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37-838: The Griboyedov Canal starts from the Moyka River near the Field of Mars . It flows into the Fontanka River. Its length is 5 kilometres (3 mi), with a width of 32 metres (105 ft). Before 1923, it was called the Catherine Canal, after the Empress Catherine the Great , during whose rule it was deepened. The Communist authorities renamed it after the Russian playwright and diplomat, Alexandr Griboyedov . The streets or embankments running along

74-580: A kanava , a word which in English is closer to the word "ditch." In a footnote to the Penguin Deluxe Classics edition of the book, translator Oliver Ready describes the canal as a "filthy and polluted place" which is nevertheless "the topographical center of the book." The novel's protagonist, Raskolnikov, repeatedly crosses over the canal, and tentatively plans on disposing of stolen property there. The apartment building where he commits his crimes "faced

111-425: A branch housing some of its exhibitions. The dilapidated building underwent a thorough and painstaking restoration process between 1991 and the present moment. In keeping with Rastrelli's original design, its walls are now painted light pink (rather than dark green, as they were in the mid-20th century). It is one of the few Baroque structures on Nevsky Prospect to preserve its original appearance. The main façade of

148-592: A national museum chronicling the lifestyle of the Russian nobility. In 1929 the museum was shut down, and much of its contents (including some priceless paintings and objets d'art) were taken to the Hermitage Museum . The palace was handed over to a botanical institute. The Ministry of Shipbuilding occupied the premises for half a century, starting in 1939. In 1988 the palace was given to the Russian Museum and became

185-719: Is 5 kilometres (3 mi) long and 40 metres (130 ft) wide. The river flows from the Fontanka river, which is itself a distributary of the Neva, near the Summer Garden past the Field of Mars , crosses Nevsky Prospect and the Kryukov Canal before entering the Neva river. It is also connected with the Neva by the Swan Canal and the Winter Canal . In 1711, Peter the Great ordered

222-555: Is a Late Baroque palace at the intersection of the Moika River and Nevsky Prospect in St. Petersburg , Russia . The palace was built to Bartolomeo Rastrelli 's designs for Baron Sergei Grigoriyevich Stroganov in 1753–1754. The interiors were remodeled by Andrei Voronikhin at the turn of the 19th century. The first house for the Stroganovs was built on the site probably in the 1720s. It

259-519: Is a right-hand distributary of the Fontanka and starts its course immediately to the south of the Summer Garden , making the southern border of the garden Island and separating it from the reddish Saint Michael's Castle . The Summer Garden, which during the Swedish possession of these lands until they were taken by Russia in 1703 in the Great Northern War , was part of a Swedish army major. After

296-671: Is a short river in Saint Petersburg which splits from the Neva River . Along with the Neva, the Fontanka river, and canals including the Griboyedov and Kryukov , the Moyka encircles the central portion of the city, effectively making that area an island or a group of islands. The river derives its name from the Ingrian word Muya for "slush" or "mire", having its original source in former swamp. It

333-468: Is crowned with a pediment bearing the Stroganov coat of arms. The spaces under the windows on the facade feature a man's profile. There are two practically anecdotal versions regarding this man's identity. According to one version, the man is the first owner of the palace, Baron Stroganov, whom Rastrelli wanted to surprise. However, many historians claim that the famous architect in fact left his own profile on

370-623: Is next to the Church of the Saviour on the Spilled Blood and a degree college named Higher School of Folk Arts (crafts), originally founded by Empress Alexandra, the wife of Russia's last Emperor, and facing a waterway that starts here off Moyka - Griboyedov Canal , across which westwards there is a square formed chiefly by two buildings of the former Royal Mews and named after them together with two adjoining streets Konyushennaya. The carriage house faces

407-524: The last accommodation and museum of Alexander Pushkin . As of 2016 15 bridges cross the Moyka. Most of these have historical and artistic interest: Flowing through the 18th- and 19th-century capital of the Russian Empire , the Moyka, similarly to other downtown rivers and streets got its sides decorated with Russian nobles' city palaces, mansions and gardens, historical churches, monuments, apartment buildings and hotels, public squares etc. The Moyka

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444-409: The 19th-century Russian liberal thinker and writer Alexander Herzen . The main campus has about 20 buildings occupying a large city block, while some colleges of the university are scattered around the city. 59°55′36″N 30°16′34″E  /  59.92667°N 30.27611°E  / 59.92667; 30.27611 Stroganov Palace The Stroganov Palace ( Russian : Строгановский дворец)

