60-480: Godfrey may refer to: People [ edit ] Godfrey (name) , a given name and surname Godfrey (comedian) , American comedian, actor Places [ edit ] In the United States [ edit ] Godfrey, Georgia , an unincorporated community Godfrey, Illinois , a village Godfrey, Kansas , an unincorporated community Godfrey, Washington,
120-540: A unique dialect of Irish developed before falling out of use in the early 20th century. With a writing system , Ogham , dating back to at least the 4th century AD, which was gradually replaced by Latin script since the 5th century AD, Irish has one of the oldest vernacular literatures in Western Europe . On the island, the language has three major dialects: Connacht , Munster and Ulster Irish . All three have distinctions in their speech and orthography . There
180-697: A bargaining chip during government formation in Northern Ireland, prompting protests from organisations and groups such as An Dream Dearg . Irish became an official language of the EU on 1 January 2007, meaning that MEPs with Irish fluency can now speak the language in the European Parliament and at committees, although in the case of the latter they have to give prior notice to a simultaneous interpreter in order to ensure that what they say can be interpreted into other languages. While an official language of
240-560: A better future for Ireland and all her citizens." The Strategy was produced on 21 December 2010 and will stay in action until 2030; it aims to target language vitality and revitalization of the Irish language. The 30-page document published by the Government of Ireland details the objectives it plans to work towards in an attempt to preserve and promote both the Irish language and the Gaeltacht. It
300-2412: A character in the novel The Moonstone Godfrey, a character in Xenoblade Chronicles 2 Godfrey, also known as Godric, a character in The Southern Vampire Mysteries novels by Charlaine Harris Gordon Godfrey , a supporting character and supervillain from DC Comics Godfrey, a character in the television series Taboo Godfrey, First Elden Lord, a character in the video game Elden Ring Surname [ edit ] Albert Earl Godfrey (1890–1982), Canadian First World War flying ace Ambrose Godfrey (1660–1741), phosphorus manufacturer Arthur Godfrey (1903–1983), American radio and television broadcaster Ben Godfrey (born 1998), English footballer Billie Godfrey (born 1978), English singer Bob Godfrey (1921–2013), English animator Bob Godfrey (footballer) , Scottish footballer Brett Godfrey (born 1963), Australian businessman Brian Godfrey (1940–2010), Welsh footballer Charles Godfrey (disambiguation) , multiple people Daniel Strong Godfrey (born 1949), American composer DeWitt Godfrey (born 1960), an American modernist sculptor Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey (1621–1678), magistrate murdered in 1678 Edmund Godfrey-Faussett Edward Godfrey (disambiguation) , multiple people Fran Godfrey (born 1953), former BBC Radio 2 newsreader Frank Godfrey (1889-?), English World War I flying ace Frederick Race Godfrey (1828–1910), public figure and politician in Victoria, Australia George Godfrey (1853–1901), Canadian boxer and world 'colored' heavyweight champion Feab S. Williams (1897–1947), American boxer and world 'colored' heavyweight champion (better known as George Godfrey ; named after Godfrey) Isidore Godfrey (1900–1977), conductor Jayne Godfrey , Australian emeritus professor of business and economics John Ray Godfrey (1944–2024), American basketball player Kathy Godfrey (died 1981), American talk show host on radio and television Laurie Godfrey (born 1945), American anthropologist Marjorie Godfrey (1919–2003), Indian politician Martyn Godfrey (1949–2000), English-Canadian author Paul Godfrey (born 1939), former president and CEO of
360-472: A cultural and social force. Irish speakers often insisted on using the language in law courts (even when they knew English), and Irish was also common in commercial transactions. The language was heavily implicated in the "devotional revolution" which marked the standardisation of Catholic religious practice and was also widely used in a political context. Down to the time of the Great Famine and even afterwards,
420-541: A degree course in the NUI federal system to pass the subject of Irish in the Leaving Certificate or GCE / GCSE examinations. Exemptions are made from this requirement for students who were born or completed primary education outside of Ireland, and students diagnosed with dyslexia . NUI Galway is required to appoint people who are competent in the Irish language, as long as they are also competent in all other aspects of
