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56-521: The mosque was built in accordance with the Decree of President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov by order of the religious organization Hoja Ahmet Ýasawy by the construction company Aga Gurluşyk. The opening ceremony of the mosque was held on September 26, 2018. The total area of the mosque is 13,000 m (140,000 sq ft). The height of the central dome from the base of the mosque is 40 m (130 ft), small domes 23 m (75 ft). Four minarets in

112-493: A chapter to verse 2, verse 2 to verse 3 and so on, and rejected traditionist interpretations if they contradicted interrelations between verses. Az-Zarkashi (d.1392), another medieval Qur'anic exegete, admitted that relationships of some verses to other verses in a chapter is sometimes hard to explain, in those cases he assigned stylistic and rhetorical functions to them such as parenthesis, parable, or intentional subject shift. Az-Zarkashi aimed at showing how important understanding

168-525: A clarification if At-Tawba is part of Quran 8 ( al-ʾanfāl ) or not. It occurs at the beginning of each subsequent sura of the Qur'an and is usually not numbered as a verse except at its first appearance at the start of the first sura . The Basmala occurs as part of a sura' s text in verse 30 of the 27th sura (" An-Naml "), where it prefaces a letter from Sulayman to Bilqis , the Queen of Sheba . The Basmala

224-556: A constant attribute). In the Qur'an, the Basmala , is usually numbered as the first verse of the first sura , but, according to the view adopted by Al-Tabari , it precedes the first verse. Apart from the ninth sura (" At-Tawba "), Al-Qurtubi reported that the correct view is that the Basmala ignored at the beginning of At-Tawba because Gabriel did not refer to the Basmala in this surah , another view, says that Muhammad died before giving

280-514: A contemporary " spiritual healer " from Syria recommends the recitation of the basmala 786 times over a cup of water, which is then to be ingested as medicine. It has also become common to abbreviate the phrase by typing "786", especially in online communication, and especially among South Asian Muslims. In Unicode , the Basmala is encoded as one ligature at code point U+FDFD ﷽ in the Arabic Presentation Forms-A block. This

336-425: A distinct community were revealed later. He classified the Qur'an into three main periods: the early period, the Qur'anic period, and the book period. Bell worked on the chronology of verses instead of chapters. Underlying Bell's method for dating revelations is the assumption that the normal unit of revelation is the short passage and the passages have been extensively edited and rearranged. Mehdi Bazargan divided

392-401: A new quadriliteral root: b-s-m-l ( ب-س-م-ل ). This quadriliteral root was used to derive the noun basmala and its related verb forms , meaning "to recite the basmala ". The method of coining a quadriliteral name from the consonants of multiple words in a phrase is also used to create the name '"Hamdala" for Alhamdulillah , instead of the traditional name of Tahmid . The same procedure

448-498: A passage in the Qur'an, or what they call non-linearity, is a major linguistic feature of the Qur'an, a feature that puts the Qur'an beyond any specific 'context' and 'temporality'. According to Gheitury and Golfam for the Qur'an there is no preface, no introduction, no beginning, no end, a reader can start reading from anywhere in the text. Basmala The Basmala ( Arabic : بَسْمَلَة , basmalah ; also known by its opening words Bi-smi llāh ; بِسْمِ ٱللَّٰهِ , "In

504-401: A repertory of familiar themes runs through the whole Qur'an and each chapter elaborates one of more, often many of, them. Angelika Neuwirth is of the idea that verses in their chronological order are interrelated in a way that later verses explain earlier ones. She believes that Meccan chapters are coherent units. Salwa El-Awa aims in her work to discuss the problem of textual relations in

560-411: A scholar of Islamic studies, is of the opinion that there is no evidence that the style of Qur'an has changed in a consistent way and therefore style may not always be a reliable indicator of when and where a chapter was revealed. According to Robinson, the problem of the chronology of authorship is still far from solved. The verses and chapters when revealed to Muhammad in the Qur'an did not come with

616-508: A title attached to them. Muhammad, as we find in some reports in hadith , used to refer to shorter chapters not by name, rather by their first verse. For example: Abu Hurairah quoted Muhammad as saying, " Al-Hamdu Lillahi Rabb il-`Aalameen ( Arabic : الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ , lit.   'Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds') is the Mother of the Qur'an, the Mother of