481-579: The Castle served as a residence connected with this together with his other ones including Gatchina Priory Palace . (See Russian tradition of the Knights Hospitaller ). His arbitrary domestic and international politics caused dissatisfaction among some of his courtiers who plotted against him, and he was assassinated in his Castle bedroom despite all his precautions: the Castle was surrounded by water on all four sides, drawbridges raised every night, yet

518-576: The Castle was symbolic both of the Emperor's romantic chivalrous inclinations and his fear for his life. Interested in the high spirit of European knights, he gave shelter in Russia to the Order of Malta when its members lost their island to the troops of Napoleon . Paul's decision was unusual, given known rivalry between their Roman Catholic and his Russian Orthodox Church. He temporarily served as their Grand Master, and

555-531: The Ditch on one side and [Srednyaya Podyacheskay]a Street on the other." 59°55′58″N 30°19′30″E  /  59.9327°N 30.3251°E  / 59.9327; 30.3251 This Saint Petersburg location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Russian road or road transport-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Moyka River The Moyka ( Russian : Мойка , also latinised as Moika )

592-643: The Empress by marriage, Rastrelli could not turn down the commission and hastily prepared a design for the townhouse . Like the Vorontsov Palace (also designed by Rastrelli for Stroganov's in-law Mikhail Vorontsov ), the Stroganov Palace was not rapidly built. In the 1790s and 1800s decades, architect Andrei Voronikhin was charged with refurbishing the interiors in Neoclassical style . Voronikhin's mother

629-473: The Stroganov palace faces Nevsky Prospect . Here, Rastrelli rejects the cour d'honneur in the French manner, like the one in the design of the Vorontsov Palace , built by Rastrelli in 1744–1750. Increasing plastic expression toward the center is a favorite method of the architect's for producing strong concentration in a building. The facade carries an entrance arch supported by two Corinthian columns. The arch

666-518: The building under Paul's third son, Alexander's successor Emperor Nicholas I of Russia , and the edifice became also known as Engineers' Castle. Occupied then by various Soviet institutions like the Central Naval Library, now the Castle is part of Russian Museum , has been repaired and holds national exhibitions of art connected with history of Russia. Next to the Castle, on the Fontanka over

703-484: The canal are known as Naberezhnaya Kanala Griboyedova . There are 21 bridges across the canal: Griboedov Canal appears on the cover of the 2011 contemporary classical album, Troika . The canal is a key location in Fyodor Dostoyevsky 's novel, Crime and Punishment . Like most locations in the novel, the canal is rarely identified by its proper name; in fact, on most occasions Dostoyevsky refers to it as

740-582: The consolidation of the banks of the river. After the Kryukov Canal linked it with the Fontanka River four years later, the river became so much cleaner that its name was changed from Muya to "Moyka", the latter from the Russian verb "to wash". With the spread of cars and services for them in post-Soviet Russia, the Russian word Мойка has become a common sight unconnected to the river as it very often means (car)wash, which may confuse foreign tourists. In 1736,

777-690: The field was used to bury the casualties of the revolutionary events, and in the Soviet times this part was made into the Monument to the Fighters of the Revolution , a memorial of granite slabs inscribed with dedications to the heroes by the Bolshevik Government Secretary for Education Anatoly Lunacharskiy , and a gas burner eternal flame was placed in the middle. Many cultivars of lilac were planted in

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814-706: The first Moyka quay was constructed in wood. Four bridges originally spanned the river: the Blue, the Green, the Yellow, and the Red. The 99-metre (325 ft)-wide Blue Bridge, now hardly visible underneath Saint Isaac's Square , remains the widest bridge in the whole city. Magnificent 18th-century edifices lining the Moyka quay include the Stroganov Palace , Razumovsky Palace, Yusupov Palace , New Holland Arch , Saint Michael's Castle , and

851-451: The foundation and planning of the new Russian capital in the lands of Saint Petersburg, the victorious Peter I of Russia made this land plot into a gridlined garden where he placed for the first time in Russian history multiple imported statues of Greek and Roman mythology characters and had his Summer Palace built here following Dutch examples he had seen and liked on his grand tour of Europe . The Summer Garden and Palace, as well as

888-475: The guard let conspirators pass as the latter included senior supervising officers. After him the Castle was virtually neglected by the royal family of his eldest son and heir Alexander I of Russia and was used as a shared living space by some of the Imperial household until it was converted into a Military Engineering School whose cadets included the future writer Fyodor Dostoevsky . The cadets studied and lived in

925-417: The late 18th and in 19th centuries it was used for Emperors' military parades of the regiments quartered in the city as the capital of the country. Before that, the once marshy ground had been drained with canals and turned into a public meadow with amusements. When turned to military use, the ground was decorated with two monuments to victorious Russian Field Marshals of the second half of 18th century. One of

