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36-645: In 1945, the village lands encompassed 10,417 dunams. Edward Henry Palmer in 1881 thought that the name meant "the place or sect of Jesus (called 'Isa in Arabic)." A burial cave, with pottery dating to the Early Roman period (first century CE), has been found at Issawiya. Two burial chambers were documented in 2003, one dating to the Roman period, the other to the Byzantine era (sixth–eighth centuries CE). A burial cave with

72-606: A 4 line inscription in Greek have been examined, the inscription ascribes the tomb to the daughters of the Kyros family. Issawiya, like the rest of Palestine, was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517, and in the 1560s the revenues of al- Issawiya were designated for the waqf of Hasseki Sultan Imaret in Jerusalem, established by Hasseki Hurrem Sultan ( Roxelana ), wife of Suleiman

108-488: A construction-waste and dirt landfill. B'tselem has claimed that since the beginning of the occupation Israel has taken 90% of Isawiya's land, using a variety of devices from outright expropriation, declaring areas “state land” to military seizure. According to ARIJ , Issawiya had 1,212 dunums of land confiscated by Israel in order to construct various Israeli settlements and expand the Hebrew University : Issawiya

144-588: A population of 1,300. It was located at this time within the Mount Scopus demilitarized zone, an unsupervised demilitarized zone between Jordan and Israel. Issawiya has been occupied by Israel since the Six-Day War in 1967. In that year Israel expropriated approximately one quarter of Isawiya's lands (2,230 dunams). In January 1968 it appropriated a further 600 dunams. In 1975, 2,900 dunams of Issawiya land not annexed to Jerusalem were also expropriated as part of

180-469: A population of 178, (or 78), in 29 houses, though the population count included only men. In 1883, the Palestine Exploration Fund 's Survey of Western Palestine described El Aisawiyeh as a "small village on the eastern slope of the chain of Olivet, with a spring to the south and a few olives round it." Another source states the locals grew vegetables, which were sold in Jerusalem. In 1896

216-461: A second term, citing claims regarding the Authority's conservation policies during his first term, but the government approved the appointment nonetheless. In 2011, Minister of Environmental Protection Gilad Erdan sought to depose Amitay, claiming that he is acting against public interest. As a result, Amitay retired a year earlier than planned. In December of the same year, Shaul Goldstein, head of

252-521: A synthetic turf soccer field in Issawiya as part of the Twinned Peace Soccer School project. The soccer field was a priority in 1993 during Teddy Kollek 's election year and had been allocated funding at the time, but was finally built with South Korean funding. As of May 2020, for over a year, Special Patrol Unit and Border Police forces regularly enter the neighborhood; "It is evident that

288-696: Is an Israeli government organization that manages nature reserves and national parks in Israel , the Golan Heights and parts of the West Bank . The organization was founded in April 1998, merging two organizations (The National Parks Authority and the Nature Reserves Authority) that had managed the nature reserves and national parks separately since 1964. The director of the Authority is Raya Shurki. The symbol of

324-541: Is located at the foot of French Hill , northwest of the road to Ma'ale Adumim . Under the jurisdiction of the Jerusalem Municipality, its citizens are considered permanent residents of the city, entitled to live and work in Israel without special permits. As permanent residents, they are also entitled to social benefits provided by Bituah Leumi (Israeli National Insurance Institute) and Israeli health insurance . It

360-477: Is one of the poorest Jerusalem neighbourhoods. According to B'tselem, citing community leaders, the population is some 22,000 people while planners commissioned by the municipality and the local leadership say there are 3,700 to 4,000 apartments. The average population density is 25 people per dunam, almost three times the 8.9 in French Hill and 3.5 times the average population density in Jerusalem. Again, according to

396-411: Is that land may belong to as many as ten clans. The land would need to be unified and then divided between all residents who claim ownership..Israeli municipal data in 2015 calculated that Issawiya had 1,840 apartments, while a joint planning commission set the current figure (2020) at 3,700-4,000. According to the local mukhtar , 800 students in al-Issawiya lack classrooms. This has caused strikes among

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432-486: The Gush Etzion Regional Council was appointed as CEO by a government committee. In October 2017, the Authority came under public criticism when a visitor to Avshalom Cave observed that none of the instructional material in the cave contained an estimate of its age, and a local guide claimed that this was due to pressure by the ultra-Orthodox population, which was later confirmed by media outlets. After

468-459: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem coordinates educational work with youth in Issawiya. Palestinian-Israeli students at the university undergo a training seminar that provides them with the requisite teaching and facilitation skills. Some residents of the neighborhood work at Hadassah Medical Center, located on a hill overlooking the neighborhood. In 2005, the Peres Center for Peace inaugurated

