Misplaced Pages

#975024

28-441: Although Hippodamia does not speak within her mythologies, she is spoken about by both Onemous and Pelops. It is stated that Hippodamia is Onemous' only joy, and is a virtuous child. Onemous considered many men inferior to his daughter. Hippodamia was the daughter of King Oenomaus of Pisa either by Sterope , daughter of Atlas and Pleione , Evarete , daughter of Acrisius and Eurydice , or Eurythoe , daughter of Danaus . She

56-446: A chariot drawn by winged horses to appear. In an episode that was added to the simple heroic chariot race, Pelops, still unsure of his fate, convinced Oenomaus's charioteer, Myrtilus , a son of Hermes , to help him win. Myrtilus agreed to Pelops' wishes as Pelops promised him half of Oenomaus' kingdom and the first night in bed with Hippodamia. The night before the race, while Myrtilus was putting Oenomaus's chariot together, he replaced

84-461: A cliff into the sea as he cursed him) after the latter attempted to claim Hippodamia. As Myrtilus died, he cursed Pelops. This was the source of the curse that haunted descendants of Pelops', including Atreus , Thyestes , Agamemnon , Aegisthus , Menelaus and Orestes . Also, the burial place of Myrtilus was a taraxippus in Olympia, a "horse-frightening place" during races. In memory of Oenomaus,

112-429: A cliff into the sea. As Myrtilus died, he cursed Pelops and Hippodamia. Although this curse didn't affect Pelops and Hippodamia's prosperity, as they came to have fourteen children, the curse was enacted and haunted Hippodamia and Pelops' children Atreus and Thyestes as well as their descendants Agamemnon , Aegisthus , Menelaus and Orestes . The first cult site of Hippodamia and Pelops appeared in Olympia, called

140-480: A monument in honor of all the suitors who preceded him, and lists their names: Pelops son of King Tantalus of Lydia, came to ask for her hand and prepared to race Oenomaus. Worried about losing, Pelops went to the seaside and invoked Poseidon, his former lover. Reminding Poseidon of their love ("Aphrodite's sweet gifts"), he asked Poseidon for help. Smiling, Poseidon caused a chariot drawn by winged horses to appear. Pelops and Hippodamia, very much in love, devised

168-424: A plan to replace the bronze linchpins attaching the wheels to the chariot axle with fake ones made of beeswax. The race began, and went on for a long time. But just as Oenomaus was catching up to Pelops and readying to kill him, the wheels flew off and the chariot broke apart. Oenomaus' charioteer, Myrtilus , survived, but Oenomaus was dragged to death by his horses. Pelops then killed Myrtilus (by throwing him off

196-424: A prophecy that claimed he would be killed by his son-in-law. So when suitors arrived, he told them they could marry his daughter only if they defeated him in a chariot race , and if they lost, they would be executed. Eighteen suitors of Hippodamia had perished in this way, and Oenamaus had affixed their heads to the wooden columns of his palace. Pausanias was shown what was purported to be the last standing column in

224-436: A ramp on the east side. Because the main structure was of a local poros stone that was unattractive and of poor quality, it was coated with a thin layer of stucco to give the appearance of marble so as to match the sculptural decoration. It was roofed with tiles of Pentelic marble , cut thin enough to be translucent, so that on a summer's day, "light comparable to a conventional 20-watt bulb would have shone through each of

252-513: Is generally skeptical about stories of humans descending from gods, makes Oenomaus son of a mortal father, Alxion. John Tzetzes adduces a version which, in the same vein, calls Oenomaus son of a Hyperochus by Sterope. The genealogy offered in the earliest literary reference, Euripides ' Iphigenia in Tauris , would place him two generations before the Trojan War , making him the great-grandfather of

280-609: The Severe style , now attributed to the " Olympia Master " and his studio. The Eastern pediment depicts the chariot race between Pelops and Oenomaus , while the Western pediment features a Centauromachy with Theseus and the Lapiths . The god Apollo is featured on the western pediment pointing towards the human side in the Centauromachy, indicating his favor, and towards the northern side of

308-471: The cella (inner chamber) into three aisles. An echo of the temple's original appearance can be seen in the Second Temple of Hera at Paestum, which closely followed its form. Pausanias visited the site in the second century AD and states that the temple's height up to the pediment was 68 feet (20.7 m), its breadth was 95 feet (29.0 m), and its length 230 feet (70.1 m). It was approached by

SECTION 10

#1732854805976

336-569: The river god Phliasian Asopus , the armed ( harpe ) spirit of a spring near Pisa) or Sterope , one of the Pleiades , whom some identify as his consort instead. He married, if not Sterope, then Evarete of Argos , the daughter of Acrisius and Eurydice . Yet others give Eurythoe , daughter of Danaus , either as his mother or consort. His children besides Hippodamia were Leucippus (who perished because of his love for Daphne ) and Alcippe (mother of Marpessa by Evenus ). Pausanias , who

364-426: The "courtship" of Hippodamia with animal husbandry taboos of Elis, and the influence of Elis at Olympia that grew in the seventh century. Oenomaus In Greek mythology , King Oenomaus (also Oenamaus ; Ancient Greek : Οἰνόμαος , Oinómaos ) of Pisa , was the father of Hippodamia and the son of Ares . His name Oinomaos denotes a wine man. Oenomaeus' mother was either naiad Harpina (daughter of

392-455: The 1,000 tiles." From the edge of the roof projected 102 waterspouts or gargoyles in the shape of lion heads, of which 39 are extant. Incongruities in the styles of the spouts provide evidence that the roof was repaired during the Roman period . The sculptural decoration in imported Parian marble featured carved metopes and triglyph friezes, topped by pediments filled with sculptures in

