57-590: [REDACTED] Look up hagoromo in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Hagoromo (羽衣), literally "feather garment", may refer to: hagoromo worn by the celestial women ( tennyo ) in Japanese legend or art Hagoromo Fulltouch Chalk , a Japanese brand of blackboard chalk originally produced by Hagoromo Bungu Hagoromo Gitsune, one of the main antagonists in Nura: Rise of
114-573: A valshamr ("falcon-feathered cloak"). Óðinn is described as being able to change his shape into that of animals, as attested in the Ynglinga saga . Furthermore, in the story of the Mead of Poetry from Skáldskaparmál , although Óðinn changes attire into an "eagle skin" ( arnarhamr ), this is interpreted as assuming an "eagle-form" or "shape", especially by later scholars; meanwhile, scholar Ruggerini argues Óðinn can use shape-shifting magic without
171-446: A "feather cloak" she could lend to others, Larrington for instance glosses the feather cloak not as a 'skin' but an 'attribute' of the goddess which gives her ability to fly. Vincent Samson explains the hamr as the physical aspect taken on by a mobile (or transmigrating) soul when undergoing animal transformation, noting that François-Xavier Dillmann defines hamr as "external form of the soul". The Breton lai of Bisclavret
228-427: A band of bright bird's feathers in the middle, speckling of findruine ( electrum ) metal on the bottom, and "golden colour on the upper half". The tuigen is also mentioned in passing when Ferchertne speaks poetically and identifies his usurper as the young Néde, undeceived by the fake beard of grass. The tuigen is also referred to (albeit allegorically) in the 17th elegy written for Eochaidh Ó hÉoghusa . In
285-440: A being who descended from heaven and taught mankind how to raise silkworms. Namely, the notion that the celestial Weaver Girl raised silkworms in heaven, spun the thread into silk, and wore the woven silk garment is a widely accepted piece of lore. Cloth or clothing with the down of the crane woven in were called hechang ( 鶴氅 ) or [he]changyi ( [鶴]氅衣 , lit. "crane down clothing"), and existed as actual pieces of clothing by
342-490: A character in the manga and anime series Naruto Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Hagoromo . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hagoromo&oldid=1240838493 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
399-479: A feather skirt in one telling, occurs in Hawaiian mythology. In the tradition regarding the hero ʻAukelenuiaʻīkū , the hero's grandmother Moʻoinanea who is matriarch of the divine lizards ( moʻo akua , or simply moʻo ) gives him her severed tail, which transforms into a cape (or kapa lehu , i.e. tapa ) that turns enemies into ashes, and sends him off on a quest to woo his destined wife, Nāmaka . Nāmaka (who
456-643: A few days or weeks before diseases from mosquitoes befell them. The decline of this bird was hastened by the introduction of the musket , which allowed hunters and collectors to shoot birds down from a distance, from great heights, and in great numbers. As late as 1898, hunters were still able to kill over a thousand individuals in one hunt, but after that year, the Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō population declined rapidly. The birds became too rare to be shot in any great quantities, but continued to be found for nearly 30 years. Despite records of mass hunting, collection seemed to play only
513-519: A magic apple that, when eaten, made the queen pregnant with her son Völsung . There were also the three swan-maidens , also described as valkyrjur , and owned sets of "swan's garments" or "swan cloaks" ( álptarhamir ; sing.: álptarhamr ), and these gave the wearer the form of a swan. And the maidens were wedded to Wayland the Smith and his brothers, according to the prose prologue to Völundarkviða ("Lay of Wayland"). This bears similarity to
570-534: A nickname for "Suibne Geilt" or "Mad Sweeney" who transforms into a feathered form according to the medieval narrative Buile Shuibhne . This concept is adapted to the Greco-Roman mythology; Mercury, god of medicine, wears a "bird covering" or "feather mantle" rather than talaria (usually conceived of as feathered slippers) in medieval Irish versions of classical literature, such as the Aeneid . Stories concerning
627-469: A pair of wings. Early literary attestations are rather scant, though the Chu Ci ( 楚辞 ) anthology may be cited (poetic work entitled Yuan You ) as mentioning the yuren . These yuren were originally supernatural divinities and strictly non-human, but later conflated or strongly associated with the xian (仙/僊) immortals, which Daoist adepts could aspire to become. The Book of Han records that
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#1732852501599684-618: A single "wing" ( Old Norse : flygill , a term borrowed from the German Flügel ) but is described as resembling a fjaðrhamr , supposedly flayed from a griffin, or vulture, or an ostrich. Modern commentators suggest that the Low German source originally just meant "wings", but the Norse translators took license to interpret it as being just like a "feather cloak". In the saga version, Velent not only requested his brother Egill to obtain
