73-793: The Hibiscus Coast is a populated area on a stretch of the Hauraki Gulf coast in New Zealand 's Auckland Region . It has a population of 69,070 (June 2024), making it the 10th most populous urban area in New Zealand, and the second most populous in the Auckland Region, behind Auckland itself. As an urban area delineated by Statistics New Zealand , the Hibiscus Coast consists of Hatfields Beach , Orewa , Silverdale and Whangaparāoa Peninsula . The Auckland Council 's Hibiscus Coast subdivision of
146-588: A high ranking Ngāti Paoa woman, seasonally stayed at Whangaparāoa with his Ngāti Paoa relatives. The Hibiscus Coast area was visited by explorer Jules Dumont d'Urville in 1827 aboard the Astrolabe . d'Urville decided to name Karepiro Bay Tofino Bay after the Spanish navigator and mathematician Vicente Tofiño de San Miguel , and the Whangaparāoa Peninsula 'Buache'. The first known European to step ashore onto
219-624: A house adjacent to the Waiwera Hot Pools , publicising the hot pools as a tourist destination from 1848 onwards. In 1864, the Waiwera hot springs hotel was constructed, and by 1878 ferry services operated between Auckland and the hotel. Outside of the Wade, Ranulph Dacre acquired Weiti Station, a timber mill at modern Okura Bush Scenic Reserve in 1846, and the Polkinghorme family settled at Whangaparāoa in
292-591: A leaky building. Silverdale rapidly expanded in the early 2000s. In 2018, the Waiwera Hot Pools closed for renovations; however it never reopened. In 2023, the derelict water park was demolished. In late 2022, construction began on O Mahurangi Penlink , a new motorway between the Auckland Northern Motorway and the Whangaparāoa Peninsula , crossing the Weiti River at Stillwater and connecting
365-489: A new motorway to Whangaparāoa, crossing the Weiti River. The Hibiscus Coast is an area of the northern Auckland Region , located between the Waiwera River to the north and the Ōkura River to the south, adjacent to the Hauraki Gulf . The area includes the Whangaparāoa Peninsula and Tiritiri Matangi Island , found 3.4 kilometres (2.1 mi) east of the peninsula. Major communities on the Hibiscus Coast include Orewa ,
438-530: A number of (above-water) wildlife sanctuaries. Waiwera Waiwera is a small town in the north of the Auckland Region in New Zealand . Waiwera is 6 km north of Orewa , 6 km south-east of Puhoi , 23 km south-east of Warkworth and approximately 35 km from the Auckland City centre. The settlement lies at the outlet of a river also called Waiwera. Less than 1 kilometre north of
511-420: A population density of 418 people per km . Waiwera is part of the larger Wainui-Waiwera statistical area . Waiwera had a population of 240 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 3 people (1.3%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 48 people (25.0%) since the 2006 census . There were 150 households, comprising 123 males and 120 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.02 males per female. The median age
584-656: A population of 54,924 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 10,818 people (24.5%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 16,914 people (44.5%) since the 2006 census . There were 20,334 households, comprising 26,517 males and 28,416 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.93 males per female, with 10,320 people (18.8%) aged under 15 years, 8,667 (15.8%) aged 15 to 29, 24,294 (44.2%) aged 30 to 64, and 11,637 (21.2%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 86.0% European/ Pākehā , 7.8% Māori , 2.4% Pasifika , 10.7% Asian , and 2.3% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
657-600: A relatively common sight. There are approximately 25 species of marine mammals in the gulf. Nearly a third of the world's marine mammal species live in or visit the Marine Park. Among larger cetaceans , Bryde's whales are residents and relatively common in the Gulf, and their presence in these busily travelled waters leads to a large number of ship strikes, with sometimes several of the whales dying each year from collisions with shipping vessels or sport boats. The population remaining
730-578: A translation of "the mournful sea" for Tīkapa Moana . In traditional legend, the Hauraki Gulf is protected by a taniwha named Ureia, who takes the form of a whale. The gulf is part of the Pacific Ocean , which it joins to the north and east. It is largely protected from the Pacific by Great Barrier Island and Little Barrier Island to the north, and by the 80-kilometre-long Coromandel Peninsula to
