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70-711: In 1873, as now, Dublin University comprised a single college, Trinity College , which was founded in 1592. Admission had been restricted to members of the established Anglican Church of Ireland till the Catholic Relief Act 1793 . The Irish Church Act 1869 disestablished the church, but scholars , fellows and professors of the college were still required to be Anglicans. The secular Queen's University of Ireland had been founded in 1845–50 with colleges in Belfast , Cork , and Galway . Lacking government recognition were

140-504: A writ of mandamus requiring the case to be adjudicated by the Archbishop of Dublin and the Primate of Ireland . The decision of Richard Whately and John George de la Poer Beresford was that Heron would remain excluded from Scholarship. This decision confirmed that persons who were not Anglicans (Presbyterians were also affected) could not be elected to Scholarship or Fellowship or be made

210-877: A graduate of either Oxford, Cambridge or Dublin can be conferred the equivalent degree ( Oxon, Cantab et Dubl ) at either of the other two without further examination. The Library of Trinity College is a legal deposit for Ireland and the United Kingdom . It is the largest library in the country and has housed the Book of Kells since 1661 and the Brian Boru harp since 1782. The university has produced many eminent poets, playwrights, authors, novelists and filmmakers, including Oscar Wilde ( The Happy Prince ) , Jonathan Swift ( Gulliver's Travels ) , Sheridan Le Fanu ( Carmilla ) , Bram Stoker ( Dracula ) , Oliver Goldsmith ( The Vicar of Wakefield ) , William Congreve ( The Way of

280-684: A herb garden on the main campus, is located in Dartry , around four kilometres south of the main campus, and it also owns a large set of residences on the Dartry Road , in Rathmines , called Trinity Hall . A new physic or herb garden was opened in 2011, and there are also small gardens in the space known as Botany Bay and at the rear of the Provost's House. In November 2018, Trinity announced plans, estimated at €230 million, to develop university research facilities on

350-605: A matter of controversy, given George Berkeley 's history as a slave trader, leading to a petition for renaming from the Students Union. In August 2022, incoming Student Union President Gabi Fullam announced that the Students Union would refer to the library as the "X Library" in all official communications pending renaming. In April 2023, Trinity College announced that it would dename the Berkeley Library, and in October 2024 it

420-535: A mixture of terminology, e.g., Harvard University has a Faculty of Arts and Sciences and a Law School . The medieval University of Bologna , which served as a model for most of the later medieval universities in Europe, had four faculties: students began at the Faculty of Arts, graduates from which could then continue at the higher Faculties of Theology , Law , and Medicine . The privilege to establish these four faculties

490-559: A new university, which on account of Trinity College would be part Anglican. Ultimately this episode led to the creation of the National University of Ireland . Trinity College was one of the targets of the Volunteer and Citizen Army forces during the 1916 Easter Rising but was successfully defended by a small number of unionist students, most of whom were members of the university Officers' Training Corps . From July 1917 to March 1918

560-459: A number of buildings nearby in central Dublin, as well as an enterprise centre near Ringsend and a botanic garden in Dartry . Patrick Wyse Jackson, curator of the Geological Museum at Trinity, assessed the architectural merits of the entrance and entry buildings in 1993: "The imposing entrance to Trinity College, consisting of a central area flanked by two square pavilions, was built in

630-470: A period, graduation required the taking of an oath that was objectionable to them. In 1793, this requirement was removed but certain restrictions on membership of the college remained, as professorships, fellowships and scholarships were reserved for Protestants. During the 18th century, Trinity College was seen as the university of the Protestant Ascendancy . The Parliament of Ireland , meeting on

700-424: A professor. But within three decades of this, all disabilities imposed on Catholics were repealed. In 1873, all religious tests, except for those relating to entry to the divinity school , were abolished by an Act of Parliament. Just prior to the full repeal of limitations on Catholic attendance, in 1871, Irish Catholic bishops, responding to the increased ease with which Catholics could attend an institution which

770-654: A site in Grand Canal Dock as part of an "Innovation District" for the area. These plans were later scaled back. In addition to College Park, Botany Bay and other on-campus facilities, the college also owns sports grounds in Santry and Crumlin, and a boathouse in Islandbridge. Trinity is governed in accordance with amended versions of the Letters Patent of Elizabeth I, as well as various other statutes. On several occasions

