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81-574: Hazara University is recognized as a higher education institution by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan . The campus is situated at the crossroads of the ancient civilization of Gandhara and Ashoka and facing the silk route on the outskirts of Mansehra which had been the ancient link between the sub-continent, China and Central Asia . Haji Abdul Hanan Khan Swati, a prominent landowner in Dhodial, generously contributed land for

162-505: A group of businesses must use nearly the same fiscal year (differences of up to three months are permitted in some jurisdictions, such as the US and Japan), with consolidating entries to adjust for transactions between units with different fiscal years, so the same resources will not be counted more than once or not at all. In Afghanistan , from 2011 to 2021, the fiscal year began on 1   Hamal (20th or 21 March). The fiscal year aligned with

243-443: A January–December financial year, becoming the first Indian state to do so. But later it dropped the idea due to Many financial & accounting error. In Indonesia , since 2001, the fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December. Until 2000, the fiscal year ran from 1 April to 31 March; fiscal year 2000 ran from 1 April to 31 December. In Iran , the fiscal year usually starts on 21st or 22 March (1st of Farvardin in

324-424: A bright future through a young, qualified and energetic generation. Eminent scholars from Pakistan deliver interactive lectures on various topics and recorded lectures from foreign universities are also broadcast. The lectures delivered/broadcast are aimed to develop fundamental concepts, to enhance the critical thinking for under-graduate and graduate students and to discuss cutting edge technologies/research work in

405-528: A fiscal year which ends during the summer to align the fiscal year with the academic year (and, in some cases involving public universities, with the state government's fiscal year) and also because the university is normally less busy during the summer months. In the Northern Hemisphere , that is July to the next June. In the Southern Hemisphere , that is the calendar year, January to December. In

486-493: A number of new projects to be undertaken. Pakistan's first foreign engineering university (Pak Austria Fachhochschule) was inaugurated by the Prime Minister of Pakistan in 2020. It incorporates a hybrid model involving a Fachhochschule half and a postgraduate research half, with a central technology park for promotion of innovations. There are eight foreign universities collaborating (three Austrian and five Chinese) to train

567-562: A similar fashion, many nonprofit performing arts organizations will have a fiscal year which ends during the summer, so that their performance season that begins in the fall and ends in the spring will be within one fiscal year. Some media/communication-based organizations use a broadcast calendar as the basis for their fiscal year. Fiscal years' names are often shortened based on the year in which they end ; for example, "fiscal year 2023-2024" and "FY24" are synonymous. The fiscal year for individuals and entities to report and pay income taxes

648-430: A value of up to 100 million rupees were also abolished, thereby greatly reducing its powers and effectiveness. While Atta-ur-Rahman is known as the founder and builder of commission, Javaid Laghari is recognized by all academics as the one who saved it from devolution and disintegration. Massive anti-Pakistan Peoples Party demonstration broke out in all over the country over this issue in 2011 and student unions gathered in

729-400: A year ending 30 June on the following dates: Victoria changed in 1870, South Australia in 1874, Queensland in 1875, Western Australia in 1892, New South Wales in 1895 and Tasmania in 1904. The Commonwealth adopted the near-ubiquitous financial year standard since its inception in 1901. The reason given for the change was for convenience, as Parliament typically sits during May and June, while it

810-573: Is a statutory body formed by the Government of Pakistan which was established in 2002 under the Chairmanship of Atta-ur-Rahman . Its main functions are funding, overseeing, regulating and accrediting the higher education institutions in the country. It was first established in 1974 as University Grants Commission (UGC), and came into its modern form on 11 September 2002 after Atta-ur-Rahman's reforms, which received international praise. The commission

891-498: Is a list of people who have served as the chairman of the Higher Education Commission. One term lasts four years. Atta-ur-Rehman completed his tenure in 2006, but was given another term till 2010. He resigned on 9 October 2008. Fiscal year A fiscal year (also known as a financial year , or sometimes budget year ) is used in government accounting, which varies between countries, and for budget purposes. It

