52-485: The Gyeongwon Line is a railway line serving northeastern Gyeonggi Province in South Korea . The line is operated by Korail . The name of the line came from Gyeong seong ( Seoul ) and Won san , the original terminus of the line, in what is now North Korea . For the original line's history and other information prior to 1945, see Gyeongwon Line (1911–1945) One of the first construction projects undertaken by
104-425: A combined population of over 26 million - amounting to over half (50.25%) of the entire population of South Korea at the 2020 census. Its name, Gyeonggi , means "京 (the capital) and 畿 (the surrounding area)". Thus, Gyeonggi Province can be translated as "Seoul and the surrounding areas of Seoul". Gyeonggi Province has been a politically important area since 18 BCE, when Korea was divided into three nations during
156-632: A construction program to complete the railway network, to foster economic growth. As part of the program, in the outskirts of Seoul, a 4.9 km (3.0 mi) long avoiding line was built from Kwangwoon University to Mangu on the Jungang Line , called the Mangu Line, which opened on December 30, 1963. The section of the Gyeongwon Line in the Seoul metropolitan area was among the first to be electrified with
208-717: A developed granite area which, due to the granite's exfoliation effect, makes it full of strangely shaped cliffs and deep valleys. The Charyeong Mountain Range forms the boundary between Gyeonggi Province and North Chungcheong Province , but is a relatively low-altitude hilly area. In Gyeonggi Province, there is Bukhansan National Park in Uijeongbu. For provincial parks, there are the Chukryeongsan Natural Recreation Area, Namhan-sanseong Provincial Park, Gapyeong Yeoninsan Provincial Park, and Mulhyanggi Arboretum. Besides
260-594: A fertile field area around the rivers. The Gwangju Mountain Range and the Charyeong Mountain Range stretch toward China in Gyeonggi Province. Most of the mountains that rise above 1,000 metres (3,300 ft), such as Myeongjisan (1,267 metres (4,157 ft)), Gukmangbong (1,168 metres (3,832 ft)) and Yongmunsan (1,157 metres (3,796 ft)) in the Gwangju Mountain Range. It iriidc Ktihas
312-730: A high-class cultural life. There are performances at Gyeonggi Arts Center in Suwon as well as at Gyeonggi Korean Traditional Music Center in Yongin . Gyeonggi Provincial Museum in Yongin , Nam June Paik Art Center in Yongin , Gyeonggi Museum of Art in Ansan , and the Ceramics Museum in Gwangju are some of the facilities that are currently run by the province. There are also sightseeing opportunities at Jangheung Art Park, Publication Art Complex at Heyri, Paju , and
364-585: A plan made jointly with the South Manchuria Railway for an electrified railway all the way from Busan to Xinjing , capital of Manchukuo . After the partition of Korea following the end of the Pacific War in 1945, the Gyeongwon Line was split along the 38th parallel between the stations of Hantangang and Choseongni . The railways in both South and North were nationalised, and the newly-established Korean National Railroad took over operation of
416-422: A severe differentiation of temperature between summer and winter, and has distinctions of four seasons. Spring is warm, summer is hot and humid, autumn is cool, and winter is cold and snowy. The annual average temperature is between 11–13 °C (52–55 °F), where the temperature in the mountainous areas to the northeast is lower and the coastal areas to the southwest is higher. For January's average temperature,
468-534: A strategic plan to reduce travel times from Seoul to 95% of the country to under 2 hours by 2020. As part of the plan, the Gyeongwon Line is to be further upgraded until Uijeongbu for 230 km/h and may see KTX service. In 2012 restoration of the line was completed between Sintan-ri and Baengmagoji . On December 16, 2023, a single-line railway between Soyosan and Yeoncheon opened on the Seoul Metropolitan Subway Line 1. A yellow background in
520-487: Is Seoul Subway Line 4 although it runs on the right-hand side until Namtaeryeong station , and operates on the left-hand side for the parts afterwards) since railways in Korea generally run on the left side. Korail operates a variety of express "rapid" ( Korean : 급행 geup-haeng , Hanja : 急行) trains for long distance commuter services on Line 1. These services include: Former express services include: Seoul Subway Line 1
572-506: Is because many counties were elevated to city status owing to the influence of Seoul's new town development plan. Special cities are especially concentrated in the southern area of Gyeonggi Province. Listed below is each entity's name in English, Hangul and Hanja . Gyeonggi Province's proximity to Seoul, South Korea's capital, and Incheon, its second-busiest port, has contributed to its extremely well-developed transportation infrastructure. It