803-703: Is a coastal feature of the North Island of New Zealand . It has an area of 4000 km , and lies between, in anticlockwise order, the Auckland Region , the Hauraki Plains , the Coromandel Peninsula , and Great Barrier Island . Most of the gulf is part of the Hauraki Gulf Marine Park. Hauraki is Māori for north wind . In 2014, the gulf was officially named Hauraki Gulf / Tīkapa Moana. The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives
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#1732851558152876-645: Is an open sanctuary, and the largest island off the Hibiscus Coast. Tiritiri Matangi is located a short distance off the end of the Whangaparāoa Peninsula adjacent to the Shakespear Regional Park . Mahurangi Island is a smaller Island which sits off the mouth of the Waiwera River , the island forms part of the Wenderholm Regional Park . The smallest island on the Hibiscus Coast is Kotanui Island (Frenchman's Cap), which sits between Matakatia and Gulf Harbour Marina . Prior to European settlement,
949-489: Is connected to the much older Motutapu Island by a causeway. The islands are separated from the mainland by the Tamaki Strait and Rangitoto Channel . Other islands in the gulf include Browns Island , Motuihe Island , Pakihi Island , Pakatoa Island , Rakino Island , and Rotoroa Island in the inner gulf, around Waiheke and Rangitoto; Tarahiki Island just east of Waiheke; Motukawao Islands and Whanganui Island in
1022-405: Is estimated to be between 100-200. In recent years, increases in numbers of migrating baleen whales are confirmed long after the end of hunting era. These are humpback whales , southern blue whales , pygmy blue whales , and southern minke whales . Less frequently, fin whales and sei whales are seen as well. For southern right whales , these whales will possibly become seasonal residents in
1095-580: Is near the end of the Whangaparaoa Peninsula, which is quite close to the wildlife reserve Tiritiri Matangi Island . Ferries transport people to the island from the harbour and back on a regular basis. From 1877 until 1974, the area was administered by the Waitemata County , a large rural county north and west of the city of Auckland. In 1974 the county was dissolved, becoming part of Rodney County , them from 1989 to 2010 Rodney District . Orewa
1168-448: The 58th (Rutlandshire) Regiment of Foot . This became the family residence of Channel Islands migrants, the de Jersey Gruts, in 1868, after the family struggled to establish a farm at Birkenhead . Orewa House was the de Jersey Grut home for three generations, becoming a commercial guest house in 1906. As kauri gum deposits became rarer, land at Orewa was developed into orchards, where apples, pears, grapes and citrus fruit were grown for
1241-504: The Coromandel Peninsula rise on either side of the Firth. Traditional Tāmaki Māori histories describe the naming of the gulf. The migratory canoes Tainui and Arawa left Raiatea at similar times, and both explored the Bay of Plenty area. The crew of both canoes met at Horuhoru Rock (Gannet Rock) , where a ceremony was held in memory for the relatives they had lost on the journey. During
1314-629: The Hibiscus and Bays includes the neighbouring communities of Waiwera and Stillwater , and Milldale in Rodney , is also described as a part of the Hibiscus Coast. Tāmaki Māori settled the Hibiscus Coast area from at least the 13th century, utilising the resources of the Weiti River , Ōrewa River and Whangaparāoa Bay, where an important shark fishery was located. After the Kawerau warrior Maki unified many of
1387-711: The Whangaparāoa Peninsula , Silverdale , and the villages of Stillwater , Hatfields Beach and Waiwera . The area is home to six rivers, estuaries and streams: the Waiwera Estuary , to the north, Ōtānerua Stream , Nukumea Stream , Ōrewa River , Weiti River, and Ōkura River to the south. Beaches in the region are predominantly sandy, with gentle slopes. Many of these are wide and provide excellent opportunities for sunbathing, swimming, and water sports. Red Beach and Orewa are some of Auckland's best beginner surf beaches, whilst other Hibiscus Coast beaches are more suitable for swimming and families. Tiritiri Matangi Island
1460-474: The Whangaparāoa Peninsula . Tiritiri Matangi Island is near the end of this peninsula. Further north, Kawau Island nestles under the Tawharanui Peninsula . Numerous beaches dot the shores of the gulf, many of them well known for swimming and surfing. During the last glaciation period the gulf was dry land, with the sea level being around 100–110 m (300 ft) lower than at present. The gulf
1533-450: The 13th century, with many of the first Māori occupants identifying as Ngā Oho . The wider area between the Ōrewa River and Mahurangi River was traditionally known as Mahurangi, named after a pā located at the mouth of the Waiwera River . Archaeological sites in the area are most densely found at Karepiro Bay , the Ōrewa River estuary and Shakespear Regional Park , at the end of the Whangaparāoa Peninsula . The Ōrewa River estuary