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840-426: A tranquil collegiate atmosphere despite its location in the centre of a capital city (and despite its being one of Dublin's most prominent tourist attractions). This is, in large part, due to the enclosed and compact design of the college, with the main buildings looking inwards, largely arranged in quadrangles (called squares), and the existence of only a few public entrances. In addition to the core campus, Trinity owns

910-551: A visitor programme. In 2021, Linda Doyle was elected the first woman provost, succeeding Patrick Prendergast. In 2024 students set up an encampment outside the Book of Kells Museum regarding the university's ties to Israel. After five nights of protests, the administration declared that it would not renew its business relationships with Israeli companies, and the last contract will expire in March 2025. The main site of Trinity College retains

980-648: Is a legal deposit library (as per Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003 ) for the United Kingdom, and has a similar standing in Irish law. The college is therefore legally entitled to a copy of every book published in Great Britain and Ireland, and consequently receives over 100,000 new items every year. The library contains about five million books, including 30,000 current serials and significant collections of manuscripts, maps, and printed music. Three million books are held in

1050-551: Is a university faculty teaching law, or a law school faculty. Examples include: A Faculty of Management Studies is a university division teaching management studies . Examples include: In English-speaking academia, Faculty of Music normally refers to a university department, especially at Oxford and Cambridge (UK). In the US, the use of 'faculty' often relates to academic and teaching staff. Examples include: Faculty of Natural Sciences examples include A Faculty of Philosophy

1120-426: Is a university faculty that can teach a range of disciplines which can include nursing and midwifery , public health , health services management and sports science . Examples include: A Faculty of Humanities is a university faculty teaching humanities . Examples include: A Faculty of Information Technology is a university faculty teaching information technology . Examples include: A Faculty of Law

1190-653: Is dominated by the identical Corinthian fronts, in Leinster Granite and Portland Stone, of the Chapel on the left and the Examination Hall on the right. Further into the square on the left-hand side is the Dining Hall, restored after a fire in 1984. For reasons unknown, until 1870 the clock in the portico was set fifteen minutes after Dublin time." The main college grounds are approximately 190,000 m (47 acres), including

1260-574: Is older, featuring the Campanile , as well as many fine buildings, including the Chapel and Examination Hall (designed by Sir William Chambers ), Graduates Memorial Building , Museum Building , and the Rubrics (the sole surviving section of the original 17th-century quadrangle), all spread across the college's five squares. The Provost's House sits a little way up from the College Front Gate such that

1330-609: Is the sole constituent college of the University of Dublin , Ireland . Founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I who issued a royal charter on the advice of the Lord Chancellor of Ireland Adam Loftus , it is Ireland's oldest university and was modelled after the collegiate universities of both Oxford and Cambridge , with whom it shares a symbiotic history. The epithets "Trinity College Dublin" and "University of Dublin" are usually considered as synonyms, as only one such college

1400-589: The Irish Times that certain state-funded County Council scholarships excluded Trinity College from the list of approved institutions. This, he suggested, amounted to religious discrimination, which was forbidden by the Constitution. It has been said of the period before Éire left the Commonwealth that "The overwhelming majority of the undergraduates were ex-unionists or, if from Northern Ireland, unionists. Loyalty to

1470-636: The Catholic University of Ireland founded in Dublin in 1851 and the Presbyterian Magee College founded in Derry in 1865. The 1873 bill proposed to abolish the failing Galway college and make all the other colleges of an expanded Dublin University. All religious requirements for students and faculty in all colleges would be abolished. Trinity College's Theology faculty would be detached and removed to

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1540-674: The Chief Secretary for Ireland proposed the reconstitution of the University of Dublin . A "Dublin University Defence Committee" was created and successfully campaigned against any change to the status quo, while the Catholic bishops' rejection of the idea ensured its failure among the Catholic population. Chief among the bishops' concerns was the remains of the Catholic University of Ireland, which would become subsumed into

1610-626: The Irish Convention met in the college in an attempt to address the political aftermath of the Easter Rising. (Subsequently, following the failure of the Convention to reach "substantial agreement", the Irish Free State was set up in 1922.) In the post-independence period, Trinity College suffered from a cool relationship with the new state. On 3 May 1955, the provost, A.J. McConnell, wrote in