741-646: A slight variant in the Soushenji both dating to the 4th century. In the Chinese Daoist concept of gods and immortals ( 神仙 , shenxian ), these immortals wear feather garments or yuyi ( 羽衣 ). The xian also included human-born Daoists who purportedly attained immortality. These immortals have their antecedents in the myth of "feather-humans" or "winged men" ( yuren , 羽人 ). These "winged spirits" occur in ancient art, such as Han dynasty cast bronzes, and an example (cf. fig. above) appear to be clothed and possess
798-562: A terrifying battle-cry, it happens that timid and youthful men who have never been in the host before are sometimes seized with such fear and terror that they lose their wits and run away from the rest into the forest, where they seek food like beasts and shun the meeting of men like wild animals. It is also told that if these people live in the woods for twenty winters in this way, feathers will grow upon their bodies as on birds; these serve to protect them from frost and cold, but they have no large feathers to use in flight as birds have. But so great
855-548: Is a member of the extinct genus of the ʻōʻōs ( Moho ) within the extinct family Mohoidae . It was previously regarded as member of the Australo-Pacific honeyeaters ( Meliphagidae ). The Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō was first described by Blasius Merrem in 1786. It had an overall length of 32 centimetres (13 in), wing length of 11–11.5 centimetres (4.3–4.5 in), and tail length of up to 19 centimetres (7.5 in). The sexes were similar in appearance, but females were smaller and
912-455: Is depicted holding a kāhili while wearing a feather cloak. She would typically wear a feather cloak with a feather coronet and she would match these with a pair of pāʻū ('skirts' ) which ordinarily would be barkcloth skirt, however, she also had a magnificent yellow feather skirt made for her, which featured in her funerary services. Other famous examples include: A mythical enemy-incinerating kapa (barkcloth) cape, retold as
969-447: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Feather cloak#Japan Feather cloaks have been used by several cultures. It constituted noble and royal attire in § Hawaii and other Polynesian regions. It is a mythical bird-skin object that imparts power of flight upon the Gods in § Germanic mythology and legend, including
1026-513: Is difficult to identify the figures or even ascertain gender. King Bladud of Britain created artificial wings to enable flight according to Galfridian sources, conceived of as "feather skin" in Old Norse and Middle English versions (as already discussed above in § Bladud's wings ). In Ireland, the elite class of poets known as the filid wore a feathered cloak, the tuigen , according to Sanas Cormaic ("Cormac's glossary"). Although
1083-401: Is explained as a circumlocution for him recovering a magical artifact (perhaps a ring), which allows him to transform into a swan or such waterfowl with webbed feet. An alternate interpretation is that the text here should not be construed as "feet" but "wings" ("feather coat or artificial wings" ), which gave him ability to fly away. The second "wing" scenario coincides with the version of
1140-448: Is made from their girdle downwards, and of [male] mallards' necks and of their crests from the girdle upwards to their neck". Although John O'Donovan recognized an attestation to the cloak in the Lebor na Cert ("Book of Rights"), where verses by Benén mac Sescnéin are quoted, this may be an artefact of interpretive translation. In O'Donovan's rendition, the verse reads that the rights of
1197-443: Is not a "feather cloak" per se, but only likened to it (cf. § Wayland ). In Norse mythology, goddesses Freyja (as aforementioned) and Frigg each own a feather cloak that imparts the ability of flight. Freyja is not attested as using the cloak herself, however she lent her fjaðrhamr ("feather cloak") to Loki so he could fly to Jötunheimr after Þórr 's hammer went missing in Þrymskviða , and to rescue Iðunn from
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#17328525015991254-500: Is often discussed in the broader sense of "ability to fly", inclusive of Óðinn's ability to transform into bird shape, and Wayland 's flying contraption. This wider categorization may be necessary, since in the case of Óðinn (and Suttungr ) resorting to the arnarhamr ("eagle cloak"), while some have taken this to mean literal use of a garment, it has become commonplace to take it as metaphoric, and construe it to mean "changed into eagle-shape" perhaps by magic. Also, Völundr's "wing"
1311-472: Is predicted to attack him when he visits) will be immune to the cape's powers. She is also a granddaughter or descendant of the lizard, and has been given the lizard's battle pāʻū (skirt) and kāhili (feathered staff), also conferred with power to destroy enemy into ashes. In one retelling, Moʻoinanea (Ka-moʻo-inanea) gives her grandson ʻAukele her "feather skirt" and kāhili which "by shaking.. can reduce his enemies to ashes". A commentator has argued that