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972-734: Is a lucrative profession in Pakistan. It has tripled the salaries of its scientists in the last few years.". Atta-ur-Rahman was conferred the highest national Award of the Republic of China, the Friendship Award, in September 2014, and then elected as Academician (Foreign Member) of Chinese Academy of Sciences, a prestigious honour for his contributions to develop strong linkages between Pakistan and China in various fields of higher education, science and technology. The President of China Xi Jinping conferred

1053-506: Is aimed for development of various areas in higher education. Since the reforms in higher education have been carried out in 2002, commission has received praise from the international higher education observers. Atta-ur_Rahman has received number of prestigious international awards for the remarkable transformation of the higher education sector under his leadership. German academic Wolfgang Voelter of Tübingen University in Germany over viewed

1134-432: Is also used for financial reporting by businesses and other organizations. Laws in many jurisdictions require company financial reports to be prepared and published on an annual basis but generally with the reporting period not aligning with the calendar year (1 January to 31 December). Taxation laws generally require accounting records to be maintained and taxes calculated on an annual basis, which usually corresponds to

1215-453: Is appointed by the Prime Minister for a four-year term based upon the requests and recommendations send by the Ministry of Federal Education and Professional Training. According to commission's ordinance, the Prime Minister is the controlling authority and the shortlisted names are to be forwarded to Him for the final say. The Prime Minister reserves the right to re-appoint or give extension to

1296-410: Is governed and chaired by the appointed chairman who is assisted by the secretaries of federal education and professional training and science and technology . The chairman and secretaries are assisted by the additional members who are appointed from the four provinces as well as university vice-chancellors. Other members are included from state and private-sector and executive director. The chairman

1377-723: Is known for his stand on exposing the fake degrees of many parliamentarians, including Ministers, in spite of pressure by the government. A task force was formed on "Technology Driven Knowledge Economy" that is chaired by the Prime Minister Imran Khan and has Atta-ur-Rahman as its Vice Chairman. The group has several Federal Ministers as members including the Federal Minister of Finance, Federal Minister of Planning, Federal Minister of Education, Federal Minister of IT/Telecom, Federal Minister of Science & Technology and chairman Higher Education Commission. The task force has

1458-523: Is not strictly applied in undergraduate research classes. In spite of its achievements, it was criticized by Pervez Hoodbhoy , a nuclear physicist and a professor at the Quaid-e-Azam University , who maintained that "commission have made higher education more expensive." These views have been opposed by numerous eminent national and international scholars and scientists in the country and abroad. A strongly worded article against Hoodbhoy's views

1539-480: Is often known as the taxpayer's tax year or taxable year. Taxpayers in many jurisdictions may choose their tax year. Some federal countries, such as Canada and Switzerland, require the provincial or cantonal tax year to align with the federal year. In the United States, most states retained a 30 June fiscal year-end date when the federal government switched to 30 September in 1976. Nearly all jurisdictions require that

1620-429: Is responsible for formulating higher education policy and quality assurance to meet the international standards as well as providing accrediting academic degrees, development of new institutions and uplift of existing institutions in Pakistan. The commission also facilitated the development of higher educational system in the country with the main purpose of upgrading the universities and degree awarding institutes in

1701-507: Is set for the development on science and higher education, particularly distributed to the commission, highest in the financial history of Pakistan. By 2008, as a result of its policy and financial successes, most universities had become strong proponents of the Higher Education Commission. Quality had increased significantly and several institutions were on their way to becoming world-class institutions. Many expatriate Pakistanis returned from abroad with access to competitive salaries. Besides

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1782-573: The Solar Hejri calendar ) and concludes on next year's 20th or 21 March (29th or 30th of Esfand in the Solar Hijri calendar ). In Ireland , the fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December. Until 2001, it was the year ending 5 April, as in the United Kingdom, but was changed with the introduction of the euro . The 2001 tax year was nine months, from April to December. In Israel ,

1863-482: The Statistics Division and published by Isani, around 430,000 students were enrolled in different universities to pursue their higher education over the fiscal period of 1960–65 . From 1965 to 1971, the government spent 173.8 million rupees on the education sector as opposed to actual allocations of ₨. 278.6 million. After the 1971 war with India which saw the separation of East Pakistan as Bangladesh ,