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672-490: A unique word that occurs in the chapter, such as al-Baqarah (The Cow), An-Nur (The Light), al-Nahl (The Bee), Az-Zukhruf (The Ornaments of Gold), Al-Hadid (The Iron), and Al-Ma'un (The Small Kindness). Most chapter names are still used to this day. Several are known by multiple names: Surah Al-Masadd (The Palm Fibre) is also known as Surah al-Lahab (The Flame). Surah Fussilat (Explained in Detail)

728-426: Is also known as Ha-Meem Sajda ("...it is a chapter that begins with Ha Mim ( Arabic : حم ) and in which a verse requiring the performance of prostration ( Arabic : سجدة , romanized :  sajdah ) has occurred.") The idea of textual relation between the verses of a chapter has been discussed under various titles such as nazm ( Arabic : ﻧَﻈﻢ ) and munasabah ( Arabic : مناسبة ) in literature of

784-515: Is also used to create the term Hawqala . According to Lane , ar-raḥmān has the more intensive meaning, taken to include as objects of "sympathy" both the believer and the unbeliever, and may therefore be rendered as "the Compassionate"; ar-raḥīm , on the other hand, is taken to include as objects the believer in particular, may be rendered as "the Merciful" (considered as expressive of

840-651: Is an Arabic word meaning 'chapter' in the Quran . Its plural form in Arabic is suwar . There are 114 surah in the Quran, each divided into verses ( Arabic : آيات , romanized :  āyāt , lit.   'signs'). The surah are of unequal length; the shortest surah ( al-Kawthar ) has only three verses, while the longest ( al-Baqarah ) contains 286 verses. The Qur'an consists of one short introductory chapter (Q1) , eight very long chapters, making up one-third of

896-408: Is devoted exclusively to eschatology and chapter 12 narrates a story, while other chapters, in the same breath, speak of theological, historical, and ethico-legal matters. Chapters are known to consist of passages, not only verses. The borders between passages are arbitrary but are possible to determine. For example, chapter 54 may be divided into six passages: The study of text relations in

952-618: Is evidenced by the appearance of the word surah in multiple locations in the Quran such as verse 24:1 : "a sûrah which We have revealed and made ˹its rulings˺ obligatory, and revealed in it clear commandments so that you may be mindful." (see also verses 2:23 , 9:64 , 9:86 , 9:124 , 9:127 , 10:38 , and 47:20 ). It is also mentioned in plural form in the Quran: "Or do they say, “He has fabricated this ˹Quran˺!”? Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “Produce ten fabricated sûrahs like it and seek help from whoever you can—other than Allah—if what you say

1008-475: Is for women. On the territory of the mosque there is a special building for holding sadaqah , ritual ceremonies and parking . This article about a mosque or other Islamic place of worship in Turkmenistan is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Surah A surah ( / ˈ s ʊər ə / ; Arabic : سُورَة , romanized :  sūrah ; pl. سُوَر , surah )

1064-504: Is mentioned in 5:3 which occurred in 632, a few months before he died. This method is of limited usefulness because the Qur'an narrates the life of Muhammad or the early history of the Muslim community only incidentally and not in detail. In fact, very few chapters contain clear references to events which took place in Muhammad's life. Theodor Nöldeke 's chronology is based on the assumption that

1120-450: Is only approximate in regard to the location of revelation; any surah revealed after the migration is termed Medinan and any revealed before it is termed Meccan, regardless of where the surah was revealed. However, some Meccan suwar contain Medinian verses (verses revealed after the migration) and vice versa. Whether a surah is Medinian or Meccan depends on if the beginning of the surah

1176-542: Is preserved in the book 'Kitab Mabani'. Yet another, from the 10th century, is given by Ibn Nadim . A number of verses are associated with particular events which helps date them. Muhammad's first revelation was Chapter 96 and in the year 609. Verses 16:41 and 47:13 refer to migration of Muslims which took place in the year 622. Verses 8 :1–7 and 3 :120–175 refer to battles of Badr (624) and Uhud (625) respectively. Muhammad's last pilgrimage ( Arabic : حِجَّة ٱلْوَدَاع , romanized :  Ḥijjat al-Wadāʿ )

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1232-507: Is that surah of the Meccan period (i.e. pre- hijrah ) are more related to themes such as resurrection, judgment, and stories from Judaism and Christianity. Suwar of the Medinian period (i.e. post- hijrah ) focus more on laws for personal affairs, society, and the state. A number of medieval Islamic writers attempted to compile a chronologically ordered list of the chapters, with differing results. As no transmitted reports dating back to

