408: A 4-2-4 configuration (four southbound general purpose lanes, two northbound express lanes, and four northbound general purpose lanes) to extend the northbound express lanes to milepost 77. Section 200 is a 15-mile (24 km) segment from milepost 70 to exit 85 ( MD 22 ). This segment is also currently eight lanes wide (a 4–4 configuration) as far as exit 77 ( MD 24 ) and
670-414: A bill in the mail to the vehicle owner. Video tolling users pay an additional 50-percent surcharge on their tolls. The toll rates along the express toll lanes vary by time of day and the day of the week. Peak travel times, which is southbound during weekday mornings, northbound during weekday evenings, and both directions on weekend afternoons, have the highest rates. Off-peak travel times, which occur during
804-602: A flat fee either when they enter or when they exit the toll road. In a variant of the closed toll system, mainline barriers are present at the two endpoints of the toll road, and each interchange has a ramp toll that is paid upon exit or entry. In this case, a motorist pays a flat fee at the ramp toll and another flat fee at the end of the toll road; no ticket is necessary. In addition, with most systems, motorists may pay tolls only with cash or change; debit and credit cards are not accepted. However, some toll roads may have travel plazas with ATMs so motorists can stop and withdraw cash for
938-464: A general fund by local governments, not being earmarked for transport facilities. This is sometimes limited or prohibited by central government legislation. Also, road congestion pricing schemes have been implemented in a limited number of urban areas as a transportation demand management tool to try to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution . Toll roads have existed for at least the last 2,700 years, as tolls had to be paid by travellers using
1072-571: A new route, was canceled in July 1983. The third is encountered at exit 60 and is the site of the southwestern terminus of the Windlass Freeway, a relief route for US 40 (part of the route was eventually built and is today part of I-695 ). The interchange that exists at this site is in partial use, serving the Moravia Road freeway spur; like the other two inner-city locations, ramp stubs mark
1206-437: A practice that continued with the automobile, and many modern tollways charge fees for motor vehicles exclusively. The amount of the toll usually varies by vehicle type, weight, or number of axles , with freight trucks often charged higher rates than cars. Tolls are often collected at toll plazas, toll booths , toll houses , toll stations, toll bars, toll barriers, or toll gates. Some toll collection points are automatic, and
1340-574: A result, I-95 in Maryland had multiple conflicting sequences of exit numbers. In the mid-1980s, the exits were renumbered according to a statewide, mileage-based numbering system , so that they now range from exit 2 ( I-295 north) on the Capital Beltway to exit 109 ( MD 279 ) on the John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway. To allow a seamless connection between the John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway and
1474-643: A section of Interstate 25 in Pueblo County See also [ edit ] John F. Kennedy Boulevard (disambiguation) John F. Kennedy Expressway , a major expressway in Chicago, Illinois John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge , a bridge that crosses the Ohio River between Kentucky and Indiana John F. Kennedy Memorial Causeway , a bridge located in Corpus Christi, Texas [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
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#17328591590091608-454: A single exotically named location. Having turned east, the route now runs straight toward the Delaware state line, passing under MD 213 north of Elkton with no access offered and then reaching the exit 109 interchange with MD 279 , which provides a direct route into Elkton and Newark, Delaware . I-95's run through Maryland comes to an end quickly after that exit, and it crosses
1742-442: A specific infrastructure (e.g. roads, bridges). These concepts were widely used until the last century. However, the evolution in technology made it possible to implement road tolling policies based on different concepts. The different charging concepts are designed to suit different requirements regarding purpose of the charge, charging policy, the network to the charge, tariff class differentiation, et cetera: Some toll roads charge
1876-566: A three-quarter interchange with Eastern Avenue, which share southbound access ramps via Kane Street) in lieu of I-895. It interchanges with the Moravia Road freeway spur next to the Baltimore city line, where ramp stubs were once planned for an unbuilt portion of the Windlass Freeway, then connects with US 40 before narrowing to six lanes and merging with I-895 just after exiting Baltimore into northeastern Baltimore County. From 2009 to 2015, new gray gantries were installed that displayed signs in
2010-583: A toll in only one direction. Examples include the Sydney Harbour Bridge , Sydney Harbour Tunnel , and Eastern Distributor (these all charge tolls city-bound) in Australia, in the United States, crossings between Pennsylvania and New Jersey operated by Delaware River Port Authority and crossings between New Jersey and New York operated by Port Authority of New York and New Jersey . This technique
2144-517: A true toll route as it passes through Susquehanna State Park before crossing the Susquehanna River on the Millard E. Tydings Memorial Bridge . The bridge crosses between bluffs high above the river valley, and is posted with warning signs: "Subject to Crosswinds". The highway now enters Cecil County . Just beyond the bridge is an all-electronic toll gantry at Perryville , where tolls are collected in
2278-555: Is also operated by the MDTA, at the Baltimore city line. Starting out eight lanes wide at the junction with I-895, after three miles (4.8 km), I-95 once again intersects with I-695 in Rosedale at what was a unique double-crossover interchange. Within this interchange, the carriageways of I-95 narrowed to six lanes and crossed over each other, thereby putting through traffic on the left within
2412-454: Is currently six lanes wide (a 3–3 configuration) between exits 77 and 85. Like Section 100, this segment will be widened into a 4–2–2–4 configuration as far as exit 80 ( MD 543 ). Between exits 80 and 85, the remainder will likely be widened from a 3–3 configuration to a 4–4 configuration. While the MDTA has not yet finalized plans for this segment, the MD ;24 interchange
2546-578: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway (Maryland) Interstate 95 ( I-95 ) is an Interstate Highway running along the East Coast of the United States from Miami, Florida , north to the Canadian border at Houlton, Maine . In Maryland , the route is a major highway that runs 110.01 miles (177.04 km) diagonally from southwest to northeast, entering from
2680-603: Is practical where the detour to avoid the toll is large or the toll differences are small. Traditionally, tolls were paid by hand at a toll gate. Although payments may still be made in cash, it is more common now to pay using an electronic toll collection system. In some places, payment is made using transponders which are affixed to the windscreen. Three systems of toll roads exist: open (with mainline barrier toll plazas ); closed (with entry/exit tolls); and open road (no toll booths, only electronic toll collection gantries at entrances and exits or at strategic locations on
