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69-447: The theater was established in 1989 by Juri and Irina Mihhaljova. The name "Ilmarine" derives from the same-name association which was established in 1874 in Narva. Since 2010, the theater owns its own house. The house has 300-seated auditorium. This article about an Estonian building or structure is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Narva -related article is

138-494: A UNESCO World Heritage Site . Vehicle emissions reach 83% of total emissions from stationary and mobile sources. The volume of emissions of atmospheric pollutants from stationary sources in 2007 amounted to 16.5 thousand tons, including 7.1 thousand tons (43.2%) of carbon monoxide and 2.6 thousand tons (15.8%) of solids. The largest source of air pollution in Pskov is Pskov Poultry Farm LLC (1365.92 tons of pollutants were emitted) and

207-626: A stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Narva Narva is a municipality and city in Estonia . It is located in the Ida-Viru County , at the eastern extreme point of Estonia , on the west bank of the Narva river which forms the Estonia–Russia international border . With 53,626 inhabitants (as of 2023) Narva is Estonia's third largest city after capital Tallinn and Tartu . Narva

276-464: A significant minority: 29.7% of the city's population were Russian in the census of 1934. 46.7% of the city's inhabitants are Estonian citizens, 36.3% are citizens of the Russian Federation , while 15.3% of the population has undefined citizenship . Since the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine there has been an increase in those acquiring Estonian citizenship in the city. A concern in Narva

345-558: A successor of the Estonian SSR and recognizes the 1945 border between the two former national republics. Officially, Estonia has no territorial claims in the area, and which was also reflected in the new Estonian-Russian border treaty signed in Moscow on 18 May 2005. Russia failed to ratify it because, together with the ratification, the Estonian parliament approved a communiqué, which mentioned

414-526: Is humid continental ( Köppen climate classification Dfb ) with maritime influences due to the city's relative proximity to the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Finland ; with relatively mild (for Russia) but still quite long winter and warm summer. Further west in Europe on the same latitude, winters are quite a bit milder and summer highs a bit cooler. Summer and fall have more precipitation than winter and spring. Pskov

483-588: Is 600 meters long. The two main professional sports in the city are ice hockey and football . Narva PSK play at the Narva Ice Hall , which also was the host arena of the 2005 World Junior Ice Hockey Division I Championship Group B . JK Narva Trans play at the Narva Kreenholm Stadium . They are founding members of the Meistriliiga , and are one of two clubs which have never been relegated from

552-633: Is a city in northwestern Russia and the administrative center of Pskov Oblast , located about 20 kilometers (12 mi) east of the Estonian border, on the Velikaya River . Population: 193,082 ( 2021 Census ) ; 203,279 ( 2010 Census ) ; 202,780 ( 2002 Census ) ; 203,789 ( 1989 Soviet census ) . Pskov is one of the oldest cities in Russia. During the Middle Ages , it served as

621-539: Is incorporated as Pskov Urban Okrug . Pskov still preserves much of its medieval walls, built from the 13th century on. Its medieval citadel is called either the Krom or the Kremlin. Within its walls rises the 256-foot-tall (78 m) Trinity Cathedral , founded in 1138 and rebuilt in the 1690s. The cathedral contains the tombs of saint princes Vsevolod (died in 1138) and Dovmont (died in 1299). Other ancient cathedrals adorn

690-402: Is officially divided into 15 neighbourhoods: Elektrijaama , Joaoru , Kalevi , Kerese , Kreenholmi , Kudruküla , Kulgu , Olgina , Paemurru , Pähklimäe , Siivertsi , Soldina , Sutthoffi , Vanalinn and Veekulgu . Narva's skyline is dominated by the 15th-century castle, with the 51-meter-tall (167 ft) Pikk Hermann tower as its most prominent landmark. The sprawling complex of

759-505: Is the administrative center of the oblast and, within the framework of administrative divisions , it also serves as the administrative center of Pskovsky District , even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the City of Pskov —an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts . As a municipal division , the City of Pskov

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828-490: Is the largest of Narva's dacha regions, located 6 km (4 mi) to northwest from the main city, near Narva-Jõesuu . Narva has a warm-summer humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification Dfb ) with mild to warm, rainy summers with cool nights and cold, cloudy and snowy winters. Narva is one of the coldest settlements in Estonia, being located at the very northeast of the country and bordering Russia. Narva

