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28-489: Honam ( Korean pronunciation: [ho.nam] ; literally "south of the lake") is a region coinciding with the former Jeolla Province in what is now South Korea . Today, the term refers to Gwangju , South Jeolla Province , Jeju Province and Jeonbuk State . The name "Jeonla-do" is used in the names of the Honam railway line and Honam Expressway , which are major transportation corridors connecting Seoul and Daejeon to

56-893: A Special City . Jeolla Province was bounded on the north by Chungcheong Province, on the east by Gyeongsang Province, on the south by the East China Sea , and on the west by the Yellow Sea . The region is bordered on the east by the Sobaek Mountains and is drained by the Yeongsan , Seomjin and Mangyeong rivers. The largest city in the region is Gwangju. Apart from Jeonju and Naju, other cities of note include Iksan (formerly Iri), Gunsan , Mokpo , Namwon, Suncheon , and Yeosu . Taejong of Joseon Taejong ( Korean :  태종 ; Hanja :  太宗 ; 16 May 1367 – 10 May 1422), personal name Yi Pang-wŏn ( 이방원 ; 李芳遠 ),

84-417: A coup d'état while King Taejo was still in mourning for his second wife. This event led to the deaths of Jeong Do-jeon and his supporters, as well as the deaths of the late Queen Sindeok's two sons, including the crown prince. The incident became known as the "First Strife of Princes" ( 제1차 왕자의 난 ). Aghast at the fact that his sons were willing to kill each other for the crown, and psychologically exhausted by

112-458: A new department known as the Sinmun Office , to hear cases in which aggrieved subjects felt that they had been exploited or treated unjustly by officials or aristocrats . Despite being the one responsible for Chŏng Mong-ju 's assassination, Taejong posthumously honored him as Chief State Councillor , leading to a great irony — Chŏng To-jŏn , whose policies governed Joseon for five centuries,

140-404: Is due to the ( initial sound rule of modern Korean). This was the first time the area currently known as Jeolla was united under one administrative division, and it would remain this way for nearly eight centuries. In 1413, during 13th year of the reign of Taejong of Joseon , the territories were once again reorganized into 8 do . This is the era of the historic Eight Provinces. Jeollaju-do

168-478: The Three Kingdoms era began and the region became part of southern Baekje. Jungbang was the center of the province during this period. When Silla conquered Baekje with the help of Tang China in 660, it became a territory of Later Silla during the 16th year of the reign of Munmu of Silla . Silla reorganized this territory into nine ju ( 주 ) and five gyeong ( 경 ), three of the ju belonging to

196-439: The "Second Strife of Princes" ( 제2차 왕자의 난 ). Yi Pang-wŏn successfully defeated his brother's forces, then executed Park Bo and exiled Yi Pang-gan. King Jeongjong, now fearful of his formidable younger brother, named Yi Pang-wŏn his successor and abdicated in the same year. At long last, Yi Pang-wŏn (posthumously King Taejong), assumed the throne of Joseon and became the dynasty's third monarch. One of Taejong's first acts as king

224-461: The Great), but continued to rule with an iron fist and decide on important matters. Along the years, as a means to strengthen royal authority and subdue corruption, he executed or exiled some of the supporters who helped him ascend to the throne; he also executed the four brothers of his wife Queen Wongyeong , as well as Sejong's father-in-law Shim On and his younger brother Shim Jeong, in order to limit

252-602: The Honam region. The name is often used to refer to people residing in the region. There is also Honam University , which is located in Gwangju , the biggest city in Honam. This Korea location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Jeolla Jeolla-do , including North and South Jeolla,was the first province/state out of the Eight Provinces system to have its 1000th year anniversary in 2018, as

280-571: The Privy Council was replaced by the State Council . Taejong also issued a decree according to which all decisions passed by the State Council could only come into effect with the approval of the king. This ended the custom of court ministers making decisions through debate and negotiations among themselves, and thus brought the royal authority to new heights. Shortly thereafter, Taejong installed