2814-548: Is the largest ETC system in the U.S., and is used for both fully tolled highways and tolled express lanes. Maryland Route 200 and the Triangle Expressway in North Carolina were the first toll roads built without toll booths, with drivers charged via ETC or by optical license plate recognition and are billed by mail. In addition, many older toll roads are also being upgraded to an all-electronic tolling system, abandoning
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#17328591590092948-587: The Baltimore 10-D Interstate System , approved in 1962. In this plan, I-95 would run east–west to the north of Fort McHenry , similarly to the above proposal, but would have run along the southern edge of the CBD, passing to the north of Federal Hill and cutting through the historic Fell's Point neighborhood. After crossing the Inner Harbor on another low bridge, it would have followed the Boston Street corridor, crossing
3082-564: The Baltimore–Washington Parkway (unsigned MD 295 ) in the northeastern edge of the park. Just after the Baltimore–Washington Parkway, the two routes interchange with MD 201 , which connects to the southern terminus of the Baltimore–Washington Parkway at US 50 ( New York Avenue ) near the D.C. line. Now turned fully west, the beltway runs through the northern edge of College Park , interchanging with
3216-570: The Clearview font which was being adopted statewide, replacing the old brown gantries and Highway Gothic signs, some of which had button copy . In 2017, the high-mast poles, which were also brown, were taken down and replaced with new gray ones. The John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway portion of I-95, a toll facility operated by the MDTA , begins at the end of the Harbor Tunnel Thruway (I-895), which
3350-603: The College Park Interchange . Instead, it would have exited D.C. at New Hampshire Avenue ( MD 650 ), following the Northeast Freeway , and, after passing through Northwest Branch Park , junctioned I-495 at the College Park Interchange, integrating seamlessly with the existing segment of I-95 at that interchange. This route was canceled in 1977, and I-95 rerouted, after the D.C. government canceled
3484-724: The District of Columbia and Virginia at the Woodrow Wilson Bridge over the Potomac River , northeast to the Delaware state line near Elkton . It is the longest Interstate Highway within Maryland and is one of the most traveled Interstate Highways in the state, especially between Baltimore and Washington, D.C. , despite alternate routes along the corridor, such as the Baltimore–Washington Parkway , U.S. Route 1 (US 1), and US 29 . I-95 also has eight auxiliary routes in
3618-634: The MD ;100 interchange, providing access to Ellicott City , US 29 , and I-70 to the west and the Baltimore–Washington Parkway (MD 295) and I-97 to the east. Just beyond this interchange, I-95 encounters three more of its auxiliary routes within Maryland: I-895 , which splits from I-95 within Patapsco Valley State Park , just south of the Patapsco River (and at which point
3752-594: The MDTA and run by Areas USA. Both service areas offer bus parking, free Wi-Fi, restrooms, a Kids Korner seating area, an outdoor seating area, multiple fast-food restaurants , retail stores, and Sunoco as the fuel offering. Maryland House , opened in 1963, is at milepost 81.9 in Harford County. It was later remodeled in 1987, and wing additions were added in 1989–1990. It was closed on September 15, 2012, and demolished for reconstruction, reopening on January 16, 2014. Chesapeake House , opened in 1975 (after
3886-904: The Maine Turnpike in 1947, the Blue Star Turnpike in 1950, the New Jersey Turnpike in 1951, the Garden State Parkway in 1952, the West Virginia Turnpike and New York State Thruway in 1954, the Massachusetts Turnpike in 1957, and the Chicago Skyway and Indiana Toll Road in 1958. Other toll roads were also established around this time. With the establishment of the Interstate Highway System in
4020-769: The North Central Freeway , which would have linked to the Northeast Freeway at its southern end and carried I-95 deeper into D.C., connecting to the Inner Loop . The part of I-95 that was completed from downtown Washington, D.C., to the Springfield Interchange in Springfield, Virginia , was then redesignated as I-395 . Several proposals were made during the 1940s and 1950s for an East–West Expressway through Baltimore. After nine different proposals were floated,
4154-532: The Patuxent River just south of the T. Howard Duckett Dam , the route enters Howard County and promptly has an interchange with MD 216 . North of the MD 216 interchange, the route encounters its first rest area in the state of Maryland, with separate facilities for the northbound and southbound lanes. Continuing northeast, I-95 intersects MD 32 at a modified directional cloverleaf interchange . Within this interchange, I-95 grade-separates, with
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4288-637: The Springfield Interchange in Virginia. While the College Park Interchange was completed, the Northeast Freeway was never built, resulting in highway lanes coming to an abrupt end on the south end of the interchange. After the project to complete I-95 through the District of Columbia was canceled, I-95 was rerouted onto the Capital Beltway in 1977. The portion of I-95 inside the beltway in Northern Virginia and
4422-671: The Susa – Babylon highway under the regime of Ashurbanipal , who reigned in the seventh century BC. Aristotle and Pliny refer to tolls in Arabia and other parts of Asia. In India, before the fourth century BC, the Arthashastra notes the use of tolls. Germanic tribes charged tolls to travellers across mountain passes . Most roads were not freely open to travel on in Europe during the Middle Ages, and
4556-580: The West African kingdom of Dahomey , toll booths were also established with the function of collecting yearly taxes based on the goods carried by the people of Dahomey and their occupation. In some cases, officials imposed fines for public nuisance before allowing people to pass. Industrialisation in Europe needed major improvements to the transport infrastructure which included many new or substantially improved roads, financed from tolls. The A5 road in Britain
4690-542: The Woodrow Wilson Bridge , briefly cross the southern tip of the District of Columbia (over water), and touch down in Prince George's County west of Forest Heights . I-95/I-495 immediately encounter the southern terminus of I-295 , known as the Anacostia Freeway, a route that serves downtown Washington, D.C. , and connects to the originally planned alignment of I-95 through Washington D.C., I-395 . Just beyond I-295
4824-696: The central business district (CBD). The route would have met two other freeways—the Jones Falls Expressway and the Southwest Expressway—at a four-way interchange in the southeast edge of the CBD; I-95 would have followed the Southwest Expressway, and met both I-70N and I-83 (on the Jones Falls Expressway) at this interchange. I-70N and I-83 would have terminated at the interchange, while I-95 would have turned east and followed
