33-467: Medak Gulshanabad Division was administratively part of the Hyderabad State was made up of sixteen districts. Gulshanabad was one of four divisions which included Mahbubnagar district , Medak district , Nalgonda district (Nalgundah), and Nizamabad district. Medak Gulshanabad Division was part of Bidar division, and was formed in 1905. Hyderabad State (1948%E2%80%9356) Hyderabad State
66-597: A corps, with promotion to substantive lieutenant-general on 8 May 1957. He was appointed GOC-in-C Southern Command on 25 May 1959. The debacle of the Sino-Indian War and subsequent government inquiries revealing India's military unpreparedness and mismanagement resulted in the Chief of the Army Staff (COAS) Pran Nath Thapar 's resignation on 19 November 1962. On 20 November, Chaudhuri succeeded Thapar as officiating COAS with
99-532: A major role in the 1948 Hyderabad Operations . He received the surrender of the Hyderabad State Forces from Major General Syed Ahmed El Edroos at Secunderabad. Following Operation Polo in 1948, he was appointed as the Military Governor of Hyderabad State . In the years following, he occupied important military posts and led an Indian Military Delegation to China. In 1949, he was appointed as
132-727: A niece of Nobel laureate poet Rabindranath Tagore , was his uncle. Chaudhuri completed his early education in Pataldanga Academy (Now known as Hare School ) in Calcutta. Later, he studied at St. Xavier's College ( University of Calcutta ). He also studied at Highgate School in London, from May 1923 until July 1926, and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst . At Sandhurst, he got his nickname, "Muchhu" (owing to his moustache ). Ayub Khan , who became President of Pakistan in 1958,
165-762: A temporary Lt. Colonel, he commanded this unit from September 1944 to October 1945 in Burma for which he was twice more Mentioned in Dispatches , (London Gazette 9/5/46) for gallant and distinguished services in Burma (Temporary Lt-Col 16th Light Cavalry) and (London Gazette 17/9/46) for gallant and distinguished services in Burma (Temporary Lt-Col, Indian Armoured Corps). At the end of the Burma campaign, he saw service in French Indochina and in Java , Indonesia with his regiment. In 1946, he
198-722: Is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the Border Security Force . In the aftermath of the 1965 war, he proposed a paramilitary force to patrol the Indo-Pakistani border in peacetime and would be relieved by the army when war was imminent. For his services to the nation, he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan , India's second highest civilian honour by the President of India. He retired on 7 June 1966, after completing 38 years of military service. After his retirement, Chaudhuri
231-539: The Zamindars (landlords) of Haripur and the family was known as the Chaudhuris of Haripur in the province of Bengal, British India. Chaudhuri's paternal grandfather, Durgadas Chaudhuri, was the landlord of Chatmohar Upazila of Pabna district of present-day Bangladesh . His paternal grandmother, Sukumari Devi (wife of Durgadas), was a sister of the nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore . Chaudhuri's mother, Pramila Chaudhuri,
264-675: The Indian Independence Act 1947 , the British abandoned all such alliances, leaving the states with the option of opting for full independence. However, by 1948 almost all had acceded to either India or Pakistan. One major exception was that of the wealthiest and most powerful principality, Hyderabad, where the Nizam, Mir Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII , a Muslim ruler who presided over a largely Hindu population, chose independence and hoped to maintain this with an irregular army . The Nizam
297-507: The Kashmir war effort up to May 1948, when he was succeeded by the then Brig. Sam Manekshaw as DMO and Chand Narayan Das as Director of Military Intelligence. In February 1948, he was promoted to acting Major General and became the officiating Chief of the General Staff. In May that year, he took over command of the 1st Armoured Division . In September, the 1st Armoured Division played
330-580: The Telangana Rebellion and the rise of a radical militia known as the Razakars whom he could not put down. On 7 September, Jawaharlal Nehru gave ultimatum to Nizam, demanding ban on the Razakars and return of Indian troops to Secunderabad . India invaded the state by 13 September 1948, following a crippling economic blockade, and multiple attempts at destabilising the state through railway disruptions,
363-598: The Indian Constitution to be applicable to the State of Hyderabad. The Instrument of Accession was signed by the Nizam on January 25, 1950. Later the next day, as India became a Republic on January 26, Nizam took over as the Raj Pramukh . On September 20, 1948, during the 359th meeting of Security Council a representative from India informed that Nizam had instructed the representative of Hyderabad decided to withdraw
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#1733136501485396-629: The Middle East Feb to July 1941, and again on 30 June 1942 for the same from July to October 1941. He was awarded the OBE on 18 February 1943 for gallant and distinguished services in the Middle East between May and Oct 1942. Recalled to India, he was appointed as a senior Instructor at the Command and Staff College , Quetta as a GSO-1 in 1943. In August 1944 he was transferred to the 16th Light Cavalry . Then