1680-697: The Lecky Library, attached to the Arts building; and the Ussher Library, which, opening in 2003, overlooks College Park and houses the Glucksman Map Library. The Glucksman Library contains half a million printed maps, the largest collection of cartographic materials in Ireland. This includes the first Ordnance Surveys of Ireland, conducted in the early 19th century. The name of the Berkeley Library recently became

1750-531: The Reformation . After that, and some debate about a new university at St. Patrick's Cathedral, in 1592 a small group of Dublin citizens obtained a charter by way of letters patent from Queen Elizabeth incorporating Trinity College at the former site of the disbanded Augustinian Priory of All Hallows , immediately southeast of the city walls, provided by the Corporation of Dublin . The college's first provost

1820-425: The undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Admissions to the college are based exclusively on academic merit, with its courses in law, literature and humanities being highly selective. Trinity College Dublin is one of the seven ancient universities of Great Britain and Ireland, and it is a sister college to both St John's College, Cambridge , and Oriel College, Oxford . By incorporation ( Ad eundem ) ,

1890-448: The 1750s of Leinster Granite from Golden Hill, Co Wicklow, and Portland Stone was used for the architraves , swags , and Corinthian pilasters and half-columns... The masonry cost £27,000. Between 1990 and 1992 the central portion of the building was cleaned. Passing through the gateway one walks over a wooden floor of interlocking hexagonal setts (similar in pattern to the basaltic Giant's Causeway ), and into Parliament Square, which

1960-626: The 1950s, at the height of Archbishop McQuaid's efforts In 1944 Archbishop of Dublin John Charles McQuaid required Catholics in the Dublin archdiocese to obtain a special dispensation before entering the university, under threat of automatic excommunication . The ban was extended nationally at the Plenary Synod of Maynooth in August 1956. Despite this sectarianism, 1958 saw the first Catholic reach

2030-538: The Board of Trinity as a Senior Fellow . In 1962 the School of Commerce and the School of Social Studies amalgamated to form the School of Business and Social Studies. In 1969 several schools and departments were grouped into Faculties as follows: Arts (Humanities and Letters); Business, Economic and Social Studies; Engineering and Systems Sciences; Health Sciences (since October 1977 all undergraduate teaching in dental science in

2100-650: The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin , is headed by the provost. Linda Doyle has been provost since August 2021. The terms " University of Dublin " and "Trinity College" are generally considered synonymous for all practical purposes. Trinity was originally founded using the model of the University of Oxford and University of Cambridge in England , which are collegiate universities that each comprise several quasi-independent colleges. In one sense,

2170-510: The Crown was instinctive and they were proud to be British subjects and Commonwealth citizens", and that "The College still clung, so far as circumstances permitted, to its pre-Treaty loyalties, symbolized by the flying of the Union Jack on suitable occasions and a universal wearing of poppies on Armistice Day, the chapel being packed for the two minutes' silence followed by a lusty rendering of 'God Save

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2240-508: The DIT obtained degree-granting powers of its own. The School of Pharmacy was established in 1977, and around the same time, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine was transferred to University College Dublin in exchange for its Dental School. Student numbers increased sharply during the 1980s and 1990s, with total enrolment more than doubling, leading to pressure on resources and a subsequent investment programme. In 1991, Thomas Noel Mitchell became

2310-624: The Dublin area has been in Trinity College); and Science. In the late 1960s, there was a proposal for University College Dublin , of the National University of Ireland, to become a constituent college of a newly reconstituted University of Dublin. This plan, suggested by Brian Lenihan and Donogh O'Malley , was dropped after officials of both universities opposed it. In 1970 the Catholic Church lifted its ban on Catholics attending

2380-467: The Faculty of Arts, while the degree of Doctor Philosophiae (Doctor of Philosophy) derives its name from the Faculty of Philosophy, German name of the same faculty. Whether called Faculty of Arts or Faculty of Philosophy , it taught a range of subjects with general and fundamental applicability. The higher Faculty of Law and Faculty of Medicine were intended, much like today, for specialized education required for professions. The Faculty of Theology

2450-684: The House is actually on Grafton Street , one of the two principal shopping streets in the city, while its garden faces into the college. The Douglas Hyde Gallery , a contemporary art gallery, is in the college, as is the Samuel Beckett Theatre. It hosts national and international performances and is used by the Dublin International Theatre Festival, the Dublin Dance Festival, and The Fringe Festival, among others. During