4958-498: The toll was one of many feudal fees paid for rights of usage in everyday life. Some major European "highways", such as the Via Regia and Via Imperii , offered protection to travelers in exchange for paying the royal toll. Many modern European roads were originally constructed as toll roads in order to recoup the costs of construction and maintenance, and to generate revenue from passing travelers. In 14th-century England, some of
5092-416: The "closed motorway system" (km travelled) or through the "open motorway system" (flat-rate toll). Given the multiplicity of operators, the toll is only requested when exiting the motorway and not when the motorway operator changes. This system was made possible following article 14 of law 531 of 12 August 1982. From a technical point of view, however, the mixed barrier/free-flow system is active where, at
5226-474: The 19th century. Roads radiating from Toronto required users to pay at toll gates along the street ( Yonge Street , Bloor Street , Davenport Road , Kingston Road ) but the toll gates disappeared after 1895. In the eastern United States of the 18th and 19th century, hundreds of private turnpikes were created to facilitate travel between towns and cities, typically outside built-up areas. 19th-century plank roads were usually operated as toll roads. One of
5360-568: The BOT methodology for future highway projects. The more traditional means of managing toll roads in the United States is through semi-autonomous public authorities . Kansas , Maryland , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , New Jersey , New York , North Carolina , Ohio , Oklahoma , Pennsylvania , and West Virginia manage their toll roads in this manner. While most of the toll roads in California, Delaware, Florida, Texas, and Virginia are operating under
5494-427: The Baltimore city line as far as exit 55 (Key Highway), the route was maintained by the city of Baltimore. Between exits 55 and 57 (Boston Street/O'Donnell Street) the route, traversing the Fort McHenry Tunnel , was maintained by the MDTA . Between exit 57 and the Baltimore city line the route was again maintained by the city of Baltimore. Now, between the southern Baltimore city line (near exit 49,
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5628-542: The Delaware state line, becomes the Delaware Turnpike, and soon reaches the Newark mainline toll plaza (in 2012, the MDTA installed signs prior to and at the MD 279 interchange informing motorists of the Delaware toll plaza ahead). Similar to what was done on the between the beltways segment, new lighting projects have replaced the original high-mast lights (which were also mercury vapor) with conventional streetlights at
5762-481: The District of Columbia was designated as I-395 . The eastern half of the Capital Beltway was renumbered from I-495 to I-95. In 1991, the I-495 designation was restored on the eastern half of the beltway, numbered concurrently with I-95 as part of an effort to provide more consistent numbering and directional indicators on the Capital Beltway. The College Park Interchange was modified in late 1986 to allow free movement along
5896-664: The East–West Expressway out of the CBD, along the Boston Street corridor and out toward east Baltimore, intersecting the Harbor Tunnel Thruway near today's exit 62. The Southwest Expressway would have cut through Federal Hill and crossed the Inner Harbor on a fixed bridge with 50 feet (15 m) of vertical navigational clearance. All these proposed routes would have required extensive right-of-way acquisition and clearance. The above routings were eventually further refined and modified and eventually became part of
6030-401: The Harbor Tunnel Thruway near to where it does today, then followed the existing I-95 alignment out of the city. The highway would have junctioned I-70N a mile (1.6 km) to the northwest of the Inner Harbor, near the eastern terminus of the now-defunct I-170 ; it would have met I-83 in the northeastern corner of the CBD. This routing was little different from the routings proposed in 1960 and
6164-585: The I-95 express toll lanes was part of the $ 1.1-billion (equivalent to $ 1.39 billion in 2023 ) I-95 Improvement Project, which included $ 756 million (equivalent to $ 958 million in 2023 ) in highway and safety improvements along eight miles (13 km) of I-95 from the I-895 interchange to just north of White Marsh Boulevard (MD 43) in northeast Baltimore. Originally, there were several changes in jurisdiction over maintenance of Baltimore's segment of I-95. North of
6298-592: The MD 152 and MD 155 interchanges, but new high-masts were installed from the Perryville toll plaza to MD 222. Additionally, there are now high-mast lights at the northern I-695 interchange in Rosedale to match its southern counterpart in Halethorpe (although the ones in Halethorpe were removed by 2018); those replaced the conventional streetlights that had existed within the area. I-95 has express toll lanes in
6432-489: The MD 4 interchange, the beltway runs through Glenarden , interchanging with MD 202 , US 50 /unsigned I-595 , and MD 450 , the latter route offering access to New Carrollton station serving Washington Metro 's Orange Line , MARC Train 's Penn Line , and Amtrak 's Northeast Corridor railroad line and the New Carrollton area. Turning northwest, the beltway enters Greenbelt Park , intersecting
6566-732: The MDTA issued its results for Section 100, the southernmost section. There may be the future consideration of replacing New York City with the much closer Philadelphia as the control city on I-95 north, north of Baltimore, as I-95 is fully completed between Philadelphia and New York City. Section 100 is an eight-mile (13 km) segment of the John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway that runs between exit 62 ( I-895 ) and milepost 70. This segment used to be just eight lanes wide (a 4–4 configuration) and carries approximately 165,000 vehicles per day (expected to increase to 225,000 vehicles per day by 2025). This segment has been expanded to 12 lanes (a 4–2–2–4 configuration), with
6700-535: The Old Mountain Road bridge and will relocate the park-and-ride lot just south of the older facility and will be accessed through a roundabout. The project is expected to be complete by 2026. Section 300 is a three-mile (4.8 km) segment from exit 77 to exit 80. Plans for its widening are described above. Toll road Toll roads have existed in some form since antiquity , with tolls levied on passing travelers on foot, wagon, or horseback;
6834-765: The South to the North. The road connects the southwest of the city, including the Sea Port area, with the Ring Road, Vasilievsky Island, Kurortny district and the Scandinavia motorway. The WHSD is divided into three sections: Southern, Central and Northern. The entire stretch of the WHSD was opened for traffic in 2016. There are 16 toll plazas on the WHSD. Paying toll by transponder is mostly recommended for frequent drivers. The Flow+ toll collection system
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#17328591590096968-464: The U.S. saw large road building projects in major urban areas. Electronic toll collection, first introduced in the 1980s, reduces operating costs by removing toll collectors from roads. Tolled express lanes, by which certain lanes of a freeway are designated "toll only", increases revenue by allowing a free-to-use highway to collect revenue by allowing drivers to bypass traffic jams by paying a toll. The E-ZPass system, compatible with many state systems,