1288-591: Is the phrase recited before each chapter ( surah ) of the Qur'an  – except for the ninth At-Tawbah . Muslim disagreement over whether to include the Basmala within the Quranic text reached consensus following the 1924 Cairo Edition , which included it as the first verse ( āyah ) of Quran chapter 1 but otherwise included it as an unnumbered line of text preceding the other relevant 112 chapters. The Islamic Basmala appears to be related to earlier variants of

1344-490: Is true!”" In 1938, Arthur Jeffery suggested that the name derived from the Syriac word surṭā meaning 'writing'. Chapters in the Qur'an are not arranged in the chronological order of revelation , and the precise order has eluded scholars. According to hadith , Muhammad told his companions the traditional placement of every wahy ( Arabic : وَحْي , romanized :  waħj , lit.   'revelation') as

1400-513: Is used extensively in everyday Muslim life, said as the opening of each action in order to receive blessing from God . Reciting the Basmala is a necessary requirement in the preparation of halal food. In the Indian subcontinent, a Bismillah ceremony is held for a child's initiation into Islam. The three definite nouns of the Basmala— Allah , ar-Rahman and ar-Rahim —correspond to

1456-464: Is used in over half of the constitutions of countries where Islam is the official religion or more than half of the population follows Islam, usually the first phrase in the preamble , including those of Afghanistan , Bahrain , Bangladesh , Brunei , Egypt , Iran , Iraq , Kuwait , Libya , Maldives , Pakistan , Saudi Arabia , Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates . It

1512-676: The Book, and the seven oft-repeated verses of the Glorious Qur'an." We also find reports in which Muhammad used to refer to them by their name. For example, Abdullah bin Buraydah narrated from his father, "I was sitting with the Prophet and I heard him say, 'Learn Surat ul-Baqarah , because in learning it there is blessing, in ignoring it there is sorrow, and the sorceresses cannot memorize it. " ' Arab tradition, similar to other tribal cultures of that time,

1568-610: The Islamic sphere and 'Coherence', 'text relations', 'intertextuality', and 'unity' in English literature. There are two points of view regarding the coherence of the verses of the Qur'an. In the first viewpoint, each chapter of the Qur'an has a central theme and its verses are related. The second viewpoint considers some chapters of the Qur'an as collections of passages which are not thematically related. Chapters deal with various subjects, for instance, chapter 99 , which comprises only eight verses,

1624-532: The Muslim community. Richard Bell took Nöldeke's chronology as a starting point for his research, however, Bell did not believe that Nöldeke's criteria of style were important. He saw a progressive change in Muhammad's mission from a man who preached monotheism into an independent leader of a paramount religion. For Bell this transformation in Muhammad's mission was more decisive compared with Nöldeke's criteria of style. Bell argued that passages which mentioned Islam and Muslim or implied that Muhammad's followers were

1680-593: The Name of God till only a morsel of food was left. When he raised it to his mouth, he said, Bismillah awwalahu wa akhirahu . The Prophet smiled at this and said, "Satan had been eating with him but when he mentioned the Name of God , Satan vomited all that was in his stomach". Wahshi bin Harb reported: "Some of the Sahaba of the Prophet said, 'We eat but are not satisfied.' He said, 'Perhaps you eat separately.' The Sahaba replied in

1736-399: The Name of Allah upon entering his house or eating, Satan says, addressing his followers: 'You will find nowhere to spend the night and no dinner.' But if he enters without mentioning the Name of Allah, Satan says (to his followers); 'You have found (a place) to spend the night in,' and if he does not mention the Name of Allah at the time of eating, Satan says: 'You have found (a place) to spend

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1792-490: The Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful" ( Arabic : بِسْمِ ٱللَّٰهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ , romanized :  Bismillahir Rahmanir Raheem ). This formula is known as the basmalah ( Arabic : بَسْمَلَة ) and denotes the boundaries between suwar. The suwar are arranged roughly in order of descending size; therefore the arrangement of the Qur'an is neither chronological nor thematic. Surah are recited during

1848-474: The Qur'an ( Q2 ‒ 9 ); 19 mid-length chapters, making up another one-third (Q10‒28); and 86 short and very short ones of the last one-third (Q29‒114). Of the 114 surah in the Quran, 86 are classified as Meccan ( Arabic : مكي , romanized :  makki ), as they were revealed before Muhammad 's migration to Medina ( hijrah ), while 28 are Medinan ( Arabic : مدني , romanized :  madani ), as they were revealed after. This classification

