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42-476: The IMO ship number scheme has been mandatory, for SOLAS signatories, for passenger and cargo ships above a certain size since 1996, and voluntarily applicable to various other vessels since 2013/2017. The number identifies a ship and does not change when the ship's owner, country of registry ( flag state ) or name changes, unlike the official numbers used in some countries, e.g. the UK. The ship's certificates must also bear

84-573: A merchant ship in a state other than that of the ship's owners, and flying that state's civil ensign on the ship. Ships may be registered under flags of convenience to reduce operating costs, or else to avoid the regulations of, or inspection and scrutiny by, the country of the original owner. Normally the nationality (i.e., flag) of the ship determines the taxing jurisdiction. Since the Flag Right Declaration of 1921, it has been recognised that all states—including land-locked countries —have

126-510: A 51% stake in the cruise line to Spain-based investment firm Springwater Capital, retaining a 49% stake. Pullmantur Cruises was the largest Spain-based cruise line . The company mainly marketed to Spanish passengers, although cruises were also sold by some travel operators outside the Spanish-speaking world . Some of the company's ships operated an "all-inclusive" product, where some extras, such as brand alcoholic beverages, were included in

168-527: A certain size. SOLAS regulation XI-1/3 was adopted in 1994 and came into force on 1 January 1996, making IMO ship numbers mandatory for those countries that have ratified (or acceded to, accepted, approved, adopted, etc.) SOLAS. The IMO scheme and hence SOLAS regulation does not apply to: In December 2002, the Diplomatic Conference on Maritime Security adopted a number of measures aimed at enhancing security of ships and port facilities. This included

210-473: A modification to SOLAS Regulation XI-1/3 to require the IMO ship numbers to be permanently marked in a visible place either on the ship's hull or superstructure as well as internally and on the ship's certificates. Passenger ships should also carry the marking on a horizontal surface visible from the air. The enhanced regulations came into effect on 1 July 2004. In May 2005, IMO adopted a new SOLAS regulation XI-1/3-1 on

252-526: A reorganization". The December 2020 news item stated that the Royal Caribbean had agreed to provide some funds to allow Pullmantur to move ahead with a "viability plan, and to carry out the reorganization process necessary to adapt the company to the new reality with a new fleet". In the meantime, negotiations were underway with the over 300 employees who were no longer working. In early 2021, Peace Boat returned Zenith to Royal Caribbean after chartering

294-426: A right to maintain a ship register and be a ship's flag state. Because of the failure of some flag states to comply with their survey and certification responsibilities, especially flag-of-convenience states that have delegated their task to classification societies , a number of states have since 1982 established port state controls of foreign-registered ships entering their jurisdiction. As at January 2010, Panama

336-529: A size limit of 12 metres in length overall (LOA), authorized to operate outside waters under the national jurisdiction of the flag State". IMO resolutions are "for implementation on a voluntary basis". Although not mandatory under SOLAS, since IMO ship numbers became available also to fishing vessels in 2013, some regional fisheries management organisations , the European Union and other organizations or states have made them mandatory for fishing vessels above

378-636: A tough task for Pullmantur since the company declared bankruptcy in July 2020. They said working together with the bankruptcy administration to introduce a new business plan that involved the return to operation and guaranteed the viability of the company, according the CEO of the company, Richard J. Vogel. Recently, the company has been in the spotlight in the Spanish media saying that Pullmantur left its headquarters in Madrid because of

420-439: Is made of the three letters "IMO" followed by a seven-digit number. This consists of a six-digit sequential unique number followed by a check digit . The integrity of an IMO number can be verified using its check digit. The checksum of an IMO ship identification number is calculated by multiplying each of the first six digits by a factor of 7 to 2 corresponding to their position from right to left. The rightmost digit of this sum

462-408: Is the case of England, which restricted the import of Asian goods only to American and British vessels. England only opened its ports after it had maneuvered itself into a position of strength, and then most like only to gain access to other continental ports. Similarly, France imposed a trade monopoly on its colonies which remained in place until 1869. Ships must be registered in the ship register of