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#17328515581521606-571: The 1850s, establishing a short-lived cheese factory. By the mid-1850s, the majority of accessible native forest had been logged across the region, and the Hibiscus Coast was subdivided into farming lots. Six years after the construction of New Zealand's first lighthouse , the Tiritiri Matangi Lighthouse was built in 1864. It remains New Zealand's oldest working lighthouse. In 1856 Captain Isaac Rhodes Cooper built Orewa House with
1679-525: The 1870s. The Hibiscus Coast was a part of the Mahurangi Block, forest sold to the Crown in 1841. Kauri loggers and itinerant kauri gum diggers were among the first Europeans to come to the area. The township of Silverdale , then known as The Wade, was established as a logging town along the Weiti River, and the Waiwera Hot Pools became a popular tourist attraction in the latter 19th century. Orewa and
1752-555: The 1960s, and lobbied against other regions of New Zealand adopting the hibiscus as a symbol. The name was officially adopted in 1971, when the Whangaparaoa Riding of the Waitemata County was renamed the Hibiscus Coast Riding. Hibiscus Coast has been translated into Māori as Te Kūiti o te Puarangi , referring to puarangi , a rare native species of hibiscus. The Hibiscus Coast area has been settled since at least
1825-460: The 20th and early 21st century from human use. Although major study by the Hauraki Gulf Forum in 2011 found that all environmental indicators were still worsening or stable at problematic levels, voluntary coast clean-up groups have collected about 450,000 litres of litter collected from the shoreline, although further conservation efforts are required to maintain the environmental integrity of
1898-564: The 21st century as part of the Royal New Zealand Navy as the RNZN Tamaki Training Centre. Orewa and the Whangaparāoa Peninsula were subdivided for suburban housing in the 1950s. The Orewa town centre was developed in 1953, which included a shopping precinct and Hillary Square, joined by a town centre at Whangaparāoa in 1957. Residents narrowly decided on the name Whangaparāoa to describe the new town centre, favoured over
1971-543: The Auckland Council. Marking the inner boundary of the Hibiscus Coast is Auckland's Northern Motorway ( State Highway One ). The motorway was extended to Orewa at the end of the 1990s. In early 2009, a further motorway extension connected the motorway to Puhoi, creating the Northern Gateway Toll Road and replacing that section of State Highway 17 . Hauraki Gulf The Hauraki Gulf / Tīkapa Moana
2044-466: The Auckland market. By the turn of the 20th century, dairy farming had become a viable and profitable business in New Zealand. This led to escalating land prices on the Hibiscus Coast and more intensive land use, and by the 1920s orchards were replaced by dairy farms. A long jetty was constructed at Waiwera in 1905, quickly becoming dilapidated due to the wharf's length making it difficult to maintain. In 1911,
2117-574: The Hibiscus Coast in the 1960s, including a minigolf range and concert space. The rink was demolished in 1983. In the mid-1960s, the Hibiscus Coast Association was established by local businessmen, looking to create a unified identity for the Orewa and Whangaparāoa areas. As a part of their efforts, more than 1,000 hibiscus trees were planted in the area in 1964. By the end of the 1960s, the peninsula had approximately 2,000 permanent residents, with
2190-693: The Hibiscus Coast was a missionary in 1833, and early timber merchants were attracted to the Weiti River catchment by the late 1830s. Following the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, the Crown made the first purchases of the Mahurangi and Omaha blocks on 13 April 1841, which included the Hibiscus Coast. While some iwi and hapū with customary interests had been engaged, such as Ngāti Paoa and Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki, others, including Te Kawerau ā Maki, Ngāti Manuhiri and Ngāti Rango, were not involved with transactions. This led to Ngāti Manuhiri being alienated from land on
2263-447: The Hibiscus Coast. Timber felling increased along the Weiti River catchment in the 1840s, and a settlement called the Wade (modern-day Silverdale ) was established at the navigable heads of the Weiti River around the year 1853, becoming the commercial centre for the area. The first known permanent settler along the Weiti River was John Robey Cole Hatfield, who settled in 1844. By 1853, there were likely between 200 and 300 people living at
