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38-523: Khawaja Syed Muhammad Nizamuddin Auliya (sometimes spelled Awliya ; 1238 – 3 April 1325), also known as Hazrat Nizamuddin ( lit.   ' Holy Nizamuddin ' ), Sultan-ul-Mashaikh ( lit.   ' Lord of the pious ' ) and Mahbub-e-Ilahi ( lit.   ' Beloved of God ' ), was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar, Sufi saint of the Chishti Order , and is one of the most famous Sufis from

76-464: A 1979 Indian Muslim social film by A. Shamsheer pays tribute to various Islamic saints including Nizamuddin Auliya, featuring a song "Nizamuddin Aulia" sung by Jani Babu Qawwal and written by Viqar Nagri. Arziyan , a qawwali in the film Delhi 6 (2009) composed by A. R. Rahman , is dedicated to Nizamuddin Auliya. Kun Faya Kun a song in the film Rockstar (2011) is also dedicated to him, and

114-731: A descendant of Nizamuddin Auliya and a Sufi of the Serajia branch of the Chisti order. This branch is also known as Nizamia Serajia Faridia . The Ishq Nuri order, branch of the main Chishti- Nizami, was founded by Shaikh Khwaja Khalid Mahmood Chishti sahib, in Lahore, Pakistan, in the 1960s. It is the most contemporary expression of this traditional Sufi lineage. It is mostly found in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, although now some followers are also to be found in

152-877: A disciple of the Sufi saint Fariduddin Ganjshakar , commonly known as Baba Farid. Nizāmuddīn did not take up residence in Ajodhan but continued with his theological studies in Delhi while simultaneously starting the Sufi devotional practices and the prescribed litanies. He visited Ajodhan each year to spend the month of Ramadan in the presence of Baba Farid. It was on his third visit to Ajodhan that Baba Farid made him his successor. Shortly after that, when Nizāmuddīn returned to Delhi, he received news that Baba Farid had died. Nizāmuddīn lived at various places in Delhi, before finally settling down in Ghiyaspur,

190-557: A mosque, the Masjid-i Miri, Where all the Sufis and 'ulama' were ordered to perform their prayers. The Shaikh refused to comply with the Sultan's orders, remonstrating that the mosque in his neighborhood had a greater claim on him. On the first day of each month, the entire religious community of Delhi, gathered at the palace to offer congratulations prayer to the Sultan. The Shaikh further angered

228-583: A neighbourhood in Delhi undisturbed by the noise and hustle of city life. He built his Khanqah here, a place where people from all walks of life were fed, where he imparted spiritual education to others and he had his own quarters. Before long, the Khanqah became a place thronged with all kinds of people, rich and poor alike. Many of his disciples achieved spiritual height, including Shaikh Nasiruddin Chirag Delhavi , and Amir Khusro , noted scholar/singer, and

266-555: A prophetic mission," and this has been stressed in order to safeguard the Islamic doctrine of Muhammad being the Seal of the Prophets . The doctrine of the karāmāt al-awliyāʾ , which became enshrined as an orthodox and required belief in many of the most prominent Sunni creeds of the classical era, such as the creeds of al-Tahawi (ca. 900) and Abu Hafs Umar an-Nasafi (ca. 1000), emerged from

304-588: A well known Chisti Sufi of Bihar . He was married to the daughter of Alaul Haq Pandavi. He became the khalifa of Noor Qutb-e-Aalam Padwi (the eldest son and spiritual successor of Alaul Haq Pandavi). His shrine is in Chandpura, Bihar Sharif , Bihar. Many of his descendants are well known Sufis, namely Moinuddin Sani, Naseeruddin Sani, Sultan Chisti Nizami, Bahauddin Chisti Nizami, Deewan Syed Shah Abdul Wahab (his shrine

342-997: Is a disciple who is given the authority to take his own disciples and thus propagate the spiritual lineage) who continued his lineage all over the world. Some of his most famous disciples are: Nizamuddin Auliya had one brother named Jamaluddin. He told him, "your descendants will be my descendants". Jamaluddin had one son named Ibrahim. He was nurtured by Nizamuddin Auliya after Jamaluddin's death. Nizamuddin Auliya sent his nephew to Bengal in Eastern India along with one of his disciples (khalifa) Akhi Siraj Aainae Hind , known as Aaina-e-Hind. Alaul Haq Pandavi (the master ( Pir ) of Ashraf Jahangir Semnani ) became his disciple and khalifa. Ala-ul-Haq Pandwi married his sister-in-law (sister of Syed Badruddin Badr-e-Alam Zahidi) to Ibrahim. They had one son, Fariduddin Tavaela Bukhsh, who became

