81-502: Friedrich Ernst Peter Hirzebruch ForMemRS (17 October 1927 – 27 May 2012) was a German mathematician, working in the fields of topology , complex manifolds and algebraic geometry , and a leading figure in his generation. He has been described as "the most important mathematician in Germany of the postwar period." Hirzebruch was born in Hamm , Westphalia in 1927. His father, of the same name,
162-504: A writ of mandamus requiring the case to be adjudicated by the Archbishop of Dublin and the Primate of Ireland . The decision of Richard Whately and John George de la Poer Beresford was that Heron would remain excluded from Scholarship. This decision confirmed that persons who were not Anglicans (Presbyterians were also affected) could not be elected to Scholarship or Fellowship or be made
243-735: A Chair (all of whom are Fellows of the Royal Society ). Members of the 10 Sectional Committees change every three years to mitigate in-group bias . Each Sectional Committee covers different specialist areas including: New Fellows are admitted to the Society at a formal admissions day ceremony held annually in July, when they sign the Charter Book and the Obligation which reads: "We who have hereunto subscribed, do hereby promise, that we will endeavour to promote
324-877: A graduate of either Oxford, Cambridge or Dublin can be conferred the equivalent degree ( Oxon, Cantab et Dubl ) at either of the other two without further examination. The Library of Trinity College is a legal deposit for Ireland and the United Kingdom . It is the largest library in the country and has housed the Book of Kells since 1661 and the Brian Boru harp since 1782. The university has produced many eminent poets, playwrights, authors, novelists and filmmakers, including Oscar Wilde ( The Happy Prince ) , Jonathan Swift ( Gulliver's Travels ) , Sheridan Le Fanu ( Carmilla ) , Bram Stoker ( Dracula ) , Oliver Goldsmith ( The Vicar of Wakefield ) , William Congreve ( The Way of
405-684: A herb garden on the main campus, is located in Dartry , around four kilometres south of the main campus, and it also owns a large set of residences on the Dartry Road , in Rathmines , called Trinity Hall . A new physic or herb garden was opened in 2011, and there are also small gardens in the space known as Botany Bay and at the rear of the Provost's House. In November 2018, Trinity announced plans, estimated at €230 million, to develop university research facilities on
486-605: A matter of controversy, given George Berkeley 's history as a slave trader, leading to a petition for renaming from the Students Union. In August 2022, incoming Student Union President Gabi Fullam announced that the Students Union would refer to the library as the "X Library" in all official communications pending renaming. In April 2023, Trinity College announced that it would dename the Berkeley Library, and in October 2024 it
567-559: A new university, which on account of Trinity College would be part Anglican. Ultimately this episode led to the creation of the National University of Ireland . Trinity College was one of the targets of the Volunteer and Citizen Army forces during the 1916 Easter Rising but was successfully defended by a small number of unionist students, most of whom were members of the university Officers' Training Corps . From July 1917 to March 1918
648-459: A number of buildings nearby in central Dublin, as well as an enterprise centre near Ringsend and a botanic garden in Dartry . Patrick Wyse Jackson, curator of the Geological Museum at Trinity, assessed the architectural merits of the entrance and entry buildings in 1993: "The imposing entrance to Trinity College, consisting of a central area flanked by two square pavilions, was built in
729-470: A period, graduation required the taking of an oath that was objectionable to them. In 1793, this requirement was removed but certain restrictions on membership of the college remained, as professorships, fellowships and scholarships were reserved for Protestants. During the 18th century, Trinity College was seen as the university of the Protestant Ascendancy . The Parliament of Ireland , meeting on
810-424: A professor. But within three decades of this, all disabilities imposed on Catholics were repealed. In 1873, all religious tests, except for those relating to entry to the divinity school , were abolished by an Act of Parliament. Just prior to the full repeal of limitations on Catholic attendance, in 1871, Irish Catholic bishops, responding to the increased ease with which Catholics could attend an institution which