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#1732855673671624-410: Is close to both Incheon International Airport , South Korea's main international gateway and busiest airport, and Gimpo International Airport , its second-busiest airport. Use of water transportation from the harbor at Pyeongtaek is also high. The road pavement rate throughout the province averages 86.5 percent. The area has access to many of South Korea's expressways , including Gyeonggi Province
676-520: Is in the western central region of the Korean Peninsula, which is vertically situated in Northeast Asia and is between east longitude of 126 and 127, and north latitude of 36 and 38. Its dimension is 10% of Korea's territory, 10,171 square kilometres (3,927 sq mi). It is in contact with 86 kilometres (53 mi) of cease-fire line to the north, 413 kilometres (257 mi) of coastline to
728-512: Is meant to be the replacement for the Gyeongwon line commuter trains, which began at Dongducheon station prior to its closure. Trains travel along Gyeongbu (Seoul-Cheonan), Gyeongin (Guro-Incheon), Janghang (Cheonan-Sinchang), and Gyeongwon (Hoegi-Yeoncheon) railway lines. The line runs on the left-hand side of the track, as opposed to the right-hand side of the track like all other Seoul Metropolitan Subway lines (another exception to this
780-532: Is powered by 1500 V direct current on the underground tunnel segment between Cheongnyangni station and Seoul Station , and by 25000 V alternating current (60 Hertz frequency) on the rest of the line. Because of this different manner of offering electric current, there are neutral sections between Cheongnyangni station and Hoegi station , as well as between Seoul Station and Namyeong station . All Line 1 rolling stock are similarly required to be multi-system compatible with both electrification systems. Until 2000,
832-554: Is referred to as Seoul Metro Line 1 (7.8 km [4.8 mi]) after its operator, is currently operated by Seoul Metro , and is electrified at the subway standard of 1.5 kV DC. The line first opened in 1974 as the Korean National Railroad of Seoul with through services to newly-electrified (at the mainline KNR standard of 25 kV AC 60 Hz) national mainline railways from Seongbuk station (now: Kwangwoon University station ) to Incheon and Suwon Stations . This
884-734: Is relatively uniform, there are some differences across the country. Animals living in Gyeonggi Province include the following. The raccoon dog is widespread in the province, as are the Japanese mole , Siberian weasel , water deer , Korean hare , red squirrel , house mouse , striped field mouse , and the Eurasian harvest mouse . The common merganser , common pochard , green-winged teal , Eastern spot-billed duck , mallard , mandarin , Taiga bean goose , tundra bean goose , whooper swan , great crested grebe , little grebe common moorhen , Eurasian coot , and white-breasted waterhen all inhabit
936-631: Is served by Korail commuter, standard and high-speed ( KTX ) services. It is home to Korea's first railroad, the Gyeongin Line , and includes portions of the Gyeongbu Line , Gyeongui Line , Jungang Line , and Honam Line . Gyeonggi has stations on the Suin , Bundang , Gyeongchun , and Shinbundang commuter rail services and the Gyeongbu and Honam High Speed Railways . The area has numerous connections to
988-508: Is the most populous province in South Korea . Seoul , the nation's largest city and capital, is in the heart of the area but has been separately administered as a provincial-level special city since 1946. Incheon , the nation's third-largest city, is on the coast of the province and has been similarly administered as a provincial-level metropolitan city since 1981. The three jurisdictions are collectively referred to as Sudogwon and cover 11,730 km (4,530 sq mi), with
1040-483: The Seoul Metropolitan Subway system. Line 1 (formerly Korea National Railroad of Seoul) extends to Cheonan past Gyeonggi Province to the southwest, and to Dongducheon to the north. Line 3 connects to Goyang to the north, while Line 4 is connected to Gwacheon and Ansan to the southwest. Line 7 is connected to Uijeongbu to the north and Gwangmyeong to the south, while Line 8 is connected to Seongnam to
1092-832: The Suwon Samsung Bluewings and Seongnam FC . Korea's foremost thoroughbred horse racing track Seoul Race Park is in Gwacheon . Gyeonggi Province has long been famous for its Icheon rice, Yangpyeong Korean beef, Suwon cow ribs and Korean court cuisine, and marine delicacies made of fresh marine products from the west coast. National housewife scenery festival, traditional flag game, culture and art festival, international food festival, drawing of Mars Ansan Kim Hong-do Festival: Danwon PR Hall, antique necessity products exhibition, yard play, art experience, traditional eateries Art Assembly Yeoju Branch Yeoju Agricultural Technology Center Empress Anniversary While Korean fauna
