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33-524: HDR10+ is an alternative to Dolby Vision , which also uses dynamic metadata. HDR10+ is the default variant of dynamic metadata as part of the HDMI 2.1 standard. HDR10+ Adaptive is an update designed to optimize HDR10+ content according to the ambient light . HDR10+, also known as HDR10 Plus, was announced on 20 April 2017, by Samsung and Amazon Video. HDR10+ updates HDR10 by adding dynamic metadata that can be used to more accurately adjust brightness levels up to

66-407: A compander -based noise reduction system. These units were intended for use in professional recording studios. Dolby was persuaded by Henry Kloss of KLH to manufacture a consumer version of his noise reduction. Dolby worked more on companding systems and introduced Type B in 1968. Dolby also sought to improve film sound. As the corporation's history explains: The first film with Dolby sound

99-606: A license. Dolby SVP of Business Giles Baker has stated that the royalty cost for Dolby Vision is less than $ 3 per TV. Despite the proprietary nature, several free software implementations of Dolby Vision exist (see § Software ). Dolby Laboratories Dolby Laboratories, Inc. (often shortened to Dolby Labs and known simply as Dolby ) is a British-American technology corporation specializing in audio noise reduction , audio encoding/compression , spatial audio, and HDR imaging. Dolby licenses its technologies to consumer electronics manufacturers. Dolby Labs

132-505: A low complexity JSON -structured text file, which is then parsed and injected into video files. Live use cases are possible by delivering HDR10+ metadata in every frame. HEVC encoders generate and inject metadata on live content and mobile phones record video and create HDR10+ metadata in real-time during recording. Live encoding is detailed in the Live Encoder Workflow diagram and real time broadcast operations are supported at

165-407: A noise reduction system in addition to more audio channels (Dolby Stereo could actually contain additional center and surround channels matrixed from the left and right). The first film with a Dolby-encoded stereo optical soundtrack was Lisztomania (1975), although this only used an LCR (Left-Center-Right) encoding technique. The first true LCRS (Left-Center-Right-Surround) soundtrack was encoded on

198-401: A peak brightness up to 10,000 cd/m and a color gamut up to Rec. 2020 . Current displays cannot reproduce the full Dolby Vision brightness and gamut capability. There are no brightness and color gamut capability requirements for consumer displays. When the consumer display has lower color volume than the mastering display, the content is adjusted to the consumer display capability based on

231-424: A scene-by-scene or even frame-by-frame basis. The display device then uses the dynamic metadata to apply an appropriate tone map through the process of dynamic tone mapping. Dynamic tone mapping differs from static tone mapping by applying a different tone curve from scene-to-scene rather than use a single tone curve for an entire video. HDR10+ and Dolby Vision do not use the same dynamic metadata. HDR10+ supports

264-407: Is a proprietary solution by Dolby . In 2021, compatible color grading systems can create Dolby Vision automatic metadata with no additional cost for content creators. A $ 2,500 annual license is required to activate the trims allowing content creators to manually adjust the video. OEM and manufacturer of a grading, mastering, editorial, or other professional application or device need to apply for

297-559: Is available with an annual administration fee for certain adopter categories and no per-unit royalty. Authorized test centers conduct certification testing for HDR10+ devices. On 28 August 2017, Samsung, Panasonic, and 20th Century Fox created the HDR10+ Technologies LLC to promote the HDR10+ standard. HDR10+ video started being offered by Amazon Video on 13 December 2017. On 5 January 2018, Warner Bros. announced their support for

330-517: Is used as the audio codec for the ATSC standards , though it was standardized as A/52 by the ATSC. It allows the transport of up to five channels of sound with a sixth channel for low-frequency effects (the so-called "5.1" configuration). In contrast, Japanese ISDB HDTV broadcasts use MPEG's Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) as the audio codec, which also allows 5.1 audio output. DVB allows both. MPEG-2 audio

363-419: Is used within current systems by, For offline and video-on-demand ( VOD ) (e.g. ultra-high-definition Blu-ray , over-the-top ( OTT ), multi-channel video programming distributor ( MVPD )), HDR10+ metadata may be created during the post-production mastering process or during transcoding /encoding for distribution back-ends by HDR10+ content generation tools in two steps: HDR10+ metadata is interchanged through