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504-400: Is the check digit. Example for IMO 907472 9 : The checksum of an IMO company and registered owner identification number is calculated somewhat differently. The first six digits are multiplied by the respective weights: 8 , 6 , 4 , 2 , 9 , and 7 and then summed. From this sum modulo 11 is taken. The result of which is subtracted from 11. And modulo 10 of this difference results in

546-614: The Mediterranean from Barcelona in May 2005. The Oceanic became very successful, and in 2002, Pullmantur acquired a second ship, MS Pacific , from Princess Cruises , and chartered the former Renaissance Cruises ship MS  R Five from Cruiseinvest. R Five was marketed under the name Blue Dream . Two more ships followed in 2003 when Pullmantur acquired MS Superstar Aries from Star Cruises and renamed her MS  Holiday Dream , while R Five ' s sister ship MS  R Six

588-427: The authority and responsibility to enforce regulations over vessels registered under its flag, including those relating to inspection, certification, and issuance of safety and pollution prevention documents. As a ship operates under the laws of its flag state, these laws are applicable if the ship is involved in an admiralty case . The term " flag of convenience " describes the business practice of registering

630-610: The 2007 summer season operating for Pullmantur. In 2008, Pullmantur received Empress of the Seas from Royal Caribbean International and renamed her MS  Empress . Pacific and Holiday Dream left the Pullmantur fleet in April and May for Quail Cruises and CDF Croisières de France , respectively. Also in May, Pullmantur purchased Pacific Star from P&O Cruises Australia and renamed her MS Ocean Dream . MS  Sovereign of

672-461: The IMO ship identification number, the company identification number is a seven-digit number with the prefix IMO. For example, for the ship Atlantic Star (IMO 8024026), IMO 5304986 referred to the former ship manager Pullmantur Cruises Ship Management Ltd and IMO 5364264 to her former owner, Pullmantur Cruises Empress Ltd. S&P Global is the manager of the scheme and, as such, identifies and assigns IMO numbers without charge. The organization

714-483: The IMO ship number. Since 1 July 2004, passenger ships are also required to carry the marking on a horizontal surface visible from the air. In 1987 the IMO adopted Resolution A.600(15) to create the IMO ship identification number scheme aimed at the "enhancement of maritime safety and pollution prevention and the prevention of maritime fraud" by assigning to each ship a unique permanent identification number. Lloyd's Register had already introduced permanent numbers for all

756-450: The Seas was also transferred to Pullmantur and renamed MS Sovereign . In April 2008. Lloyd's List reported that Pullmantur was in the process of purchasing Pride of Aloha from Norwegian Cruise Line 's subsidiary NCL America . However, the deal fell through and Pride of Aloha joined Norwegian's fleet. In January 2009, Sky Wonder was renamed Atlantic Star , and in March, Oceanic

798-465: The Seas would be transferred from Royal Caribbean to Pullmantur, joining the fleet in April 2021. There plans were cancelled in 2020. During the COVID-19 pandemic, more than half of the crew members onboard Horizon were reported to have tested positive for the coronavirus following the company's suspension of operations. In early-June 2020, Pullmantur's fleet had been moved into "cold lay-up" due to

840-632: The Southern Caribbean from Premier Cruises and later also on board Premier Cruises flagship the SS Rembrandt in the Mediterranean. Premier changed its business plan in 1997 and canceled its contracts with operators, such as Pullmantur, and later collapsed in 2000. Pullmantur then acquired SS Big Red Boat 1 and started its own cruise line, Pullmantur Cruises. Big Red Boat 1 reverted to her original name SS  Oceanic , and began cruising around

882-495: The UN's International Maritime Organization ( IMO ), on matters of safety, navigation, crewing etc. Part XII entail special provisions on protecting the marine environment, which includes placing special obligations on flag states to ensure compliance with international environmental legislation such as MARPOL . Failure to do so, can result in the flag state losing its jurisdiction over ships under its flag, also when these commit violations on

