66-639: [REDACTED] Look up hasina in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Hasina is a female Arabic given name meaning chaste , virtuous . It is also used as a surname. It may refer to: Female people [ edit ] Sheikh Hasina , Bangladeshi politician and former prime minister Hasina Murshed , Bengali politician Hasina Miya , Nepalese politician Male people [ edit ] Ny Hasina Andriamanjato , Malagasy politician Other [ edit ] Haseena (disambiguation) Hasina (film) ,
132-539: A constitutional referendum returning the country to a parliamentary form of government. The subsequent parliamentary general election in 1991 was won by the BNP. After several years of autocratic rule , widespread protests and strikes had paralysed the economy. Government officers refused to follow orders and resigned. Members of the Bangladesh Rifles laid down their weapons instead of firing on protestors and curfew
198-613: A " Centre-Left " party. Under martial law, Hasina was in and out of detention throughout the 1980s. In 1984, she was put under house arrest in February and again in November. In March 1985, she was put under house arrest for another three months. Hasina and the AL participated in the 1986 Bangladeshi general election held under President Hussain Muhammad Ershad . She served as the leader of
264-578: A 2004 Indian film Hasina , the concepts of personal sanctity, sanctification and imbued authority in the traditional cultures of Madagascar Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Hasina . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hasina&oldid=1238743894 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
330-469: A 30-seat lead above BNP. The election saw a high voter turnout of ~74%. With the support of Jatiya Party , the leader of Awami League , Sheikh Hasina , was invited to form a government on 23 June, beginning her first term as Prime Minister . The first sitting of the seventh parliament of Bangladesh was subsequently held on 14 July 1996. Of the 300 directly elected seats, only eight were won by female candidates. An additional 30 seats were reserved in
396-491: A combined 864 candidates. 284 candidates ran as independents. The elections were won by the Bangladesh Awami League , who were just shy of a simple parliamentary majority, winning 146 (of the required 151 for a majority) seats. The election was close in terms of popular vote share between Awami League and BNP, with a difference of less than 4%. However, as a result of first-past-the-post voting , Awami League secured
462-433: A four-month period. Previously in February, a general election had been held which was boycotted by all major opposition parties. The opposition were demanding the installation of a neutral caretaker government to oversee the election, citing a 1994 by-election (which they alleged to have been rigged) as evidence of the BNP's inability to hold a free and fair election. Despite the boycott the February election went ahead and
528-506: A four-tier system of local government including the Gram Parishad, Zila Parishad and Upazila Parishad by passing legisation. The Hasina government liberalised the telecommunications industry, initially granting four licenses to private companies to provide cellular mobile telephone services. This resulted in the previous state monopoly being disbanded meaning prices began to reduce and access became more widespread. The government established
594-509: A fourth and fifth term after the 2018 and 2024 elections , which was marred by violence and widely criticised as being fraudulent. Her second premiership (2009–2024) was marked by economic mismanagement and rampant corruption, leading to rising foreign debt, increasing inflation, youth unemployment and banking irregularities. An estimated US$ 150 billion or Tk 17.6 lakh crore was syphoned out of Bangladesh by illegal means during this period. In 2022, anti-government protests broke out demanding
660-502: A general majority, and Hasina's Awami League emerged as the largest opposition party. Of the three constituencies Hasina contested, she lost in two and won in one. Accepting defeat, she offered her resignation as the party president but stayed on at the request of party leaders. Politics in Bangladesh took a decisive turn in 1994, after a by-election in Magura-2 , held after the death of
726-706: A number of casualties, vandalisms, lootings as well as soaring prices of daily commodities. In May 2007, the Police filed chargesheet against 19 leaders and activists of the Awami League and its affiliates for vandalising, setting fire to and looting the office of the Islamic Social Welfare Council but all of them were acquitted in court in June 2011. The months preceding the planned 22 January 2007 elections were filled with political unrest and controversy. Following