891-654: A site in Grand Canal Dock as part of an "Innovation District" for the area. These plans were later scaled back. In addition to College Park, Botany Bay and other on-campus facilities, the college also owns sports grounds in Santry and Crumlin, and a boathouse in Islandbridge. Trinity is governed in accordance with amended versions of the Letters Patent of Elizabeth I, as well as various other statutes. On several occasions
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#1732858513107972-426: A tranquil collegiate atmosphere despite its location in the centre of a capital city (and despite its being one of Dublin's most prominent tourist attractions). This is, in large part, due to the enclosed and compact design of the college, with the main buildings looking inwards, largely arranged in quadrangles (called squares), and the existence of only a few public entrances. In addition to the core campus, Trinity owns
1053-551: A visitor programme. In 2021, Linda Doyle was elected the first woman provost, succeeding Patrick Prendergast. In 2024 students set up an encampment outside the Book of Kells Museum regarding the university's ties to Israel. After five nights of protests, the administration declared that it would not renew its business relationships with Israeli companies, and the last contract will expire in March 2025. The main site of Trinity College retains
1134-648: Is a legal deposit library (as per Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003 ) for the United Kingdom, and has a similar standing in Irish law. The college is therefore legally entitled to a copy of every book published in Great Britain and Ireland, and consequently receives over 100,000 new items every year. The library contains about five million books, including 30,000 current serials and significant collections of manuscripts, maps, and printed music. Three million books are held in
1215-725: Is confirmed by the Council in April, and a secret ballot of Fellows is held at a meeting in May. A candidate is elected if they secure two-thirds of votes of those Fellows voting. An indicative allocation of 18 Fellowships can be allocated to candidates from Physical Sciences and Biological Sciences; and up to 10 from Applied Sciences, Human Sciences and Joint Physical and Biological Sciences. A further maximum of six can be 'Honorary', 'General' or 'Royal' Fellows. Nominations for Fellowship are peer reviewed by Sectional Committees, each with at least 12 members and
1296-653: Is dominated by the identical Corinthian fronts, in Leinster Granite and Portland Stone, of the Chapel on the left and the Examination Hall on the right. Further into the square on the left-hand side is the Dining Hall, restored after a fire in 1984. For reasons unknown, until 1870 the clock in the portico was set fifteen minutes after Dublin time." The main college grounds are approximately 190,000 m (47 acres), including
1377-421: Is nominated by two Fellows of the Royal Society (a proposer and a seconder), who sign a certificate of proposal. Previously, nominations required at least five fellows to support each nomination by the proposer, which was criticised for supposedly establishing an old boy network and elitist gentlemen's club . The certificate of election (see for example ) includes a statement of the principal grounds on which
1458-574: Is older, featuring the Campanile , as well as many fine buildings, including the Chapel and Examination Hall (designed by Sir William Chambers ), Graduates Memorial Building , Museum Building , and the Rubrics (the sole surviving section of the original 17th-century quadrangle), all spread across the college's five squares. The Provost's House sits a little way up from the College Front Gate such that
1539-609: Is the sole constituent college of the University of Dublin , Ireland . Founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I who issued a royal charter on the advice of the Lord Chancellor of Ireland Adam Loftus , it is Ireland's oldest university and was modelled after the collegiate universities of both Oxford and Cambridge , with whom it shares a symbiotic history. The epithets "Trinity College Dublin" and "University of Dublin" are usually considered as synonyms, as only one such college
1620-589: The Irish Times that certain state-funded County Council scholarships excluded Trinity College from the list of approved institutions. This, he suggested, amounted to religious discrimination, which was forbidden by the Constitution. It has been said of the period before Éire left the Commonwealth that "The overwhelming majority of the undergraduates were ex-unionists or, if from Northern Ireland, unionists. Loyalty to