1944-677: The 18th amendment and guaranteeing its autonomy. Based on the position taken by the chairman HEC, the court issued verdicts against the government's decision. Ultimately, the Supreme Court rendered its verdict on the petition to preserve the autonomy of commission, paralyzing any efforts of government to devolve it. Following a political appointment of Tariq Banuri as Chairman HEC in 2018, a large number of Higher Education programmes were stopped or severely curtailed, including international scholarships, research grants programme, and free access to scientific instrumentation, with consequences that led to

2025-417: The Higher Education Commission under the leadership of Atta-ur-Rahman. In 2010, the altering of Eighteenth Amendment , whose clause was directed to devolved the commission, was strongly resisted by academicians, politicians, social activists and media personality; a strong lobby for the protection of commission was instituted by scientists Atta-ur-Rahman and Javaid Laghari . Scientists and academicians from

2106-519: The International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences at University of Karachi. Currently there are more than 150 universities across Pakistan which are availing this facility for conducting lectures, meetings and other events etc. More than 5000 lectures have been delivered and these are stored on the web. At the end of every academic year, a 3 credit hour research-based activity is not envisioned. The attendance criteria of 70 – 75 percent

2187-516: The Pakistan Academy of Sciences, PAS held a nationwide conference in 2011 under the Presidency of Atta-ur-Rahman to gain public support for the protection of commission at the public level. During this ongoing debate, the then chairman, Javaid Laghari who was former technocrat Senator from Pakistan Peoples Party and President of a private university SZABIST as well, declared that the devolution of

2268-510: The Pakistan government funding, a large financial endowment is distributed by the United States Government as part of its funding to the universities. Prioritizing the expansion of the higher education in the country, the commission's financial budget is estimated near 57.8 billion rupees, more than that of Pakistan Steel Mills , Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) or any other state-owned enterprises ’ allocations. The budget

2349-708: The Persian or Solar Hijri calendar used in Afghanistan at the time. Following transfer of power to the Taliban administration in September 2021, Afghanistan abandoned the Solar Hijri calendar in favour of the Lunar Hijri calendar . The fiscal cycle was restarted with effect from 1   Muharram 1444 AH (30   July 2022) In Australia , a fiscal year is commonly called a "financial year" (FY) and starts on 1 July and ends on

2430-455: The Punjab and among forty colleges expanded to four provinces of Pakistan. Education policy revised by Prime Minister of Pakistan Liaquat Ali Khan , the government established various universities and colleges in all over the country. The same year, Mohammad Ali Jinnah held a National Education Conference (also known as Pakistan Education Conference) of academicians and state holders to revise

2511-615: The UK calendar despite being listed in India. Companies following Indian fiscal year get to know their economic health on 31 March of every Indian financial or fiscal year. The current fiscal year was adopted by the colonial British government in 1867 to align India's financial year with that of the British Empire. Prior to 1867, India followed a fiscal year that ran from 1 May to 30 April. On 4 May 2017, Madhya Pradesh announced that it would move to

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2592-539: The commission unconstitutional. Laghari also went on a media and public speaking and OpEd writing campaign to save the higher education sector from the clutches of politicians. The status of the Executive Director as equivalent to a Federal Secretary was taken away by the Pakistan Peoples Party government and its powers to approve projects through holding Departmental Developmental Working Projects (DDWP) of

2673-516: The commission, Fulbright and others." The reforms brought about by Atta-ur-Rahman were also applauded by the United Nations Commission on Science and Technology for Development (UNCSTD) which reported that the "progress made was breath-taking and has put Pakistan ahead of comparable countries in numerous aspects." In limited time, it established and provided free access to scientific literature by high-speed Internet for all universities,

2754-431: The country to be focal point of the high learning of education, research and development. Over several years, it has played an important and leading role towards building a knowledge-based economy in Pakistan by giving out hundreds of doctoral scholarships for education abroad every year. At the time of establishment of Pakistan on 14 August 1947 , the country had only one institution of higher learning, University of