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396-713: The DVD specification. Dolby Digital is now found in the HDTV (ATSC) standard of the United States , DVD players , and many satellite-TV and cable-TV receivers. Dolby developed a digital surround sound compression scheme for the TV series The Simpsons . On February 17, 2005, the company became public , offering its shares on the New York Stock Exchange , under the symbol DLB. On March 15, 2005, Dolby celebrated its 40th anniversary at

429-491: The PQ transfer function, a wide-gamut color space ( ITU-R Rec. BT.2020 in YC B C R or IPTPQc2 ), up to 8K resolution, and for some profiles (FEL) up to 12-bit. It can encode mastering display colorimetry information using static metadata (SMPTE ST 2086) and also provide dynamic metadata (SMPTE ST 2094-10, Dolby format) for each scene or frame. This dynamic metadata allows adjusting of

462-600: The ShoWest 2005 Festival in San Francisco . On January 8, 2007, Dolby announced the arrival of Dolby Volume at the International Consumer Electronics Show . On June 18, 2010, Dolby introduced Dolby Surround 7.1 , and set up theaters worldwide with 7.1 surround speaker setups to deliver theatrical 7.1 surround sound . The first film to be released with this format was Pixar 's Toy Story 3 which

495-443: The HDR10+ standard. On 6 January 2018, Panasonic announced Ultra HD Blu-ray players with support for HDR10+. On 4 April 2019, Universal Pictures Home Entertainment announced a technology collaboration with Samsung Electronics to release new titles mastered with HDR10+. It is considered to have most of the advantages of Dolby Vision over HDR10, as well as being royalty free. HDR10+ signals the dynamic range and scene characteristics on

528-511: The aspect ratio and adjust the picture based on a display's capabilities on a per-shot or even per-frame basis, optimizing the presentation. Dolby Vision was introduced in 2014, making it the first available HDR format . HDR10+ is a competitor HDR format that also uses dynamic metadata. Dolby Vision IQ is an update designed to optimize Dolby Vision content according to the ambient light . Dolby Cinema also uses Dolby Vision in conjunction with Dolby Atmos sound systems, though because of

561-409: The cinema. Dolby Stereo Digital (now simply called Dolby Digital ) was first featured on the 1992 film Batman Returns . Introduced to the home theater market as Dolby AC-3 with the 1995 laserdisc release of Clear and Present Danger , the format did not become widespread in the consumer market, partly because of extra hardware that was necessary to make use of it, until it was adopted as part of

594-517: The dynamic metadata. Dolby Vision mastering displays require: Dolby Vision metadata include: Dolby Vision 4.0 introduces new secondary trims for hue and saturation adjustment. 1:1 for FHD Some Dolby Vision profiles are dual layer (for example: the profile 7 used for Ultra HD Blu-ray ). The base layer (BL) and the enhancement layer (EL) are combined to produce a 12-bit video stream. The enhancement layer can be full enhancement layer (FEL) or minimum enhancement layer (MEL). Dolby Vision

627-505: The full range PQ up to 10,000 cd/m. Being resolution agnostic, metadata needs to be created only once and can be applied to any target resolution. HDR10+ content can be encoded using video encoding technologies including HEVC (implemented with VSEI ) and AV1 , VP9 compatibility is achieved via the WebM container. HDR10+ utilizes an HDR10 master file within existing HDR post-production and distribution workflows. The HDR10+ ecosystem

660-465: The full range of PQ code values (10,000 nits maximum brightness) on a scene-by-scene or frame-by-frame basis. The technology is standardized and defined in SMPTE ST 2094 -40. HDR10+ is an open standard and is royalty-free ; it is supported by a growing list of post-production software and tools. HDR10+ specifications are not publicly available. A certification and logo program for HDR10+ device manufacturers

693-479: The image on a scene-by-scene or even frame-by-frame basis. These adjustments, called "trims" in Dolby's support documents, include parameters such as Lift, Gamma, Gain, Saturation, Chroma Weight, and so on. Each set of trims is specific to its respective target displays defined by nits and colorspace. Image aspect ratios can also be defined on a per-shot basis. The Dolby Vision format is capable of representing videos with

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726-428: The movie A Star Is Born in 1976. In less than ten years, 6,000 cinemas worldwide were equipped to use Dolby Stereo sound. Dolby reworked the system slightly for home use and introduced Dolby Surround , which only extracted a surround channel, and the more impressive Dolby Pro Logic , which was the domestic equivalent of the theatrical Dolby Stereo. Dolby developed a digital surround sound compression scheme for

