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14-753: Founded in 1754, the Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum is one of the oldest museums in Europe. The museum has its origins in the art and natural history cabinet of Duke Charles I of Brunswick , which he opened in 1754 at the suggestion of the Dutch physician Daniel de Superville . It was one of the first museums in Germany to open to the public and was opened only one year after the British Museum in London. This "cabinet" included

28-515: A Village in the far Distance) was the object of a financial settlement. Both paintings were purchased from the Hahn auction of November 17–18, 1942 52°15′48″N 10°31′59″E  /  52.26333°N 10.53306°E  / 52.26333; 10.53306 This article related to an art display, art museum or gallery in Germany is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about

42-561: A building or structure in Lower Saxony is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel Charles (German: Karl ; 1 August 1713, Braunschweig – 26 March 1780, Braunschweig), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Bevern line) , reigned as Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1735 until his death. Charles was the eldest son of Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel . He fought under Prince Eugene of Savoy against

56-607: A collection of handicraft works and sculptures from the Baroque and Renaissance, but also ancient works of art from outside Europe. The natural history collection later became the basis of the Natural History Museum. The current museum building was opened in 1887. Its architect, Oskar Sommer , planned the building in Italian Renaissance style. In 2010 an extension building was added to the museum. The historical building

70-475: Is based on the Schloss Salzdahlum art collection of Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1633–1714), after whom it is named. In old catalogs, the term Bilder-Galerie zu Salzthalen refers to this collection. The print room , with over 100,000 prints and 10,000 drawings, is of international importance. There are also temporary exhibitions of art from all over the world. Among the manuscript items

84-412: Is the journal of Matthäus Schwarz , an accountant very interested in fashion who documented his outfits throughout his adult life at a time when it was thought that people not of the highest rank dressed drably. It is the first known fashion book. The museum's collection of medieval objects is housed at Dankwarderode Castle . The museum launched a project to research artworks acquired in the 1940s from

98-665: The Battles of Saratoga (1777), where they were taken prisoner as part of the Convention Army . Although the terms of surrender allowed the troops to return to Europe, the American Continental Congress cancelled the convention. The Convention Army was held prisoner in America until the war ended in 1783. In 1733, Charles married Philippine Charlotte , daughter of King Frederick William I of Prussia and sister of Frederick

112-680: The Ottoman Empire before inheriting the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from his father in 1735. Through his mother he was first cousins with Empress Maria Theresa On the suggestion of his court-preacher, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Jerusalem , in 1745 he founded the Collegium Carolinum , an institute of higher education which is today known as the Technical University of Brunswick . He also hired Gotthold Ephraim Lessing as

126-473: The Great . They had the following children that reached adulthood: Charles also had a child out of wedlock, Christian Theodor (1750–1824), who later took the name de Pencier after his step-father. Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel Ferdinand Albert (German Ferdinand Albrecht ; 29 May 1680 (O.S.), Bevern – 2 September 1735 (O.S.), Salzdahlum ), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg ,

140-584: The art dealer H. W. Lange in Berlin, Heinrich Hahn in Frankfurt am Main and Scheuermann und Seifert in Berlin. As a result of this research, a painting by Rombout van Troyen , " Felsgrotte mit Opferszene " was restituted to the heirs of the Jewish physician Hans Herxheimer from Frankfurt am Main (Frankfurt 1880-1944 Theresienstadt ) and a painting by Max Joseph Wagenbauer , " Großes Bauerngehöft am Dorfrand " (Great Farm with

154-649: The librarian for the Bibliotheca Augusta , the ducal library. Lorenz Heister of the University of Helmstedt named the botanical genus Brunsvigia in his honour, in recognition of his encouragement of botany and the study of B. orientalis . Charles attempted to promote the economic development of his state; for example, he founded the Fürstenberg Porcelain Company , and he installed mandatory fire insurance . However, he did not manage to keep

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168-851: The state finances in check. As a consequence, in 1773 his eldest son Charles William Ferdinand took over government. When the American Revolution began in 1775, Prince Charles saw an opportunity to replenish the duchy's treasury by renting its army to Great Britain . In 1776, Duke Charles signed a treaty with his cousin George III of the United Kingdom to supply troops for service with the British armies in America. 4,000 soldiers were dispatched under General Friedrich Adolf Riedesel . The Brunswick troops fought in General John Burgoyne 's army at

182-668: Was an officer in the army of the Holy Roman Empire . He was prince of Wolfenbüttel during 1735. Ferdinand Albert was the fourth son of Ferdinand Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Christina Wilhelmina of Hesse-Eschwege . Ferdinand Albert fought on the side of Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession . In 1704 he became adjutant of the Emperor; in 1707 major general , and in 1711 lieutenant field marshal . During

196-563: Was closed for renovation for seven years. The museum reopened on 23 October 2016. The museum houses an important collection of Western old master paintings, and is especially strong in Northern European art since the Renaissance, including works by Cranach (a very strong collection), Holbein , Dürer , Van Dyck , Rubens , and Rembrandt . Rarities include a single work each by Vermeer , Giorgione and Rosso Fiorentino . The museum

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