2835-527: The day that is closest to a particular date (for example, the Friday closest to 31 December). Under such a system, some fiscal years have 52 weeks and others 53 weeks. The calendar year is used as the fiscal year by about 65% of publicly traded companies in the United States and for most large corporations in the United Kingdom. That is the case in many countries around the world with a few exceptions such as Australia, New Zealand, and Japan. Many universities have

2916-508: The designated chairman. Though the executive director is the administrative head of the commission, almost every decision in the commission is taken with the consent of the chairman. Science is a lucrative profession in Pakistan and the official science policy in Pakistan plays a major role in the development of budget in the country for fiscal years. Since revitalized in 2002, the commission's budget increased up to ~340.2% in terms of fiscal period of 2001–06 . Around 50%–70% of federal budget

2997-534: The developments that have taken place as a result of the reforms, since Pakistan has emerged as the country with the highest increase in the percentage of high highly cited papers in comparison to the BRIC countries. To facilitate distance education and to promote information technology, a number of facilitating measures were taken by Atta-ur-Rahman. As of 2020, Pakistan has 85% teledensity with 183 million cellular, 98 million 3G/4G and 101 million broadband subscribers, due to

3078-408: The end of a week (e.g., 52 or 53 weeks in length, and therefore is not exactly one calendar year in length), or opt for its financial year to end on a date that matches the reporting cycle of its foreign parent. All entities within the one group must use the same financial year. For government accounting and budget purposes, pre- Federation colonies changed the financial year from the calendar year to

3159-517: The establishment of the mental hospital in Mansehra . This hospital was built by the first health minister of Pakistan Khan Khudadad Khan Swati and eventually transformed into Hazara University later. This university offers Bachelor's degree in the fields of Arts & Humanities, Business & Social Sciences and Science & Technology. Higher Education Commission of Pakistan The Higher Education Commission (colloquially known as HEC )

3240-509: The faculty, control quality, and eventually offer their degrees to selected students. It is located in Haripur , Hazara Division , about 50 miles from Islamabad. Similar foreign engineering universities are in the process of being established in Sialkot, and in lands behind Prime Minister House, Islamabad. The commission's main programs are following: Active and listed Division(s): The commission

3321-545: The federal government installations to oppose the merger. In 2012, two petitions signed by Atta ur Rahman were filed before the Supreme Court of Pakistan against the devolution of the commission and to preserve its autonomy. The Supreme Court approved the petitions, and Javaid Laghari, the then chairman, in the HEC submission to the Supreme Court, opposed the devolution on constitutional grounds, thereby preventing its devolution under

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3402-402: The fields of modern sciences for students and faculty members. Interactive lectures from foreign universities are also arranged. Nobel Laureates/Eminent scientists/researchers are invited to deliver lectures to share their knowledge/research work. The nationwide distance education programme is being implemented by Latif Ebrahim Jamal National Science Information Center, which is an integral part of

3483-520: The first 6 years of commission under Atta-ur-Rahman as "Pakistan's golden period in higher education". Recently, Thomson Reuters in an independent assessment of Pakistan's progress in international publications has acknowledged that in the last decade there has been a fourfold increase in international publications and a tenfold growth in highly cited papers, statistics that were better than the BRIC countries. American academic Fred M. Hayward has also praised

3564-423: The fiscal period of 1960–65 in a joint collaboration led by Ministry of Finance , Ministry of Federal Education and Professional Training (the then called Ministry of Education), University Grants Commission and Planning Commission . Colleges were transformed into full-scale research universities and special research institutes were established in all over the country. According to the calculations performed by

3645-551: The fiscal year is 1 July to 30 June. In France , the fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December, and has been since at least 1911. In Germany, the fiscal year runs from 1 January until 31 December. In Greece , the fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December. In Hong Kong , the government's financial year runs from 1 April to 31 March. However, a company incorporated in Hong Kong can determine its own financial year-end, which may be different from