2520-628: The King...". "But by the close of the 1960s... Trinity, with the overwhelming majority of its undergraduate population coming from the Republic, to a great extent conformed to local patterns". The School of Commerce was established in 1925, and the School of Social Studies in 1934. Also in 1934, the first female professor was appointed. Young men may loot, perjure and shoot And even have carnal knowledge. But however depraved, their souls will be saved If they don't go to Trinity College. —verse popular in

2590-469: The Naughton Institute on the college's Pearse Street side, includes an Innovation and Entrepreneurial hub, a 600-seat auditorium, "smart classrooms" with digital technology, and an "executive education centre". The near-zero energy building provides a link between the city and the main University grounds. Trinity also incorporates a number of buildings and facilities spread throughout the city, from

2660-612: The Old Library receives 600,000 visitors per year, making it Dublin's third-most visited tourist destination. In the 18th century, the college received the Brian Boru harp , one of the three surviving medieval Gaelic harps, and a national symbol of Ireland, now housed in the library. The buildings known as the college's BLU ( B erkeley L ecky U ssher) Arts library complex consist of the Berkeley Library in Fellow's Square, built in 1956;

2730-587: The Queen's University of Ireland into the Royal University of Ireland and facilitated access to it for the Catholic and Presbyterian colleges. Trinity College and Dublin University were not affected. Trinity College, Dublin Trinity College Dublin ( Irish : Coláiste na Tríonóide, Bhaile Átha Cliath ), officially titled The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin ,

2800-711: The School of Divinity, was affected by the University of Dublin Tests Act 1873 (An Act to abolish Tests in Trinity College and the University of Dublin; 36 & 37 Vict. c. 22) introduced by Henry Fawcett and hence called "Fawcett's Act". Until 1970, the Irish Catholic hierarchy discouraged Catholics from attending the university. Under the Disraeli administration , the University Education (Ireland) Act 1879 altered

2870-479: The Trinity College Enterprise Centre some distance away, and buildings provide around 200,000 m of floor space, ranging from works of older architecture to more modern buildings. The college's main entrance is on College Green, and its grounds are bounded by Nassau and Pearse Streets. The college is bisected by College Park , which has both a cricket and a rugby pitch. The college's western side

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2940-551: The University of Dublin exists only as a degree-granting institution, with the college providing the education and research; Trinity College was the only college to ever be established within the university. Faculty (division) A faculty is a division within a university or college comprising one subject area or a group of related subject areas, possibly also delimited by level (e.g. undergraduate). In North America, academic divisions are sometimes titled colleges, schools, or departments, with universities occasionally using

3010-587: The World ) , Samuel Beckett ( Waiting for Godot ) , Sally Rooney ( Normal People ) , Eoin Colfer ( Artemis Fowl ) , William Trevor ( Felicia's Journey ) , J. P. Donleavy ( The Ginger Man ) , Thomas Moore ( Lalla Rookh ) , Nahum Tate ( The History of King Lear ) , David Benioff ( Troy ) and D.B. Weiss ( Game of Thrones ) . Alumni also include 4 Presidents of Ireland and 4 Nobel Laureates , as well as academics, mathematicians and philosophers who shaped

3080-478: The academic term, it is predominantly used as a teaching and performance space for drama students and staff. The college's eastern side is occupied by science buildings, most of which are modern developments, arranged in three rows instead of quadrangles. In 2010, Forbes ranked it one of the 15 most beautiful college grounds in the world. The current chapel was completed in 1798, and was designed by George III's architect, Sir William Chambers , who also designed

3150-618: The bishops saw as thoroughly Protestant in ethos, and in light of the establishment of the Catholic University of Ireland , implemented a general ban on Catholics entering Trinity College, with few exceptions. "The ban", despite its longevity, is associated in the popular mind with Archbishop of Dublin John Charles McQuaid , as he was made responsible for enforcing it from 1956 until the Catholic Bishops of Ireland rescinded it in 1970, shortly before McQuaid's retirement. Until 1956, it

3220-436: The book depository, "Stacks", in Santry , from which requests are retrieved twice daily. The Library proper comprises several buildings in the college. The original (Old) Library is Thomas Burgh's masterpiece. A huge building, it originally towered over the university and city after its completion. Even today, surrounded by similarly scaled buildings, it is imposing and dominates the view of the university from Nassau Street. It