308-547: The death of his second wife, Taejo abdicated; his eldest surviving son, Yi Pang-gwa (posthumously King Jeongjong), immediately became the new ruler. Yi Pang-wŏn quickly emerged as the real force behind the throne and was soon in conflict with his disgruntled elder brother, Yi Pang-gan , who also yearned for power. In 1400, General Park Bo, who found the rewards for his deeds during the First Strife of Princes lacking, allied with Yi Pang-gan and rebelled in what came to be known as

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336-483: The discovery of previously hidden land, national wealth increased twofold. In addition, Taejong created a strong central government. In 1400, before taking the throne, he had played a key role in eradicating the Dopyeong Assembly  [ ko ] , a branch of the old administration that had monopolized the executive power during the waning years of Goryeo, in favor of the Privy Council; during Taejong's reign,

364-526: The former Baekje. The northern territory of former Baekje, Ung ( Ungju ; 熊州), corresponds to modern-day South Chungcheong Province . The middle area consisted of Wansan (完山州) and Namwon , which correspond to modern-day North Jeolla. Wansan was later renamed Jeonju. The southern area consisted of Mujin ( Mujin-ju ), which was renamed Mu (武州) in 757, the 16th year of the reign of Gyeongdeok of Silla . Mu consisted of one gun and 43 hyeon , and corresponds to modern-day South Jeolla. In 983, during

392-624: The influence of in-laws and powerful clans. King Taejong died four years after his abdication, on 10 May 1422, in Sugang Palace . He was buried alongside Queen Wongyeong at Heolleung ( 헌릉 ), part of the Heonilleung burial ground, in present-day Seocho District , Seoul , South Korea. Taejong remains a controversial figure in Korean history who eliminated many of his rivals (such as Chŏng Mong-ju and Chŏng To-jŏn ) and yet ruled effectively to improve

420-705: The movements of the population. In 1403, Taejong ordered 100,000 pieces of metal type and two complete fonts. Predating Gutenberg and Laurens Janszoon by several decades, he accomplished the metal movable type . He promoted press, commerce, and education, and also reformed the Sapyeongsunwibu ( 사평순위부 ), Joseon's early military and law enforcement agency, and separated the Uigeumbu as Joseon's law enforcement agency but without military functions. In 1418, Taejong abdicated in favor of his third legitimate son, Yi Do (posthumously King Sejong, commonly known as Sejong

448-552: The name 'Jeolla-do' was established in 1018,during Hyeonjong of Goryeo's 9th year in power. The population of Jeolla-do is 4,973,834 as of January 2024. During the Samhan era of Korean history, the area of Jeolla was controlled by the Mahan confederacy and the Tamna kingdom on Jeju. Fifteen of the 45 Korean tribes had their bases in this region. When Baekje overtook Mahan by the 5th century,

476-415: The principal architect of the ideological, institutional and legal foundations of the new dynasty, saw Joseon as a kingdom led by its ministers by virtue of the king's appointment. In contrast, Yi Pang-wŏn sought direct rule through an absolute monarchy . These differences ultimately contributed to an environment of deep political tension. In 1398, following the sudden death of Queen Sindeok, Yi Pang-wŏn led

504-460: The river ' ) while Naju and Seungju were reunited and renamed Haeyang-do ( lit.   ' ocean province ' ). In 1018, during the 9th year of the reign of Hyeonjong of Goryeo , the country was again reorganized into 5 do , and the provinces of Gangnam and Haeyang were merged to form the province of Jeollaju (全羅州道). The name derived from the names of the principal cities of Jeonju (全州) and Naju (羅州). (The difference between na- and -la

532-431: The second year of the reign of Seongjong of Goryeo , the country was reorganized into 12 mok . Jeonju became Jeonju-mok (全州牧), while Muju was split into the two mok of Naju and Seungju. In 995, King Seongjong again reorganized the country, this time into 10 do (Korean:  도 ; Hanja:  道 ; lit.  province). Jeonju-mok was renamed Gangnam-do ( lit.   ' province south of