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924-406: The check digit. Example for company IMO 204199 9 : Flag state The flag state of a merchant vessel is the jurisdiction under whose laws the vessel is registered or licensed , and is deemed the nationality of the vessel. A merchant vessel must be registered and can only be registered in one jurisdiction, but may change the jurisdiction in which it is registered. The flag state has

966-420: The company's extended suspension of operations given the pandemic. On 22 June 2020, Pullmantur's owners announced that, due to the significant economic impact caused by the pandemic, they had filed for reorganization of Pullmantur under Spanish insolvency laws. It was also reported Pullmantur had begun dismantling part of the interiors of MS Sovereign and MS Monarch , with claims that "everything of value"

1008-587: The cruise price. Originally, most Pullmantur ships did not operate cruises for the company during the northern hemisphere winter season. Instead, they were either laid up or under charter to other cruise lines, such as the Brazil -based Viagens CVC . On 22 June 2020, due to the economic impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic , Pullmantur's owners announced they had filed for reorganization of Pullmantur under Spanish insolvency laws. Pullmantur under Administration review

1050-465: The flags of Panama, Liberia, Marshall Islands, the Republic of Korea and Sierra Leone, with numerous different owners/operators, and has had home ports of Majuro, Freetown and Cheju, but its IMO number has remained unchanged throughout. The original resolution applied to cargo vessels (meaning "ships which are not passenger ships") at least 300 gt and passenger vessels of at least 100 gt. This resolution

1092-493: The headquarters, Vogel said that they were reviewing different options, but there was no decision made to it. The plan certainly required reorganization, as the board of directors had acknowledged in June 2020: "Despite the great progress the company made to achieve a turnaround in 2019 and its huge engagement and best efforts of its dedicated employees, the headwinds caused by the pandemic are too strong for Pullmantur to overcome without

1134-480: The high seas. Each flag state has set up its own flag state control system: Pullmantur Cruises Pullmantur Cruises was a cruise line headquartered in Madrid , Spain . It began operations in the late 1990s as an offshoot of the Madrid -based travel agency Pullmantur. In 2006, Pullmantur Cruises, through its parent company, was purchased by U.S.-based Royal Caribbean Group , but Royal Caribbean later sold

1176-404: The inability to pay rent. Local media also reported that 127 employees out of 311, working in the headquarters had not received salary for the month of August 2020. Addressing this issue Pullmantur CEO, Richard J. Vogel, sent an email Friday 18.09.2020 to the entire staff, assuring them that the salary would be paid in following days. Regarding the non-payment of rent and the company moving out from

1218-574: The jurisdiction whose flag it is flying. Flag registers in many countries are open to ships with foreign owners. Normally, each flag state has only one ship register, but several countries have more than one register: Flag states must, in accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Law Of the Sea ( UNCLOS ) ensure that ships under their flag comply with international regulations, often adopted by

1260-585: The mandatory company and registered owner identification number scheme, with entry into force on 1 January 2009. The regulation provides that every ship owner and management company shall have a unique identification number. Other amendments require these numbers to be added to the relevant certificates and documents in the International Safety Management Code (ISM) and the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS). Like

1302-410: The nation exclusive control over the vessels. Shipowners during this time needed protection from pirates and privateers which was provided by naval vessels of the flag state. In some cases states offered subsidies to the shipbuilding industries. In addition to these incentives, states might impose restrictions based on flag state, closing ports to other ships. One well known example of how this was applied

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1344-716: The questions the company asked was if guests are willing to pay 10-15 % higher prices than previously offered if it ensured a safer experience for everyone. After the fate of two Pullmantur ships, the Monarch and the Sovereign, was sealed in Aliaga scrapyard in Turkey, the company might try to resume cruises with the Horizon which was in cold lay-up in Greece Elefsinas Bay. The restart would be

1386-589: The ships in their published register in 1963, and these were modified to seven-digit numbers in 1969. It is this number series that was adopted as the basis for IMO ship numbers in 1987. Unique and permanent numbers are needed due to the frequent changes in ships' names or other details. As one example, the vessel with IMO ship number "IMO 9176187" was built in Japan, has been through the names Asia Melody , Cornelie Oldendorff , Maxima , Jaydee M , Evangelia , Evangeli , Shinsung Dream and Orange Dream , has operated under