1904-441: The Qur'an dates back to a relatively early stage in the history of Qur'anic studies. The earliest Qur'anic interpreter ( Arabic : مُفَسِّر , romanized :  mufassir ) known to have paid attention to this aspect of the Qur'an is Fakhruddin al-Razi (d.1209 ). Al-Razi believed that text relation is a meaning that links verses together or mentally associates them like cause-effect or reason-consequence. He linked to verse 1 of

1960-421: The Qur'an from a linguistic point of view and the way in which the verses of one chapter relate to each other and to the wider context of the total message of the Qur'an. El-Awa provides a detailed analysis in terms of coherence theory on chapters 33 and 75 and shows that these two chapters cohere and have a main contextual relationship. Gheitury and Golfam believe that the permanent change of subject within

2016-415: The Qur'an into 194 independent passages preserving some chapters intact as single blocks while dividing others into two or more blocks. He then rearranged these blocks approximately in order of increasing average verse length. This order he proposes is the chronological order. Bazargan assumed that verse length tended to increase over time and he used this assumption to rearrange the passages. Neal Robinson,

2072-412: The Qur'an is a well-structured unit. It is only a lack of consideration and analysis on our part that they seem disjointed and incoherent... Each chapter imparts a specific message as its central theme. The completion of this theme marks the end of the chapter. If there were no such specific conclusion intended to be dealt with in each chapter there would be no need to divide the Qur'an into chapters. Rather

2128-473: The affirmative. He then said, 'Eat together and mention the Name of God over your food. It will be blessed for you.' A tradition ascribed to Muhammad states: All that is contained in the revealed books is to be found in the Qur’an and all that is contained in the Qur’an is summed up in the surat al-fatihah ("The opening one") while this is in its turn contained in the formula Bismillahi-r-Rahmani-r-Rahim ("In

2184-442: The charges against Muhammad), and some Meccan chapters have a clear 'tripartite' structure (for example chapters 45, 37, 26, 15, 21). Tripartite chapters open with a short warning, followed by one or more narratives about unbelievers, and finally address contemporaries of Muhammad and invite them to Islam. On the other hand, Madinan verses are longer and have a distinct style of rhyming and concern to provide legislation and guidance for

2240-425: The corners of the building rise 63 m (207 ft) from the foundation. Marble, granite, valuable wood species were used in the decoration of interior. Embossed epigraphy containing Surahs of the Qur'an occupies a separate place in the decoration of the mosque. They also adorn its white marble facades. The prayer hall is designed for the simultaneous participation in the prayer of 3000 people. The upper tier

2296-464: The first three of the traditional 99 names of God in Islam. Both ar-Rahman and ar-Rahim are from the same triliteral root R-Ḥ-M , "to feel sympathy, or pity". Around 1980, IRIB used it before starting their newscasts. There are several ahadith encouraging Muslims to recite it before eating and drinking. For example: Jabir reported: I heard Messenger of Allah (saw) saying, "If a person mentions

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2352-422: The inter-verse relations is to understanding the Qur'an, however, he did not attempt to deal with one complete chapter to show its relations. Contemporary scholars have studied the idea of coherence in the Qur'an more vigorously and are of widely divergent opinions. For example, Hamid Farrahi (d. 1930) and Richard Bell (d. 1952) have different opinions regarding coherence within chapters. Farrahi believed that

2408-523: The letters of the Islamic Basmala, i.e. the phrase — is 786 . This number has therefore acquired a significance in folk Islam and Near Eastern folk magic and also appears in many instances of pop-culture, such as its appearance in the 2006 song '786 All is War' by the band Fun-Da-Mental . A recommendation of reciting the basmala 786 times in sequence is recorded in Al-Buni . Sündermann (2006) reports that

2464-620: The name of God "), or Tasmiyyah (Arabic: تَسْمِيَّة ), is the titular name of the Islamic phrase "In the name of God , the Most Gracious , the Most Merciful " (Arabic: بِسْمِ ٱللَّٰهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ , bi-smi llāhi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīm ). It is one of the most important phrases in Islam and is used by Muslims mostly before starting "good deeds" (for instance, during daily prayer ) as well as beginning of most daily actions. It