1368-641: Is rendered as a " fjaðrhamr " in the Old Norse translation Breta sögur , here meant strictly as a flying suit, not a means of transformation into bird. Bladud's wings are also rendered into Middle English as " Middle English : feðer-home ", cognate with Old Norse : fjaðrhamr , in Layamon's Brut version of Geoffrey's History . There are bird-people depicted on the Oseberg tapestry fragments , which may be some personage or deity wearing winged cloaks, but it
1425-483: Is their fleetness said to be that it is not possible for other men or even for greyhounds to come near them; for those men can dash up into a tree almost as swiftly as apes or squirrels. Regarding the above description of the "Gelts" sprouting feathers, it refers to the Irish word geilt meaning a "lunatic" induced into madness by fear from battle such as described in "King's Mirror" above. The word geilt also occurs as
1482-414: The jötunn Þjazi may have had something similar, referred to as an arnarhamr (eagle-shape or coat). The term hamr has the dual meaning of "skin" or "shape", and in this context, fjaðrhamr has been translated variously as " feather-skin ", " feather- fell ", "feather-cloak", " feather coat ", " feather-dress ", "coat of feathers", or form, shape or guise. The topic
1539-601: The jötunn Þjazi in Skáldskaparmál who had abducted the goddess while in an arnarhamr ("eagle shape"). The latter episode is also attested in the poem Haustlöng , where Freyja's garment is referred to as hauks flugbjalfa "hawk's flying-fur", or "hawk's flight-skin" and the jötunn employs a gemlishamr "cloak/shape of eagle". Loki also uses Frigg's feather cloak to journey to Geirröðargarða (" Geirröðr 's courts" in Jötunheimr ), referred to here as
1596-446: The guhuoniao ( 姑獲鳥 lit. "wench bird"; ) describes the heavenly maiden who by wearing a "feathered garment" can transform into a bird and attempts to snatch away human children, being childless herself. This story is considered to fall somewhat under the purview of the swan-maiden type. It is arguably the oldest example, a version being found in the Xuan zhong ji [ zh ] and
1653-488: The Emperor Wu of Han allowed the fangshi sorcerer Luan Da to wear a feathered garment in his presence, interpreted to be the granting of the privilege to publicly appeal the sorcerer's attainment of the winged immortal's power or status. A later commentator of the early Tang dynasty, Yan Shigu clarifies that the winged garment yuyi was made from bird feathers, and signifies the gods and immortals taking flight. In
1710-452: The Kings of Cashel rested with the chief poet of Ireland, together with his bird cloak ( Taiḋean ), where the term taeidhean (normalized as taiden ) is construed to be synonymous with tugen . However, taíden is glossed as "Band, troop, company" and in a modern translation Myles Dillon renders the same line (" Fogébthar i taeib na taídean ") as "The answer will always be found at
1767-457: The Old Norwegian work Konungs skuggsjá ("King's Mirror"), one can read a description of lunatics called "gelts" sprouting feathers, in the chapter dealing with Irish marvels (XI): There is still another matter, that about the men who are called “gelts,” which must seem wonderful. Men appear to become gelts in this way: when hostile forces meet and are drawn up in two lines and both set up
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1824-515: The § Swan maidens account. In medieval Ireland, the chief poet ( filí or ollam ) was entitled to wear a feather cloak. The feather robe or cloak (Chinese: yuyi ; Japanese: hagoromo ; 羽衣 ) was considered the clothing of the Immortals ( xian ; 仙/僊 ), and features in swan maiden tale types where a tennyo ( Japanese : 天女 "heavenly woman") robbed of her clothing or "feather robe" and becomes bound to live on mortal earth. However,
1881-563: The Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō have never been discovered, mainly because the species preferred to settle in the highest of branches. When Europeans first arrived, it was still relatively common on the Big Island, but its decline followed rapidly afterwards. Its striking plumage was already used for ʻaʻahu aliʻi (robes), ʻahu ʻula (capes), and kāhili (feathered staffs) of aliʻi (Hawaiian nobility ) by Native Hawaiians . Some were even caught and put in cages to be sold as songbirds, only to live for
1938-679: The High Tang period Emperor Xuanzong , legend has it that he composed or arranged the Nishang yuyi qu [ zh ] ("Melody of the Rainbow Skirts, Feathered Coats"). According to the fabulous account (preserved in Taiping Guangji ), the Emperor was conveyed to the immortal realm (Lunar Palace) by a xian named Luo Gongyuan [ zh ] . The "rainbow skirts" and "feathered coats" in