380-881: Is claimed by the 14th century historiographer Ziauddin Barani that his influence on the Muslims of Delhi was such that a paradigm shift was effected in their outlook towards worldly matters. People began to be inclined towards mysticism and prayers and remaining aloof from the world. It is also believed that Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq , the founder of Tughluq dynasty , interacted with Nizamuddin. Initially, they used to share good relationship but soon this got embittered and relation between Ghiyas-ud-din Tughluq and Nizamuddin Auliya never been reformed due to opinion disharmony and their antagonism resulted regular disputes between them during that era. Nizamuddin Auliya

418-559: Is in Choti Takiya, Biharsharif), Sultan Sani, Amjad Hussain Chisti Nizami, among others. He spread Chisti Nizami order all over Northern India. Ijaza of his Silsila (order) is present in all the existing khanqahs of Bihar. His descendants still reside in Bihar Sharif and can be found in many parts of the world. The current Sajjada Nasheen of Chillah of Usman Harooni is his direct descendant. Fariduddin Tavaela Bukhsh commemorated (originated)

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456-678: The Indian Subcontinent . His predecessors were Fariduddin Ganjshakar , Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki , and Moinuddin Chishti , who were the masters of the Chishti spiritual chain or silsila in the Indian subcontinent. Nizamuddin Auliya, like his predecessors, stressed love as a means of realising God. For him his love of God implied a love of humanity. His vision of the world was marked by a highly evolved sense of religious pluralism and kindness. It

494-751: The Nizamia Naseeria branch. The Hussainia branch is named for Syed Muhammad Kamaluddin Hussaini Gisudaraz Bandanawaz . He was the most famous and loved disciple of Nasiruddin Muhammad Chirag-e-Dehli . The khanqah he established in Gulbarga, Karnataka, is still in existence. Fakhri The "Fakhri" branch is named for Muhib Un Nabi Maulana Fakhr Ud Din Fakhr E Jahan Dehlvi, peer o murshid of Shah Niyaz Be Niyaz. Shah Niyaz Ahmad Barelvi , in

532-456: The 1600s, including hodgee , hogi , cojah and khoja . The name is also used in Egypt and Sudan to indicate a person with a foreign nationality or foreign heritage. Karamat In Sufism , karamat ( Arabic : کرامات , romanized :  karāmāt , singular Arabic : کرامة , romanized :  karāma ) refers to supernatural wonders performed by Muslim saints . In

570-560: The 19th century started the Niyazi branch. The Nizamia Serajia branch was started by Serajuddin Aqi Seraj. This branch is also known as Chistia Serajia . The Chistia Ashrafia branch was started by Ashraf Jahangir Semnani . He established a khanqah, still in existence at Kichaucha sharif, Uttar Pradesh, India. The Chistia Serajia Faridia order was started by Fariduddin Tavaelabukhsh,

608-594: The Chisti Nizami order. A parallel branch which started with Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari , another disciple of Baba Farid, was the Chisti Sabiri branch. People started adding Nizami gracefully after their name. He spiritually made many great Sufis amongst his students, descendants and the Sufis of the Nizami order. The branches of the Chisti Nizami order are as follows: His disciple Nasiruddin Muhammad Chirag-e-Dehli started

646-523: The Nizāmuddīn Dargāh. Besides believing in the traditional Sufi ideas of embracing God within this life by destroying the ego and cleansing the soul, and that this is possible through considerable efforts involving Sufi practices, Nizamuddin also expanded and practised the unique features introduced by past saints of the Chisti Sufi order in India. These included: Nizamuddin did not much bother about

684-477: The Sultan by sending a servant as his delegate. The Sultan threatened the Shaikh with serious consequences if he personally failed to pay homage. Refusing to heed the threat, the Shaikh quietly prayed at his mother's tomb and returned to his jama'at-khana. As the last day of the month approached, the capital was filled with anxiety, while the Shaikh himself remained calm. But the first day of the next month did not come for

722-467: The Sultan. He was assassinated on the first night of Jumada II, 720/8 July 1320 by his favorite and protege, Khusraw Khan Barwar , who was later overthrown by Ghazi Malik who later came to be known as Ghiyasuddin Tughluq . The Urs-e-Nizamuddin Aulia is celebrated at the Nizamuddin Dargah on the 17th-18th of Rabi II (Rabi-ul-Aaqir), and that of Amir Khusro on the 18th of Shawwal. Aulea-E-Islam ,

760-754: The Urs of Usman Harooni at his chillah in Belchi, Bihar Sharif (First Sajjada Nasheen). Nizamuddin Aulia also had one sister named Bibi Ruqayya who is buried next to Bibi Zulekha, the mother of Khwaja Nizamuddin Aulia in Adhchini village in Delhi. Nizamuddin Auliya did not marry. He brought his Pir/Shaikh's grandson named Khwaja Muhammad Imam, who was the son of Bibi Fatima (daughter of Baba Farid and Badruddin is'haq) as mentioned in Seyrul Aulia book, Nizami bansari, The life and time of Khwaja Nizamuddin Aulia by Khaliq Ahmed Nizami. Still