962-579: The memorials - an obelisk to Count Pyotr Rumyantsev - was later moved to a dedicated smaller Rumyantsev Garden in Vassiliyevskiy Island , while the other, the Suvorov Monument depicting Count Alexander Suvorov as Mars , now on Suvorov Square at the other end of the field, facing Trinity Bridge . After the February 1917 democratic revolution that destroyed the Russian autocracy , part of

999-443: The nearby Saint Michael's Castle and Garden, in post-Soviet Russia became branches of the national treasury of domestic art the Russian Museum and can be visited. The Summer Garden was mentioned by Alexander Pushkin both as his frequent place for pleasant walks, and as destination for childhood walks with a French governor of his classical for Russian literature novel in verse protagonist Eugene Onegin . The garden's Moyka fence

1036-499: The playwright Alexander Griboyedov. Next to the garden there stands a brightly coloured tall church of the Saviour on the Spilled Blood . This place of worship and now a museum was built in a traditional Russian style to mark the canalside spot on which Emperor Alexander II who had in 1861 abolished serfdom was on 1 March 1881, assassinated by terrorists from the Narodnaya Volya movement. The Mikhailovsky Garden's western side

1073-560: The square while the neoclassical stable also runs along the Moyka. The 18th-century estate of Count Razumovsky with its palace and outbuildings was converted towards the end of the century into a royal charity - an orphanage that for the first time in national history gave shelter to children born out of wedlock, whose mothers could anonymously leave them in a basket supervised by the gatekeeper. They were nurtured and given general and vocational training and, if born to serfs, were set free from submission to landlords of their parents. Its mascot

1110-510: The square. In post-Soviet Russia the rest of the field has seen a number of public political rallies . Mikhailovsky Garden is across the Moyka from the Field of Mars and across Sadovaya ("Garden") Street. It is a 19th-century landscape garden , whose southern part meets the garden façade of Mikhailovsky Palace facing Arts Square not far from the city's main street Nevsky Prospect . The Palace, built for Paul I's fourth son Grand Duke Mikhail ,

1147-513: The water near the source of Moyka, stands a miniature statue Chizhik-Pyzhik of a little bird siskin across the river from the 19th-century Emperor's Law School, whose students' uniforms' colour matched the bird's colouration. On the right bank of Moyka across the Swan Canal from the Summer Garden lies a large open square named the Field of Mars after the Roman mythology god of war because in

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1184-574: Was a one-storey building. Architect Mikhail Zemtsov erected a second, two-storey house on the site in the 1740s. In 1752, Baron Sergei Stroganov commissioned the palace design from Italian architect Bartolomeo Rastrelli , then at work extending the Catherine Palace and building the Smolny Convent for Empress Elisabeth . Since the Stroganovs were the richest family in Russia and were related to

1221-453: Was designed by Ludwig Charlemagne . Behind the fence there is a pond on which swans are released in warm season. Across the Moyka from the Summer Garden stands Saint Michael's Castle commissioned in late 18th century for himself by Emperor Paul I of Russia who had been born on this site when it was occupied by another Summer Palace - of his officially childless unmarried aunt Elisabeth I of Russia . Inspired by Western Europe models,

1258-499: Was later in the 19th century converted to the royal museum of the nation's art named after Alexander III with the nationwide ethnographic department. These serve to this day as the Russian Museum and the Russian Ethnographic Museum . The garden's western side with a decorative fence faces another waterway, a canal originally named after Catherine II who commissioned it, but after the 1917 revolution renamed in honour of

1295-463: Was preserved until 1919 when the last Count Sergei Stroganov sold his rights to the entail. A new apartment was decorated for Aglaida Pavlovna Stroganov by Carlo Rossi in 1820 (it later disappeared almost totally). After the October Revolution in 1917, the remaining Stroganovs emigrated from Russia, and the palace was nationalized. The family line is now extinct. The Soviets declared the palace

1332-500: Was the Stroganovs' serf, and it was rumored that his father was Alexander Stroganov. After Alexander Stroganov died in 1811, the palace passed to his son Pavel . Pavel Stroganov had four daughters, but his only son was killed in the Battle of Craonne . He then established the Stroganov entail , i.e., a non-divisible estate which would pass to the oldest family member. This chain of ownership

1369-408: Was the pelican, once believed to sacrifice itself nursing its young. The bird is now on the crest of the city's large teacher-training university located in the former estate. Giving multilevel higher education at its colleges (faculties and institutes) grouped by school subjects and administrative spheres, in the 1990s it was recognised as having national importance. Named in the Soviet times after

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