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#1732851097640792-465: A power plant. Farooq said that he paid Hasina for approving his project. On 18 April 2007, the Government barred Hasina from returning, stating that she had made provocative statements and that her return could cause disorder. This was described as a temporary measure. The Caretaker Government had also been trying to get Khaleda Zia to leave the country. Hasina vowed to return home, and on 22 April 2007,
858-513: A special court along with two of her relatives, her sister Sheikh Rehana and her cousin Sheikh Selim . On 6 February, the High Court stopped the trial, ruling that she could not be prosecuted under emergency laws for crimes alleged to have been committed prior to the imposition of the state of emergency. On 11 June 2008, Hasina was released on parole for medical reasons. The next day she flew to
924-416: A special court gave verdicts in two cases filed over the incident; the court ruled that it was a well-orchestrated plan, executed through abuse of state power, and all the accused, including BNP Senior vice-chairman Tarique Rahman ( in absentia ) and former top intelligence officials, were found guilty. The court prescribed various punishments. SAMS Kibria , Hasina's close advisor and former finance minister
990-534: A warrant was issued for her arrest for murder. Describing the case against her as "totally false and fake", Hasina said that she wanted to defend herself against the charges in court. On 23 April 2007, the arrest warrant was suspended, and on 25 April 2007, the ban on Hasina's entry was dropped. After spending 51 days in the United States and the United Kingdom, on 7 May 2007 Hasina returned to Dhaka , where she
1056-418: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Sheikh Hasina Elections Ministries [REDACTED] Sheikh Hasina (born 28 September 1947) is a Bangladeshi politician who served as the tenth prime minister of Bangladesh from June 1996 to July 2001 and again from January 2009 to August 2024. She is the daughter of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman ,
1122-532: Is widely considered that Bangladesh experienced democratic backsliding under her premiership. Human Rights Watch documented widespread enforced disappearances and extrajudicial killings under her government. Numerous politicians and journalists were systematically and judicially punished for challenging her views. In 2021, Reporters Without Borders gave a negative assessment of Hasina's media policy for curbing press freedom in Bangladesh since 2014. Hasina has been criticised as being too close to India, often at
1188-524: The 2001 general election , despite winning 40% of the popular vote (slightly less than BNP's 41%), the AL won just 62 seats in parliament as a result of the first past-the-post electoral system, while the 'Four Party Alliance' led by BNP won 234 seats, giving them a two-thirds majority in parliament. Hasina herself ran in three constituencies, and was defeated in a constituency in Rangpur , which included her husband's hometown, but won in two other seats. Hasina and
1254-529: The Anti-Corruption Commission sent notices to both Hasina and Khaleda Zia, instructing them to provide details of their assets within one week. Hasina's son Sajeeb Wazed was out of the country and said he would try to organise a worldwide protest. These arrests of the political leaders were widely seen as a move by the military-backed interim government to force Hasina and Zia out of the country and into political exile. United Kingdom MPs condemned
1320-755: The Azimpur Girls' School and Begum Badrunnesa Girls' College . She enrolled for a bachelor's degree at Eden College . She was elected as the Vice President of the Students Union in Eden College between 1966 and 1967. In 1967, she married M. A. Wazed Miah , who was a Bengali nuclear scientist with a doctorate in physics from Durham . Hasina studied Bengali literature at Dhaka University , from where she graduated in 1973. Hasina lived in Rokeya Hall, which
1386-606: The Bangabandhu Bridge mega project in 1998. In 1999, the government started the New Industrial Policy (NIP) which aimed to strengthen the private sector and encourage growth. The Hasina government implemented some reforms to different sectors of the economy, which resulted in the country attaining an average of 5.5% GDP growth. The consumer price index remained at 5%, lower than other developing states who experienced 10% inflation. The Fifth Five-Year Plan (1997–2002) of
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#17328510976401452-828: The Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission to regulate the newly liberalised telecommunications industry. The government established the National Policy for Women's Advancement which sought to ensure equality between men and women. The policy aimed to guarantee security and employment, create an educated and skilled workforce, eliminate discrimination and repression against women, establish human rights and end poverty and ensure participation in socio-economic development. The government introduced three reserved seats for women in all Union Parishad election in December 1997. Hasina's cabinet approved
