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26-789: The organization is highly decentralized, with about 300 staff working around the world with regional offices located in Central and South America, West and Central Africa, East and Southern Africa, Central and South Asia, and South-east Asia. In the summer of 2021 Bioversity International's office in Maccarese was moved to the Aventine Hill near the FAO in Rome, Italy and serves as the Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT's global headquarters. Bioversity International

52-632: A book that put the spotlight on the importance of agrobiodiversity as the foundation of our food supplies. Maccarese Maccarese is a locality in Lazio , Italy , in the Metropolitan City of Rome . Its administration is divided between the Municipalities of Rome ( Maccarese Nord ) and Fiumicino , of which it is a frazione . It was entirely part of the Municipality of Rome until 1993, when

78-476: A showcase of Italian agriculture. Starting in the 1950s, workforce redundancies and controversial management decisions led to a long downturn that lasted until 1998, when the company - which owned more than 45 km (17 sq mi) of agricultural land as well as the castle and other important buildings - was privatised and purchased by Edizione Holding of the Benetton brothers for 94 billion lire . In 1997

104-643: A single organization and subsequently changed their operating name to Bioversity International. Bioversity International still maintains the world's largest banana gene bank , the Bioversity International Musa Germplasm Transit Centre, that is hosted at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) in Leuven, Belgium, and manages ProMusa - a platform that shares knowledge about bananas and plantains . In 2002,

130-572: Is a former mill designed to store cereals and to process agricultural products before distribution. Vasche del Maccarese is a natural oasis managed by WWF Italia, part of the Litorale Romano State Nature Reserve . In summertime it becomes one of the favorite destinations of the inhabitants of the district (especially young people), due to its proximity to the Fregene / Maccarese coast, where bathing facilities have sprung up since

156-401: Is a research-for-development organization focused on safeguarding and using agricultural biodiversity to help meet challenges such as adaptation to climate change and increased sustainable production . The organization takes the view that diversity offers opportunities not only through breeding ( of plants and of animals ) but also by delivering many other benefits. Some are direct, such as

182-505: Is also Bastia , located in Corsica . Note that even though the phrase "port of Rome" is frequently used, there is in fact no port in Rome. Instead, the "port of Rome" refers to the maritime facilities at Civitavecchia, some 68 km (42 miles) to the northwest of Rome. Giglio Porto is a small island port in this area. It rose to prominence, when the Costa Concordia ran aground near

208-517: Is governed by a Board of Trustees, including one Trustee nominated by the host country (Italy) and one nominated by FAO . The Board also appoints the Director General who manages the operation of the various programs. The current Director General is Juan Lucas Restrepo . In 2014, Bioversity International marked 40 years of operations. Bioversity International was originally established by the CGIAR as

234-511: The Ager Romanus . The first evidence of a permanent settlement dates back to the Copper Age (3400-2200 BC). In this period a village of huts was established in the area that is currently called Cerquete-Fianello, located in the southern part of the locality (Manfredini et alii , 2002). Before the reclamation, the territory was rather marshy, with two little lakes (now dried up), one located in

260-525: The Autostrada A12 (Fregene-Maccarese exit), which connects it to Rome, about 35 km (21.7 mi) away. Tyrrhenian Sea The Tyrrhenian Sea ( / t ɪ ˈ r iː n i ən , - ˈ r eɪ -/ , tih- REE -nee-ən ,- RAY - ; Italian : Mar Tirreno [mar tirˈrɛːno] or [-ˈreː-] ) is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy . It is named for

286-648: The European Union recognized the Maccarese area as suitable for the construction of a science and technology park, which would take advantage of both good infrastructural connections and the proximity of universities to create an environment favorable to the development of scientific innovation, especially in the agricultural sector. The possibility of creating the park was given to the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) ,

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312-696: The Global Crop Diversity Trust was established by Bioversity International on behalf of the CGIAR and the UN Food and Agriculture Organization , through a Crop Diversity Endowment Fund. Bioversity International and its predecessors have published occasional papers under the title Issues in Genetic Resources . In 2017, the organization published Mainstreaming Agrobiodiversity In Sustainable Food Systems - Scientific Foundations for an Agrobiodiversity Index ,

338-634: The International Board for Plant Genetic Resources ( IBPGR ) in 1974. In October 1993, IBPGR became the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute ( IPGRI ) and in 1994 IPGRI began independent operation as one of the centers of the CGIAR. At the request of the CGIAR, in 1994 IPGRI took over the governance and administration of the International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain ( INIBAP ). In 2006, IPGRI and INIBAP became