1995-611: The Tang Dynasty. It was standard uniform for courtly guards during Tang and Song, but both men and women civilians wore them also. A Taoist priest ( daoshi ) or adept ( fangshi ) wore these as well. It is also mentioned in the famous novel Dream of the Red Chamber that the ladies Lin Daiyu ] and Xue Baochai wore such "crane cloak". In Japan, there are also swan maiden type legends about tennyo ( 天女 "heavenly woman") coming to
2052-691: The Yokai Clan Hagoromo, a small space orbiter released by the Japanese spacecraft Hiten Hagoromo (play) , a Japanese Noh play Hagoromo Club , a former football club based in Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka Hagoromo International University , a private university in Osaka Hagoromo Gakuen Junior College , a former junior college Hagoromo Station , a railway station in Osaka Prefecture Hagoromo Ōtsutsuki ,
2109-535: The account of the eight valkyrjur with hamir in Helreið Brynhildar . The master smith Wayland ( Old Norse : Völundr ) uses some sort of device to fly away and escape from King Niðhad after he is hamstrung, as described in the Eddic lay Völundarkviða . The lay has Völundr saying he has regained his "webbed feet" which soldiers had taken away from him, and with it he is able to soar into air. This
2166-557: The assemblies" with no mention of the bird cloak. The tuigen is also described in the Immacallam in dá Thuarad ("The Colloquy of the two Sages"). According to the narrative, in Ulster, Néde son of Adna gains the ollam ’s position ("ollaveship") of his father, supplanting the newly appointed Ferchertne, then goes on to sit on the ollam ’s chair and wears the ollam ’s robe ( Old Irish : tuignech ), which were of three colors, i.e.,
2223-490: The early Tang (or rather Wu Zhou ) dynasty, the Empress Wu Zetian commanded her favorite paramour Daoist Zhang Changzong to be dressed up in a mock-up of famed Dao master Wang Ziqiao [ ja ] . Part of the costume set he wore included a "bird-feathered coat". The coat was referred to as a ji cui ( 集翠 ), that is to say, made from the gathered feathers of the kingfisher ( feizui , 翡翠 ). Regarding
2280-446: The earthly world and having her garment, or hagoromo ( 羽衣 ) stolen, translated as "feather cloak", or "feather robe", etc. The oldest attestation is set at Lake Yogo [ ja ] in Ōmi Province (now Shiga Prefecture ) and was recorded in a fragment of the lost Fudoki of that province ( Ōmi no kuni fudoki [ ja ] ). Hawai%CA%BBi %CA%BB%C5%8D%CA%BB%C5%8D The Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō ( Moho nobilis )
2337-501: The end of their tail feathers was not as twisted as that of males. The colour of its plumage was glossy black with a brown shading at the belly. It also had yellowish tufts at the axillaries, which juveniles lacked. It had some yellowish plumes on its rump, but lacked yellow thigh feathers like the Bishop's ʻōʻō , and also lacked the whitish edgings on its tail feathers like the Oʻahu ʻōʻō . It had
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2394-605: The feather garment of Nāhiʻenaʻena was regarded as imbued with the apotropaic "powers of a woman's genitals", reminiscent of the mythic pāʻū which Hiʻiaka was given by Pele. It has been noted there is a pan-Polynesian culture of valuing the use of feathers in garments, especially of red colour, and there had even existed ancient trade in feathers. While various featherwork apparel were widespread across Polynesia, feather capes were limited to Hawaiʻi and New Zealand. The Māori feather cloak or kahu huruhuru are known for their rectangular-shaped examples. The most prized were
2451-494: The largest yellow plumes on its wings out of all the species of ʻōʻō . The name of the cinder cone Puʻu ʻŌʻō is often translated as "Hill of the ʻŌʻō-Bird", referring to this species. The Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō had a dipping flight which was compared to that of the Eurasian magpie . George C. Munro noted that its wings could produce a buzzing sound while flapping quickly, which was not recorded in other birds present in its habitat. Its call
2508-455: The need of such skin, in contrast to the jötunn Suttung, who must put on his "eagle skin" ( arnarhamr )) in order to pursue him. In the Völsunga saga , the wife of King Rerir is unable to conceive a child and so the couple prays to Oðinn and Frigg for help. Hearing this, Frigg then sends one of her maids ( Hljóð , possibly a valkyrja ) wearing a krákuhamr (crow-cloak) to the king with
2565-402: The plumage material (as aforementioned) but also asks Egill to wear the wings first to perform a test flight. Afterwards Velent himself escapes with the wings, and instructs Egil to shoot him, but aiming for his blood sack prop to fake his death. As already noted, hamr could mean either a physical "skin" or the abstract "shape", and though on first blush, Freyja seems to have a (literally)