504-420: The Authority oversaw only 69 national parks and 190 nature reserves - a doubling of reserves in only 8 years. All parks and nature reserves are divided into six regions: The Israel Nature and Parks Authority has led significant efforts to protect the endangered griffon vulture population, particularly through the "Under Our Wing" project, which focuses on breeding vultures in captivity and releasing them into

540-831: The English bar in 1874. Early in 1882, Palmer was asked by the government to go to the East and assist the Egyptian expedition by his influence over the Arabs of the El-Tih desert (for definition see here ). He was instructed, apparently, to prevent the Arab sheikhs from joining the Egyptian rebels and to secure their non-interference with the Suez Canal . He went to Gaza without an escort; made his way safely through

576-501: The Israel Nature and Parks Authority is the ibex , a mountain goat similar to the antelope. One of the missions of the Israel Nature and Parks Authority is enforcing Israeli wildlife protection laws. As of 2015, the Israel Nature and Parks Authority was the overseer of 400 nature reserves and 81 national parks, covering over 20 percent of Israel’s land mass. The coverage of the Authority has grown fairly rapidly. For example, in 2007

612-644: The Magnificent . In the 1596 tax registers it appeared as Isawiyya, in the Nahiya of Quds of the Liwa of Quds , with a population of 35 households and 3 bachelors, all Muslim . The villages paid a fixed tax-rate of 33.3% on wheat, barley, olive trees, vineyards, fruit trees, goats and beehives; a total of 6,940 akçe . In 1838 it was noted as "a little village", located in the el Wadiyeh region, east of Jerusalem. An Ottoman village list from about 1870 found that Issawiya had

648-585: The Protection of Nature in Israel has criticized decisions of the Nature and Parks Authority's policies on several occasions, claiming that they have harmed nature reserves in various ways. Let the Animals Live  [ he ] organization has also claimed that the Authority was harming animals. In 2007, scientists and nature conservation organizations opposed the extension of CEO Eli Amitay's appointment for

684-643: The acquaintance of Sir Richard Burton , then consul there, he returned to England in 1870 by way of Constantinople and Vienna . At Vienna he met Arminius Vambéry . The results of this expedition appeared in the Desert of the Exodus (1871); in a report published in the journal of the Palestine Exploration Fund (1871); and in an article on the "Secret Sects of Syria " in the Quarterly Review (1873). In

720-454: The close of the year 1871 he became Lord Almoner's Professor of Arabic at Cambridge University , married, and settled down to teaching. His salary was small, and his affairs were further complicated by his wife's long illness, who died in 1878. In 1881, two years after his second marriage, he left Cambridge and joined the staff of the Standard to write on non-political subjects. He was called to

756-442: The damaged ecosystem. These include planting native trees, creating firebreaks, and clearing debris to prevent future fires. Volunteers from Israel and around the world helped replant thousands of trees, while experts are monitoring long-term ecological impacts to ensure the forest's health and resilience. The project has made significant strides in rehabilitating the region and reducing the risk of future wildfires. The Society for

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792-582: The demilitarised zone and authorized the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization to settle disputes between Israel and Jordan. One area of conflict involved two Jewish-owned plots in Issawiya, known as Gan Shlomit or Salomons Garden, which were purchased by V.F. Salomons in 1934 and sold to the Gan Shlomit Company, Ltd. in 1937. In 1961, the population was 1,163, according to a Jordanian census. In 1964, Issawiya had

828-661: The desert to Suez, an exploit of singular boldness; and was highly successful in his negotiations with the Bedouin. He was appointed interpreter-in-chief to the force in Egypt, and from Suez he was again sent into the desert with Captain William Gill and Flag-Lieutenant Harold Charrington to procure camels and gain the allegiance of the sheikhs by considerable presents of money. On this journey he and his companions were led into an ambush and murdered (August 1882). Their remains, recovered after

864-471: The development of Ma'ale Adumim . Some 100 dunams were then confiscated in 1982 to build route 1. From the mid eighties to the early 2000s Israel also reclassified another 3,800 dunams of Issawiya land not under cultivation as Israeli state land , and, in 2002 seized another 45 dunams to establish the Metzudat Adumim Border Police base, a measure which blocked Issawiya residents from accessing

900-553: The little arable land left to them. By 2020, a development plan for an interchange near the eastern entrance to the village foresaw a prohibition on Issawiya residents from using a further 90 dunams. The Israel Nature and Parks Authority , together with the Jerusalem Municipal Council plans also to expropriate approximately a further 900 dunams, 450 for the Mount Scopus Slopes National Park and 450 for