1518-583: The Bengali Muslim Sheikh family of Tungipara in East Bengal . Her father was Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and her mother was Begum Fazilatunnesa Mujib . Hasina grew up in Tungipara during her early childhood under the care of her mother and grandmother. When the family moved to Dhaka, they initially lived in the neighborhood of Segunbagicha . When Hasina's father became a government minister in 1954,
1584-500: The June 1996 election . While the country began to experience economic growth and a reduction in poverty, it remained in political turmoil during her first term, which ended in July 2001 , with Hasina being succeeded by Zia following her victory. Hasina was the first Bangladeshi prime minister to serve a full five-year term since independence in 1971 . During the 2006–2008 political crisis , Hasina
1650-617: The United Front Ministry was elected in 1954, and we were living in No 3 Minto Road, one day, my mother told us that father had been arrested the night before. Then we used to visit him in jail and we always realised that he was put in jail so often because he loved the people." Hasina and her siblings had very little time to spend with their father because of his preoccupation with politics. Hasina attended primary school in her village of Tungipara . When her family moved to Dhaka, she attended
1716-520: The assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman . Dictator Hasina, Wazed and Rehana were visiting Europe at the time of the assassination. They took refuge in the house of the Bangladeshi ambassador to West Germany ; before taking up an offer of political asylum from Prime Minister Indira Gandhi of India. The surviving members of the family lived in exile in New Delhi, India for six years. Dictator Hasina
1782-417: The parliamentary opposition in 1986–1987. She led an eight-party alliance as opposition against Ershad. Hasina's decision to take part in the election had been criticised by her opponents, since the election was held under martial law , and the other main opposition group boycotted the poll. However, her supporters maintained that she used the platform effectively to challenge Ershad's rule. Ershad dissolved
1848-452: The AL rejected the results, claiming that the election was rigged with the assistance of the president and the caretaker government. The international community was largely satisfied with the elections, and the 'Four Party Alliance' went on to form a government. The Awami League MPs were irregular in attending parliament during the following period. In late 2003, the Awami League started its first major anti-government movement, culminating in
1914-530: The BNP could resolve the issue by acceding to their demands. In late 1995, the members of parliament of the AL and other parties resigned en masse. Parliament completed its five-year term and the February 1996 general election was held. The election was boycotted by all major parties except the ruling BNP, who won all the seats in the parliament as a result. Hasina described the election as a farce. The new parliament, composed almost entirely of BNP members, amended
1980-497: The Bangladesh Awami League , lost the 1991 election to Khaleda Zia , with whom she had collaborated against Ershad. As leader of the opposition, Hasina accused Zia's Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) of electoral dishonesty and boycotted Parliament , which was followed by violent demonstrations and political turmoil. Zia resigned in favour of a caretaker government , followed by Hasina becoming prime minister after
2046-1170: The National Plan of Action for Children in 1999 to ensure rights and improved upbringing. Hasina attended the World Micro Credit summit in Washington DC; the World Food Summit in Rome; the Inter-Parliamentary Union Conference in India; the OIC summit in Pakistan; the 9th SAARC summit in the Maldives; the first D-8 summit in Turkey; the 5th World Conference for the Aged in Germany; the Commonwealth summit in
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2112-683: The President and organised troops loyal to him. Consequently, President Biswas dismissed Nasim and appointed a new chief of staff. Troops loyal to the President were mobilised to protect Government institutions in the capital and Nasim was arrested by military police and the attempted coup d'état failed. A total of 2,574 candidates contested the elections. The Awami League , Bangladesh Nationalist Party and Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh all put forward full slates of 300 candidates. The Jatiya Party ran 293 candidate, Islami Oikkya Jote 166 and Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Rab) 67, with other minor parties nominating
2178-511: The President appointed former Chief Justice Muhammad Habibur Rahman as Chief Advisor (a position equivalent to prime minister) in the interim government. A new election was scheduled for 12 June 1996. In 1996 the 330 members of the Jatiya Sangsad consisted of 300 directly elected seats using first-past-the-post voting in single-member constituencies, and an additional 30 seats reserved for women. The reserved seats are distributed based on