560-467: The southwest, Namwon ( 남원부 ; 南原府 ; Namwonbu ) in the east, and Jeju ( 제주부 ; 濟州府 ; Jejubu ) on Jeju-do . On August 4, 1896, Emperor Gojong issued Royal Order 36, repealing the district system and restoring the province system. Jeolla was divided north-south into North Jeolla Province and South Jeolla Province . Also divided were Chungcheong Province , Gyeongsang Province , Hamgyong Province and Pyongan Province , bringing

588-625: The support of the commoners and of many influential figures in the government; Yi Pang-wŏn also helped in the founding of Joseon by assassinating powerful officials who remained loyal to Goryeo , most prominently Chŏng Mong-ju . After contributing heavily to the overthrowing of the previous dynasty and the establishment of Joseon, he expected to be appointed as successor to the throne. However, his father and Chief State Councillor Jeong Do-jeon favored Taejo's eighth son and Yi Pang-wŏn's youngest half-brother (second son of Queen Sindeok ), Yi Pang-sŏk. This conflict arose chiefly because Jeong Do-jeon, as

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616-457: The total to 13 provinces. North Jeolla Province consisted of the Jeonju and northern Namwon districts, while South Jeolla Province consisted of the southern Namwon districts, Naju district, and Jeju island. Jeonju was retained as the capital of North Jeolla, with Gwangju being made the capital of South Jeolla. The capital of South Jeolla was later moved to Namak in 2005, and Gwangju was designated

644-491: Was anti-Japanese sentiment due to the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598) . On May 26, 1895, Gojong of Korea replaced the 8 do system with a 23 [[Provinces of Korea#Districts of Late Joseon| bu ]] district system and Jeolla was replaced by the districts of Jeonju ( Korean :  전주부 ; Hanja :  全州府 ; RR :  Jeonjubu ) in the northwest, Naju ( 나주부 ; 羅州府 ; Najubu ) in

672-451: Was a straight hardliner — he attacked the Jurchens at the northern border and the Japanese pirates on the southern coast. Taejong is also remembered for being the initiator behind the Ōei Invasion of Tsushima Island in 1419. He set up the system of hopae , an early form of identification which consisted of tags recording the bearer's name and residence; those tags were used to control

700-588: Was the third monarch of the Joseon of Korea and the father of Sejong the Great . He was the fifth son of King Taejo , the founder of the dynasty. Before ascending to the throne, he was known as Prince Jeongan ( 정안군 ; 靖安君 ). Born in 1367 as the fifth son of Yi Sŏng-gye and his first wife Lady Han , Yi Pang-wŏn qualified as an official in 1382. He studied under Confucian scholars such as Won Cheon-seok . During his early years, he assisted his father in gathering

728-434: Was to abolish the privilege to maintain private armies which was enjoyed by the aristocracy and the upper echelons of the government. His revoking of the right to keep independent forces effectively severed the upper class' ability to muster large-scale revolts, and drastically increased the number of soldiers employed by the national army. Taejong's next act was to revise the existing legislation concerning land taxation. With

756-519: Was variously known as Gwangnam, Jeongwang, and Jeonnam, but the original name persisted, and was eventually shortened to simply Jeolla-do (全羅道). The Donghak Peasant Revolution of 1894–1895 began in Jeolla-do, which was a peasant revolt fueled by the fervor of the believed coming of a local messiah and protests over Seoul's high taxes on rice and the increasing number of Japanese traders in Joseon. There

784-475: Was vilified throughout the dynasty, while Chŏng Mong-ju was revered in spite of his opposition to its founding. Taejong promoted Confucianism as the state ideology, thus demoting Buddhism , which consequently never recovered the glory and great power it had enjoyed during the Goryeo period. He closed many Buddhist temples; their vast possessions were seized and added to the national treasury. In foreign policy, he

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