3726-485: The fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December. In Italy , the fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December. It was changed in 1965, before which it was 1 July to 30 June. In Japan , the government's financial year is from 1 April to 31 March. Japan's income tax year is 1 January to 31 December, but corporate tax is charged according to the corporation's own annual period; most Japanese corporations elect their annual period to follow

3807-407: The fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December. In Bulgaria , the fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December, both for personal income tax and for corporate taxes. In Canada , the government's financial year is 1 April to 31 March. (Q1 1 April – 30 June, Q2 1 July – 30 Sept, Q3 1 Oct – 31 Dec and Q4 1 Jan – 31 Mar) For individual taxpayers,

3888-434: The fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December. In China , the fiscal year for all entities is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December, and applies to the tax year, statutory year, and planning year. In Colombia , the fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December. In Costa Rica , the fiscal year is the calendar year. January to December. As of 2019 when the tax laws changed. In Egypt ,

3969-411: The fiscal year used for government purposes. The calculation of tax on an annual basis is especially relevant for direct taxes , such as income tax. Many annual government fees—such as council tax and license fees, are also levied on a fiscal year basis, but others are charged on an anniversary basis. Some companies, such as Cisco Systems , end their fiscal year on the same day of the week each year:

4050-450: The foundations laid by Atta-ur-Rahman of the IT and telecom industry during 2000–2008. The situation in the higher education sector deteriorated in the subsequent decade with the rankings of all universities slipping badly. Javaid Laghari was the second chairman from 2009 to 2013 who tried to continue the higher education reforms despite serious cuts in funding and opposition by the government. He

4131-427: The government fiscal year (1 April to 31 March). In Lithuania , the fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December. In Macau , the government's financial year is 1 January to 31 December. In Malaysia , the tax year for individuals is the calendar year, from 1 January to 31 December. The Companies Act 2016 does not state when the fiscal year must start for companies, so businesses are free to choose

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4212-572: The government fiscal year. In India , the government's financial year runs from 1 April to 31 March the following year. The financial year from 1 April 2024 to 31 March 2025 would generally be abbreviated as FY 2024-25 or( FY24-25) ( FY2024/25),(FY2024/2025),(FY24/25), but it may also be called FY 2025 or FY25 on the basis of the ending year. Companies following the Indian Depositary Receipt (IDR) are given freedom to choose their financial year. For example, Standard Chartered's IDR follows

4293-522: The greatest annual increase in research articles in the world (21%) in 2018. A number of institutions have been named after Rahman including the "Atta-ur-Rahman Institute of Natural Product Discovery" (RIND) at Malaysia’s largest university, Universiti Teknologi MARA and the Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences at National University of Science & Technology in Islamabad. More recently,

4374-438: The higher education sector. The Austrian government conferred its highest civil award (“Grosse Goldene Ehrenzeischen am Bande") in recognition of his eminent contributions. Nature, a leading science journal, has also written a number of editorials and articles about the transformation brought about in Pakistan in the higher education sector under the commission. In an article entitled "Pakistan Threat to Indian Science" published in

4455-693: The highest scientific award of China to the Pakistani scientist Atta-ur-Rahman in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on 10 January 2020. He thus became the first scientist of the Muslim world to receive this Award. The next chairman Javaid Laghari continued the reforms initiated earlier but focused mostly on quality and research. During his four-year tenure, emphasis was given to commercialization of research carried out in

4536-584: The initiative of dissolving the University Grants Commission and establishing a new autonomous organisation which was completely independent of the Federal Ministry of Education – the Higher Education Commission. The Chairman of the Higher Education Commission was given the status of a Federal Minister, while its Executive Director was given the status of a Federal Secretary. President Musharraf invited scientist and chemist Atta-ur-Rahman , who

4617-471: The leading Chinese University on Traditional Medicine in Changsha, Hunan has named a research institute in honour of Atta-ur-Rahman,(“Academician Professor Atta-ur-Rahman One Belt and One Road TCM Research Center”) in recognition of his eminent contributions to uplift science in Pakistan and to establish strong linkages with China. Atta-ur-Rahman has won four international awards for the revolutionary changes in