7102-439: The access roadway to the Greenbelt station serving Washington Metro's Green Line and MARC Train's Camden Line and US 1 . Beyond the US 1 interchange, I-95 encounters its own route at the College Park Interchange and separates from I-495 within this interchange. I-495 continues west, alone, on the Capital Beltway to I-270 , while I-95 turns north onto its own planned alignment. The interchange includes access to
7236-435: The beltways around some larger cities ( tangenziali ) which are not part of a thoroughfare motorway, and the Autostrada A2 between Salerno and Reggio di Calabria which is operated by the government-owned ANAS . Both are toll free. On Italian motorways, the toll applies to almost all motorways not managed by Anas . The collection of motorway tolls, from a tariff point of view, is managed mainly in two ways: either through
7370-486: The brand I-Pass in Illinois ) is accepted on almost all toll roads. Similar systems include SunPass in Florida , FasTrak in California , Good to Go in Washington state , and ExpressToll in Colorado . The systems use a small radio transponder mounted in or on a customer's vehicle to deduct toll fares from a pre-paid account as the vehicle passes through the toll barrier. This reduces manpower at toll booths and increases traffic flow and fuel efficiency by reducing
7504-446: The cancelation of I-95 inside of the Capital Beltway. The unnamed section between the Capital Beltway to north of Baltimore was completed in various stages between 1964 and 1985, while the northeastern section from Baltimore to the Delaware state line, known as the John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway (named after the former US president, John F. Kennedy ), was the first section completed, opening to traffic in 1963. A rebuild of this section
7638-543: The center lanes designated as express toll lanes . In addition, the interchange between the John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway and the Baltimore Beltway at exit 64 has been rebuilt into a more orthodox stack interchange , removing the left entrances and exits as well as the unique carriageway crossovers on I-95 (the carriageway crossovers on I-695 there remained, but those have since been removed as well). The interchange at exit 67 ( MD 43 ) has been significantly modified from its former cloverleaf configuration, and
7772-461: The centre of the city tolled. In the United States, as states looked for ways to construct new freeways without federal funding again, to raise revenue for continued road maintenance, and to control congestion, new toll road construction saw significant increases during the first two decades of the 21st century. Spurred on by two innovations, the electronic toll collection system, and the advent of high-occupancy and express lane tolls , many areas of
7906-461: The city of Baltimore . Traveling northbound, the first interchange encountered is the College Park Interchange , exit 27. This was the intended site of the northern crossing of I-95 and I-495 and the northern end of the Northeast Freeway . South of here, I-95 was to enter D.C. on the Northeast Freeway, continue on the North Central Freeway and connect seamlessly to the portion of I-95 in downtown Washington that had been completed from there to
8040-412: The city's department of planning published a proposal of its own in 1960. The route in the proposal would have started out as I-70N (as it was known then) and run due east through vast city parkland before picking up the small piece of freeway that was constructed within the Franklin Street–Mulberry Street corridor, and then crossing the city to the north of the Inner Harbor on an elevated viaduct within
8174-402: The daytime outside of peak travel times, have lower rates, with the overnight hours having the lowest rates. Just as in Delaware, the northern segment of I-95 in Maryland has service areas in the median that serve both directions of traffic. This dates back to its days as a two-state toll highway. Between the Delaware line and the Baltimore city line, two service areas are available, owned by
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#17328591590098308-446: The direct (tunnel) routes through Baltimore (such as vehicles either carrying hazardous materials or exceeding the tunnel clearance heights) was encouraged to use the eastern half of I-695, which crossed the Patapsco River via the Francis Scott Key Bridge ; it is now detoured onto the western half of the beltway, with I-95 being available to all other through traffic. When this part of I-95 opened to traffic in 1971, all interchanges in
8442-410: The distance travelled. Motorway barriers are arranged along the route (however not at every junction), at which the user pays a fixed sum, depending only on the class of the vehicle. The user can therefore travel along sections of the motorway without paying any toll as the barriers may not be present on the section travelled. Road tolls were levied traditionally for a specific access (e.g. city) or for
8576-406: The entrance and exit from the motorways, there are lanes dedicated to the collection of a ticket (on entry) and the delivery of the ticket with simultaneous payment (on exit) and other lanes where, during transit without the need to stop, an electronic toll system present in the vehicles records the data and debits the toll, generally into the bank account previously communicated by the customer, to
8710-444: The event includes the first quarter collected at its toll booths. The first major deployment of an RFID electronic toll collection system in the United States was on the Dallas North Tollway in 1989 by Amtech (see TollTag ). The Amtech RFID technology used on the Dallas North Tollway was originally developed at Sandia Labs for use in tagging and tracking livestock. In the same year, the Telepass active transponder RFID system
8844-402: The expenses by introducing a toll. It was followed by Greece, which made users pay for the network of motorways around and between its cities in 1927. Later in the 1950s and 1960s, France, Spain, and Portugal started to build motorways largely with the aid of concessions, allowing rapid development of this infrastructure without massive state debts. Since then, road tolls have been introduced in
8978-428: The final opening of the tunnel on November 23, 1985, I-95 was finally completed within the city of Baltimore. Originally, the toll plaza at the north end of the Fort McHenry Tunnel was to be removed after the city of Baltimore repaid its share of the construction costs of the tunnel. However, the MDTA lobbied successfully to keep the toll plaza in place to prevent a traffic problem on I-95 within Baltimore. Despite
9112-423: The first US motor roads, the Long Island Motor Parkway (which opened on October 10, 1908) was built by William Kissam Vanderbilt II, the great-grandson of Cornelius Vanderbilt . The road was closed in 1938 when it was taken over by the state of New York in lieu of back taxes. The first toll road in St. Petersburg appeared in the 2000s. The Western High-Speed Diameter (WHSD) is a multilane motorway running from