1701-680: The Max-Planck-Institut für Mathematik in 1981. More than 300 people gathered in celebration of his 80th birthday in Bonn in 2007. The Hirzebruch–Riemann–Roch theorem (1954) for complex manifolds was a major advance and quickly became part of the mainstream developments around the classical Riemann–Roch theorem ; it was also a precursor of the Atiyah–Singer index theorem and Grothendieck's powerful generalisation . Hirzebruch's book Neue topologische Methoden in der algebraischen Geometrie (1956)
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#17328585131071782-698: The Academia Europaea and the European Academy of Arts and Sciences. Hirzebruch was the president of the German Mathematical Society in 1962 and 1990, first after the foundation of a separate Eastern German mathematical due to the German division, and then again after the collapse of the wall which led to the unification of the East and West German Mathematical societies. He was also the first President of
1863-811: The Cantor medal in 2004. Hirzebruch was a foreign member of numerous academies and societies, including the United States National Academy of Sciences , the Russian Academy of Sciences , the Royal Society and the French Academy of Sciences . In 1980–81 he delivered the first Sackler Distinguished Lecture in Israel. He was also a member of academies of Russia, Poland, Ukraine, Israel, Finland, Hungary, Netherlands, Göttingen , Austria, and Ireland as well as
1944-674: The Chief Secretary for Ireland proposed the reconstitution of the University of Dublin . A "Dublin University Defence Committee" was created and successfully campaigned against any change to the status quo, while the Catholic bishops' rejection of the idea ensured its failure among the Catholic population. Chief among the bishops' concerns was the remains of the Catholic University of Ireland, which would become subsumed into
2025-696: The European Mathematical Society from 1990 to 1994. In this way, he rebuilt the mathematical life in both Germany and Europe after the war. Fellow of the Royal Society Fellowship of the Royal Society ( FRS , ForMemRS and HonFRS ) is an award granted by the Fellows of the Royal Society of London to individuals who have made a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge , including mathematics , engineering science , and medical science ". Fellowship of
2106-626: The Irish Convention met in the college in an attempt to address the political aftermath of the Easter Rising. (Subsequently, following the failure of the Convention to reach "substantial agreement", the Irish Free State was set up in 1922.) In the post-independence period, Trinity College suffered from a cool relationship with the new state. On 3 May 1955, the provost, A.J. McConnell, wrote in
2187-697: The Lecky Library, attached to the Arts building; and the Ussher Library, which, opening in 2003, overlooks College Park and houses the Glucksman Map Library. The Glucksman Library contains half a million printed maps, the largest collection of cartographic materials in Ireland. This includes the first Ordnance Surveys of Ireland, conducted in the early 19th century. The name of the Berkeley Library recently became
2268-531: The Reformation . After that, and some debate about a new university at St. Patrick's Cathedral, in 1592 a small group of Dublin citizens obtained a charter by way of letters patent from Queen Elizabeth incorporating Trinity College at the former site of the disbanded Augustinian Priory of All Hallows , immediately southeast of the city walls, provided by the Corporation of Dublin . The college's first provost
2349-426: The post-nominal letters FRS . Every year, fellows elect up to ten new foreign members. Like fellows, foreign members are elected for life through peer review on the basis of excellence in science. As of 2016 , there are around 165 foreign members, who are entitled to use the post-nominal ForMemRS . Honorary Fellowship is an honorary academic title awarded to candidates who have given distinguished service to
2430-425: The undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Admissions to the college are based exclusively on academic merit, with its courses in law, literature and humanities being highly selective. Trinity College Dublin is one of the seven ancient universities of Great Britain and Ireland, and it is a sister college to both St John's College, Cambridge , and Oriel College, Oxford . By incorporation ( Ad eundem ) ,
2511-448: The 1750s of Leinster Granite from Golden Hill, Co Wicklow, and Portland Stone was used for the architraves , swags , and Corinthian pilasters and half-columns... The masonry cost £27,000. Between 1990 and 1992 the central portion of the building was cleaned. Passing through the gateway one walks over a wooden floor of interlocking hexagonal setts (similar in pattern to the basaltic Giant's Causeway ), and into Parliament Square, which
