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38-553: Inverness County is an historical county and census division of Nova Scotia , Canada located on Cape Breton Island . Local government is provided by the Municipality of the County of Inverness , the town of Port Hawkesbury and the Whycocomagh 2 Waycobah First Nation reserve. Established as the County of Juste au Corps in 1835, Inverness County was given its present name in 1837. It

76-414: A census division corresponds to a single unit of the appropriate type listed above. However, in a few cases, Statistics Canada groups two or more units into a single statistical division: In almost all such cases, the division in question was formerly a single unit of the standard type, which was divided into multiple units by its province after the 2001 Canadian census . A census consolidated subdivision

114-649: A defined geographic area called a municipality. According to Section 92(8) of the Constitution Act, 1867 , " In each Province the Legislature may exclusively make Laws in relation to … Municipal Institutions in the Province." There are about 3,700 municipal governments in Canada. Municipal governments are established under provincial/territorial authority. The powers granted to municipal governments are delegated by each of

152-484: A few projects in many cities, like major transit and roads. These funds come from a variety of federal programs like P3 Canada, where a private company/consortia does a percentage of a project, construction, operations, maintenance, financing and designing, the Building Canada Fund, where major projects can receive federal funds for a project. Unlike many US projects and cities, most projects only get approximately

190-676: A fixed date. Like many Canadian political institutions, the municipal government has its roots in the medieval system of government in England. Famously, the city of Winchester was given its charter in 1185, and the granting of freedoms became endorsed in Magna Carta , which was signed in 1215. The first formal municipality in Canada was the city of Saint John in New Brunswick , which received royal approval in 1785. For municipal government, this began an almost 50-year hiatus of receiving approval from

228-424: A former census subdivision, a former urban area, or a former designated place. It may also refer to neighbourhoods, post offices, communities and unincorporated places among other entities. Statistics Canada also aggregates data by federal electoral districts , one purpose for which is the redrawing of district boundaries every ten years. Federal electoral districts are numerically indexed; each district receives

266-445: A hierarchy of types of municipal governments, starting at the top with cities and continued down past towns, villages and finally townships. Changes to the boundaries of these new governments could be made by petitioning the provincial Municipal Board or by requesting a change through the legislature. By the early 20th century, Canada was deeply involved in a period of municipal reform. An attempt to distinguish municipal government from

304-432: A land area of 3,795.34 km (1,465.39 sq mi), it had a population density of 3.5/km (9.0/sq mi) in 2021. Population trend Native language (2011) Ethnic groups (2006) Census divisions of Canada The census geographic units of Canada are the census subdivisions defined and used by Canada's federal government statistics bureau Statistics Canada to conduct

342-536: A land area of 3,817.61 km (1,473.99 sq mi), it had a population density of 4.5/km (11.8/sq mi) in 2021. Forming the majority of the Inverness County census division, the Municipality of the County of Inverness, including its Subdivisions A, B, and C, had a population of 13,239 living in 5,989 of its 7,914 total private dwellings, a change of 0.5% from its 2016 population of 13,170 . With

380-920: A manner analogous to that in which Parliament and the provincial legislatures are accountable to the electorates." Therefore, while municipalities do not have independent constitutional status, they are considered a separate level of government. The organisation of local government is complex. For instance, in some provinces there are several tiers of local government: regional governments, county governments and municipal governments. There are also special service districts in some unincorporated areas. Municipal local governments take various forms including cities, towns and villages. There are also innumerable specific purpose authorities. In Ontario province alone there are at least 2000 of these bodies, including 'police commissions, health units, conservation authorities, public utilities commissions, parks boards and school boards.’ Schools are usually provided locally by school boards, with

418-404: A municipal government at all. Any government services in an unincorporated area are provided either by a local agency, such as a Local services board or local service district , or by the province itself. While many municipal governments have different functions to others (urban vs. rural, etc.), and vary from province to province, most of the services and functions they perform are effectively

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456-487: A municipal government is made up of one mayor (occasionally reeve or warden ) and a set number of councillors (occasionally alderman ). There are usually 10−20 councillors in one council; however, an exception to this is Montreal , with over 50 councillors. The councillors may represent districts called wards . In Canada, 83% of the municipal government revenue is raised through their own sources, and legally their accounts cannot go into deficit, safeguarding