480-460: A fully recognised EU language for the first time in the state's history. Before Irish became an official language it was afforded the status of treaty language and only the highest-level documents of the EU were made available in Irish. The Irish language was carried abroad in the modern period by a vast diaspora , chiefly to Great Britain and North America, but also to Australia , New Zealand and Argentina . The first large movements began in
540-476: A ghost town Godfrey, West Virginia , an unincorporated community Elsewhere [ edit ] Godfrey, Ontario , a Canadian community Fiction [ edit ] Glorious Godfrey , often known just by the name "Godfrey", a DC Comics supervillain Private Godfrey , a character from Dad's Army Queen Goodfey , supporting character of Mysticons , in which she is the kind and brave ruler of
600-574: A paper suggested that within a generation, non-Gaeltacht habitual users of Irish might typically be members of an urban, middle class, and highly educated minority. Parliamentary legislation is supposed to be available in both Irish and English but is frequently only available in English. This is notwithstanding that Article 25.4 of the Constitution of Ireland requires that an "official translation" of any law in one official language be provided immediately in
660-554: A pass in Leaving Certificate Irish or English, and receive lessons in Irish during their two years of training. Official documents of the Irish government must be published in both Irish and English or Irish alone (in accordance with the Official Languages Act 2003, enforced by An Coimisinéir Teanga , the Irish language ombudsman). The National University of Ireland requires all students wishing to embark on
SECTION 10
#1732848896811720-1158: A possible English/French equivalent Godfrey (disambiguation) Godfrid Godfried , a Dutch equivalent Gottfried , a German equivalent Queen Goodfey , supporting character of Mysticons , in which she is the kind and brave ruler of the people of planet Gemina. Citations [ edit ] ^ Hanks; Hardcastle; Hodges (2006) p. 112. ^ Mark (2003) p. 715. ^ Hanks; Coates; McClure (2016) p. 1073. Sources [ edit ] Hanks, P ; Coates, R; McClure, P, eds. (2016). The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland . Vol. 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press . ISBN 978-0-19-879882-8 . Hanks, P; Hardcastle, K; Hodges, F (2006) [First published 1990]. A Dictionary of First Names . Oxford Paperback Reference (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-861060-1 . Mark, C (2003). The Gaelic-English Dictionary . New York: Routledge . ISBN 0-203-27706-6 . [REDACTED] Name list This page or section lists people that share
780-611: A religious context. An Irish translation of the Old Testament by Leinsterman Muircheartach Ó Cíonga , commissioned by Bishop Bedell , was published after 1685 along with a translation of the New Testament. Otherwise, Anglicisation was seen as synonymous with 'civilising' the native Irish. Currently, modern day Irish speakers in the church are pushing for language revival. It has been estimated that there were around 800,000 monoglot Irish speakers in 1800, which dropped to 320,000 by
840-537: A wider meaning, including the Gaelic of Scotland and the Isle of Man , as well as of Ireland. When required by the context, these are distinguished as Gaeilge na hAlban , Gaeilge Mhanann and Gaeilge na hÉireann respectively. In English (including Hiberno-English ), the language is usually referred to as Irish , as well as Gaelic and Irish Gaelic . The term Irish Gaelic may be seen when English speakers discuss
900-448: Is also An Caighdeán Oifigiúil , a standardised written form devised by a parliamentary commission in the 1950s. The traditional Irish alphabet , a variant of the Latin alphabet with 18 letters , has been succeeded by the standard Latin alphabet (albeit with 7–8 letters used primarily in loanwords ). Irish has constitutional status as the national and first official language of
960-474: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Godfrey (name) Godfrey is a given name and an English surname . The given name is derived from the Old French Godefroy , a name composed of the elements: the first being either God ("God") or gōd ("good"); the second being fred ("peace"). The name
1020-571: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Irish language Irish ( Standard Irish : Gaeilge ), also known as Irish Gaelic or simply Gaelic ( / ˈ ɡ eɪ l ɪ k / GAY -lik ), is a Celtic language of the Indo-European language family . It is a member of the Goidelic language group of the Insular Celtic sub branch of the family and is indigenous to