936-619: The police are not responding to disturbances in the neighborhood, on the contrary. The incursions spark the disturbance and there is compelling evidence that this is precisely the purpose of the nightly raids…" according to FMEP. Given the purpose, intensity and modality of these operations, they may amount to collective punishment according to human rights organizations. 31°47′55″N 35°14′54″E  /  31.79861°N 35.24833°E  / 31.79861; 35.24833 Edward Henry Palmer Edward Henry Palmer (7 August 1840 – 10 August 1882), known as E. H. Palmer ,

972-715: The population was estimated to be about 210 persons. In the 1922 census of Palestine , conducted by the British Mandate authorities , 'Isawiyeh had a population of 333, all Muslims, increasing in the 1931 census to a population of 558; 7 Christians and the rest Muslim, occupying 117 houses. In the 1945 statistics the population of Issawiya was 730; 720 Muslims and 10 Christians, who owned 10,108 dunams of land while 235 dunams had Jewish owners, according to an official land and population survey. 3,291 dunams were used for cereals, while 47 dunams were built-up (urban) land. The Mount Scopus Agreement signed on July 7, 1948, regulated

1008-456: The same NGO, since April 2019, Issawiya has been subject to an ongoing campaign of harassment and collective punishment. By 2020, Israeli authorities had issued 136 pending demolition orders for homes in the neighborhood. Under Jordanian rule, land in Issawiya was registered under the owner's name, but registration stopped in 1967. Residents who apply for building permits are frequently turned down because ownership cannot be proven. Another problem

1044-457: The students and protests among community leaders and parents. According to the Association for Civil Rights in Israel , the difference in schooling-standard between East and West Jerusalem is "staggering". A girls' school in al-Issawiya is one of five elementary schools in the Jerusalem area that teach philosophy to third-graders as part of a program operating in 70 countries. A project sponsored by

1080-508: The survey of Sinai Peninsula undertaken by the Palestine Exploration Fund . He followed up this work in the next year by exploring the desert of El-Tih in company with Charles Francis Tyrwhitt-Drake . They completed this journey on foot and without escort, making friends among the Bedouin , to whom Palmer was known as Abdallah Effendi. After a visit to the Lebanon and to Damascus , where he made

1116-648: The war by the efforts of Sir Charles (then Colonel) Warren , now lie in St Paul's Cathedral . According to the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition , "Palmer's highest qualities appeared in his travels, especially in the heroic adventures of his last journeys. His brilliant scholarship is displayed rather in the works he wrote in Persian and other Eastern languages than in his English books, which were generally written under pressure. His scholarship

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1152-510: The wild. The project also sets up feeding stations to help vultures avoid poisoned carcasses, a major threat. These initiatives, alongside actions to prevent intentional poisoning by farmers, have contributed to the recovery of the griffon vulture population in Israel, a critical species for the region's ecosystem. In the wake of the devastating Carmel Forest fire of 2010 , the Israel Nature and Parks Authority, along with Jewish National Fund , launched large-scale reforestation efforts to restore

1188-503: Was an English orientalist and explorer. Palmer was born in Green Street, Cambridge , the son of a private schoolmaster. He was orphaned at an early age and brought up by an aunt. He was educated at The Perse School , and as a schoolboy showed the characteristic bent of his mind by picking up the Romani language and a great familiarity with the life of the Romani people . From school he

1224-572: Was elected a fellow on account of his attainments as an orientalist, especially in Persian and Hindustani. During his residence at St John's he catalogued the Persian, Arabic and Turkish manuscripts in the university library and the libraries of King's and Trinity . In 1867 he published a treatise on Oriental mysticism based on the Maqsad-i-aqsa of Aziz ad-Din Nasafi . He was engaged in 1869 to join

1260-607: Was sent to London as a clerk in the city. Palmer disliked this life, and varied it by learning French and Italian , mainly by frequenting the society of foreigners wherever he could find it. In 1859 he returned to Cambridge, almost dying of tuberculosis . He made a miraculous recovery, and in 1860, while he was thinking of a new start in life, fell in with Sayyid Abdallah, teacher of Hindustani at Cambridge, under whose influence he began his Oriental studies. He matriculated at St John's College, Cambridge in November 1863, and in 1867

1296-884: Was wholly Eastern in character, and lacked the critical qualities of the modern school of Oriental learning in Europe. All his works show a great linguistic range and very versatile talent; but he left no permanent literary monument worthy of his powers." His chief writings are He was also an editor of Name Lists of the Palestine Exploration . Several articles in the Encyclopædia Britannica , 9th edition (1875–89) and 10th edition (1902–03), including on Firdowsi , Hafiz , Ibn Khaldun and Legerdemain . Israel Nature and Parks Authority The Israel Nature and Parks Authority ( Hebrew : רשות הטבע והגנים , Rashut Hateva Vehaganim ; Arabic : سلطة الطبيعة والحدائق )

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