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2336-601: The Tāmaki Māori people of the northern and western Auckland Region, his children and grandchildren established hapū including Ngāti Kahu, Ngāti Maraeariki and Ngāti Manuhiri . Ngāti Kahu and Ngāti Pāoa from the Hauraki Gulf fought for control over the Whangaparāoa Bay shark fishery in the 18th century. After fleeing the area in the 1820s due to the Musket Wars , Ngāti Kahu returned to the Hibiscus Coast, living here until
2409-576: The Tāmaki Māori tribes as Te Kawerau ā Maki , including those of the North Shore and Hibiscus Coast. After Maki's death, his sons settled different areas of his lands, creating new hapū , including the wider Hibiscus Coast hapū of Ngāti Manuhiri , Ngāti Maraeariki, Ngāti Poataniwha and Ngāti Kahu. Maki's younger son Maraeariki primarily settled at the head of the Ōrewa River, and his hapū Ngāti Maraeariki grew to occupy lands between Whangaparāoa and Ōmaha . Maraeariki's children Te Utu and Kahu settled along
2482-492: The Wade. Maurice and Ellen Kelly, who operated a timber milling business, opened the Wade Hotel, which became the social centre for the town. The hotel was of ill repute among early settlers to New Zealand, known for cockfighting , dog fighting , and had a reputation for criminality. Silverdale School was established as the first school on the Hibiscus Coast in 1869 (then known as Wade School). In 1844, Robert Graham constructed
2555-562: The Waiwera turn-off lies the turn-off to Wenderholm Regional Park which is situated on the far side of the headland to the north of the Waiwera River outlet. The name is of Māori origin and means "Hot Water" (Wai = Water and Wera = Hot), and is a shortened version of the traditional name Waiwerawera. Its main claim to fame was the hot water springs which were well known in pre-European times and reputedly visited by Māori from as far away as Thames . The first European settler to promote
2628-474: The Whangaparāoa Peninsula became popular tourist destinations in the 1920s, when holiday baches were constructed in the area. During World War II , a New Zealand Army base was constructed at the end of the peninsula. The area rapidly developed in the 1950s and 1960s, in part due to the opening of the Auckland Harbour Bridge , and town centres were constructed in Orewa and Whangaparāoa. The 1960s saw
2701-437: The Whangaparāoa Peninsula, which was contested between iwi of the wider region. By the mid-1700s, Marutūāhu tribes from the Hauraki Gulf , especially Ngāti Pāoa , sought to control the important resource. Ngāti Pāoa established a pā on Tiritiri Matangi Island , for use during shark fishing expeditions. War between Ngāti Pāoa and Ngāti Kahu lasted until the 1790s. After a peace accord held at Mihirau at Wenderholm Regional Park
2774-540: The Whangaparāoa Peninsula. In 1990, the Centrestage Theatre was constructed in Orewa. On 20 December 1999, the Auckland Northern Motorway was extended to Silverdale. This created a major link for the area back to the city. In 2004, a 12-storey apartment complex called the Nautilus was completed at Orewa. The only high rise building on the Hibiscus Coast, it is home to over 300 people, and in 2009 faced issues for being
2847-426: The Whangaparāoa Peninsula. Ngāti Poataniwha formed marriage links with Ngāi Tai descendants of Taihaua and Waiohua , while Ngāti Kahu, who descend from Maraeariki's daughter Kahu, formed links with both Ngāi Tai descendants of Taihaua and Ngāti Whātua o Kaipara . Ngāti Kahu focused settlement at Te Haruhi Bay at modern Shakespear Regional Park , due to its desirble location, and held a defensive pā , Rarowhara, at
2920-506: The beaches and restore their vitality. Sections 7 and 8 of the Hauraki Gulf Marine Park Act 2000 state: 7 Recognition of national significance of Hauraki Gulf 8 Management of Hauraki Gulf The park is distinctly different from other conservation areas of New Zealand not only by being a marine environment, but because it is home to more than one million people along its shores and on its islands. It also contains
2993-532: The building safely. Following the start of World War II , the threat of Japanese invasion saw the headland of the Whangaparāoa Peninsula chosen as one of two Auckland defence sites. Coastal defences were subsequently established in what was then the Shakespear family farm. Eleven pillboxes , and a number of other army barracks were built on the land. By 1961, the batteries and much of the other military equipment had been decommissioned. The base, remains active into