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2592-626: The 1950s, at the height of Archbishop McQuaid's efforts In 1944 Archbishop of Dublin John Charles McQuaid required Catholics in the Dublin archdiocese to obtain a special dispensation before entering the university, under threat of automatic excommunication . The ban was extended nationally at the Plenary Synod of Maynooth in August 1956. Despite this sectarianism, 1958 saw the first Catholic reach
2673-538: The Board of Trinity as a Senior Fellow . In 1962 the School of Commerce and the School of Social Studies amalgamated to form the School of Business and Social Studies. In 1969 several schools and departments were grouped into Faculties as follows: Arts (Humanities and Letters); Business, Economic and Social Studies; Engineering and Systems Sciences; Health Sciences (since October 1977 all undergraduate teaching in dental science in
2754-650: The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin , is headed by the provost. Linda Doyle has been provost since August 2021. The terms " University of Dublin " and "Trinity College" are generally considered synonymous for all practical purposes. Trinity was originally founded using the model of the University of Oxford and University of Cambridge in England , which are collegiate universities that each comprise several quasi-independent colleges. In one sense,
2835-510: The Crown was instinctive and they were proud to be British subjects and Commonwealth citizens", and that "The College still clung, so far as circumstances permitted, to its pre-Treaty loyalties, symbolized by the flying of the Union Jack on suitable occasions and a universal wearing of poppies on Armistice Day, the chapel being packed for the two minutes' silence followed by a lusty rendering of 'God Save
2916-558: The DIT obtained degree-granting powers of its own. The School of Pharmacy was established in 1977, and around the same time, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine was transferred to University College Dublin in exchange for its Dental School. Student numbers increased sharply during the 1980s and 1990s, with total enrolment more than doubling, leading to pressure on resources and a subsequent investment programme. In 1991, Thomas Noel Mitchell became
2997-673: The Dublin area has been in Trinity College); and Science. In the late 1960s, there was a proposal for University College Dublin , of the National University of Ireland, to become a constituent college of a newly reconstituted University of Dublin. This plan, suggested by Brian Lenihan and Donogh O'Malley , was dropped after officials of both universities opposed it. In 1970 the Catholic Church lifted its ban on Catholics attending
3078-684: The House is actually on Grafton Street , one of the two principal shopping streets in the city, while its garden faces into the college. The Douglas Hyde Gallery , a contemporary art gallery, is in the college, as is the Samuel Beckett Theatre. It hosts national and international performances and is used by the Dublin International Theatre Festival, the Dublin Dance Festival, and The Fringe Festival, among others. During
3159-530: The King...". "But by the close of the 1960s... Trinity, with the overwhelming majority of its undergraduate population coming from the Republic, to a great extent conformed to local patterns". The School of Commerce was established in 1925, and the School of Social Studies in 1934. Also in 1934, the first female professor was appointed. Young men may loot, perjure and shoot And even have carnal knowledge. But however depraved, their souls will be saved If they don't go to Trinity College. —verse popular in
3240-408: The Naughton Institute on the college's Pearse Street side, includes an Innovation and Entrepreneurial hub, a 600-seat auditorium, "smart classrooms" with digital technology, and an "executive education centre". The near-zero energy building provides a link between the city and the main University grounds. Trinity also incorporates a number of buildings and facilities spread throughout the city, from
3321-451: The Old Library receives 600,000 visitors per year, making it Dublin's third-most visited tourist destination. In the 18th century, the college received the Brian Boru harp , one of the three surviving medieval Gaelic harps, and a national symbol of Ireland, now housed in the library. The buildings known as the college's BLU ( B erkeley L ecky U ssher) Arts library complex consist of the Berkeley Library in Fellow's Square, built in 1956;