759-414: The music industry. In May 2020, Dolby launched a developer platform, Dolby.io , aimed at providing developers self-service access to Dolby technologies through public APIs. It allows any person, organization, small and big, to integrate in their websites, apps, games, etc. features such as media enhancements and transcoding, spatial audio, high-quality video communication and low-latency streaming. Over

792-499: The point of transmission enabling a metadata-less broadcast operation. HDR10+ metadata can co-exist with HDR10 static metadata that makes HDR10+ content backward compatible with non-HDR10+ TVs. HDR10+ metadata is ignored by devices that do not support the format and video is played back in HDR10. HDR10+ Technologies, LLC administers the license and certification program for products that want to adopt HDR10+. HDR10+ Technologies, LLC provides

825-505: The technical specifications, test specifications, and certified logo. Source: Certification of products is done through authorized test centers. The following are a list of HDR10+ authorized test centers: Source: Certified product categories include: Dolby Vision Dolby Vision is a set of technologies developed by Dolby Laboratories for high dynamic range (HDR) video. It covers content creation, distribution, and playback. It includes dynamic metadata that define

858-440: The technology on disc was Game of Thrones . On February 24, 2014, Dolby acquired Doremi Labs for $ 92.5 million in cash plus an additional $ 20 million in contingent consideration that may be earned over a four-year period. In May 2015, Dolby reopened Vine Theatre as a 70-seat showcase theater, known as Dolby @ Vine or Dolby Screening Room Hollywood Vine. In May 2019, Dolby added Dolby Atmos to hundreds of newer songs in

891-671: The use of 2.6 gamma and thus 48 nits in SDR cinemas, the 108 nits used in Dolby Cinema is already HDR. Dolby Vision allows for a maximum resolution of 8K, up to 12-bit color depth, and maximum peak brightness of 10,000 nits. However, according to the Dolby Vision white paper, as of 2018 professional reference monitors, such as the Dolby Vision HDR reference monitor, are currently limited to 4,000 nits of peak brightness. Dolby Vision includes

924-491: The years Dolby has introduced several surround sound systems. Their differences are explained below. Matrix decoding can derive Cs (mono surround) or Lrs, Rrs (stereo surrounds) from the Ls and Rs signals L, R, C, LFE, Lss, Rss (side surrounds), Lrs, Rrs (rear surrounds), Lts, Rts (top surrounds). Note: the number and intended location of _output_ channels is defined at playback based on the available loudspeakers. Dolby Digital AC-3

957-441: Was A Clockwork Orange (1971). The company was approached by Stanley Kubrick, who wanted to use Dolby’s noise reduction system to facilitate the film’s extensive mixing. The film went on to use Dolby noise reduction on all pre-mixes and masters, but a conventional optical soundtrack on release prints. Callan (1974) was the first film with a Dolby-encoded optical soundtrack. In 1975, Dolby released Dolby Stereo , which included

990-450: Was a contender for the ATSC standard during the " Grand Alliance " shootout, but lost out to Dolby AC-3 . The Grand Alliance issued a statement finding the MPEG-2 system to be "essentially equivalent" to Dolby, but only after the Dolby selection had been made. Later, a story emerged that MIT had entered into an agreement with Dolby whereupon the university would be awarded a large sum of money if

1023-612: Was founded by Ray Dolby (1933–2013) in London , England, in 1965. In the same year, he invented the Dolby Noise Reduction system , a form of audio signal processing for reducing the background hissing sound on cassette tape recordings. His first U.S. patent on the technology was filed in 1969, four years later. The method was first used by Decca Records in the UK. After this, other companies began purchasing Dolby’s A301 technology, which

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1056-504: Was later followed by fifty releases using the format. About 80% of films released are now mixed in Dolby Surround 7.1 by default. In April 2012, Dolby introduced its Dolby Atmos , a new cinematic technology adding overhead sound, first applied in Pixar's motion picture Brave . In July 2014, Dolby Laboratories announced plans to bring Atmos to home theater. The first television show to use

1089-412: Was the professional noise reduction system used in recording, motion picture, broadcasting stations and communications networks. These companies include BBC , Pye , IBC, CBS Studios, RCA, and Granada. He moved the company headquarters to the United States ( San Francisco , California) in 1976. The first product Dolby Labs produced was the Dolby 301 unit which incorporated Type A Dolby Noise Reduction,

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