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3066-405: The ceremony, a mauri stone brought with them on their voyage named Tīkapa was placed on the island. The name Tīkapa Moana was adopted for the surrounding ocean, and became the name of the gulf. Some particular common or known animals include bottlenose and common dolphins , the latter sometimes seen in "super schools" of 300-500 animals or more, while various species of whales and orcas are
3139-496: The dredging having destroyed the seafloor, and sediment drainage from the agriculture in the Firth of Thames affecting the mussel's viability. Numerous beaches dot the shores of the gulf, many of them well known for swimming and surfing. Although environmental problems exist around urban areas, with 14 out of 52 beaches in the Auckland Region at least occasionally showing unsafe pollution levels (mostly because of untreated sewage ) for bathing, environmental groups are working to clean
3212-417: The early 1960s, when a group of Whangaparāoa and Orewa businessmen looked for an inclusive name for the developing Whangaparāoa/Orewa area. The group chose hibiscus , a non-native flower, due to its associations with beach and holiday atmospheres. Hibiscus was also used as the name of one of the minereal baths at the Waiwera Hot Pools in the early 20th century. The Hibiscus Coast Association was established in
3285-531: The east. It is thus well protected against all but northern winds. Three large channels join the gulf to the Pacific. Colville Channel lies between the Coromandel Peninsula and Great Barrier, Cradock Channel lies between the two islands, and Jellicoe Channel lies between Little Barrier and the North Auckland Peninsula . To the north of Auckland several peninsulas jut into the gulf, notably
3358-464: The eastern headland of the Weiti River . Outside of Rarowhara, pā were established across the wider area, including a ring of protective pā surrounding the Waiwera hot spring , Dacre Point, Alice Eaves Scenic Reserve , Rakauananga Pā at Hobbs Bay, Coalminers Bay, Big Manly Beach and Little Manly Beach. The Hibiscus Coast was the location of an important shark fishery, located between Kawau Island and
3431-459: The entire Whangaparāoa Peninsula having a shared identity. By the 1930s, coastal steamers were no longer the major form of transportation due to improved roading infrastructure. During the night of the 27 September 1939, a fire broke out in the Waiwera Hotel, seeing the building burnt to the ground. The fire was reportedly visible from Auckland City. The hotel's two only guests were able to escape
3504-409: The food chain, led to further degradation, such as a widespread disappearance of kelp beds as they were overtaken by kina barrens. Trawler fishing in general is seen as severely damaging the gulf, and lobster stock are also reported as not rebuilding. It is estimated that today's fish stocks are around 25% of pre-European levels. Also particularly damaging are the results of nitrogen carried into
3577-439: The gulf as the populations recover (one of two of the first confirmed birth records on New Zealand's main islands since after commercial and illegal whalings were recorded at around Milford and Browns Bay in 2012 ). Sperm whales visit occasionally. Many of the islands are official or unofficial bird sanctuaries, holding important or critically endangered species like kiwi, takahe, brown teal and grey-faced petrel. Centred on
3650-461: The gulf from surrounding agricultural land, with almost 90% coming from the dairy-farming runoff into the Firth of Thames . Other exploitation such as the dredging of the mussel beds of the Firth of Thames, reaching its height in 1961 with an estimated 15 million mussels taken (shortly before collapse of the industry) have led to damage which has not been recovered from forty years later, possibly due to
3723-406: The gulf. Particularly damaging were the introduction of industrialised fishing , with for example snapper fishing peaking in the 1970s at more than 10,000 tonnes a year (though even in the 2000s, private fishing of this species is also a considerable factor, weighing in at 400–800 tonnes a year). This severe overfishing, which unbalanced the marine environment by the removal of a main predator in
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#17328515581523796-481: The inland Hibiscus Coast area was densely forested, dominated by kauri , and the upper Ōrewa River catchment was a wetland. By the mid-19th century, the Whangaparāoa Peninsula was no longer forested, and was dominated by mānuka scrub and swamplands. The Hibiscus Coast has a warm temperate oceanic climate (Cfb) on the Köppen Climate Classification System. The name Hibiscus Coast dates from