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#17328556736711144-577: The Three Kingdoms period. Ever since King Onjo , the founder of Baekje (one of the three kingdoms), founded the government in Wiryeseong of Hanam, the Han River Valley was absorbed into Goguryeo in the mid-fifth century, and became Silla 's territory in the year 553 (the 14th year of King Jinheung ). Afterward, the current location of Gyeonggi Province, one of the nine states of Later Silla ,
1196-538: The "Distance" box indicates that section of the line is not electrified. Line 1 trains use the Gyeongbu Line to Seoul Station , where it then continues via the Underground Subway Line 1 [ ko ] to Cheongnyangni . [REDACTED] Media related to Gyeongwon Line at Wikimedia Commons Gyeonggi Gyeonggi Province ( Korean : 경기도 ; RR : Gyeonggi-do , Korean pronunciation: [kjʌ̹ŋ.ɡi.do̞] )
1248-541: The 25 kV/60 Hz AC catenary system in South Korea when to allow for through train services with Seoul Subway Line 1 . Further sections were electrified and urban services to Line 1 was extended in the 1980s and then in the 2000s: Altogether 55.6 km (34.5 mi) of the line was electrified, and 53.1 km (33.0 mi) was double-tracked. On September 1, 2010, the South Korean government announced
1300-409: The 7.8 km (4.8 mi) underground city-center portion run by Seoul Metro Corporation —one of Seoul Metro's predecessors—was the only section properly referred to as Line 1 and labeled red on maps. On the other hand, the remaining sections of the rail line run by Korail were referred to as Korean National Railroad of Seoul and the local all-stop services labeled either blue or gray on maps, while
1352-570: The Gyeonggi Bay is −4 °C (25 °F), the Namhangang (River) Basin is −4 to −6 °C (25 to 21 °F), and the Bukhangang (River) and Imjingang Basins are −6 to −8 °C (21 to 18 °F). It becomes colder and higher in temperature differentiation from coastal to inland areas. Summer has a lower local differentiation compared to winter. The inland areas are hotter than the Gyeonggi Bay area,
1404-558: The Icheon Ceramics Exposition. Heyri Art Valley is Korea's largest art town. Various Korean artists constructed the cultural town of Heyri and it features several art galleries and museums; there are about 40 museums, exhibitions, concert halls and bookstores. Religion in Gyeonggi Province (2015) According to the census of 2015, of the people of Gyeonggi Province 32.0% follow Christianity (23.0% Protestantism and 9.0% Catholicism ) and 10.7% follow Buddhism . 57.3% of
1456-551: The Pyeongtaek Harbor. Besides this, it is known for its special local products such as Icheon rice and Gwangju ceramics. Leading companies representing Korea, including Samsung Electronics ' headquarters, SK Hynix 's headquarters, NAVER 's headquarters, Samsung SDI 's headquarters, and Paju LG Corporation's LCD complex , are gathered in southern Gyeonggi Province, including Suwon City. Gyeonggi Province consists of 28 cities (special: 7, normal: 21) and three counties. This
1508-582: The Railway Bureau of the Government General of Korea was for an east−west trunk line to connect Keijō to the important port of Wonsan . The Chosen Government Railway ( Sentetsu ) opened the line in several stages between 1911 and 1914. The first section of mainline to be electrified by Sentetsu was also along the Gyeongwon Line, with the Pokkye − Gosan section being energised on 27 March 1944, as part of
1560-638: The World Cultural Heritage, Namwonsanseong, Haengjusanseong, Ganghwasanseong, and Doksan Fortress . For Buddhist temples, there are many aged temples within Gyeonggi Province where one can experience 'temple stay'. You can view folk culture in the Korean Folk Village in Yongin , and the scene of Korea's division at Panmunjom in Paju . Gyeonggi Province is investing a lot of money at a provincial level so that people do not have to go to Seoul to enjoy
1612-440: The backbone of Seoul in the means of manufacturing complex, Gyeonggi Province is evenly developed in heavy industry (electronics, machine, heavy and chemical industry, steel), light industry (textile), and farm, livestock and fisheries industry. Due to the influence of recent high wages, the weight of manufacturing industries has decreased in Korea's economy. Gyeonggi Province is making efforts in many ways to improve and modernize