420-471: The Atreides, Agamemnon and Menelaus . King Oenomaus, fearful of a prophecy that claimed he would be killed by his son-in-law, had killed eighteen suitors of his daughter Hippodamia after defeating them in a chariot race . He affixed their heads to the wooden columns of his palace. Pausanias was shown what was purportedly the last standing column in the late 2nd century AD; he mentions that Pelops erected

448-678: The Hippodameion. The true location of the Hippodameion remains unknown, yet the time period is thought to be during the Late Helladic period. It was thought that the Hippodameion was located near the sacred groves within Olympia, known as the Altis , yet some historians dispute this. The Hippodameion likely contained items similar to other cults that showed up around the time period, including statues of Pelops and Hippodamia along with terracotta pots depicting their stories. Walter Burkert notes that though

476-515: The Olympic Games were created (or alternatively the Olympic Games were in celebration of Pelops' victory). Oenomaus' chariot race was one legendary origin of the Olympic Games ; one of its turning-posts was preserved, and round it grew an Elean legend of a burnt "house of Oenomaus", reported by Pausanias in the 2nd century AD. Temple of Zeus, Olympia The Temple of Zeus at Olympia

504-566: The Temple was destroyed by the earthquakes of AD 522 and 551, known to have caused widespread damage in the Peloponnese, although a 2014 paper hypothesizes that the columns may have been "intentionally pulled down by ropes during the early Byzantine period". Flooding of the Kladeos river (Foundoulis et al., 2008), or by tsunami (Vott et al., 2011), led to abandonment of the area in the 6th century. Eventually

532-439: The bronze linchpins attaching the wheels to the chariot axle with fake ones made of beeswax. The race began, and went on for a long time but just as Oenomaus was catching up to Pelops and readying to kill him, the wheels flew off and the chariot broke apart. Myrtilus survived, but Oenomaus was dragged to death by his horses. When Myrtilus tried to claim his reward and lay with Hippodamia, Pelops killed Myrtilus by throwing him off

560-498: The late second century CE; the same author mentions that Pelops erected a monument in honor of all the suitors before himself, and enlists their names, which are as follows: Pelops, son of King Tantalus of Lydia, came to ask for Hippodamia's hand in marriage and prepared to race Oenomaus. Worried about losing, Pelops went to the seaside and invoked Poseidon, his former lover. Reminding Poseidon of their love (" Aphrodite 's sweet gifts"), he asked Poseidon for help. Smiling, Poseidon caused

588-418: The roof. The original floor, paved with large blocks of shell stone, was covered with water-resistant lime, which may have helped protect the statue's ivory against humidity. The Roman general Mummius dedicated twenty-one gilded shields after he sacked Corinth in 146 BC; they were fixed at the metopes of the eastern front side and the eastern half of the south side. Archaeologists have long postulated that

SECTION 20

#1732854805976

616-543: The site was covered by alluvial deposits of up to 8 meters deep. The site of the ancient sanctuary of Olympia, long forgotten under landslips and flood siltation, was identified in 1766 by the English antiquarian Richard Chandler . In May 1829, the French team of archaeologists of the " Scientific Expedition of Morea " (under the direction of Léon-Jean-Joseph Dubois and Abel Blouet ) identified with certainty and partially excavated

644-520: The story of the contest for Hippodamia's hand figures in the Hesiodic Megalai Ehoiai and on the chest of Cypselus (ca. 570 BCE) that was conserved at Olympia, and though preparations for the chariot-race figured in the east pediment of the great temple of Zeus at Olympia , the myth of the chariot race only became important at Olympia with the introduction of chariot racing in the twenty-fifth Olympiad (680 BCE). Georges Devereux connected

672-578: The temple. Pausanias reports in his Description of Greece (5.10.8) that the Eastern pedimental sculpture was created by Paeonius and the Western sculpture was carved by Alcamenes . The metopes from the temple depict the twelve labours of Heracles . The temple housed the renowned statue of Zeus , which was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World . The Chryselephantine (gold and ivory) statue

700-508: Was an ancient Greek temple in Olympia, Greece , dedicated to the god Zeus . The temple, built in the second quarter of the fifth century BC, was the very model of the fully developed classical Greek temple of the Doric order . The Temple of Zeus was built on an already ancient religious site at Olympia . The Altis , an enclosure with a sacred grove , open-air altars and the tumulus of Pelops ,

728-463: Was approximately 13 m (43 ft) high, and was made by the sculptor Phidias in his workshop on the site at Olympia. The statue's completion took approximately 13 years (470–457 BC) and was one of Classical Greece's most revered artistic works. The installation of the colossal statue coincided with substantial modification of the cella. The internal columns and their stylobates were dismantled and repositioned, which likely necessitated retiling

756-469: Was first formed during the tenth and ninth centuries BC. The temple was constructed between c.  472 and 456 BC. The temple was of peripteral form with a frontal pronaos (porch), mirrored by a similar arrangement at the back of the building, the opisthodomos . The building sat on a crepidoma (platform) of three unequal steps, the exterior columns were positioned in a six   by   thirteen arrangement, two rows of seven columns divided

784-399: Was probably the sister of Leucippus and Alcippe , wife of Evenus and mother of Marpessa . Hippodamia married Pelops , son of King Tantalus of Lydia , and their children are as follows: Astydameia, Atreus , Corpreus , Dias, Eurydice, Hippalcimus, Hippasus, Lysidice, Mytilene, Nicippe, Pittheus , Thyestes , and Troezen. Hippodamia's father, King Oenomaus of Pisa, was fearful of

#975024