897-457: Is the spread of HIV , which infected 1.2% of Estonia's population in 2012. Between 2001 and 2008, more than 1,600 cases of HIV were registered in Narva, making it one of the worst areas in Estonia, alongside Tallinn and the rest of Ida-Viru County . The HIV infection rate in Estonia declined in 2014, with 59 new cases in Narva. Religion in Narva (2021) Narva is situated in the eastern extreme point of Estonia, 200 km (124 mi) to

966-552: The Estonian War of Independence when the White Russian commander Stanisław Bułak-Bałachowicz became the military administrator of Pskov. He personally ceded most of his responsibilities to a democratically elected municipal duma and focused on both cultural and economical recovery of the war-impoverished city. He also put an end to censorship of press and allowed for creation of several socialist associations and newspapers. Under

1035-467: The German occupation from 9 July 1941 until 23 July 1944. The Germans operated a forced labour camp for Jewish men and women. In February 1944, thousands of people were killed during Russian bombings of the city. A huge portion of the population died during the war, and Pskov has since struggled to regain its traditional position as a major industrial and cultural center of western Russia. Pskov

1104-538: The Great Northern War in the early 18th century spelled the end of Pskov's traditional role as a vital border fortress and a key to Russia's interior. As a consequence, the city's importance and well-being declined dramatically, although it served as a seat of separate Pskov Governorate since 1777. In 1897, the ethnic make-up, by mother tongue, was 80.0% Russian, 5.7% Polish , 4.7% Jewish, 4.3% German, 2.4% Latvian, 2.1% Estonian. During World War I , Pskov became

1173-563: The Hanseatic League . Pskov's independence was formally recognized by Novgorod in 1348. Several years later, the veche promulgated a law code (called the Pskov Charter ), which was one of the principal sources of the all-Russian law code issued in 1497. Already in the 13th century German merchants were present in Zapskovye area of Pskov and the Hanseatic League had a trading post in

1242-607: The Kreenholm Manufacture , located in the proximity of scenic waterfalls, is one of the largest textile mills of 19th-century Northern Europe. Other notable buildings include Swedish mansions of the 17th century, a Baroque town hall (1668–71), and remains of Erik Dahlberg 's fortifications. Across the Narva river lies the Russian Ivangorod fortress, established during the rule of Grand Prince Ivan III of Muscovy in 1492 and also referred to in some contemporary sources as

1311-627: The Livonian War in 1558–1581, for a short period Narva became an important trading port and transshipment center of Russian goods from Pskov and Novgorod . In 1581, the Swedish troops under the command of Pontus De la Gardie conquered the city and it became part of Sweden . During the Russo-Swedish War (1590–1595) , when Arvid Stålarm was governor, Russian forces attempted to regain the city without success ( Treaty of Teusina , May 1595). During

1380-601: The Mirozhsky Monastery (completed by 1152), famous for its 12th-century frescoes , St. John's (completed by 1243), and the Snetogorsky monastery (built in 1310 and stucco-painted in 1313). Pskov is exceedingly rich in tiny, squat, picturesque churches, dating mainly from the 15th and the 16th centuries. There are many dozens of them, the most notable being St. Basil's on the Hill (1413), St. Kozma and Demian's near

1449-531: The Swedish rule , the baroque Old Town of Narva was built. Following a large fire in 1659 that almost completely destroyed the town, only stone buildings were allowed to be built in its central part. Income from flourishing trade allowed rebuilding of the town center in two decades. Until World War II, the baroque architecture of the Old Town underwent practically no changes, and it became renowned all over Europe. Towards

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1518-462: The "Counter-Narva". From the 17th century until 1945, both the fortress and the adjacent suburb of Ivangorod ( Estonian : Jaanilinn ) were an administrative part of Narva. Narva Kreenholmi Stadium is home to Meistriliiga football team, FC Narva Trans . The Narva railway station is located on an international railway line between Estonia and Russia ( Tallinn–Narva railway ). All passenger trains between Russia and Estonia were cancelled during

1587-550: The 15th century alone. At one point, five stone walls ringed it, making the city practically impregnable. A local school of icon -painting flourished, and the local masons were considered the best in Russia. Many peculiar features of Russian architecture were first introduced in Pskov. Finally, in 1510, the city was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow . Three hundred families were deported from Pskov to central Russia, and merchants and military families from Muscovy were settled in