429-663: The acting rank of general. Chaudhuri was officially appointed COAS on 20 February 1963, and was promoted to substantive general on 20 July 1963. In March 1964, he was decorated with the Grand Cordon of the Order of Merit of the United Arab Republic by its president, Gamal Abdel Nasser . Chaudhari was COAS during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 , generally regarded as a defeat for Pakistan and victory for India. Chaudhari
462-467: The bombing of government buildings, and raids on border villages. After the defeat of Razakars, the Nizam signed an instrument of accession, joining India. The operation led to massive violence on communal lines , at times perpetrated by the Indian Army. The Sunderlal Committee, appointed by Indian prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru , concluded that between 30,000 and 40,000 people had died in total in
495-584: The coastal areas. Andhra and the Telugu speaking parts of Hyderabad State were merged to form Andhra Pradesh on 1 November 1956, after providing safeguards to Telangana in the form of Gentlemen's agreement . In June 2014, Andhra Pradesh was split and Telangana was created as a separate state. Hyderabad city remained as the joint capital of both Andhra Pradesh and Telangana for 10 years till 1st June 2024. Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri , OBE (10 June 1908 – 6 April 1983)
528-635: The complaint from Security Council. On 22 September 1948 a cable sent by Nizam to Secretary General confirmed the same. The cable also stated that that Hyderabad delegation at United Nations ceased to have any authority to either represent Hyderabad or the Nizam. The Hyderabad delegation denied this, however on 24 September the delegation of Hyderabad confirmed the same and informed Security Council that Hyderabad State has surrendered and Government India had instructed Agents-General of Hyderabad to suspend all overseas activities. A military government headed by Major General J. N. Chaudhuri who led Operation Polo
561-583: The course at the Equitation School, Saugor. He attended the Staff course at Command and Staff College , Quetta from December 1939 to June 1940. In 1940, as an acting major, he went overseas on the staff of the 5th Infantry Division and saw service in Sudan , Eritrea , Abyssinia and the western deserts of Africa. For his services, he was Mentioned in Dispatches on 30 December 1941, for distinguished services in
594-570: The first Colonel Commandant of the Corps of Electrical & Mechanical Engineers and was promoted to substantive brigadier on 1 January 1950. In January 1952, he was appointed as the Adjutant General at Army HQ, as a substantive major-general, and in January 1953, he again took over as the Chief of the General Staff . He was promoted to local lieutenant-general on 16 December 1955 and given command of
627-636: The head of state as Rajpramukh till 1956 when Hyderabad State was split on linguistic basis and reorganised into three states. The state witnessed Mulkhi agitation in 1952 by the locals after government jobs meant for the locals were given to non-locals. In the first State Assembly election in India, 1952 , Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was elected Chief Minister of Hyderabad State. During this time there were violent agitations by some Telanganites to send back bureaucrats from Madras state, and to strictly implement 'Mulki-rules'(Local jobs for locals only), which
660-481: The nieces of Rabindranath Tagore, and the others were married to women from Bengali families. The Indian actress, Devika Rani , was Chaudhuri's first cousin, being the daughter of his father's brother, Manmathnath Chaudhuri. Among Chaudhuri's other close relatives were Barrister Kumud Nath Chaudhuri and Raisahib Babu Narendra Krishna Talukdar, Zamindar of Maligacha and honorary first class magistrate for Pabna District, Rajshahi. Writer Pramatha Chaudhuri , who married
693-400: The state, in a report which was not released until 2013. Other responsible observers estimated the number of deaths to be 200,000 or higher. Following the Nizam's forces surrender on September 17, 1948, a military government headed by Major General J. N. Chaudhuri who led Operation Polo was established. A firman was issued by the Nizam on November 24, 1949 wherein he accepted henceforth
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#1733136501485726-815: Was a state in Dominion and later Republic of India , formed after the accession of the State of Hyderabad into the Union on 17 September 1948. It existed from 1948 to 1956. Hyderabad State comprised present day Telangana , Marathwada and Hyderabad-Karnataka Following the States Reorganisation Act , which implemented a linguistic reorganisation of states, the Hyderabad state was dissolved. Its different regions were merged with Andhra State , Mysore State and Bombay State respectively. The princely state of Hyderabad