1428-632: Was announces that the Majesty of the Seas would join the Pullmantur-fleet in 2016, but these plans were cancelled in 2015, and Empress was transferred back to Royal Caribbean in early 2016. CDF ceased operations in early 2017, and both ships in the CDF fleet were transferred back to Pullmantur. In July 2019, it was announced Zenith would leave the fleet in early 2020, having been chartered to Peace Boat . Later in 2019, Pullmantur announced Grandeur of

1470-695: Was chartered as Blue Star . In 2004, R Five was chartered to Oceania Cruises . In 2005, Pullmantur purchased R Six , and renamed her MS  Blue Dream after R Five exited the fleet. A third R -class ship followed in 2006 when Pullmantur bought Delphin Renaissance and renamed her MS  Blue Moon . Later that year, Pullmantur's fleet grew to six ships when it purchased Pacific Sky from P&O Cruises Australia and renamed her SS  Sky Wonder . In August 2006, Royal Caribbean Group announced it would purchase Pullmantur, making it Royal Caribbean's first wholly owned European brand. The acquisition

1512-447: Was expected to be completed by the fourth quarter of the year. Following the acquisition by Royal Caribbean, several transfers were carried out between the Pullmantur fleet and those of other Royal Caribbean brands. In 2007, Blue Dream and Blue Moon were transferred to Azamara Club Cruises , while MS  Oceanic II and Celebrity Cruises ' MS  Zenith joined the Pullmantur fleet in their place. Oceanic II had only spent

1554-576: Was hoping to restart some operations with MV Horizon , laid up in Eleusis Bay, and two Celebrity Millennium class cruise ships. By December 2020, a reorganization plan had been developed, to restart some cruises, with financial assistance from Royal Caribbean . Since mid July 2021 it was in process of liquidation. Pullmantur began cruise operations in the 1990s by initially selling cruises on board SS  SeaWind Crown , founded by Anastasios Kyriakides (subsequently merged with Premier Cruises), in

1596-417: Was previously known as Lloyd's Register-Fairplay , IHS Fairplay and IHS Maritime . For new vessels, the IMO ship number is assigned to a hull during construction, generally upon keel laying. Many vessels which fall outside the mandatory requirements of SOLAS have numbers allocated by Lloyd's Register or IHS Markit in the same numerical series, including fishing vessels and commercial yachts. An IMO number

1638-429: Was removed. A December 2020 news item stated that four companies had been declared bankrupt: Pullmantur S. A., Pullmantur Cruises SL, Pullmantur Holdings SL y Pullmantur Maltesas. Pullmantur Cruises announced a plan to return and restart cruise operations. In a series of questions on Facebook addressed to the customers, Pullmantur had been asking for feedback on what would they like to see when they resume cruises. Among

1680-583: Was revoked in 2013, being replaced by Resolution A.1078(28), which allowed application of the Scheme to ships of 100 gt and above, including fishing vessels. That in turn was revoked in 2017 and replaced by Resolution A.1117(30), which allows its application to ships of 100 gt and above, "including fishing vessels of steel and non-steel hull construction; passenger ships of less than 100 gt, high-speed passenger craft and mobile offshore drilling units [...]; and all motorized inboard fishing vessels of less than 100 gt down to

1722-426: Was sold to Peace Boat . In mid-April 2009, Island Star was transferred from Island Cruises to Pullmantur Cruises. In April 2013, Royal Caribbean transferred Monarch of the Seas to Pullmantur. Ocean Dream was chartered to Peace Boat to replace Oceanic and Pacific Dream , which had been renamed Horizon , was transferred to CDF. In 2014, Zenith joined sister ship L'Horizon in the CDF fleet. In 2014 it

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1764-458: Was the world's largest flag state, with almost a quarter of the world's ocean-going tonnage registered there. The United States and the United Kingdom had only about 1% each. Until World War II nations were able to maintain their dominance, or in some cases, even improve their position in maritime trade by offering vessels exclusive protection for flying their flags, which would in turn give

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