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1664-510: The central route between Seoul Station and Cheongnyangni, every 6-9 min between Seoul and Guro, every 8-10 min between Guro and Incheon and between Guro and Byeongjeom, every 10-15 min from Byeongjeom to Cheonan, and every 35 min between Cheonan and Sinchang and service up to the Dongducheon area and Soyosan station. Service to Yeoncheon is approximately once per hour, limited due to the single track section approaching Soyosan station. This service
1716-514: The coastal area has only 900 millimetres (35 in) of precipitation. The topography of Gyeonggi Province is divided into southern and northern areas by the Han River , which flows from east to west. The area north to the Han River is mainly mountainous, while the southern area is mainly plain. The configuration of Gyeonggi Province is represented by Dong-go-seo-jeo (high in the east and low in
1768-400: The conventional industry structure, resulting in quick growth of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises such as U-JIN Tech Corp. Gyeonggi Province is unsparingly investing in the promotion of service industries related to soft competitive power such as state-of-the-art IT industry, designing, conventions and tourism, along with its great leap as a commercial hub in Northeast Asia using
1820-423: The express services were labelled thin red. Since 2000, all adjacent through-running Korail services from the Gyeongbu , Gyeongin and Gyeongwon Lines, as well as later Korail-operated extensions and branches, are officially bundled together with the aforementioned underground portion as part of a greater Line 1, and the labeling on maps was changed and standardized to the current dark blue color (as illustrated in
1872-399: The hottest area is Pyeongtaek , making the average temperature of August 26.5 °C (79.7 °F). The annual average precipitation is around 1,100 millimetres (43 in), with a lot of rainfall. It is rainy in summer and dry during winter. The northeastern inland areas of Bukhangang and the upper stream of Imjingang has a precipitation of 1,300–1,400 millimetres (51–55 in), whereas
1924-509: The largest domestic "English village" for education in the English language , as well as villages in Ansan and Yangpyeong. Gyeonggi Province has long been a capital area, leaving many historic relics and ruins. For royal tombs (called reung), there are Donggureung of Guri , and Gwangreung, Hongreung and Yureung of Namyangju . For castles (called seong), there are Suwon Hwaseong , which is designated as
1976-506: The line changed, with the South gaining control of the line further northwards as far as Woljeongni . However, the line was rebuilt only as far as Sintalli , resulting in an operation line from Yongsan and Sintalli with a length of 88.8 km (55.2 mi). Following the 1961 coup, the Supreme Council for National Reconstruction started South Korea's first five-year plan , which included
2028-731: The listed, the scenery of well-known mountains including Soyosan of Dongducheon City, Yongmunsan of Yangpyeong County , and Gwanaksan of Anyang and Gwacheon , along with Hangang and Imjingang are tourist sites of Gyeonggi Province. Gyeonggi Province has shown a rapid increase in population due to the modernization and urbanization of the Republic of Korea. Its population has increased from 2,748,765 in 1960 to 3,703,761 in 1980; 6,050,943 in 1990; 8,984,134 in 2000; 11,379,459 in 2010; and 13,511,676 in 2020. In 2010 there were 4,527,282 households, with an average of 3 people per family. There were 6,112,339 males and 5,959,545 females. The population density
2080-669: The northeast, Incheon in the southwest, and Sinchang via Suwon and Cheonan in the south. The central underground portion of Line 1, running underneath Sejongno , Jongno , and Wangsan-ro avenues along Seoul's traditional downtown area, is the oldest subway-operated section in the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system. Its branches and services cover a large part of the Seoul Capital Area ; totaling 218.3 km (135.6 mi) in route length. The underground section between Seoul Station and Cheongnyangni station , which
2132-526: The only city to change control after the countries were divided at the 38th parallel , which is now part of North Korea's North Hwanghae Province . In 1967 the seat of the Gyeonggi provincial government was transferred from Seoul to Suwon . After Incheon separated from Gyeonggi Province in 1981, Gyeonggi regions such as Ongjin County and Ganghwa County were incorporated into Incheon in 1995. Gyeonggi Province
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2184-473: The population is mostly not religious or follow indigenous religions . The Province has Ilsan Lake Park , one of the largest lake parks in the country. In addition, there is Gwanggyo Lake Park , which was redeveloped in 2013. The 2002 Korea-Japan World Cup matches were held in Suwon World Cup Stadium . As for the professional soccer teams with Gyeonggi Province as their home ground, there are