1656-400: The 20th century. According to more recent data, 46.7% of the city's inhabitants are citizens of Estonia, 36.3% are citizens of the Russian Federation , while 15.3% have undefined citizenship . People settled in the area from the 5th to 4th millennium BC, as evidenced by archeological findings of the Narva culture , named after the Narva river. The fortified settlement at Narva Joaoru is

1725-734: The Bridge (1463), St. George's from the Downhill (1494), Assumption from the Ferryside (1444, 1521), and St. Nicholas' from Usokha (1536). The 17th-century residential architecture is represented by merchant mansions , such as the Salt House, the Pogankin Palace, and the Trubinsky mansion. Among the sights in the vicinity of Pskov are Izborsk , a seat of Rurik 's brother in the 9th century and one of

1794-423: The Estonian top division. They have won 2 Estonian Cups and 2 Estonian Supercups . In the first-person shooter video game Squad , the map Narva is loosely based on the real city, containing Narva Castle , Ivangorod Fortress and a southern industrial area. Narva is twinned with: Pskov Pskov (Russian: Псков , IPA: [pskof] ; see also names in other languages )

1863-634: The Great for having captured Narva in the early 18th century. In August 2022, a Soviet T-34 tank memorial was removed from a stretch of road between the city center and Narva-Jõesuu , to mixed responses. It was moved to the Estonian War Museum near Tallinn. In response to the tank's removal, the following month Russian authorities erected a similar T-34 tank monument in Ivangorod near the border crossing point with Narva. On 1 January 2013 Narva's population

1932-573: The Narva referendum of 16–17 July 1993, which proposed autonomy for both Narva and Sillamäe , a nearby town. Although 97% voted in favor of the referendum, turnout in Narva was a mere 55%, and there were credible charges of vote rigging. After 1991, disputes regarding the Estonian-Russian border in the Narva sector remained, as the new constitution of Estonia (adopted in 1992) recognizes the 1920 Treaty of Tartu border to be currently legal. The Russian Federation, however, considers Estonia to be

2001-578: The Narva river was established by Ivan III of Moscow . Trade, particularly Hanseatic long-distance trade remained Narva's raison d'être throughout the Middle Ages. However, due to opposition from Tallinn , Narva itself never became part of the Hanseatic League and also remained a small town – its population in 1530 is estimated at 600–750 people. Captured by the Tsardom of Russia (Muscovy) during

2070-691: The Pskov Heating Networks SE (478.12 tons). All rivers flowing through the territory of the Pskov Oblast, including the city of Pskov, are characterized by increased concentrations of total iron , copper ions, and hardly oxidizable organic compounds in the water. The following indicators characterize air pollution in Pskov: Since the late 1990s, the Clean Water project officially registered by United Russia in 2006 has been implemented. Improving

2139-493: The Soviet Occupation. On 18 February 2014 a new border treaty was signed by both countries. However the treaty was not ratified by the parliaments of either Russia or Estonia. Overall, by 2014, Russian residents were happy with their status as both Estonian and European Union citizens and lived peacefully alongside their compatriots. Before the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , residents mixed relatively freely with

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2208-605: The Soviet Union, mainly Russia. In January 1945, Jaanilinn (Ivangorod), the suburb on the eastern bank of the river was separated from Estonia (and from Narva) by the Soviet authorities, and the settlement around Ivangorod fortress was made administratively part of the neighboring Leningrad Oblast of the Russian SFSR . In 1954, Ivangorod became officially a town in its own rights. After Estonia regained its independence in 1991,

2277-547: The Soviet government, large parts of the city were rebuilt, many ancient buildings, particularly churches, were demolished to give space for new constructions. During World War II , in June 1940, the Soviet 8th Army invaded Estonia and Latvia from the city. The medieval citadel provided little protection against modern artillery of the Wehrmacht, and Pskov suffered substantial damage during

2346-618: The best known lines in the Russian language . The national poet of Russia is buried in the ancient cloister at the Holy Mountains nearby. Unfortunately, the area presently has only a minimal tourist infrastructure , and the historic core of Pskov requires serious investments to realize its great tourist potential. On 7 July 2019, the Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture was inscribed as

2415-479: The capital of the Pskov Republic and was a trading post of the Hanseatic League before it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow and became an important border fortress in the Tsardom of Russia . Pskov is one of the oldest cities in Russia. The name of the city, originally Pleskov (historic Russian spelling Плѣсковъ , Plěskov ), may be loosely translated as "[the town] of purling waters". It