494-540: A particular type of municipality, but this term is still considered inclusive of all local governments regardless of their status. The term "borough" was previously used in Metropolitan Toronto , Ontario , to denote suburban municipalities. The Borough of East York was the last municipality to hold this status, relinquishing it upon becoming part of the City of Toronto government on January 1, 1998. In Quebec , there

532-495: A population between 400 and 700 people. A "census metropolitan area" (CMA) is a grouping of census subdivisions comprising a large urban area (the "urban core") and those surrounding "urban fringes" with which it is closely integrated. To become a CMA, an area must register an urban core population of at least 100,000 at the previous census. CMA status is retained even if this core population later drops below 100,000. CMAs may cross census division and provincial boundaries, although

570-455: A quarter of their funds from the federal government, and they are not obligated to have a certain amount of the work done by Canadians or Canadian companies. Since each province is responsible for creating local governments in its own territory, the names, functions, and powers of local bodies vary widely across the country. Local governments generally have limited powers, namely creating local by-laws and taxation ( property tax ). Typically,

608-467: A single CSA were such an approach utilized. Statistics Canada has described the Greater Golden Horseshoe as the country's largest urban area . A "census agglomeration" (CA) is a smaller version of a CMA in which the urban core population at the previous census was greater than 10,000 but less than 100,000. If the population of an urban core is less than 50,000, it is the starting point for

646-656: A unique five-digit code, with the first two digits being the Standard Geographical Classification code for the province or territory in which the district is located. Municipal government in Canada The most prominent form of local government in Canada is municipal government , which is a local council authority which provides local services, facilities, safety and infrastructure for communities. Municipal governments are local general-purpose authorities which provide services to all residents within

684-697: Is a geographic unit between census division and census subdivision. It is a combination of adjacent census subdivisions typically consisting of larger, more rural census subdivisions and smaller, more densely populated census subdivisions. Census subdivisions generally correspond to the municipalities of Canada, as determined by provincial and territorial legislation. They can also correspond to area which are deemed to be equivalents to municipalities for statistical reporting purposes, such as Indian reserves , Indian settlements , and unorganized territories where municipal level government may not exist. Statistics Canada has created census subdivisions in cooperation with

722-475: Is a single municipal government covering an entire historical county including all formerly incorporated towns and cities within the county. Within the three regional municipalities, designations such as "city" and "town" exist only as informal signifiers for historically chartered towns and cities that used to exist prior to the establishment of the regional municipality. In Canada, the types of municipal government vary between provinces, although they all perform

760-645: Is no legal distinction between cities and towns – although an informal and subjective distinction may be observed by English speakers, legally all "cities" and "towns" in Quebec have the same status of ville . In Quebec , the term borough is generally used as the English translation of arrondissement , referring to an administrative division of a municipality. Only eight municipalities in Quebec are divided into boroughs. (See List of boroughs in Quebec .) Some areas in Canada are unincorporated , meaning that they do not have

798-421: Is usually a small community that does not meet the criteria used to define incorporated municipalities or urban areas (areas with a population of at least 1,000 and no fewer than 400 persons per square kilometre), but for which Statistics Canada or a provincial government has requested that similar demographic data be compiled. A " locality " (LOC) is a historical named location or place. The named location may be

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836-585: The Ottawa - Gatineau metropolitan area in Ontario and Quebec is the only one that currently crosses a provincial border. The methodology used by Statistics Canada does not allow for CMA-CMA mergers into larger statistical areas; consequently, there is no Canadian equivalent to the combined statistical areas of the United States. Statistics Canada has stated that Toronto , Oshawa and Hamilton could be merged into

874-461: The Provinces and territories of Canada according to governing legislation. Therefore, the legislation passed by municipalities has the status of subordinate legislation under provincial and territorial jurisdiction. However, rather than being "mere 'creatures of the provinces,'" municipal governments are "democratically elected by members of the general public and are accountable to their constituents in

912-469: The 'school trustees' being elected. In some provinces, several municipalities in a particular area are also part of an upper tier of municipal government, which provides more regionally oriented services. Depending on the province, this second tier may be called a county , regional municipality , regional district or regional county municipality . In Nova Scotia , three municipalities are designated as "regional municipalities". A regional municipality

950-461: The 1920s and the 1960s, the municipalities received increased funding from their provincial government parents. This was partly due to the Great Depression , but further discussion about reform reared its head in the 1970s. In many cities, the system of having a few very large wards encompassing many different walks of life was replaced with one ward for every area with different demographics; this