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3402-439: The Royal Society has been described by The Guardian as "the equivalent of a lifetime achievement Oscar " with several institutions celebrating their announcement each year. Up to 60 new Fellows (FRS), honorary (HonFRS) and foreign members (ForMemRS) are elected annually in late April or early May, from a pool of around 700 proposed candidates each year. New Fellows can only be nominated by existing Fellows for one of
3483-1344: The Society, the oldest known scientific academy in continuous existence, is a significant honour. It has been awarded to many eminent scientists throughout history, including Isaac Newton (1672), Benjamin Franklin (1756), Charles Babbage (1816), Michael Faraday (1824), Charles Darwin (1839), Ernest Rutherford (1903), Srinivasa Ramanujan (1918), Jagadish Chandra Bose (1920), Albert Einstein (1921), Paul Dirac (1930), Winston Churchill (1941), Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (1944), Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis (1945), Dorothy Hodgkin (1947), Alan Turing (1951), Lise Meitner (1955), Satyendra Nath Bose (1958), and Francis Crick (1959). More recently, fellowship has been awarded to Stephen Hawking (1974), David Attenborough (1983), Tim Hunt (1991), Elizabeth Blackburn (1992), Raghunath Mashelkar (1998), Tim Berners-Lee (2001), Venki Ramakrishnan (2003), Atta-ur-Rahman (2006), Andre Geim (2007), Bai Chunli (2014), James Dyson (2015), Ajay Kumar Sood (2015), Subhash Khot (2017), Elon Musk (2018), Elaine Fuchs (2019) and around 8,000 others in total, including over 280 Nobel Laureates since 1900. As of October 2018 , there are approximately 1,689 living Fellows, Foreign and Honorary Members, of whom 85 are Nobel Laureates. Fellowship of
3564-596: The Society, we shall be free from this Obligation for the future". Since 2014, portraits of Fellows at the admissions ceremony have been published without copyright restrictions in Wikimedia Commons under a more permissive Creative Commons license which allows wider re-use. In addition to the main fellowships of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS & HonFRS), other fellowships are available which are applied for by individuals, rather than through election. These fellowships are research grant awards and holders are known as Royal Society Research Fellows . In addition to
3645-403: The Trinity College Enterprise Centre some distance away, and buildings provide around 200,000 m of floor space, ranging from works of older architecture to more modern buildings. The college's main entrance is on College Green, and its grounds are bounded by Nassau and Pearse Streets. The college is bisected by College Park , which has both a cricket and a rugby pitch. The college's western side
3726-490: The World ) , Samuel Beckett ( Waiting for Godot ) , Sally Rooney ( Normal People ) , Eoin Colfer ( Artemis Fowl ) , William Trevor ( Felicia's Journey ) , J. P. Donleavy ( The Ginger Man ) , Thomas Moore ( Lalla Rookh ) , Nahum Tate ( The History of King Lear ) , David Benioff ( Troy ) and D.B. Weiss ( Game of Thrones ) . Alumni also include 4 Presidents of Ireland and 4 Nobel Laureates , as well as academics, mathematicians and philosophers who shaped
3807-478: The academic term, it is predominantly used as a teaching and performance space for drama students and staff. The college's eastern side is occupied by science buildings, most of which are modern developments, arranged in three rows instead of quadrangles. In 2010, Forbes ranked it one of the 15 most beautiful college grounds in the world. The current chapel was completed in 1798, and was designed by George III's architect, Sir William Chambers , who also designed
3888-416: The age of 84 on 27 May 2012. Amongst many other honours, Hirzebruch was awarded the Wolf Prize in Mathematics in 1988 and a Lobachevsky Medal in 1989. The government of Japan awarded him the Order of the Sacred Treasure in 1996 and the Seki-Takakazu prize of the Mathematical Society of Japan (MSJ) in 1997. Hirzebruch won an Einstein Medal of the Albert Einstein Society in Bern in 1999, and received
3969-398: The award of Fellowship (FRS, HonFRS & ForMemRS) and the Research Fellowships described above, several other awards, lectures and medals of the Royal Society are also given. Trinity College Dublin Trinity College Dublin ( Irish : Coláiste na Tríonóide, Bhaile Átha Cliath ), officially titled The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin ,
4050-498: The bishops saw as thoroughly Protestant in ethos, and in light of the establishment of the Catholic University of Ireland , implemented a general ban on Catholics entering Trinity College, with few exceptions. "The ban", despite its longevity, is associated in the popular mind with Archbishop of Dublin John Charles McQuaid , as he was made responsible for enforcing it from 1956 until the Catholic Bishops of Ireland rescinded it in 1970, shortly before McQuaid's retirement. Until 1956, it