364-575: The Neogene . Episodes of fast and slow trench retreat formed first the Vavilov basin and, then, the Marsili basin. Submarine volcanoes and the active volcano Mount Stromboli formed because trench retreat produces extension in the overriding plate allowing the mantle to rise below the surface and partially melt. The magmatism here is also affected by the fluids released from the slab. Its name derives from

390-602: The Tyrrhenian people identified with the Etruscans of Italy. The sea is bounded by the islands of Corsica and Sardinia (to the west), the Italian Peninsula (regions of Tuscany , Lazio , Campania , Basilicata , and Calabria ) to the north and east, and the island of Sicily (to the south). The Tyrrhenian Sea also includes a number of smaller islands like Capri , Elba , Ischia , and Ustica . The maximum depth of

416-742: The Greek name for the Etruscans , first mentioned by Hesiod in the 8th century BC who described them as residing in central Italy alongside the Latins. The Etruscans lived along the coast of modern Tuscany , Latium and Campania , and referred to the water as the "Sea of the Etruscans". Islands of the Tyrrhenian Sea include: The main ports of the Tyrrhenian Sea in Italy are: Naples , Palermo , Civitavecchia ( Rome ), Salerno , Trapani , and Gioia Tauro . There

442-554: The Roman nobility and religious bodies. The estate ultimately reached the total extent of about 1,700 rubbi (equal to over 3,000 hectares). In 1569 the restoration of the castle took place, while in 1574 Torre Primavera was built. In the 17th century the estate passed from the Mattei into the hands of the Rospigliosi , who were the last owners before the estate's complete reclamation. In 1925

468-529: The Tyrrhenian Sea as follows: There are four exits from the Tyrrhenian Sea (north to south): The Tyrrhenian Basin is divided into two basins (or plains), the Vavilov plain and the Marsili plain. They are separated by the undersea ridge known as the Issel Bridge, after Arturo Issel . The Tyrrhenian Sea is a back-arc basin that formed due to the rollback of the Calabrian slab towards South-East during

494-675: The area farthest from the most populated area and the other near the castle called Villa San Giorgio. A property of the Roman family of the Normanni in the 13th century, around 1300 it saw the building of the castle of Villa San Giorgio, which hosted the Alessandrini, the Anguillara and later the Mattei ; the latter, during the 16th century, unified Vaccarese with the estates of Cortecchia and Castello San Giorgio, together with estates of other families of

520-471: The better nutrition and greater sustainability that come with locally adapted crops. Others are indirect, like the ecosystem services delivered by healthy populations of pollinators , biological control agents, and soil microbes . Agricultural biodiversity will also be absolutely essential to cope with the predicted impacts of climate change, not simply as a source of traits but as the underpinnings of more resilient farm ecosystems. Bioversity International

546-575: The former Circoscrizione XIV, which included a part of the hamlet, became the autonomous Municipality of Fiumicino. Crossed by the Arrone river , which flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea , the locality - which extends from the Fiumicino Airport to the sea and borders Fregene to the north-west - is best known for the homonymous farm Maccarese S.p.A., established in 1925 following the reclamation works of

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572-508: The great reclamation began, promoted by a company made up by financial investors. Motivated by the fees made available by the State, they tried to reclaim the area with the aim of making the land fertile, dividing the estate into farms and then selling them. The project was not completed. Due to a substantial increase in the availability of new farmlands spawned by the reclamation project, the prices of landed properties and agricultural products had in

598-518: The late 1970s (the official beach of the Polizia di Stato is also located there); furthermore, several personalities of entertainment and journalism reside there (an example is the house of Alberto Moravia near the coast). The Maccarese-Fregene railway station is located along the Tyrrhenian Railway ; Maccarese is also served by some bus lines of the Municipality of Fiumicino. It can be reached via

624-460: The meantime collapsed. Hence, by the beginning of the 1930s, the land was no longer seen as a safe haven. Unsustainably high operating costs meant investors were forced to rely on a public holding company, IRI . In the meantime, numerous settlers arrived from the Province of Mantua and above all from Veneto to cultivate fields, plant vineyards and manage dairy cattle. Over the years Maccarese became

650-476: The most important world reference for the conservation and use of plant genetic resources . Since July 2001, the official headquarters of IPGRI have been located in Maccarese, in an area of great agricultural tradition, inside a former mill that has been completely renovated. The President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi was present at the inauguration of the new headquarters. The building

676-449: The sea is 3,785 metres (12,418 ft). The Tyrrhenian Sea is situated near where the African and Eurasian Plates meet; therefore mountain chains and active volcanoes, such as Mount Marsili , are found in its depths. The eight Aeolian Islands and Ustica are located in the southern part of the sea, north of Sicily . The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of

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