988-422: The 2011 census, urban area was renamed "population centre". In 2011, Statistics Canada identified 942 population centres in Canada. Some population centres cross municipal boundaries and not all municipalities contain a population centre while others have more than one. The population centre level of geography is further divided into the following three groupings based on population: A "designated place" (DPL)

1026-429: The construction of a 'census agglomeration'. CMAs and CAs with a population greater than 50,000 are subdivided into census tracts which have populations ranging from 2,500 to 8,000. A population centre (PC), formerly known as an urban area (UA), is any grouping of contiguous dissemination areas that has a minimum population of 1,000 and an average population density of 400 persons per square kilometre or greater. For

1064-519: The country's quinquennial census . These areas exist solely for the purposes of statistical analysis and presentation; they have no government of their own. They exist on four levels: the top-level (first-level) divisions are Canada's provinces and territories ; these are divided into second-level census divisions , which in turn are divided into third-level census subdivisions (often corresponding to municipalities ) and fourth-level dissemination areas . In some provinces, census divisions correspond to

1102-533: The government, ending in the 1830s when the issue was placed on the agenda once again. In 1835, the British parliament passed the Municipal Corporations Act , which specified how municipalities were to function and be elected. The ideas from this law were transferred to Canada by Lord Durham, who submitted a report to then- Governor General , Lord Sydenham . In late 1840 to early 1841, the governments of what

1140-492: The province's second-level administrative divisions such as a county or another similar unit of political organization. In the prairie provinces , census divisions do not correspond to the province's administrative divisions, but rather group multiple administrative divisions together. In Newfoundland and Labrador , the boundaries are chosen arbitrarily as no such level of government exists. Two of Canada's three territories are also divided into census divisions. In most cases,

1178-511: The provinces from unintentionally guaranteeing their municipal governments' debts. The majority of funding for Canadian municipal governments comes from property taxes . Additional funding sources include the sale of goods and services, fines and tax transfers from the provincial government. Due to the control that the provinces have over their municipal governments, terms that councillors serve vary from province to province. Unlike most provincial elections, municipal elections are usually held on

Inverness County, Nova Scotia - Misplaced Pages Continue

1216-446: The provinces of British Columbia, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Nova Scotia as equivalents for municipalities. The Indian reserve and Indian settlement census subdivisions are determined according to criteria established by Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada . Dissemination areas are the smallest standard geographic unit in Canada and cover the entire country. As small areas, they comprise one or more dissemination blocks and have

1254-438: The provincial legislature occurred, and the municipal governments were compared with a board of directors – this form of government was not for advancing a certain political party's view, it was for sitting down and running it 'like a business'. As such, the idea that a larger municipality should have more councillors was the same as having a large board of directors for a larger company, i.e., not functionally possible. Between

1292-549: The same functions. The general hierarchy was established in 1849 with the passing of the Municipal Corporations Act in United Canada . The largest municipalities are usually called cities , and their governments, city councils. Smaller governments are commonly called towns , villages , parishes , rural municipalities , townships or hamlets . Some may also be directly designated as municipalities rather than as

1330-604: The same. Functions of municipal governments can include: Most local governments are formed by a charter or act granted by the province or territory . Local governments are not mentioned in the Canadian Constitution other than to say they are the responsibility of the provinces. Consequently, municipalities can be created, amalgamated , or disbanded by the provincial government. Mayors frequently interact with their federal and provincial counterparts over areas of shared responsibility. The federal government does fund quite

1368-557: Was Canada at the time enacted various acts which established municipal government in all areas of the country. In 1849, the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada approved a Canadian version of the Municipal Corporations Act, often referred to as the Baldwin Act in honour of its creator, Robert Baldwin . It delegated authority to the municipal governments so they could raise taxes and enact by-laws . It also established

1406-413: Was divided by statute into three districts in 1823. In 1996, the county was amalgamated into a single municipality with the exception of Port Hawkesbury. As a census division in the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Inverness County had a population of 17,346 living in 7,693 of its 9,737 total private dwellings, a change of 0.6% from its 2016 population of 17,235 . With

1444-589: Was named after Sir Cameron Inverness of Scotland, the land from which many of the early settlers came. Agriculture and fishing dominated the economy with exports of butter and cattle to Newfoundland and Halifax for most of the nineteenth century. The construction of the Inverness and Richmond Railway in 1901, and the subsequent opening of coal mines at Port Hood, Mabou, and Inverness, created the "only home market" local farmers had ever had. The boundaries of Inverness County had been previously defined when Cape Breton Island

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