2484-522: The central rail station is a central bus station, which has multiple domestic and international connections (including to Russia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus etc.). The direct bus routes to Russia ceased on February 1, 2024, since the Russian Federation closed the border between Narva and Ivangorod for traffic - only pedestrians are now permitted to cross the border. There is a general aviation grass airfield near Narva (ICAO: EENA). The strip

2553-533: The century became, with about 10,000 workers, one of the largest cotton mills in Europe and the world. In 1872, Krenholm Manufacturing became the site of the first strike in Estonia. At the end of the 19th century, Narva was the leading industrial town in Estonia – 41% of industrial workers in Estonia worked in Narva, compared to 33% in Tallinn . The first railway in Estonia, completed in 1870, connected Narva to Saint Petersburg and to Tallinn. In August 1890, Narva

2622-598: The city of Narva, including its then suburb of Ivangorod (Jaanilinn) was a part of the Saint Petersburg Governorate of the Russian Empire until 1917. In the middle of the 19th century, Narva developed into a major industrial city. Ludwig Knoop established the Krenholm Manufacturing Company in 1857. The factory used the affordable energy of the powerful Narva waterfalls, and at the end of

2691-420: The city was destroyed during World War II and for several years during the following reconstruction the Soviet authorities largely prohibited the return of Narva's pre-war residents (among whom ethnic Estonians had been the majority, forming 64.8% of the town's population of 23,512 according to the 1934 census), thus radically altering the city's ethnic composition. Nevertheless, ethnic Russians had already formed

2760-450: The city's leaders, holdovers from the Soviet era, wanted autonomy, and contended that the notion of a breakaway "Transnarovan Soviet republic" in northeastern Estonia was becoming increasingly popular, but this was contradicted by polls showing 87% of the region's population opposed secession from Estonia. In 1993, dissatisfaction with newly enacted citizenship and election laws (non-citizens were not allowed to hold office) culminated in

2829-442: The city. At this time Pskov had at least 6,500 households and a population of more than 30,000; it was one of the three biggest cities of Muscovy, alongside Moscow and Novgorod. The deportation of noble families to Moscow under Ivan IV in 1570 is a subject of Rimsky-Korsakov 's opera Pskovityanka (1872). Pskov still attracted enemy armies and it withstood a prolonged siege by a 50,000-strong Polish-Lithuanian army during

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2898-728: The earliest written record of the castle is from 1277. Narvia village is mentioned in the Danish Census Book already in 1241. A town developed around the stronghold and in 1345 obtained Lübeck City Rights from Danish king Valdemar IV . The castle and surrounding town of Narva ( Narwa , in German) became a possession of the Livonian Order in 1346, after the Danish king sold its lands in Northern Estonia. In 1492, Ivangorod fortress across

2967-459: The east from the Estonian capital Tallinn and 130 km (81 mi) southwest from Saint Petersburg. The capital of Ida-Viru County, Jõhvi , lies 50 km (31 mi) to the west. The eastern border of the city along the Narva river (which drains Lake Peipus ) coincides with the Estonian-Russian border. The Estonian part of the Narva Reservoir lies mostly within the territory of Narva, to

3036-500: The end of World War I . The town saw fighting during the Estonian War of Independence . The war started when Russian Bolshevik troops attacked Narva on 28 November 1918, capturing the city on the next day. The Russian bolshevik troops retained control of the city until 19 January 1919. Heavy battles occurred both in and around Narva during World War II. The city was damaged in the German invasion of 1941 and by smaller air raids throughout

3105-457: The end of Swedish rule, the defence structures of Narva were greatly improved. Beginning in 1680s, an outstanding system of bastions was designed by renowned military engineer Erik Dahlbergh and built around the town. The new defences were among the most powerful in Northern Europe. During the Great Northern War of 1700–1721, Narva became the setting for the first great battle between

3174-447: The existence of a trading settlement in Narva at the time has been found so far. Narva's favorable location at the intersection of both trade routes and the Narva river was behind the founding of Narva castle and the subsequent development of the castle's surrounding urban settlement. The castle was founded during the Danish rule of northern Estonia in the second half of the 13th century;