9246-451: The first built in the world, connecting Milan to Lake Como and Lake Maggiore , and now parts of the Autostrada A8 and Autostrada A9 , was devised by Piero Puricelli and was inaugurated in 1924. Piero Puricelli, a civil engineer and entrepreneur, received the first authorization to build a public-utility fast road in 1921, and completed the construction (one lane in each direction) between 1924 and 1926. Piero Puricelli decided to cover
9380-408: The highway the first all-automated toll highway in the world. A bill is mailed monthly for usage of the 407. Lower charges are levied on frequent 407 users who carry electronic transponders in their vehicles. The approach has not been without controversy: In 2003 the 407 ETR settled a class action with a refund to users. Throughout most of the East Coast of the United States, E-ZPass (operated under
9514-412: The highway was widened from four to six lanes in 1972), is at milepost 97 in Cecil County. It was closed and demolished in January 2014 following the reopening of the Maryland House and reopened on August 5, 2014. A rest area is located in Howard County , between Baltimore and Washington, D.C. Unlike the two service areas farther north, which are located in the median, this rest area is located on
9648-405: The highway. In some cases, the ticket displays the toll to be paid on exit. Upon exit, the driver must pay the amount listed for the given exit. Should the ticket be lost, a driver must typically pay the maximum amount possible for travel on that highway. Short toll roads with no intermediate entries or exits may have only one toll plaza at one end, with motorists travelling in either direction paying
9782-705: The hybrid systems they adopted during the late 20th century. These include the Massachusetts Turnpike , one of the oldest American toll roads, which went all-electronic in 2016, and the Pennsylvania Turnpike , America's oldest toll freeway, which went all-electronic in 2020, along with the Illinois Tollway , which both accelerated their transitions to such due to the COVID-19 pandemic . Turnpike trusts were established in England and Wales from about 1706 in response to
9916-552: The interchange area until 2018 when two new lanes were taken from the left shoulders. The interchange would have been a three-way freeway-to-freeway interchange, with a full complement of ramps provided for local access to and from Boston Street and O'Donnell Street, to and from both Interstates. Of the two planned Interstate terminuses, I-83's terminus was the first to be abandoned, with the connecting highway segment being cancelled in September 1982; I-70's terminus, later redesignated as
10050-427: The interchange at exit 62 was also reconfigured so that I-95 is now the straight-ahead route instead of I-895, thus eliminating the need for southbound I-95 traffic to weave to the right and cross over. The project cost $ 1.1 billion (equivalent to $ 1.39 billion in 2023 ). It began in 2006 and was completed in 2014. The remainder of the section between Exit 67 and milepost 70 is currently being widened to
10184-421: The interchange nexus, allowing left exit ramps and left entrance ramps to accommodate four of the eight movements in lieu of flyovers. Beyond the interchange, both sets of carriageways crossed over each other again and resumed right-hand running. As part of the upgrades to I-95 to accommodate express toll lanes in this area, this interchange was replaced with a more conventional four-level stack; all exits are now on
10318-459: The late 1950s, toll road construction in the U.S. slowed down considerably, as the federal government now provided the bulk of funding to construct new freeways, and regulations required that such Interstate highways be free from tolls. Many older toll roads were added to the Interstate System under a grandfather clause that allowed tolls to continue to be collected on toll roads that predated
10452-521: The latter route offering access to Fort McHenry and an escape route for hazardous material traffic. I-95 encounters the Fort McHenry Tunnel south of Fort McHenry. The tunnel, containing eight lanes, curves underneath the Northwest Harbor and emerges in the Canton neighborhood of Baltimore, quickly encountering the all-electronic toll plaza and connector ramps that lead to and from Keith Avenue. After
10586-536: The main access route into the central business district, I-395 . I-95 also interchanges with MD 295 at the northern terminus of the Baltimore–Washington Parkway (and the southern terminus of Russell Street, with ramps to the transitioning roads and from the terminating ones) within the I-395 interchange, which is almost completely elevated over the middle branch of the Patapsco River . After interchanging with both routes, I-95 interchanges with MD 2 and Key Highway ,
10720-476: The mainline bridges built to grade-separate I-95 and the exit ramps to and from I-70, several ramp stubs, a few grassy abutments. An incomplete flyover bridge once existed as well, but was later demolished. Narrow shoulders through the interchange area show that I-95 narrowed to six lanes but was restriped to widen the highway. While this interchange was left incomplete, the existing exit 50, built with extensive collector–distributor lanes due to its proximity to
10854-400: The mainline toll plazas (toll barriers). It is also possible for motorists to enter an 'open toll road' after one toll barrier and exit before the next one, thus travelling on the toll road toll-free. Most open toll roads have ramp tolls or partial access junctions to prevent this practice, known in the U.S. as " shunpiking ". With a closed toll system, vehicles collect a ticket when entering
10988-523: The maintenance and improvement of most of the main roads in England and Wales, which were used to distribute agricultural and industrial goods economically. The tolls were a source of revenue for road building and maintenance, paid for by road users and not from general taxation. The turnpike trusts were gradually abolished from the 1870s. Most trusts improved existing roads, but some new roads, usually only short stretches, were also built. Thomas Telford 's Holyhead road followed Watling Street from London but
11122-528: The majority of the EU member states. In the United States, prior to the introduction of the Interstate Highway System and the large federal grants supplied to states to build it, many states constructed their first freeways by floating bonds backed by toll revenues. The first major fully grade separated toll road was the Pennsylvania Turnpike in 1940. This was followed up by other toll roads, such as
11256-455: The manager of his device. In Italy, this occurs through the Autostrade per l'Italia interchange system. The Autostrada A36 , Autostrada A59 and Autostrada A60 are exclusively free-flow. On these motorways, those who do not have the electronic toll device on board must proceed with the payment by subsequently communicating the data to the motorway manager (by telephone, online or by going to
11390-641: The median between the I-895 merge in northern Baltimore to just north of MD 43 in White Marsh, with two express toll lanes in each direction. In addition to access to and from I-95 at both ends, the express toll lanes have a southbound exit and northbound entrance with I-895, a southbound exit and northbound entrance with Moravia Road via I-895, and a northbound exit and southbound entrance with MD 43. The express toll lanes utilize all-electronic tolling ; tolls are collected by E-ZPass or video tolling , which uses automatic license plate recognition and sends