4698-658: The leading daily newspaper Hindustan Times, India, it has been reported that C. N. R. Rao , chairman of the Indian Prime Minister 's Scientific Advisory Council made a presentation to the Indian Prime Minister at the rapid progress made by Pakistan in the higher education sector under the leadership of Atta-ur-Rahman. It was reported that as result of the reforms brought about in Pakistan " Pakistan may soon join China in giving India serious competition in science". "Science

4779-531: The mandate to promote research in technology fields and to initiate projects that can use science and technology for sustainable and equitable socio-economic development. Another task force of Prime Minister on science & technology has been formed with Atta-ur-Rahman as its chairman. As a result of the efforts of the Task Forces headed by Atta-ur-Rahman, the development budget of the Federal Ministry of Science and technology has been enhanced by over 600%, allowing

4860-491: The national ideology. President Zia's policies led to the fundamentalist ideas flaring in the higher education system in the country. In 1992, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif announced a "National Education Policy 1992" (NEP-92) to streamline the process of higher education. This was followed by the Eighth Five-year Plans launched by Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in 1993 which focused on primary education. Prior to

4941-492: The new education policy was announced with the implementation of nationalization program in 1972, by the Pakistan Peoples Party . Under this policy, all two-year colleges were transformed to university status under the state-controlled policy, and privatized universities were nationalized. During this time, Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto had spent 70% of natural resources on higher education efforts; enrollment in

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5022-402: The next 30 June. Financial years are designated by the calendar year of the second half of the period. For example, financial year 2025 is the 12-month period ending on 30 June 2025 and can be referred to as FY2024/25. It is used for official purposes, by individual taxpayers and by the overwhelming majority of business enterprises. Business enterprises may opt to use a financial year that ends at

5103-414: The objectives of this project a primary objective of introduction of Video Conferencing facility, launched by Atta-ur-Rahman, is to enhance students teachers interaction through distance learning, bridge the gap of good faculty, meet the shortage of faculty members at the universities located at far-flung areas and ultimately to uplift the standard of education in Pakistan. The commission aims to give Pakistan

5184-493: The performance of commission under the leadership of Atta-ur-Rahman and described the reforms as "A miracle happened." After teaching and visiting in 15 universities of Pakistan, Voelter wrote that the "scenario of education and science and technology in Pakistan has changed dramatically, as never before in the history of the country. The chairperson of the Senate Standing Committee on Education recently announced

5265-412: The policy of higher education in the country, as he stated: ... The importance of education and the type of education cannot be over-emphasized ... There is no doubt that the future of our state of Pakistan will and must greatly depend upon the type of education we give to our children and the way in which we bring them up as future citizens of Pakistan.... We should not forget that we have to compete with

5346-488: The reform process undertaken by Pakistan, admitting that "since 2002, a number of extraordinary changes have taken place." Hayward pointed out that "over the last six years almost 4,000 scholars have participated in PhD programs in Pakistan in which more than 600 students have studied in foreign PhD programs." The commission instituted major upgrades for scientific laboratories, rehabilitating existing educational facilities, expanding

5427-436: The removal of Banuri before his tenure ended and the appointment of Farooq Bazai as Acting Chairman. The National Accountability Bureau also started investigations of allegations of corruption against Banuri, particularly those related to cronyism, and misuse of public funds. Investigations have also been initiated against Banuri for falsely declaring himself as a tenured Professor before the selection committee. The following

5508-446: The research support and overseeing the development of one of the best digital libraries in the region. Seeking to meeting the international standard, a quality assurance and accreditation process was also established, of which, ~95% of students sent abroad for training returned, an unusually high result for a developing country in response to improved salaries and working conditions at universities as well as bonding and strict follow-up by

5589-582: The tax year be 12 months or 52/53 weeks. However, short years are permitted as the first year or when changing tax years. Most countries require all individuals to pay income tax based on the calendar year. Significant exceptions include: Many jurisdictions require that the tax year conform to the taxpayer's fiscal year for financial reporting. The United States is a notable exception: taxpayers may choose any tax year, but must keep books and records for such year. In some jurisdictions, particularly those that permit tax consolidation , companies that are part of