4131-436: The book depository, "Stacks", in Santry , from which requests are retrieved twice daily. The Library proper comprises several buildings in the college. The original (Old) Library is Thomas Burgh's masterpiece. A huge building, it originally towered over the university and city after its completion. Even today, surrounded by similarly scaled buildings, it is imposing and dominates the view of the university from Nassau Street. It
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#17328585131074212-481: The cause of science, but do not have the kind of scientific achievements required of Fellows or Foreign Members. Honorary Fellows include the World Health Organization's Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus (2022), Bill Bryson (2013), Melvyn Bragg (2010), Robin Saxby (2015), David Sainsbury, Baron Sainsbury of Turville (2008), Onora O'Neill (2007), John Maddox (2000), Patrick Moore (2001) and Lisa Jardine (2015). Honorary Fellows are entitled to use
4293-529: The college seeks to compete for funding at the global level. Comparative funding statistics reviewing the difference in departmental unit costs and overall costs before and after this restructuring are not apparent. The Hamilton Mathematics Institute in Trinity College, named in honour of William Rowan Hamilton , was launched in 2005 and aims to improve the international profile of Irish mathematics, to raise public awareness of mathematics and to support local mathematical research through workshops, conferences and
4374-403: The college without special dispensation. At the same time, Trinity College authorities invited the appointment of a Catholic chaplain to be based in the college. There are now two such Catholic chaplains. From 1975, the Colleges of Technology that now form the Dublin Institute of Technology had their degrees conferred by the University of Dublin. This arrangement was discontinued in 1998 when
4455-457: The college's Roman Catholic members. In addition to the Anglican chaplain, who is known as the Dean of Residence, there are two Roman Catholic chaplains and one Methodist chaplain. Ecumenical events are often held in the chapel, such as the annual carol service and the service of thanksgiving on Trinity Monday. The Library of Trinity College is Ireland's largest research library. As a result of its historic standing, Trinity College Library Dublin
4536-421: The endowments, considerable landed estates were secured and new fellowships were founded. The books which formed the foundation of the great library were acquired, a curriculum was devised and statutes were framed. Trinity was originally the university of the Protestant Ascendancy for much of its history, given the conditions for its establishment. While Catholics were admitted from the college's foundation, for
4617-408: The equivalent change at the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford . Certain disabilities remained. In December 1845 Denis Caulfield Heron was the subject of a hearing at Trinity College. He had previously been examined and, on merit, declared a Scholar of the college, but had not been allowed to take up his place due to his Catholic religion. Heron appealed to the Courts, which issued
4698-404: The fellowships described below: Every year, up to 52 new fellows are elected from the United Kingdom, the rest of the Commonwealth of Nations , and Ireland, which make up around 90% of the society. Each candidate is considered on their merits and can be proposed from any sector of the scientific community. Fellows are elected for life on the basis of excellence in science and are entitled to use
4779-455: The first Roman Catholic elected Provost of Trinity College. Trinity College is today in the centre of Dublin. At the beginning of the new century, it embarked on a radical overhaul of academic structures to reallocate funds and reduce administration costs, resulting in, for instance, the reduction from six to five to eventually three faculties under a subsequent restructuring. The ten-year strategic plan prioritises four research themes with which
4860-499: The founding Letters Patent were amended by succeeding monarchs, such as James I in 1613 and most notably Charles I in 1637 - he increased the number of fellows from seven to 16, established the Board – then the Provost and the seven senior Fellows – and reduced the panel of Visitors in size. Further major changes were made in the reign of Queen Victoria, and more again by the Oireachtas , including in 2000. The college, officially incorporated as The Provost, Fellows and Scholars of