2244-623: The UK and the OIC summit in Iran. Hasina also visited the United States, Saudi Arabia, Japan, the Philippines and Indonesia. Bangladesh joined two multilateral bodies, the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) and D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation (D-8). She became the first Bangladeshi prime minister since independence to complete an entire five-year term. In
2310-519: The United States to be treated for hearing impairment, eye problems and high blood pressure. Syed Modasser Ali , her personal physician, threatened to sue the caretaker government over negligence regarding Hasina's treatment during her detention. June 1996 Bangladeshi general election Muhammad Habibur Rahman Independent ( caretaker government ) Sheikh Hasina AL General elections were held in Bangladesh on 12 June 1996. The result
2376-589: The arrest. On 11 April 2007, the police filed murder charges against Hasina, alleging that she masterminded the killing in October 2006 of four supporters of a rival political party. The four alleged victims were beaten to death during clashes between the AL and rival party activists. Hasina was visiting the United States at the time. On 30 July 2007, the High Court suspended Hasina's extortion trial and ordered her release on bail. On 2 September 2007, an additional case
2442-411: The constitution to create provisions for a caretaker government (CTG). The June 1996 general election was held under a neutral caretaker government headed by retired Chief Justice Muhammad Habibur Rahman . The AL won 146 seats, a plurality, but fell short of a simple majority . Khaleda Zia, leader of the BNP who won 104 seats, denounced the results and alleged vote rigging . This was in contrast with
2508-430: The cost of Bangladesh's sovereignty. She is seen as a manifestation of India's interference in Bangladeshi politics, which the critics described as the main source of Hasina's power. Hasina was among Time 's 100 most influential people in the world in 2018, and was listed as being one of the 100 most powerful women in the world by Forbes in 2015, 2018, and 2022. Hasina was born on 28 September 1947 to
2574-562: The declaration by party general secretary Abdul Jolil that the government would fall before 30 April 2004. During her second term as leader of the opposition, political unrest and violence increased. MP Ahsanullah Master died after he was shot in May 2004. This was followed by a grenade attack on 21 August on an Awami League gathering in Dhaka, resulting in the death of 24 party supporters, including Ivy Rahman , party women's secretary. In October 2018,
2640-543: The election results. Each parliament sits for a five-year term. During the election campaign there was an attempted coup d'état by the military. On 12 May, President Biswas fired General Abu Saleh Mohammad Nasim, Chief of the Staff of the Army, due to his refusal to carry out a presidential order to retire two of his generals who were alleged to be consorting with political parties in violation of military rules. Nasim revolted against
2706-461: The end of Khaleda Zia's government in October 2006, there were protests and strikes, during which 40 people were killed in the following month, over uncertainty about who would head the Caretaker Government . The caretaker government had difficulty bringing all parties to the table. The AL and its allies protested and alleged that the caretaker government favoured the BNP. The interim period
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2772-602: The family lived on 3 Minto Road. In the 1950s, her father also worked in the Alpha Insurance Company, aside from his political activities. In the 1960s, the family moved into a home built by her father on Road 32 in Dhanmondi . In many interviews and speeches, Hasina talked about growing up while her father was held as a political prisoner by the Pakistani government. In one interview, she remarked that "For instance, after
2838-436: The first president of Bangladesh . She served in the position of prime minister for over 20 years, making her the longest-serving prime minister in history of Bangladesh . Thus, she became the world's longest-serving female head of government . Her authoritarian regime ended in self-imposed exile following an uprising in 2024. As the autocratic regime of Hussain Muhammad Ershad came to an end, Hasina, then leader of
2904-483: The government and all but four sectors of the economy were opened up to the private sector. Attempts were made to create a social security system to protect the most vulnerable in society. The Hasina administration introduced an allowance scheme which resulted in 400,000 elderly people receiving monthly allowances. This scheme was later extended to widows, distressed and deserted women. A national foundation devoted to rehabilitation and training of people, with disabilities