3290-529: The college seeks to compete for funding at the global level. Comparative funding statistics reviewing the difference in departmental unit costs and overall costs before and after this restructuring are not apparent. The Hamilton Mathematics Institute in Trinity College, named in honour of William Rowan Hamilton , was launched in 2005 and aims to improve the international profile of Irish mathematics, to raise public awareness of mathematics and to support local mathematical research through workshops, conferences and

3360-403: The college without special dispensation. At the same time, Trinity College authorities invited the appointment of a Catholic chaplain to be based in the college. There are now two such Catholic chaplains. From 1975, the Colleges of Technology that now form the Dublin Institute of Technology had their degrees conferred by the University of Dublin. This arrangement was discontinued in 1998 when

3430-457: The college's Roman Catholic members. In addition to the Anglican chaplain, who is known as the Dean of Residence, there are two Roman Catholic chaplains and one Methodist chaplain. Ecumenical events are often held in the chapel, such as the annual carol service and the service of thanksgiving on Trinity Monday. The Library of Trinity College is Ireland's largest research library. As a result of its historic standing, Trinity College Library Dublin

3500-460: The control of the Church of Ireland. The proposal was strongly opposed by the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland , and partly opposed by the Presbyterians and the existing Trinity College faculty. It was defeated by three votes on its second reading in the House of Commons on 11 March 1873. This was one factor in the eventual fall of the government in 1874 . The abolition of the Anglican test oath for Dublin University and Trinity College, except in

3570-421: The endowments, considerable landed estates were secured and new fellowships were founded. The books which formed the foundation of the great library were acquired, a curriculum was devised and statutes were framed. Trinity was originally the university of the Protestant Ascendancy for much of its history, given the conditions for its establishment. While Catholics were admitted from the college's foundation, for

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3640-408: The equivalent change at the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford . Certain disabilities remained. In December 1845 Denis Caulfield Heron was the subject of a hearing at Trinity College. He had previously been examined and, on merit, declared a Scholar of the college, but had not been allowed to take up his place due to his Catholic religion. Heron appealed to the Courts, which issued

3710-455: The first Roman Catholic elected Provost of Trinity College. Trinity College is today in the centre of Dublin. At the beginning of the new century, it embarked on a radical overhaul of academic structures to reallocate funds and reduce administration costs, resulting in, for instance, the reduction from six to five to eventually three faculties under a subsequent restructuring. The ten-year strategic plan prioritises four research themes with which

3780-416: The following faculties: Faculty of Commerce examples include: Faculty of Economics ( Ekonomski fakultet in most South Slavic languages) may refer to, amongst others: Faculty of Education examples include: Faculty of Engineering examples include: The title, Faculty of Graduate Studies , refers not to a specific area of study, but to a graduate school . Examples include: A Faculty of Health

3850-499: The founding Letters Patent were amended by succeeding monarchs, such as James I in 1613 and most notably Charles I in 1637 - he increased the number of fellows from seven to 16, established the Board – then the Provost and the seven senior Fellows – and reduced the panel of Visitors in size. Further major changes were made in the reign of Queen Victoria, and more again by the Oireachtas , including in 2000. The college, officially incorporated as The Provost, Fellows and Scholars of

3920-458: The intellectual heritage of western Europe. Notable faculty and lecturers at the university included Humphrey Lloyd , J. B. Bury , Erwin Schrödinger and E. T. Whittaker . A medieval University of Dublin was founded in 1320 under a papal brief issued by Pope Clement V in 1311, and the university maintained an intermittent existence at St. Patrick's Cathedral over the following centuries, but it did not flourish and finally came to an end at

3990-436: The other side of College Green, made generous grants for building. The first building of this period was the Old Library, begun in 1712, followed by The Printing House and the Dining Hall. During the second half of the century, Parliament Square slowly emerged. The great building drive was completed in the early 19th century by Botany Bay, the square which derives its name in part from the herb garden it once contained (and which

4060-440: The politics and sociology departments on Dame Street to the Faculty of Health Sciences buildings, located at St. James's Hospital and Tallaght University Hospital . The Trinity Centre at St James's Hospital incorporates additional teaching rooms, as well as the Institute of Molecular Medicine and John Durkan Leukaemia Institute. The library has a large book depository in Santry. The college's botanic garden, which developed from

4130-404: The public theatre opposite the chapel on Parliament Square. Reflecting the college's Anglican heritage, there are daily services of Morning prayer , weekly services of Evensong , and Holy Communion is celebrated on Tuesdays and Sundays. It is no longer compulsory for students to attend these. The chapel has been ecumenical since 1970, and is now also used daily in the celebration of Mass for