3243-460: The final stage of the Livonian War (1581–1582). The king of Poland Stephen Báthory undertook some thirty-one attacks to storm the city, which was defended mainly by civilians. Even after one of the city walls was broken, the Pskovians managed to fill the gap and repel the attack. "A big city, it is like Paris", wrote Báthory's secretary about Pskov. The estimates of the population of Pskov land in

3312-642: The forces of King Charles XII of Sweden and Tsar Peter I of Russia (Muscovy) in November 1700. Although outnumbered four to one, the Swedish forces routed their 40,000-strong opponent. Tsardom of Russia subsequently conquered the city in 1704. After the Great Northern War, the bastions were renovated. Narva remained on the list of fortifications of the Russian Empire until 1863, although there turned out to be no real military need for it. Administratively

3381-603: The headquarters for Russia's Northern Front , commanded by Nikolai Ruzsky . On 15 March 1917, aboard the Imperial train , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated here. After the Russo-German Brest-Litovsk Peace Conference (22 December 1917 – 3 March 1918), the Imperial German Army invaded the area. Pskov was also occupied by the Estonian army between 25 May 1919 and 28 August 1919 during

3450-481: The knights, the Pskovians elected a Lithuanian prince, named Daumantas , a Roman Catholic converted to Orthodox faith and known in Russia as Dovmont, as their military leader and prince in 1266. Having fortified the town, Daumantas routed the Teutonic Knights at Rakvere and overran much of Estonia. His remains and sword are preserved in the local kremlin , and the core of the citadel, erected by him, still bears

3519-494: The middle of 16th century range from 150 to 300 thousand. Famines, epidemics (especially the epidemic of 1552) and the warfare led to a five-fold decrease of the population by 1582–1585 due to mortality and migration. The city withstood a siege by the Swedish in 1615. The successful defence of the city led to the peace negotiations culminating in the Treaty of Stolbovo . Peter the Great 's conquest of Estonia and Livonia during

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3588-550: The most formidable fortresses of medieval Russia; the Pskov Monastery of the Caves , the oldest continually functioning monastery in Russia (founded in the mid-15th century) and a magnet for pilgrims from all over the country; the 16th-century Krypetsky Monastery ; Yelizarov Convent , which used to be a great cultural and literary center of medieval Russia; and Mikhaylovskoye , a family home of Alexander Pushkin where he wrote some of

3657-468: The name of "Dovmont's town". In 1341 the city recognized overlordship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania , in 1347 it switched allegiance to the Novgorod Republic , and the following year it became the capital of the newly independent Pskov Republic . By the 14th century, the town functioned as the capital of a de facto sovereign republic . Its most powerful force was the merchants who traded with

3726-583: The oldest known in Estonia, dated to around 1000 BC. The earliest known written reference of the toponym Narva is in the First Novgorod Chronicle , which in the year 1172 describes a district in Novgorod called Nerevsky or Narovsky konets (yard). According to historians, this name probably derives from the name of the then village of Narva, or from the Narva river, and indicates that a frequently used trade route went through Narva, albeit no evidence of

3795-507: The pandemic in 2020 and the service has not been resumed. There is a domestic train service between Saint Petersburg and Ivangorod. Hence, it is possible to travel between Narva and Saint Petersburg by train if one crosses the border between Narva and Ivangorod by foot. The walking distance between the border station and Ivangorod train station is about 3.5 km. Five daily domestic trains run between Narva and Tallinn. Some are express, which takes about 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 hours. Adjacent to

3864-419: The quality of drinking water is planned to be carried out by gradually abandoning surface water intake from the Velikaya River and transitioning to the extraction of water from underground sources. However, underground water intake leads to the clogging of hot water supply systems (up to complete obstruction) in those facilities where this water enters due to its increased hardness. The climate of Pskov

3933-449: The residents across the river in Ivangorod. Those on the Estonian side mainly crossed to buy cheaper petrol, groats , cleaning products, pasta and sugar. Those crossing from the Russian side wanted to make use of the availability of non-sanctioned goods, entertainment facilities and overall better infrastructure. The invasion and subsequent conflict seriously reduced cooperation between

4002-439: The same area in the first half of 16th century which moved to Zavelichye after a fire in 1562. The wars with Livonian Order, Poland-Lithuania and Sweden interrupted the trade but it was maintained until the 17th century, with Swedish merchants gaining the upper hand eventually. The importance of the city made it the subject of numerous sieges throughout its history. The Pskov Krom (or Kremlin) withstood twenty-six sieges in