2970-488: The government placed an emphasis on poverty alleviation programmes which provided credit and training to unemployed youths and women. Food-grain production increased from 19 million tons to 26.5 million tons while the poverty rate reduced. A Housing Fund was established to provide fiscal assistance to those homeless as a result of river erosion. The government launched the Ekti Bari Ekti Khamar scheme which accentuated
3036-714: The incomes of the poorer segments of society through household farming. The Hasina government adopted the New Industrial Policy in 1999 which aimed to bolster the private sector and attract foreign direct investment, thus expediating the globalisation process. The NIP aimed for 25% of the economy to be industry based with 20% of the country's workforce employed in industry. It encouraged the institution of small, cottage and labour-intensive industries with an onus on skill development for women for employment, development of indigenous technology and industries based on local raw materials. The NIP allowed for foreign investors to own 100% equity in Bangladeshi enterprises without prior approval from
3102-434: The incumbent Prime Minister Khaleda Zia 's BNP was re-elected for the second term in a landslide victory, with the majority of seats uncontested. The voting was denounced as unfair by the three main opposition parties and the voter turnout was the lowest in Bangladesh's parliamentary electoral history at only 21%. Following the elections President Abdur Rahman Biswas invited Zia to form a government, but this administration
3168-608: The last day possible. They demanded that a voters' roll be published. Later in the month, President Iajuddin Ahmed was compelled to declare a state of emergency . Consequently, Lt General Moeen Uddin Ahmed took control of the government. Political activity was prohibited. Fakhruddin Ahmed became the chief advisor with the support of the Bangladesh Army. Hasina went to the United States embassy on 14 March 2007 along with Kazi Zafarullah and Tareq Ahmed Siddique . She would fly
3234-465: The member of parliament for that constituency, a member of Hasina's party. The Awami League had expected to win back the seat, but the BNP candidate won through rigging and manipulation, according to the neutral parties who witnessed the election. Hasina led the Bangladesh Awami League in boycotting the parliament from 1994. The Awami League (AL), with other opposition parties, demanded that
3300-529: The neutral observers who said that the election was free and fair. Hasina served her first term as Prime Minister of Bangladesh from June 1996 to July 2001. She signed the 30-year water-sharing treaty with India governing the Ganges . Her administration repealed the Indemnity Act , which granted immunity from prosecution to the killers of Sheikh Mujib. Her government opened-up the telecommunications industry to
3366-463: The next day to the United States accompanied by Tareq Ahmed Siddique and Abdus Sobhan Golap . She visited her son and daughter who live in the United States. She then moved to the United Kingdom. In April 2007, Hasina was charged with graft and extortion by the military-backed caretaker government during the 2006–2008 political crisis . She was accused of having forced businessman Tajul Islam Farooq to pay bribes in 1998 before his company could build
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#17328510976403432-405: The next general elections be held under a neutral caretaker government, and that provision for caretaker governments to manage elections be incorporated in the constitution. The ruling BNP refused to act on these demands. Opposition parties launched an unprecedented campaign, calling strikes for weeks on end. The Government accused them of destroying the economy while the opposition countered that
3498-642: The parliament in December 1987 when Hasina and her Awami League resigned in an attempt to call for a fresh general election to be held under a neutral government. During November and December in 1987, a mass uprising happened in Dhaka and several people were killed, including Noor Hossain , an Awami League activist and supporter of Hasina. Her party, along with the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) under Khaleda Zia , continued to work to restore democratically elected government , which they achieved after
3564-669: The private sector, which until then was limited to government-owned companies. In December 1997, Hasina's administration signed the Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord , ending the insurgency in the Chittagong Division for which Hasina won the UNESCO Peace Prize. Her government established the Ashrayan-1 Project while bilateral relations with neighbouring states improved. Hasina's government completed
3630-496: The resignation of Hasina. In June 2024, fresh student protests erupted throughout the country, demanding the reform of quotas in government jobs . The protests were met with brutal crackdown by law-enforcement agencies and paramilitary forces, resulting in the massacre of students . By August, the protests intensified into a mass uprising against the government, which eventually culminated in Hasina resigning and fleeing to India. It