11524-409: The median of the road). Some toll roads use a combination of the three systems. On an open toll system, all vehicles stop at various locations along the highway to pay a toll. (This is different from "open road tolling", where no vehicles stop to pay a toll.) While this may save money from the lack of need to construct toll booths at every exit, it can cause traffic congestion while traffic queues at
11658-465: The most heavily used roads were repaired with money raised from tolls by pavage grants. Widespread toll roads sometimes restricted traffic so much, by their high tolls, that they interfered with trade and cheap transportation needed to alleviate local famines or shortages. Tolls were used in the Holy Roman Empire in the 14th and 15th centuries. After significant road construction undertaken by
11792-423: The motorways subject to toll payment must only proceed at a maximum speed of 30 kilometres per hour (20 mph) without the need to stop. The amount is directly proportional to the distance travelled by the vehicle, the coefficient of its class and a variable coefficient from motorway to motorway, called the kilometre rate. Unlike the closed motorway system, in the open system, the road user does not pay based on
11926-544: The need for better roads than the few and poorly-maintained tracks then available. Turnpike trusts were set up by individual Acts of Parliament , with powers to collect road tolls to repay loans for building, improving, and maintaining the principal roads in Britain . At their peak, in the 1830s, over 1,000 trusts administered around 30,000 miles (48,000 km) of turnpike road in England and Wales, taking tolls at almost 8,000 toll-gates. The trusts were ultimately responsible for
12060-409: The need for complete stops to pay tolls at these locations. By designing a toll gate specifically for electronic collection, it is possible to carry out open-road tolling, where the customer does not need to slow at all when passing through the toll gate. The U.S. state of Texas is using a system that has no toll booths. Drivers without a TollTag have their license plate photographed automatically and
12194-422: The northbound carriageway passing over MD 32 and the southbound carriageway passing under MD 32, allowing left exits from both of the latter's carriageways to merge into the left lanes of I-95 without conflict. North of this unusual interchange, I-95 encounters MD 175 , the main access route into Columbia , at a less-radical directional cloverleaf interchange. After the MD 175 interchange comes
12328-459: The northbound direction only. There are no southbound tolls on the highway, but southbound truck traffic may need to stop at a nearby weigh station . At the northern end of the plaza is exit 93 for MD 222 in Perryville, before continuing through Cecil County toward the Delaware state line. (Until the 1980s, there were tolls at the southbound exits and northbound entrances, at the Perryville and North East interchanges.) Still paralleling
12462-670: The northeastern United States, the InterCounty Connector ( Maryland Route 200 ) was partially opened to traffic in February 2011, and the final segment was completed in November 2014. The first section of another all-electronic toll road, the Triangle Expressway , opened at the beginning of 2012 in North Carolina. Some toll roads are managed under such systems as the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) system. Private companies build
12596-545: The northern shore of the Chesapeake Bay , I-95's carriageways split apart again to encounter another service area, Chesapeake House , that is accessible from both directions. Now past the northern tip of the bay, north of Elk Neck State Park , the route encounters MD 272 , which provides access to the towns of North East and Rising Sun . The "North East Rising Sun" exit off I-95 has been read by some drivers, including children's writer Katherine Paterson , as referring to
12730-399: The offices dedicated to payment). The closed motorway system is applied to most Italian motorways. It requires the driver of the vehicle to collect a special ticket at the entrance to the motorway and pay the amount due upon exit. If equipped with an electronic toll system the two procedures are completely automatic and the driver on the detection lanes located at the entrances and exits from
12864-503: The original interstate system funding. Houston's outer beltway of interconnected toll roads began in 1983, and many states followed over the last two decades of the 20th century adding new toll roads, including the tollway system around Orlando, Florida , Colorado's E-470 , and Georgia State Route 400 . London, in an effort to reduce traffic within the city, instituted the London congestion charge in 2003, effectively making all roads within
12998-703: The original ones at the I-195/MD 166 interchange. South of Baltimore , I-95 is maintained by the Maryland State Highway Administration ; north of the southern Baltimore city line, I-95 changes jurisdiction to the Maryland Transportation Authority (MDTA). Continuing on its northeasterly track, the route intersects US 1 Alternate (US 1 Alt.) just beyond the city line. I-95's interchange with US 1 Alt. incorporates stubs and unused embankments that would have been used for
13132-399: The planned eastern terminus of I-70 within Baltimore (later planned as the southern terminus of I-595, though the freeway was later canceled and that designation was moved to US 50 east of Washington ). Continuing past this unbuilt interchange, I-95 intersects Washington Boulevard, a local city street (with ramps to the southbound side and from the northbound side), before encountering
13266-465: The planned eastern terminus of I-70 , the planned southern terminus of I-83 , and the planned southern terminus of the Windlass Freeway . All three unbuilt interchanges incorporate interchanges with local roads. The first is located near exit 50 in Baltimore; it is the site of the planned eastern terminus of I-70 within the city. The only remnants of the interchange that remain in situ today are
13400-563: The registered owner will receive a monthly bill, at a higher rate than those vehicles with TollTags. A similar variation of automatic collection is the Toll Roads in Orange County, CA, US, wherein all entry or collection points are equipped with high-speed cameras which read license plates and users will have 7 calendar days to pay online using their plate number or else set up an account for automatic debits. The first all-electronic toll road in
13534-595: The right, and I-95's carriageways no longer cross over one another; a similar project also eliminated the crossovers on I-695. At this junction, southbound vehicles that cannot use either tunnel are redirected onto the western half of I-695, as its eastern half has been severed by the collapse of the Francis Scott Key Bridge. Continuing to the northeast, parallel with the Chesapeake Bay , the route encounters MD 43 near White Marsh . After passing through Gunpowder Falls State Park , and into Harford County ,