759-455: Was also beset by the Telangana rebellion , which he was unable to crush. In November 1947, Hyderabad signed a standstill agreement with the Dominion of India , continuing all previous arrangements except for the stationing of Indian troops in the state. India felt that the establishment of a Communist state in Hyderabad would be a threat to the country. Nizam's power had weakened because of
792-551: Was an Indian general who served as the 5th Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army from 1962 to 1966 and the Military Governor of Hyderabad State from 1948 to 1949. After his retirement from the Indian Army, he served as the Indian High Commissioner to Canada from 19 July 1966 until August 1969. Chaudhuri was born into an aristocratic Bengali Brahmin family which produced many lawyers and writers. His family were
825-503: Was annexed by India in September 1948 through a military operation code-named Operation Polo , which was dubbed a " police action ". At the time of partition of India in 1947, the princely states of India, who in principle had self-government within their territories, were subject to subsidiary alliances with the British , which gave control of external relations to the British. With
858-540: Was appointed High Commissioner of India to Canada. After a three-year stint at the High Commission of India at Ottawa, he relinquished office, handing over to A. B. Bhadkamkar in August 1969. Chaudhuri wrote two books on military matters and served as a literary reviewer for a leading Indian daily The Statesman . He was the first Indian army chief to write an autobiography in 1979. He loved Western music and founded and
891-401: Was established. He stayed on as Military Governor till December 1949. On 1 December 1949, the military government was dissolved and a civilian government headed by M. K. Vellodi was formed in its place. Later in 1952, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao became the second Chief Minister of Hyderabad State and the first democratically elected Chief Minister. The last Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan continued as
924-699: Was first president of the Delhi Symphony Society, an organisation that promoted Western music. Chaudhuri was married to Karuna Chattopadhyay, with whom he had two sons. Chaudhuri died at his home in Pamposh Enclave , New Delhi of a cardiac arrest on 6 April 1983, and was survived by his wife and two sons. His funeral and cremation the following day, with full military honours, was attended by hundreds of serving and retired officers and soldiers, including his fellow Chiefs of Staff, Admiral A. K. Chatterji and Air Chief Marshal Arjan Singh . In his honour,
957-445: Was not in favour of an immediate merger of Telugu-speaking Telangana region of Hyderabad State with Andhra State , despite their common language. Para 378 of the SRC report said One of the principal causes of opposition of Vishalandhra also seems to be the apprehension felt by the educationally backward people of Telangana that they may be swamped and exploited by the more advanced people of
990-534: Was one of his batchmates in Sandhurst. Both of them had trained in the same platoon. He was commissioned from Sandhurst as a second lieutenant onto the Unattached List, Indian Army on 2 February 1928. Returning to India, he was attached to the 1st battalion North Staffordshire Regiment from 19 March 1928. He was accepted for the Indian Army and joined the 7th Light Cavalry on 19 March 1929. In 1934, he attended
1023-588: Was part of Hyderabad state law since 1919. Administratively, Hyderabad State was made up of sixteen districts, grouped into four divisions: . In 1956 during the reorganisation of the Indian states based along linguistic lines, the Telugu-speaking region of the state of Hyderabad State was merged with Andhra State . The Marathi speaking region was merged with Bombay State and Kannada speaking region with Mysore State . The States Reorganisation Commission (SRC)
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1056-907: Was promoted to the temporary rank of Brigadier with the war-substantive rank of lieutenant-colonel, in Charge of Administration in British Malaya and in the same year was selected to command the Indian Victory Contingent to London. Following a course at the Imperial Defence College in London in 1947, he returned to India and was appointed Director of Military Operations & Intelligence at Army Headquarters in New Delhi in November 1947. Chaudhuri worked with Major General Mohite to complete military evacuation from Pakistan. He had to organise
1089-864: Was the daughter of Womesh Chandra Bannerjee , who was the first president of the Indian National Congress . Other members of Chaudhuri's family were also distinguished in their fields, mainly law, medicine and literature. All six of his father's elder brothers, namely Sir Ashutosh Chaudhuri (judge during the British Raj ), Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri(editor of the Calcutta high court journal and barrister), Kumudnath Chaudhuri (barrister), Pramathanath Chaudhuri (writer), Capt. Manmathanath Chaudhuri (first Indian surgeon-general of Madras Presidency ) and Dr. Suhridnath Chaudhuri, were distinguished on their own right. Two of them (Sir Asutosh and Pramathanath) were married to their first cousins (mother's brother's daughters),
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