3869-399: The lee of the Coromandel Peninsula; and Channel Island in the outer gulf. In March 2020, a small excavation was carried out in a large coastal midden on Otata Island. In January 2018, huge swells in the Hauraki Gulf caused widespread damage to its coastal areas and in only a few hours, the coastline or Otata had been reduced by up to 5 meters, exposing the midden. The aim of the excavation
3942-417: The main conservation island of Tiritiri Matangi and Little Barrier Island , numerous bird species that were locally extinct have been reintroduced in the last decades, while there have also been some naturally occurring bird "re-colonisations", especially after introduced pests were removed from breeding and nesting grounds. The gulf is a vibrant natural environment, which has seen significant damage during
4015-475: The opening of two regional parks, Wenderholm Regional Park , adjacent to the Hibiscus Cost, and Shakespear Regional Park , at the eastern headland of the Whangaparāoa Peninsula. The Hibiscus Coast was connected to the Auckland Northern Motorway in the late 1990s, after which further residential development occurred on the coast, most notably at Silverdale. In 2023, construction began on O Mahurangi Penlink ,
4088-546: The plains, turning east and exiting towards the Pacific Ocean along the modern-day Colville Channel between the Coromandel Peninsula and Great Barrier Island. In the west of the gulf lie a string of islands guarding the mouth of the Waitematā Harbour , one of Auckland's two harbours. These include Ponui Island , Waiheke Island , Tiritiri Matangi and the iconic dome of Rangitoto Island (a dormant volcano ), which
4161-496: The population swelling to over 25,000 during the summer. In 1965, the Auckland Regional Authority established Wenderholm Regional Park , the first newly established regional park in Auckland, directly adjacent to the Hibiscus Coast. This was followed by Shakespear Regional Park, at the eastern headland of the Whangaparāoa Peninsula, in 1967. By the 1980s, large-scale housing developments were being constructed along
4234-429: The residents of the Wade decided to rename the settlement Silverdale, due to its poor reputation. Orewa became a popular destination for campers and holidayers in the 1920s, which led to the height of popularity of Orewa House, then owned by Alice and Edward Eaves. The first holiday baches were constructed on Whangaparāoa in the 1920s, at Red Beach and Manly . Small coastal communities developed around each bay, without
4307-467: The runner up name Glen Arkle. The Hibiscus Coast experienced a building and population boom in the 1960s, due to the opening of the Auckland Harbour Bridge . Orewa and western Whangaparāoa rapidly urbanised between 1964 and 1975, with the eastern Whangaparāoa peninsula developing in the late 1980s. In 1957, the Orewa Skating Rink was constructed. The rink developed into an entertainment precinct for
4380-464: The springs was Robert Graham who established a health resort in 1848. This resort was destroyed by fire in 1939. During the late 19th century there was a regular steam ferry service from Auckland. The bath house was torn down in 1951. The commercial hot pools closed in 2018. Statistics New Zealand describes Waiwera as a rural settlement, which covers 0.55 km (0.21 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 230 as of June 2024, with
4453-524: The township to the Auckland motorways network. The road is projected to open in 2026. Future areas that are zoned for development on the Hibiscus Coast include the Highgate Business Park and Weiti Lands, the area between Okura Bush Scenic Reserve and Stillwater . Hibiscus Coast covers 49.38 km (19.07 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 69,070 as of June 2024, with a population density of 1,399 people per km. Hibiscus Coast had
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#17328515581524526-512: The Ōrewa River. Additionally, the Waiau portage bisected the Whangaparāoa Peninsula between Tindalls Beach and Matakatia , and it is likely that another portage existed on the peninsula to the west, connecting Red Beach to the Weiti River. Likely in the 17th century, the warrior Maki migrated from the Kāwhia Harbour to his ancestral home in the Auckland Region . Maki conquered and unified many of
4599-568: Was 35.1, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 50.5% had no religion, 38.8% were Christian , 0.2% had Māori religious beliefs , 1.2% were Hindu , 0.4% were Muslim , 0.9% were Buddhist and 1.6% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 10,122 (22.7%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 6,435 (14.4%) people had no formal qualifications. 9,966 people (22.3%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