5670-413: The tenfold increase in highly cited papers from Pakistan as a result of the remarkable reform process under Javaid Laghari, and concluded that the rate of increase was higher than Brazil, Russia, India and China. The creation of commission has had a positive impact on higher education and research culture in Pakistan from 2002 to 2013 under the leaderships of both Atta-ur-Rahman and Javaid Laghari. Among

5751-441: The unanimous conclusion that commission's program initiated under the leadership of Atta-ur-Rahman is a "best-practice" example for developing countries aiming at building their human resources and establishing an innovative, technology-based economy." According to an analysis carried out by Clarivate Analytics and reported in the world's leading journal Nature, as a result of the reforms introduced by Atta-ur-Rahman, Pakistan achieved

5832-418: The universities and units to commercialize university research established in most public sector universities. Research output out of Pakistan increased by over 50% within three years, which was the second highest increase worldwide. According to Scimago world scientific database, if Pakistan continues at the same pace, its ranking will increase from 43 to 27 globally by 2017. In 2016, Thomson Reuters acknowledged

5913-433: The universities increased to 56%. Prime Minister Bhutto sought integrated social change and economic progress through nationalization. In 1974, the University Grants Commission was officially established by an Act of Parliament . In 1979, President Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq 's policies announced "The National Education Policy, 1979" (NEP-79) which saw the harmonization of higher education in Pakistan with Islamic concepts and

5994-421: The upgrade of research equipment accessible across the country and the program of establishing new universities of science and technology, including science parks attracted the foreign investors, prove the efficiency and the long-term benefits for the country enabled. The United Nations Commission on Science and Technology for Development has closely monitored the development in Pakistan in the past years, coming to

6075-412: The world which is moving very fast in this direction.... Many recommendations were directed and accepted by the government to established the University Grants Commission as a federal regulatory institution. Efforts led by Prime Minister Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy led to the imposition of Soviet-oriented first five-year plans which explained the first official education policy in 1956. The first plan

6156-420: The year 2000, different higher education policies, priorities and the need of competition between the political forces in Pakistan led to disturbances in the higher education sector as well as adversely affecting the University Grants Commission's ability. The inadequate financial funding and policy implementation never matched the need of higher education in the country. In 2002, President Pervez Musharraf took

6237-569: Was Federal Minister of Science and Technology, to be its first chair, and immediately passed the Presidential Ordinance on 11 September 2002 to establish the Higher Education Commission. Over several years, the commission implemented its program of enhancing access, improving quality, and increased relevance of higher education to the needs and requirement of Pakistan. The reforms carried out in science and higher education during 2000 to 2008 have been applauded by international observers and he

6318-491: Was an attempt to make education development suitable for the socio-economic development in the country. In the 1960s, the financial policies and economic programs introduced by President of Pakistan Ayub Khan greatly emphasized to importance of higher education in the country. A significant proportion of the budget was actually spent to promote higher education efforts in the country. Thesis written by Usman Ali Isani pointed out that 912 million rupees were spent annually for

6399-562: Was called "a force of nature" in an article published in Nature . As a result of reforms introduced by Atta-ur-Rahman, sector 4 Pakistani universities became ranked among the top 300, 400 and 500 universities of the world under the Times Higher Education (UK) rankings of 2008. In an analysis of scientific research productivity of Pakistan, in comparison to Brazil, Russia, India, and China ("BRIC" countries), Thomson Reuters has applauded

6480-451: Was difficult for it to meet in November and December to pass a budget. The Financial year is split into four quarters which cover the following periods: In Austria , the fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December. In Bangladesh , the fiscal year is 1 July to the next 30 June. In Belarus , the fiscal year is the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December. In Brazil ,

6561-477: Was published by Abdul Qadeer Khan , who termed commission as "a strategic organisation." Another work on HEC's praise was authored by Mansoor Akbar Kundi, former Vice Chancellor of the Gomal University and later Executive Director of Higher Education Commission. In his article entitled "Ata ur Rehman school of Thought" he has strongly supported the reforms brought about by the dynamic and focused policies of

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