4071-506: The southwest of the city center. The mouth of the Narva river to the Gulf of Finland is about 13 km (8 mi) downstream from the city. The municipality of Narva covers 84.54 km (32.64 sq mi), of which the city proper occupies 62 km (24 sq mi) (excluding the reservoir), while two separate districts surrounded by Vaivara Parish , Kudruküla and Olgina, cover 5.6 km (2.16 sq mi) and 0.58 km (0.22 sq mi), respectively. Kudruküla

4140-465: The two neighbors, especially as visas became difficult to obtain and the residents of Narva increased the take up in Estonian citizenship . Narva took in many Ukrainian refugees fleeing the war and previously popular Russian TV stations among older Russophone residents were banned by the Estonian government. On 10 June 2022, the Estonian foreign ministry summoned the Russian ambassador to protest about remarks by President Vladimir Putin praising Peter

4209-407: The war, and immigrant Russian-speaking workers from other parts of the USSR were brought in to populate the city. The city whose population had been 65% Estonian according to the last census in 1934, became overwhelmingly non-Estonian. The main reason behind this was a plan to build a secret uranium processing plant in the city, which would turn Narva into a closed town . In 1947 nearby Sillamäe

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4278-431: The war, but remained relatively intact until February 1944. However, as the focus of the Battle of Narva , the city was destroyed by Soviet bombardment and fires and explosions set by retreating German troops. The most devastating action was the bombing raids of 6 and 7 March 1944 by the Soviet Air Force , which destroyed the Baroque old town. By the end of July 1944, 98 per cent of Narva had been destroyed. After

4347-481: The war, most of the buildings could have been restored as the walls of the houses still existed, but in the early 1950s, the Soviet authorities decided to demolish the ruins to make room for apartment buildings. Only three buildings remain of the old town, including the Baroque -style Town Hall . The civilian casualties of the bombing were low as the German forces had evacuated the city in January 1944. The original native inhabitants were not allowed to return after

4416-484: Was 59,888, down from 60,454 inhabitants a year earlier. The population was 83,000 in 1992. 95.7% of the population of Narva are native Russian speakers , and 87.7% are ethnic Russians . Most non-Estonians are ethnically Russian, Belarusian, or Ukrainian immigrants or the children of immigrants, though 69% of Narva residents in the early 1990s had been born in Narva or had lived there for more than 30 years. Ethnic Estonians account for 5.2% of total population. Much of

4485-452: Was historically known in English as Plescow . Its earliest mention comes in 903, which records that Igor of Kiev married a local lady, Olga (later Saint Olga of Kiev). Pskovians sometimes take this year as the city's foundation date, and in 2003 a great jubilee took place to celebrate Pskov's 1,100th anniversary. The first prince of Pskov was Vladimir the Great 's youngest son Sudislav . Once imprisoned by his brother Yaroslav , he

4554-406: Was nearly completely destroyed in 1944 during World War II . During the Soviet era of Estonia in 1944–1991, the city's original inhabitants were not permitted to return, and immigrant workers from Soviet Russia and other parts of the former Soviet Union (USSR) were introduced. Narva’s population, 65% ethnic Estonian as of the 1934 census, became overwhelmingly non-Estonian in the second half of

4623-402: Was not released until the latter's death several decades later. In the 12th and 13th centuries, the town adhered politically to the Novgorod Republic . In 1241, it was taken by the Teutonic Knights , but Alexander Nevsky recaptured it several months later during a legendary campaign dramatized in Sergei Eisenstein 's 1938 movie Alexander Nevsky . In order to secure their independence from

4692-405: Was selected as the location of the factory instead of Narva, but the existence of such a plan was decisive for the development of Narva in the postwar years , and thus also shaped its later evolution. The planned uranium factory and other large-scale industrial developments, like the restoring of Kreenholm Manufacture, were the driving force behind the influx of internal migrants from other parts of

4761-430: Was the site of a key meeting between German Kaiser Wilhelm II and Russian Tsar Alexander III . The status of Narva was resolved in a July 1917 referendum, when the district population, at that time roughly equally divided between ethnic Russians and Estonians, voted to attach itself to the newly autonomous, and soon to be independent state of, Estonia. Narva became part of the independent Republic of Estonia in 1918, at

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