2520-399: The name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful"). A tradition ascribed to Imam Ali states: The basmalah is in essence contained in the first letter, Ba, and this again in its diacritical point , which thus symbolizes principal Unity. In a commentary on the Basmala in his Tafsir al-Tabari , al-Tabari writes: According to the standard Abjadi system of numerology , the total value of

2576-594: The narratives especially accounts of Moses and of Abraham run to considerable length, but they tend to fall into separate incidents instead of being recounted straightforwardly...the distinctness of the separate pieces however is more obvious than their unity. Arthur J. Arberry states that the chapters in many instances, as Muslims have been recognized from the earliest times, are of a 'composite' character, holding embedded in them fragments received by Muhammad at widely differing dates. However he disregards this 'fact' and views each chapter as an artistic whole. He believed that

2632-483: The night in as well as food.'" Aisha reported: "The Prophet said, "When any of you wants to eat, he should mention the Name of God in the beginning (Bismillah). If he forgets to do it in the beginning, he should say Bismillah awwalahu wa akhirahu (I begin with the Name of God at the beginning and at the end)". Umaiyyah bin Makshi reported: "The Prophet was sitting while a man was eating food. That man did not mention

2688-545: The phrase appearing in Arabian inscriptions from the 5th and 6th centuries. The traditional name for the phrase in Classical Arabic was Tasmiyah . Other common phrases in Islam were also given their own names based on verb form 2 verbal nouns, including Tasbih . The word basmala was derived from a slightly unusual procedure, in which the first four pronounced consonants of the phrase bismi-llāhi... were used to create

2744-399: The standing portions ( Arabic : قيام , romanized :  qiyām ) of Muslim prayers . Al-Fatihah , the first surah of the Qur'an, is recited in every unit of prayer, and some units of prayer also involve recitation of all or part of any other surah . The word surah was used at the time of Muhammad as a term with the meaning of a portion or a set of verses of the Qur'an. This

2800-611: The style of the Qur'an changes in one direction without reversals. Nöldeke studied the style and content of the chapters and assumed that first, later (Medinan) chapters and verses and are generally shorter than earlier (Meccan) ones, and second, that earlier Meccan verses have a distinct rhyming style while later verses are more prosaic (prose-like). According to Nöldeke, earlier chapters have common features: many of them open with oaths in which God swears by cosmic phenomena, they have common themes (including eschatology , creation, piety, authentication of Muhammad's mission and refutation of

2856-433: The time of Muhammad or his companions exists, their works necessarily represent the opinions of scholars, and none originates before the first quarter of the 8th century. One version is given in a 15th-century work by Abd al-Kafi, and is included in the chronological order given by the standard Egyptian edition of the Qur'an (1924). Another list is mentioned by Abu Salih , while a significantly different version of Abu Salih's

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2912-454: The whole Qur'an would be a single chapter... We see that a set of verses has been placed together and named 'surah' the way a city is built with a wall erected round it. A single wall must contain a single city in it. What is the use of a wall encompassing different cities?.... In contrast, Richard Bell describes the Qur'anic style as disjointed: Only seldom do we find in it evidence of sustained unified composition at any great length...some of

2968-432: The whole structure of the Qur'an is thematically coherent, which is to say, all verses of a chapter of the Qur'an are integrally related to each other to give rise to the major theme of the chapter and again all of the chapters are interconnected with each other to constitute the major theme of the Quran. According to Farrahi, each chapter has a central theme ( umud or pillar) around which the verses revolve: Each chapter of

3024-509: Was revealed before or after the migration. The Meccan surah generally deal with faith and scenes of the Hereafter while the Medinan surah are more concerned with organizing the social life of the nascent Muslim community and leading Muslims to the ultimate goal of attaining dar al-Islam by showing strength towards the unbelievers. Except for Surah al-Tawbah , all suwar commence with "In

3080-452: Was revealed to him, and Wm Theodore de Bary , an East Asian studies expert, describes that "The final process of collection and codification of the Qur'an text was guided by one over-arching principle: God's words must not in any way be distorted or sullied by human intervention. For this reason, no attempt was made to edit the numerous revelations, organize them into thematic units, or present them in chronological order...". A common view

3136-433: Was to name things according to their unique characteristics. They used this same method to name Qur'anic chapters. Most chapter names are found in the ahadith. Some were named according to their central theme, such as Al-Fatiha (The Opening) and Yusuf (Joseph), and some were named for the first word at the beginning of the chapter, such as Qaf , Ya-Sin , and ar-Rahman . Some surahs were also named according to

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