2236-471: The province. Herons frequent the provinces waterways. These include the black-crowned night heron , great white egret , grey heron , little egret , medium egret , striated heron , great cormorant , and Japanese cormorant . Seoul Subway Line 1 Seoul Subway Line 1 (dubbed The Dark Blue Line ) of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway is a rapid transit and commuter rail line which links central Seoul , South Korea to Yeoncheon in
2288-601: The south. Uijeongbu has its own light rail system, the U Line , which connects to Line 1. A short section of the AREX line between Gimpo and Incheon airports passes through Gyeonggi, but there are no stops within the province. Gyeonggi Province is actively investing in education to foster a talented population suitable for the globalized economy. It is promoting the opening of local campuses of reputable universities as well as establishing special purpose high schools for high-quality education. It has also founded and operates at Paju
2340-471: The southeast region. Since the period of King Taejong and Sejong the Great , the Gyeonggi region has been very similar to the current administrative area of Gyeonggi Province. In 1895 the 23-Bu system, which reorganized administrative areas, was effected. The Gyeonggi region was divided into Hanseong (modern Seoul ), Incheon , Chungju , Gongju , and Kaesong . During the Japanese colonial period , Hanseong-bu
2392-752: The truncated Gyeongwon Line, from Seoul to Choseongni; in the North, the Korean State Railway merged its section of the Gyeongwon Line, Choseong-ri−Wonsan, with the Wonsan− Gowon section of the former Hamgyeong Line to create the Gangwon Line . The line was severely damaged during the Korean War . After the ceasefire and the subsequent establishment of the Military Demarcation Line , the division of
2444-573: The west), where the Gwangju Mountain Range and the Charyeong Mountain Range spreads from the east and drops in elevation in the west. The fields of Gimpo, Gyeonggi, and Pyeongtaek extend to the west. Gyeonggi Province natural environment includes its rivers, lakes, mountains, and seas. Its representative rivers are the Hangang, Imjingang, and Anseongcheon Fg(Stream), which flow into the Yellow Sea, with Gyeonggi Plain, Yeonbaek Plain and Anseong Plain forming
2496-413: The west, Gangwon Province to the east, North Chungcheong Province and South Chungcheong Province to the south, and has Seoul, the capital of the Republic of Korea, in its center. Its provincial government is in Suwon, but some of its government buildings are in Uijeongbu for the administrative conveniences of the northern region . The climate of Gyeonggi Province is the continental climate, which has
2548-422: Was 1,119 people/km , almost double the national average of 486 people/km . The province's most heavily populated area as of 2024 is Suwon (1,195,000) followed by Yongin (1,085,000), Goyang (1,071,000), Hwasung (962,000), Seongnam (915,000) and Bucheon (772,000). The lowest populated area in 2010 was Yeoncheon County (41,000), followed by Gapyeong County (62,000) and Yangpyeong County (72,595). As
2600-685: Was called Hansanju. The Gyeonggi region started to rise as the central region of Goryeo as King Taejo of Goryeo (the kingdom following Silla) set up the capital in Gaesong. Since 1018 (the 9th year of Goryeo's King Hyeonjong ), this area has been officially called "Gyeonggi". During the Joseon , which was founded after the Goryeo, King Taejo of Joseon set the capital in Hanyang, while restructuring Gyeonggi's area to include Gwangju, Suwon, Yeoju, and Anseong, along with
2652-511: Was incorporated into Gyeonggi Province. On October 1, 1910, it was renamed Keijo and a provincial government was placed in Keijo according to the reorganization of administrative districts. After liberation and the foundation of two separate Korean states, Gyeonggi Province and its capital, Seoul, were separated with partial regions of Gyeonggi Province being incorporated into Seoul thereafter in 1946. Additionally, Kaesong became North Korean territory,
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#17328556736712704-615: Was the first electrified rapid transit line and service in South Korea and the second in the Korean Peninsula after the Pyongyang Metro in North Korea opened the year before. Frequent service is provided between Soyosan, Dongducheon, Uijeongbu, Cheongnyangni, Seoul, Yongsan, and Guro, where trains split between Incheon in the west and Byeongjeom and Cheonan in the south. Express trains operate from Yongsan and Seoul stations to Dongincheon and Sinchang stations. Trains run every 3-6 min in
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