3696-402: Was a victory for the Bangladesh Awami League , which won 146 of the 300 directly elected seats, beginning Sheikh Hasina 's first-term as Prime Minister . Voter turnout was 75%, the highest to date. This election was the second to be held in 1996, following controversial elections held in February a few months earlier. The June 1996 elections were the second general elections to be held within
3762-750: Was assassinated that year (2004) in a grenade attack in Sylhet . In June 2005, A. B. M. Mohiuddin Chowdhury , the incumbent AL Mayor , won an important election in Chittagong , the second-largest city in Bangladesh. This election was seen as a showdown between the opposition and the ruling party. In October 2006, Sheikh Hasina and Awami League launched the Logi Boitha Movement where thousands of Awami League workers started occupying different streets of Dhaka with boathooks and Oars for several days. This resulted in
3828-453: Was barred from entering Bangladesh by the military government of Ziaur Rahman . After she was elected President of the Bangladesh Awami League on 16 February 1981, Hasina returned home on 17 May 1981 and received a welcome from thousands of Awami League supporters. While living in exile in India, Hasina was elected President of the Awami League in 1981. The party has been described as
3894-453: Was detained on extortion charges. After her release from jail, she won the 2008 election . In 2014 , she was re-elected for a third term in an election that was boycotted by the BNP and criticised by international observers. In 2017, after nearly a million Rohingya entered the country, fleeing genocide in Myanmar , Hasina received credit and praise for giving them refuge and assistance. She won
3960-489: Was filed against Hasina by the Anti-Corruption Commission regarding the awarding of a contract for the construction of a power plant in 1997, for which she allegedly took a bribe of 30 million takas and kept the contract from going to the lowest bidder. Six others were also accused of involvement. A graft case was filed against Zia on the same day. On 13 January 2008, Hasina was indicted on extortion charges by
4026-470: Was founded in 1938 as the women's dormitory of Dhaka University ; and later named after feminist Begum Rokeya . She was involved in the politics of the Students League and was elected as the general secretary of the women's unit in Rokeya Hall. Except for her husband, children and sister Sheikh Rehana , Hasina's entire family was murdered during the 15 August 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état which saw
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#17328510976404092-475: Was founded with an initial grant of ৳100 million funded by the government. The Ashrayan-1 Project provided shelter and employment to the homeless. Hasina was the first prime minister to engage in a "Prime Minister's Question-Answer Time" in the Jatiya Sangsad . The Jatiya Sangsad repealed the Indemnity Act, allowing for the killers of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman to be prosecuted. The government introduced
4158-488: Was greeted by a crowd of several thousand. She told reporters that the government should not have delayed her return. On 16 July 2007, Hasina was arrested by police at her home and taken before a local court in Dhaka. She was accused of extortion and denied bail and was held in a building converted into jail on the premises of the National Parliament. The AL said the arrest was politically motivated. On 17 July 2007,
4224-550: Was marred with violence and strikes. Presidential Advisor Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury negotiated with Hasina and Khaleda Zia and brought all the parties to the planned 22 January 2007 parliamentary elections. Later the nomination of Ershad was cancelled by the returning officer of the Election Commission as Ershad had been convicted on a corruption case. As a result, the Grand Alliance withdrew its candidates en masse on
4290-535: Was openly violated. Hasina worked with Khaleda Zia in organising opposition to Ershad. A huge mass protest in December 1990 ousted Ershad from power when he resigned in favour of his vice president, Justice Shahabuddin Ahmed , the Chief Justice of the Bangladesh Supreme Court. The caretaker government , headed by Ahmed, administered a general election for the parliament. The BNP, led by Khaleda Zia, won
4356-448: Was short-lived, lasting only 12 days. A series of hartals (strikes) were called by the other parties and an indefinite non-cooperation movement was called until demands for a new, free election was met. On 25 March 1996, following escalating political turmoil, the sitting Parliament enacted the thirteenth constitutional amendment to allow a neutral caretaker government to assume power and conduct new parliamentary elections. On 30 March
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