13668-547: The road enters southwestern Baltimore County ); I-195 and MD 166 near Catonsville , a short spur to Baltimore/Washington International Airport ; and I-695 near Halethorpe , the Baltimore Beltway, a full-circle beltway around Baltimore that offers a full freeway bypass of the city and that connects to I-70, I-83 , and I-97. Before its collapse in March 2024 , northbound traffic not authorized to make use of either of
13802-641: The roads and are given a limited franchise. Ownership is transferred to the government when the franchise expires. This type of arrangement is prevalent in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Indonesia, India, South Korea, Japan, and the Philippines . The BOT system is a fairly new concept that is becoming more popular in the United States, with California , Delaware , Florida , Illinois , Indiana , Mississippi , Texas , and Virginia already building and operating toll roads under this scheme. Pennsylvania , Massachusetts , New Jersey , and Tennessee are also considering
13936-510: The route encounters the MD 22 interchange in Aberdeen , providing access to Aberdeen Proving Ground . South of Susquehanna State Park , I-95 encounters the southern end of the remaining tolled portion of the highway at the MD 155 interchange, providing access to Havre de Grace and US 40 . (Until the 1980s, there were tolls to enter I-95 southbound and exit it northbound in Harford County.) North of this interchange, I-95 becomes
14070-491: The route has interchanges with MD 152 north of Joppatowne , then with MD 24 , providing access to Bel Air and Edgewood . Within the MD 24 interchange, I-95 narrows to six lanes and remains this wide to the Delaware border. Just beyond the MD 543 interchange, I-95's carriageways split apart to provide space for the Maryland House service area accessible from both directions. Beyond Maryland House,
14204-501: The route's inclusion in the Interstate Highway System in the mid-1950s, the construction of the Baltimore and Capital beltways had diverted most of the state funds that would have been used to build it. To relieve traffic on US 40 , it was decided to finance construction using a bond issue. The Maryland State Roads Commission, the predecessor to the MDTA , floated $ 73 million (equivalent to $ 563 million in 2023 ) in revenue bonds to provide funds to start construction of
14338-456: The route, which began in January 1962. Completed in 1963, the 48-mile (77 km) Northeast Expressway and the adjoining 11-mile (18 km) Delaware Turnpike were dedicated by President John F. Kennedy , Delaware Governor Elbert N. Carvel , and Maryland Governor J. Millard Tawes in a ceremony at the state line on November 14, 1963. Eight days after dedicating the toll road, President Kennedy
14472-429: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about roads and streets with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_F._Kennedy_Memorial_Highway&oldid=823243175 " Category : Road disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
14606-413: The shoulders, with separate facilities for each direction of travel. This rest area also features only restrooms, a tourist information area, and vending machines, in contrast to the full food and fuel options at the two service areas farther north. Under the original plans for I-95 in Maryland, the route would not have followed the eastern half of the Capital Beltway from the Woodrow Wilson Bridge to
14740-436: The site of the ramps to and from the unbuilt freeway. Due to the heavy use of this route by commuters and through traffic, the MDTA has begun the process of significantly expanding the highway to increase its capacity. The expansion plans are divided into short, individual sections; in 2001, the MDTA began public studies to determine the best way to expand the highway to meet current and future needs. After four years of study,
14874-413: The southern I-695 interchange) and the northern Baltimore city line, the route is maintained entirely by the MDTA. Maryland state highway police force and the authority's own police force share police duties on this segment. Additionally, the city of Baltimore pays the MDTA to maintain I-95 within the city limits. I-95 has at least four incomplete interchanges along its route, with three located within
15008-529: The state, the most of any state along the I-95 corridor. Portions of the highway, including the Fort McHenry Tunnel and the Millard E. Tydings Memorial Bridge , are tolled . From the Woodrow Wilson Bridge to the community of College Park , it follows a portion of the Capital Beltway , completed in 1964 and numbered as I-95 in 1977. Prior to 1977, the route was intended to go on a new highway through Washington, D.C.; however, public opposition caused
15142-481: The stretch had high-mast lighting (with mercury vapor lights ), but, beginning in 2010, these were replaced with lower-mounted conventional streetlights. However, the MD 200 and southern I-895 interchanges (which opened in 1973 as part of an extension from its original terminus at US 1) now have high-mast lights (with high-pressure sodium lights, same as those within Baltimore), and new LED high-masts replaced
15276-560: The system. Some of these such as the Connecticut Turnpike and the Richmond–Petersburg Turnpike later removed their tolls when the initial bonds were paid off. Many states, however, have maintained the tolling of these roads as a consistent source of revenue. As the Interstate Highway System approached completion during the 1980s, states began constructing toll roads again to provide new freeways which were not part of
15410-561: The then-unnumbered Harbor Tunnel Thruway, a partial interchange was constructed for I-95 to continue south into Baltimore. However, this meant that I-95 had to enter from and exit to the right, as evidenced by a southbound flyover ramp; a construction project corrected the problem in 2009 so that I-95 would proceed straight through the interchange. Express toll lanes were built from the I-895 merge in northern Baltimore to just north of MD 43. The lanes opened Saturday, December 6, 2014, after more than eight years of construction. Construction of
15544-478: The toll plaza, I-95 encounters the Boston Street / O'Donnell Street interchange, which also incorporates stubs and other unused infrastructure planned to be used for the southern terminus of I-83 ; I-95 also passes over I-895 within the interchange area, with no access between the two routes, then runs into east Baltimore, providing local access to various city streets (a northbound-only exit to Dundalk Avenue and
15678-515: The toll, and the cost of the toll booth operators—up to about one-third of revenue in some cases. Automated toll-paying systems help minimise both of these. Others object to paying "twice" for the same road, namely in fuel taxes and in tolls. In addition to toll roads, toll bridges and toll tunnels are also used by public authorities to generate funds to repay the cost of building the structures. Some tolls are set aside to pay for future maintenance or enhancement of infrastructure, or are applied as
15812-582: The tolls. The toll is calculated by the distance travelled on the toll road or the specific exit chosen. In the United States, for instance, the Kansas Turnpike , Ohio Turnpike , New Jersey Turnpike , most of the Indiana Toll Road , New York State Thruway , and Florida's Turnpike currently implement closed systems. The Union Toll Plaza on the Garden State Parkway was the first ever to use an automated toll collection machine. A plaque commemorating