4941-427: The good of the Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, and to pursue the ends for which the same was founded; that we will carry out, as far as we are able, those actions requested of us in the name of the Council; and that we will observe the Statutes and Standing Orders of the said Society. Provided that, whensoever any of us shall signify to the President under our hands, that we desire to withdraw from
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#17328585131075022-458: The intellectual heritage of western Europe. Notable faculty and lecturers at the university included Humphrey Lloyd , J. B. Bury , Erwin Schrödinger and E. T. Whittaker . A medieval University of Dublin was founded in 1320 under a papal brief issued by Pope Clement V in 1311, and the university maintained an intermittent existence at St. Patrick's Cathedral over the following centuries, but it did not flourish and finally came to an end at
5103-426: The many discoveries found between these different fields. His work influenced a generation of prominent mathematicians like Kunihiko Kodaira , John Milnor , Borel, Atiyah, Raoul Bott and Jean-Pierre Serre . In March 1945, Hirzebruch became a soldier, and in April, in the last weeks of Hitler's rule, he was taken prisoner by the British forces then invading Germany from the west. When a British soldier found that he
5184-466: The mathematical world for the last 60 years and was a major source of developments in topology , geometry , group theory , number theory as well as mathematical physics in a few decades' time. He also established the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics at Bonn in 1980. The institute became the place for the Arbeitstagung and Hirzebruch was its director until 1995. The second Arbeitstagung began in 1993 and continues to this day. From 1970 to 1971 he
5265-436: The other side of College Green, made generous grants for building. The first building of this period was the Old Library, begun in 1712, followed by The Printing House and the Dining Hall. During the second half of the century, Parliament Square slowly emerged. The great building drive was completed in the early 19th century by Botany Bay, the square which derives its name in part from the herb garden it once contained (and which
5346-440: The politics and sociology departments on Dame Street to the Faculty of Health Sciences buildings, located at St. James's Hospital and Tallaght University Hospital . The Trinity Centre at St James's Hospital incorporates additional teaching rooms, as well as the Institute of Molecular Medicine and John Durkan Leukaemia Institute. The library has a large book depository in Santry. The college's botanic garden, which developed from
5427-460: The post nominal letters HonFRS . Statute 12 is a legacy mechanism for electing members before official honorary membership existed in 1997. Fellows elected under statute 12 include David Attenborough (1983) and John Palmer, 4th Earl of Selborne (1991). The Council of the Royal Society can recommend members of the British royal family for election as Royal Fellow of the Royal Society . As of 2023 there are four royal fellows: Elizabeth II
5508-493: The proposal is being made. There is no limit on the number of nominations made each year. In 2015, there were 654 candidates for election as Fellows and 106 candidates for Foreign Membership. The Council of the Royal Society oversees the selection process and appoints 10 subject area committees, known as Sectional Committees, to recommend the strongest candidates for election to the Fellowship. The final list of up to 52 Fellowship candidates and up to 10 Foreign Membership candidates
5589-404: The public theatre opposite the chapel on Parliament Square. Reflecting the college's Anglican heritage, there are daily services of Morning prayer , weekly services of Evensong , and Holy Communion is celebrated on Tuesdays and Sundays. It is no longer compulsory for students to attend these. The chapel has been ecumenical since 1970, and is now also used daily in the celebration of Mass for
5670-470: Was a basic text for the 'new methods' of sheaf theory , in complex algebraic geometry . He went on to write the foundational papers on topological K-theory with Michael Atiyah , and collaborated with Armand Borel on the theory of characteristic classes . In his later work, he provided a detailed theory of Hilbert modular surfaces , with Don Zagier . He even found connections between the Dedekind sum in number theory and differential topology , one of