2622-594: The red feathers which in Māori culture signified chiefly rank, and were taken from the kaka parrot to make the kahu kura which literally means 'red cape'. The feather garment continues to be utilized as symbolic of rank or respect. The feather cloak or cape was traditional to the coastal Tupi people , notably the Tupinambá . The cape was called guará-abucu (var. gûaráabuku ) in Tupi–Guarani , so called from
2679-435: The red plumage of guará ( Eudocimus ruber , scarlet ibis) and not only did it have a hood at the top, but it was meant to cover the body to simulate becoming a bird, and even included a buttocks piece called enduaps . These feather capes were worn by Tupian shamans or pajé (var. paîé ) during rituals, and clearly held religious or sacred meaning. The cape was also worn in battle, but it has been clarified that
2736-463: The so-called "feather robe" of the Chinese and Japanese celestial woman came to be regarded as silk clothing or scarves around the shoulder in subsequent literature and iconography. Elaborate feather cloaks called ʻahu ʻula were created by early Hawaiians , and usually reserved for the use of high chiefs and aliʻi ( royalty ). The scarlet honeycreeper ʻiʻiwi ( Vestiaria coccinea )
2793-406: The story given in Þiðreks saga , where Völundr's brother Egill shot birds and collected plumage for him, providing him with the raw material for crafting a set of wings, and this latter story is also corroborated on depictions on the panels of the 8th-century whale-bone Franks Casket . In the Þiðreks saga Wayland (here Old Norse : Velent )'s device is referred to as "wings" or rather
2850-664: The swan-maiden type, which are renditions of the Weaver Maiden and the Cowherd legend. These consequently may not strictly have a "feather garment" as the implement in the flying motif. In the tale type, the Weaver Maiden is usually forcibly taken back to her celestial home, and the earthly Cowherd follows after, using various items, including heavenly costumes and girdles, but also oxen or oxhide in many cases. Although flight using oxhide seems counterintuitive, Wu Xiadon ( 呉暁東 ) has devised
2907-461: The term may merely refer to a "precious" sort of toga , as Cormac glosses in Latin, it can also signify tuige 'covering ' tuige 'of birds', and goes on to describe the composition of this garment in minute detail. Cormac's glossary goes on to describe the tuigen thus: "for it is of skins ( croiccenn , dat. chroicnib ) of birds white and many-coloured that the poets' toga
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#17328525015992964-512: The theory that the Weaver Girl's primordial form was the silkworm ( silkworm-woman [ zh ] ), and the ancient silk-woman or silk-horse myth, a girl after being wrapped in the skin of her favorite horse, metamorphoses into a silkworm. But even disregarding this theory, the Weaver Girl in China is considered (less a divinity of plant fiber weaving) and more a divinity of silk and sericulture,
3021-462: The tune's title have been surmised by commentators to refer to the clothing described as worn by the dancing immortal women in this account, namely the "white loose-fitting silk dress". Hence it is supposed that in the popular image of those times, the celestial "feather coats" were being regarded as silken, more specifically "white glossed silk" garments. In modern times, a number of folktales have been collected from all over China that are classed as
3078-492: The warrior as well as his victim were deliberately dressed as birds as executioners and the offering in ritual sacrifices. A bird- hamr (pl. hamir ) or feather cloak that enable the wearers to take the form of, or become, birds are widespread in Germanic mythology and legend . The goddess Freyja was known for her "feathered or falcon cloak" ( fjaðrhamr , valshamr ), which could be borrowed by others to use, and
3135-460: Was harsh and disyllabic, and this led to the belief that the name ʻōʻō was derived from this species. It was typically shy and timid, but it was highly aggressive towards other birds when they approached its territory, even interrupting its own acts to drive them away. This usually involved the bird engaging in a display, in which it would raise its wings, erect its tail feathers and display its yellowish plumes while attacking them. Nests and eggs of
3192-406: Was the main source of red feathers. Yellow feathers were collected in small amounts each time from the mostly black ʻōʻō ( Moho spp.) or the mamo ( Drepanis pacifica ). Another strictly regal item was the kāhili , a symbolic "staff of state" or standard , consisting of pole with plumage attached to the top of it. The Princess Nāhiʻenaʻena in her portrait (cf. fig. right)
3249-699: Was translated in the Old Norse Strengleikar , the notion of "shape of animal" was rendered as hamr . Another instance of such figure of speech usage occurs in the Old Norse telling of the British king's flying contraption, cf. below: The legendary king Bladud of the Celtic Britons fashioned himself a pair of wings ( Latin : alia ) to fly with, according to the original account in Geoffrey of Monmouth 's Historia Regum Britanniae . This winged contraption
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