15946-408: The transition from the I-95 corridor and the Capital Beltway without requiring the use of exit ramps. Today, all parts of the interchange are in regular use. The southern end of the interchange now serves as a park and ride commuter lot. The other three interchanges are located in the city of Baltimore, a sign of the many successful freeway revolts that accompanied the construction of the 3-A System:
16080-422: The two routes interchange with Maryland Route 210 (MD 210), a major north–south route into southern D.C. The two Interstates continue along the Capital Beltway and have interchanges with various local highways such as MD 5 (Branch Avenue) and MD 4 ( Pennsylvania Avenue ) on either side of Andrews Air Force Base , which the beltway travels very close to near its northern edge. Turning north past
16214-496: The unbuilt interchange, stands as a more visible sign of what was planned. Today, exit 50 connects US 1 Alt. to I-95. The second is located near exit 57, just to the north of the Fort McHenry Tunnel , and is the site of the planned southern terminus of I-83. Like I-70's terminus, the remnants here consist mainly of ramp stubs and unused bridges. This interchange, like exit 50, also serves Boston Street and O'Donnell Street , and also narrowed to six lanes within
16348-425: The user deposits money in a machine which opens the gate once the correct toll has been paid. To cut costs and minimise time delay, many tolls are collected with electronic toll collection equipment which automatically communicates with a toll payer's transponder or uses automatic number-plate recognition to charge drivers by debiting their accounts. Criticisms of toll roads include the time taken to stop and pay
16482-718: Was assassinated in Dallas . As a result, both the Northeast Expressway and Delaware Turnpike were renamed the John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway in his honor in December 1963. Between 1963 and 1993, the John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway was a tolled facility for the entire length of the roadway in both directions. The mainline toll plaza is situated just north of the Millard E. Tydings Memorial Bridge in Perryville . The southbound toll plaza
16616-477: Was also universally disliked. By 1969, the design concept team, a multidiscipline group assembled in 1966 by the city government to help design freeway routings that would not disrupt the city's fabric, the 10-D System had been replaced by the Baltimore 3-A Interstate and Boulevard System . In the 3-A system, I-95 was shifted south onto the Locust Point peninsula and eventually constructed there. Originally, I-95
16750-414: Was begun in 2006, and is underway; as of 2022 , several miles of express toll lanes have been added to I-95 north of Baltimore, with further widening of the roadway planned through to the Delaware state line. I-95 enters the state of Maryland concurrently with I-495 , the Capital Beltway. From Alexandria, Virginia , the roadways, five lanes in either direction, travel together over the Potomac River on
16884-457: Was built to provide a robust transport link between Britain and Ireland and had a toll house every few miles. In the 20th century, road tolls were introduced in Europe to finance the construction of motorway networks and specific transport infrastructure such as bridges and tunnels. Italy was the first country in the world to build motorways reserved for fast traffic and for motor vehicles only. The Autostrada dei Laghi ("Lakes Motorway"),
17018-780: Was exceptional in creating a largely new route beyond Shrewsbury , and especially beyond Llangollen . Built in the early 19th century, with many toll booths along its length, most of it is now the A5 . In the modern day, one major toll road is the M6 Toll , relieving traffic congestion on the M6 in Birmingham. A few notable bridges and tunnels continue as toll roads including the Dartford Crossing and Mersey Gateway bridge. Some cities in Canada had toll roads in
17152-451: Was implemented on the WHSD. The system was designed for automatic calculation of the driving distance of a vehicle equipped with a transponder. The system does not require constructing toll plazas at each entrance to or exit from the highway. Transponders mounted on vehicles are read by signal receivers installed at the entrance and exit ramps. In Italy the only toll roads are the autostrade (Italian for motorways ). Major exceptions are
17286-458: Was improved, with the interchange improvement project completed in 2009. The segment between mileposts 70 and 79 is currently being widened to a 4-2-4 configuration, which will extend the current northbound express lanes to just south of MD 543. The MD 152 and MD 24 interchanges will be reconstructed along with multiple overpasses and underpasses. The reconstruction of the MD 152 interchange had demolished
17420-416: Was introduced across Italy. Several US states now use mobile tolling platforms to facilitate use of payment via smartphones. Highway 407 in the province of Ontario , Canada, has no toll booths, and instead reads a transponder mounted on the windshields of each vehicle using the road (the rear licence plates of vehicles lacking a transponder are photographed when they enter and exit the highway). This made
17554-647: Was planned to cross the Patapsco River on a 180-foot-high (55 m) bridge, but opposition to this crossing brought forth the Fort McHenry Tunnel, which made up the last part of I-95 to be completed within the city limits. I-70N would have run through Gwynns Falls/Leakin Park to terminate at I-95 near US 1 Alt. (with the I-170 spur serving the areas to the immediate west of the CBD, where it would terminate), while I-83
17688-439: Was removed in 1991, but tolls are still collected for northbound traffic over the Millard E. Tydings Memorial Bridge at this location. Additionally, ramp tolls were collected at many of the interchanges until they were abolished by an act of the legislature in 1981. The highway and bridge are maintained by the MDTA. Exits on the John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway were originally numbered consecutively , beginning with exit 1. As
17822-529: Was shifted to a new alignment and planned to terminate at I-95 north of the Patapsco River . I-395 was also brought into existence under this plan; it was planned as a freeway spur from I-95 to the south edge of the CBD, connecting to a new route named City Boulevard (now known as Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard ). The 3-A System's result was that I-95 would act as a bypass of the CBD, with I-395 providing direct access. The first portion of I-95 in Baltimore
17956-516: Was the southern 0.6 miles (0.97 km) of the John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway, completed in 1963. By 1971, I-95 had entered Baltimore proper when it was completed between the Capital and Baltimore beltways; beyond the southern I-695 interchange, the highway came to a dead halt at US 1 Alt. By 1974, I-95 was under construction in East Baltimore between its current merge with I-895 south to
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