798-630: The West. Lutfia Silsila Chishtia-Nizamia-Lutfia was continued by Moulana Lutfullah Shah Dankouri. The disciples of this silsila are found in Pakistan, India, England, Canada and USA. During the last years of Alauddin Khalji 's life, the intrigues of Malik Kafur deprived Khizr Khan of succeeding legitimately to the throne. Malik Kafur had Khizr Khan blinded and Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah (1316–20), another claimant to

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836-546: The acceptance of all Muslim scholars. And the Qur'an has pointed to it in different places, and the sayings of the Prophet have mentioned it, and whoever denies the miraculous power of saints are only people who are innovators and their followers. As one contemporary scholar has expressed it, practically all of the major scholars of the classical and medieval eras believed that "the lives of saints and their miracles were incontestable." In

874-528: The corpus of hadith literature to bona fide miracle-working saints like the pre-Islamic Jurayj̲, seemingly an Arabic form of the Greek Grēgorios , only lent further credence to this early understanding of the miracles of the saints. The fourteenth-century Hanbali scholar ibn Taymiyya (d. 1328), despite his well-known objections to ziyara (visiting of saints' graves ), nevertheless stated: The miracles of saints are absolutely true and correct, by

912-2072: The descendants of Khwaja Muhammad Imam are the caretakers of dargah sharif. Nizamuddin Auliya was the founder of the Chisti Nizami order. He had hundreds of disciples (khalifa) who had Ijaza (khilafat) from him to spread the order. Many of the Sufis of the Chisti Nizami order are recognised as great Sufis; the following is a list of notable Sufis of the Chisti Nizami order, which includes his descendants as well as his disciples and their subsequent disciples: Nasiruddin Mahmud Chiragh Dehlavi , Amir Khusro , Khwaja Banda Nawaz Gesudaraz Muhammad al-Hussaini , Alaul Haq Pandavi and Nur Qutb Alam , Pandua , West Bengal; Ashraf Jahangir Semnani , Kichaucha, Uttar Pradesh; Hussam ad-Din Manikpuri (Pratapgarh, Uttar Pradesh) Faqruddin Faqr Dehlvi, Mehrauli , New Delhi; Shah Niyaz Ahmad Barelvi , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh; Shafruddin Ali Ahmed and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, Chirag Dilli, New Delhi; Zainuddin Shirazi, Burhanpur , Madhya Pradesh; Muhiuddin Yousuf Yahya Madani Chishti, Medina ; Kaleemullah Dehlvi Chishti, Delhi ; Nizamuddin Aurangabadi; Nizamuddin Hussain, and Meerza Agha Mohammad; Muhammad Sulman Taunswi, Pakistan , Mohammad Meera Hussaini, Hesamuddin Mankpuri, Mian Shah Mohammad Shah, Hoshiarpur , Punjab, India, Mian Ali Mohammad Khan, Pakpattan , Pakistan. Khuwaja Noman Nayyir Kulachvi (Khalifa e Majaz) Kulachi , Pakistan, Khalifa Omer Tarin Chishti-Nizami Ishq Nuri, Qalandarabad, Pakistan. The Chisti order branched out with Nizamuddin Auliya to form

950-575: The individual with such abilities. Historically, a "belief in the miracles of saints ( karāmāt al-awliyāʾ , literally 'marvels of the friends [of God]')" has been a part of Sufi Sunni Islam . This is evident from the fact that an acceptance of the miracles wrought by saints is taken for granted by many of the major authors of the Islamic Golden Age (ca. 700–1400), as well as by many prominent late-medieval scholars. According to orthodox Sunni doctrine, all miracles performed by saints are done by

988-406: The leave of God , and usually involve a "breaking of the natural order of things" ( khāriq li’l-ʿāda )," or represent, in other words, "an extraordinary happening which breaks the 'divine custom' ( sunnat Allāh ) which is the normal course of events." Traditionally, Sunni Islam has also strictly emphasized that the miracle of a saint, however extraordinary it may be, is never in any way the "sign of

1026-537: The modern world, this doctrine of the miracles of saints has been challenged by certain movements within the branches of Salafism , Wahhabism , and Islamic modernism , as certain followers of some of these movements have come to view the very idea of Muslim saints "as being both un-Islamic and backwards ... rather than the integral part of Islam which they were for over a millennium." Islamic modernists, in particular, have tended to dismiss traditional conceptions as "superstitious" rather than authentically Islamic. Despite