5751-408: Was a maths teacher. Hirzebruch studied at the University of Münster from 1945 to 1950, with one year at ETH Zürich . Hirzebruch then held a position at Erlangen , followed by the years 1952–54 at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey . After one year at Princeton University 1955–56, he was made a professor at the University of Bonn , where he remained, becoming director of
5832-630: Was ever established in Ireland. The university was established to consolidate the rule of the Tudor monarchy in Ireland. Named after the Holy Trinity , it stands on the former grounds of the Augustinian Priory of All Hallows , and served as the principal university of the ruling Protestant Ascendancy elites for over two centuries. Academically, it is divided into three faculties comprising 23 schools, offering degree and diploma courses at both
5913-564: Was founded with the college and first endowed by James Ussher (1625–56), Archbishop of Armagh, who endowed his own valuable library, comprising several thousand printed books and manuscripts, to the college. The Book of Kells is by far the Library's most famous book and is in the Old Library, along with the Book of Durrow , the Book of Howth and other ancient texts. Also incorporating the Long Room,
5994-535: Was in a position to play its full part, with such teachers as Graves and Stokes, in the great age of Dublin medicine. The Engineering School was established in 1842 and was one of the first of its kind in Ireland and Britain. While Catholics were officially admitted from the foundation, graduation was complicated by the requirement of oaths. Following early steps in Catholic Emancipation , these oaths were removed, allowing Catholics to graduate in 1793, before
6075-421: Was not a Royal Fellow, but provided her patronage to the society, as all reigning British monarchs have done since Charles II of England . Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (1951) was elected under statute 12, not as a Royal Fellow. The election of new fellows is announced annually in May, after their nomination and a period of peer-reviewed selection. Each candidate for Fellowship or Foreign Membership
6156-728: Was renamed the Eavan Boland Library after the Irish poet Eavan Boland . The Library also includes the William Hamilton Science and Engineering Library and the John Stearne Medical Library, housed at St James's Hospital. The Trinity College Business School's building is in an €80 million construction project and was inaugurated on 23 May 2019 by the Taoiseach , Leo Varadkar , an alumnus of Trinity College School of Medicine. The six-storey building, adjoining
6237-592: Was studying mathematics, he drove him home, released him, and told him to continue studying. Hirzebruch is famous for organizing the Mathematische Arbeitstagung ("working meetings" in German) in Bonn University , beginning in 1957, and the first speakers include Atiyah, Jacques Tits , Alexander Grothendieck , Hans Grauert , Nicolaas Kuiper , and Hirzebruch himself. It allowed international cooperation in
6318-416: Was succeeded by Trinity College's own Botanic Gardens). The 19th century was also marked by important developments in the professional schools. The law school was reorganized after the middle of the century. Medical teaching had been given in the college since 1711, but it was only after the establishment of the school on a firm basis by legislation in 1800, and under the inspiration of one Macartney, that it
6399-409: Was the Archbishop of Dublin , Adam Loftus (after whose former college at Cambridge the institution was named), and he was provided with two initial Fellows, James Hamilton and James Fullerton . Two years after the foundation, a few Fellows and students began to work in the new college, which then lay around one small square. During the 50 years following the foundation, the community increased
6480-700: Was the Donegall Lecturer in Mathematics at Trinity College Dublin . According to the Mathematics Genealogy Project , Hirzebruch has supervised the doctoral studies of 52 mathematicians. Some of them include Egbert Brieskorn , Matthias Kreck , Don Zagier , Detlef Gromoll , Klaus Jänich, Lothar Göttsche , Dietmar Arlt, Winfried Scharlau , Walter Neumann, Wolfgang Meyer, Kang Zuo, Hans Scheerer, Erich Ossa, Klaus Lamotke, Eduardo Mendoza, Dimitrios Dais and Friedhelm Waldhausen . Hirzebruch died at
6561-459: Was the responsibility of each local bishop. In April 1900, Queen Victoria visited College Green in Dublin. Women were admitted to Trinity College as full members for the first time in 1904. From 1904 to 1907, women from Oxford and Cambridge, who were admitted but not granted degrees, came to Trinity College to receive their ad eundem degree ; they were known as Steamboat ladies and the fees they paid helped to fund Trinity Hall . In 1907,
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