4200-566: The teaching bodies of medieval universities (the others being Law , Medicine and Theology ), the Faculty of Arts was the lowest in rank but also the largest (the higher faculties admitted only Arts graduates). Instead of "Arts", this faculty often had the name " Philosophy ". Nowadays this is still a common name for faculties teaching humanities (e.g.,) Norwegian : Det filosofiske fakultet , Slovene : Filozofska fakulteta ). A Faculty of Classics may be focused on ancient history, culture and ancient literature. The title may refer to

4270-519: The traditional four faculties and through the absorption of academic disciplines that developed within originally vocational schools, in areas such as engineering or agriculture. A Faculty of Arts is a university division teaching in areas traditionally classified as "liberal arts" for academic purposes (from Latin liberalis , "worthy of a free person", and ars , "art or principled practice"), generally including creative arts , writing , philosophy , and humanities . A traditional division of

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4340-468: Was ever established in Ireland. The university was established to consolidate the rule of the Tudor monarchy in Ireland. Named after the Holy Trinity , it stands on the former grounds of the Augustinian Priory of All Hallows , and served as the principal university of the ruling Protestant Ascendancy elites for over two centuries. Academically, it is divided into three faculties comprising 23 schools, offering degree and diploma courses at both

4410-408: Was founded with the college and first endowed by James Ussher (1625–56), Archbishop of Armagh, who endowed his own valuable library, comprising several thousand printed books and manuscripts, to the college. The Book of Kells is by far the Library's most famous book and is in the Old Library, along with the Book of Durrow , the Book of Howth and other ancient texts. Also incorporating the Long Room,

4480-472: Was in a position to play its full part, with such teachers as Graves and Stokes, in the great age of Dublin medicine. The Engineering School was established in 1842 and was one of the first of its kind in Ireland and Britain. While Catholics were officially admitted from the foundation, graduation was complicated by the requirement of oaths. Following early steps in Catholic Emancipation , these oaths were removed, allowing Catholics to graduate in 1793, before

4550-478: Was renamed the Eavan Boland Library after the Irish poet Eavan Boland . The Library also includes the William Hamilton Science and Engineering Library and the John Stearne Medical Library, housed at St James's Hospital. The Trinity College Business School's building is in an €80 million construction project and was inaugurated on 23 May 2019 by the Taoiseach , Leo Varadkar , an alumnus of Trinity College School of Medicine. The six-storey building, adjoining

4620-416: Was succeeded by Trinity College's own Botanic Gardens). The 19th century was also marked by important developments in the professional schools. The law school was reorganized after the middle of the century. Medical teaching had been given in the college since 1711, but it was only after the establishment of the school on a firm basis by legislation in 1800, and under the inspiration of one Macartney, that it

4690-409: Was the Archbishop of Dublin , Adam Loftus (after whose former college at Cambridge the institution was named), and he was provided with two initial Fellows, James Hamilton and James Fullerton . Two years after the foundation, a few Fellows and students began to work in the new college, which then lay around one small square. During the 50 years following the foundation, the community increased

4760-454: Was the most prestigious, as well as least common in the first 500 years—and generally one that popes sought most to control. Although also a professional education for clergy, theology (until the Enlightenment) was also seen as the ultimate subject at universities, named "The Queen of the Sciences", and often set the example for the other faculties. The number of faculties has usually multiplied in modern universities, both through subdivisions of

4830-459: Was the responsibility of each local bishop. In April 1900, Queen Victoria visited College Green in Dublin. Women were admitted to Trinity College as full members for the first time in 1904. From 1904 to 1907, women from Oxford and Cambridge, who were admitted but not granted degrees, came to Trinity College to receive their ad eundem degree ; they were known as Steamboat ladies and the fees they paid helped to fund Trinity Hall . In 1907,

4900-488: Was usually part of medieval universities' charters, but not every university could do so in practice. The Faculty of Arts took its name from the seven liberal arts : the trivium ( grammar , rhetoric , dialectics ) and the quadrivium ( arithmetic , music , geometry and astronomy ). In German, Scandinavian, Slavic and related universities, it would more often be called the Faculty of Philosophy . The degree of Magister Artium (Master of Arts) derives its name from

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