4672-662: Was 54.8 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 21 people (8.8%) aged under 15 years, 21 (8.8%) aged 15 to 29, 126 (52.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 72 (30.0%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 86.2% European/Pākehā, 8.8% Māori, 1.2% Pacific peoples, 6.2% Asian, and 3.8% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 42.5% had no religion, 35.0% were Christian, 1.2% had Māori religious beliefs , 1.2% were Hindu, 2.5% were Muslim, 1.2% were Buddhist and 6.2% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 48 (21.9%) people had
4745-740: Was a stream formed by the major Hauraki Plains rivers: the Waihou River , Piako River and Waitakaruru River . Prior to the Oruanui eruption 27,000 years ago, the Waikato River also flowed into the Hauraki Gulf at the Firth of Thames . The Hauraki Plains rivers were met by two tributaries, the Wairoa River to the west from modern-day Clevedon and the Umangawha Stream to the east, at Colville , Coromandel Peninsula . This river flowed north, along
4818-491: Was an important sheltered harbour, which offered marine resources such as shellfish and flounder, and connections to inland walking routes. The Tainui migratory waka is known to have visited Whangaparāoa in the 14th century, and Tahawhakatiki, nephew of Tama-te-kapua of the Arawa waka settled at Whangaparāoa. The Whangaparāoa Peninsula was an important transportation node between the wider Northland and Auckland regions, and
4891-472: Was broken, Ngāti Pāoa attacked Rarowhara Pā, which Ngāti Kahu successfully defended. During this period, Kawerau-descended hapū held exclusive land rights to the Hibiscus Coast area, while fishing rights were shared between Ngāti Kahu and Marutūāhu tribes. In September 1821 during the Musket Wars , a Ngāpuhi taua (war party) ventured south to avenge past losses against Ngāti Kahu in the 1790s. The Kawerau-descendant tribes were heavily defeated, and Rarowhara Pā
4964-706: Was often used as a resting point for people travelling between the Mahurangi Harbour and Waitematā Harbour . Portages , where waka could be hauled overland between waterways, connected the Hibiscus Coast area to the Kaipara Harbour in the west. The Weiti Portage crossed overland between the Kaukapakapa River and the Weiti River , while the Aotoetoe portage travelled north between the Kaukapakapa River and
5037-539: Was sacked. Survivors fled to the Ararimu Valley, Muriwai , and eventually to the Waikato , gradually returning in the 1830s. On return, Ngāti Kahu formed intertribal marriages with Ngāti Whātua o Kaipara, seasonally migrating between Orewa, Te Haruhi Bay and Ōkura . Ngāti Kahu settlement at Whangaparāoa continued until the 1870s. After the war, prominent Ngāpuhi chief Eruera Maihi Patuone , who married Takarangi / Rīria,
5110-513: Was submerged when the sea reached its current level around 7200 years ago. During this period, the area was home to two river systems. The first of these was a river formed by two tributaries, the Mahurangi River and Waitematā Harbour (then a river) acting as tributaries. This river flowed north-east between modern day Little Barrier Island and Great Barrier Island , and emptied into the Pacific Ocean north of Great Barrier Island. The second
5183-409: Was that 21,348 (47.9%) people were employed full-time, 6,522 (14.6%) were part-time, and 1,209 (2.7%) were unemployed. The Hibiscus Coast has a number of beaches that attract people to live there. Other places of interest on the coast or nearby include Snowplanet , Auckland Adventure Park , the Waiwera Hot Pools (now abandoned), Orewa Beach, Shakespear Regional Park , and Gulf Harbour. Gulf Harbour
5256-567: Was the administrative centre for the Rodney District. The Hibiscus Coast was amalgamated into Auckland Council in November 2010, under a single unitary authority system. Within the Auckland Council, the Hibiscus Coast subdivision is a part of the Hibiscus and Bays local government area governed by the Hibiscus and Bays Local Board . It is a part of the Albany ward , which elects two councillors to
5329-500: Was to record this information before it is lost to erosion and was carried out in partnership with Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki , the landowners. An understanding the changing marine environment around the island will also form part of the work. At the southern end of the gulf is the wide, relatively shallow Firth of Thames . Beyond this lie the Hauraki Plains , drained by the Waihou River and the Piako River . The Hunua Ranges and hills of
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