1064-454: The presence, however, of these opposing streams of thought, the classical doctrine continues to thrive in many parts of the Islamic world today, playing a vital role in the daily piety of vast portions of Muslim countries like Pakistan , Bangladesh , Egypt , Turkey , Senegal , Iraq , Iran , Algeria , Tunisia , Indonesia , Malaysia , and Morocco , as well as in countries with substantive Islamic populations like India, China, Russia, and

1102-522: The royal poet of the Delhi Sultanate . He died on the morning of 3 April 1325. His shrine, the Nizamuddin Dargah , is located in Delhi. and the present structure was built in 1562. The shrine is visited by people of all faiths, through the year, though it becomes a place for special congregation during the death anniversaries, or Urs , of Nizamuddin Auliya and Amīr Khusrao , who is also buried at

1140-469: The same after hearing or even meeting any other Sufi. The love kept increasing like a burning fire. If his classmates would like to have some work out of him they used to invoke the name of Baba Farid, and he never refused anything asked in his name. He didn't feel the same for anyone else in his entire lifetime. He became his disciple after completing his studies at the age of 20. He visited him thrice in his lifetime. He had more than 600 khalifas (a khalifa

1178-414: The technical vocabulary of Islamic religious sciences, the singular form karamat has a sense similar to charism , a favor or spiritual gift freely bestowed by God. The marvels ascribed to Muslim saints have included supernatural physical actions, predictions of the future, and "interpretation of the secrets of hearts". The concept is closely related to that of Barakah (divine blessing) which endows

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1216-410: The theoretical aspects of Sufism, believing rather that it were the practical aspects that counted, as it was anyway not possible to describe the diversified mystical experiences called spiritual states or stations which a practicing Sufi encountered. He discouraged the demonstration of Karamat and emphasised that it was obligatory for the Auliya to hide the ability of Keramat from the commoners. He also

1254-445: The throne, narrowly escaped death. When Mubarak Shah ascended the throne he had Khizr Khan and the latter's brothers executed. Shaikh Nizamu'd-Din took no interest in political upheavals but could not escape the brunt of Sultan Mubarak Shah's fury for having made Khizr Khan his disciple. Speaking disparagingly of the Shaikh he began to hatch schemes against him. He prohibited his nobles from visiting Ghiyaspur. Mubarak Shah also constructed

1292-996: The title roughly translates to 'Lord' or 'Master'. The Ottoman Turkish pronunciation of the Persian khwāja gave rise to hodja and its equivalents such as hoca in modern Turkish , hoxha in Albanian , խոջա ( xoǰa ) in Armenian , xoca ( khoja ) in Azerbaijani , hodža / хоџа in Serbo-Croatian , ходжа ( khodzha ) in Bulgarian , χότζας ( chótzas ) in Greek , and hoge in Romanian . Other spellings include khaaja ( Bengali ) and koja ( Javanese ). The term has been rendered into English in various forms since

1330-634: The two basic Islamic doctrinal sources of the Quran and the hadith . As the Quran referred to the miracles of non-prophetic saintly people like Khidr ( 18 :65–82), the disciples of Jesus ( 5 :111–115), and the Seven Sleepers ( 18 :7–26), amongst many others, many prominent early scholars deduced that a group of venerable people must exist who occupy a rank below the prophets and messengers but who are nevertheless capable of performing miracles. The references in

1368-687: Was born in a Sayyid family in Badayun , Uttar Pradesh . At the age of five, after the death of his father, Syed Abdullah bin Ahmad AlHussaini Badayuni, he came to Delhi with his mother, Bibi Zulekha. His biography finds mention in Ain-i-Akbari , a 16th-century document written by Mughal Emperor Akbar 's vizier , Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak . At the age of twenty, Nizāmuddīn went to Ajodhan (the present Pakpattan Sharif in Punjab, Pakistan ) and became

1406-536: Was quite generous in accepting disciples. Usually whoever came to him saying that he wanted to become a disciple was granted that favour. This resulted in him being always surrounded by people from all strata of society. Like many saints before him, Nizamuddin Aulia traced his lineage from the family of Muhammad . He was merely sixteen or seventeen years old when he first heard the name of Farīduddīn Ganjshakar , and feelings of love and respect arose in his heart right then. He narrates to his disciples that he never felt

1444-454: Was shot at the dargah. A famous Bangla song 'Nizamuddin Aulia" is dedicated to him on his historic return to Delhi. Khawaja It is also used by Kashmiri Muslims and Mizrahi Jews —particularly Kurdish Jews . The name or title Khawaja was usually given in Arab lands to non-Muslim dignitaries, usually to Jews or Christians. The word comes from the Persian word khwāja . In Persian ,

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