1080-511: Is divided into four separate phases with the intention of improving 9 main areas of action including: The general goal for this strategy was to increase the number of daily speakers from 83,000 to 250,000 by the end of its run. By 2022, the number of such speakers had fallen to 71,968. Before the partition of Ireland in 1921, Irish was recognised as a school subject and as "Celtic" in some third level institutions. Between 1921 and 1972, Northern Ireland had devolved government. During those years
1140-567: Is only in Gaeltacht areas that Irish continues to be spoken as a community vernacular to some extent. According to data compiled by the Department of Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht , Sport and Media , only 1/4 of households in Gaeltacht areas are fluent in Irish. The author of a detailed analysis of the survey, Donncha Ó hÉallaithe of the Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology , described
1200-412: Is still spoken daily to some extent as a first language . These regions are known individually and collectively as the Gaeltacht (plural Gaeltachtaí ). While the fluent Irish speakers of these areas, whose numbers have been estimated at 20–30,000, are a minority of the total number of fluent Irish speakers, they represent a higher concentration of Irish speakers than other parts of the country and it
1260-709: The Fíor-Ghaeltacht (true Gaeltacht ), a term originally officially applied to areas where over 50% of the population spoke Irish. There are Gaeltacht regions in the following counties: Gweedore ( Gaoth Dobhair ), County Donegal, is the largest Gaeltacht parish in Ireland. Irish language summer colleges in the Gaeltacht are attended by tens of thousands of teenagers annually. Students live with Gaeltacht families, attend classes, participate in sports, go to céilithe and are obliged to speak Irish. All aspects of Irish culture and tradition are encouraged. The Act
SECTION 20
#17328488968111320-984: The Irish Mac Gothraidh or Ó Gothraidh . Given name [ edit ] Medieval [ edit ] Godfrey of Amiens (1066–1115), bishop of Amiens Godfrey of Bath (died 1135), bishop of Bath Godfrey of Bouillon (1060–1100), leader of the First Crusade, first king of Jerusalem Godfrey of Brabant (died 1302), Belgian noble Godfrey of Cambrai (11th century), prior and poet Godfrey of Chichester (11th century), bishop of Chichester Godfrey of Esch (11th century), Lord of Esch and crusader Godfrey of Fontaines (13th century), scholastic philosopher and theologian Godfrey (patriarch of Aquileia) (died 1194) Godfrey of Saint Victor (c. 1125 – c. 1195), French monk and theologian Godfrey of Viterbo (c. 1120 – c. 1196), Roman Catholic chronicler Godred Crovan (died 1095), King of Dublin and
1380-619: The Republic of Ireland , and is also an official language of Northern Ireland and among the official languages of the European Union . The public body Foras na Gaeilge is responsible for the promotion of the language throughout the island. Irish has no regulatory body but An Caighdeán Oifigiúil , the standard written form, is guided by a parliamentary service and new vocabulary by a voluntary committee with university input. In An Caighdeán Oifigiúil ("The Official [Written] Standard ")
1440-555: The 17th century, largely as a result of the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland , which saw many Irish sent to the West Indies . Irish emigration to the United States was well established by the 18th century, and was reinforced in the 1840s by thousands fleeing from the Famine . This flight also affected Britain. Up until that time most emigrants spoke Irish as their first language, though English
1500-769: The 1998 Good Friday Agreement , the language gradually received a degree of formal recognition in Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom, and then, in 2003, by the British government's ratification in respect of the language of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages . In the 2006 St Andrews Agreement the British government promised to enact legislation to promote the language and in 2022 it approved legislation to recognise Irish as an official language alongside English. The bill received royal assent on 6 December 2022. The Irish language has often been used as
1560-400: The 2021 census of Northern Ireland , 43,557 individuals stated they spoke Irish on a daily basis, 26,286 spoke it on a weekly basis, 47,153 spoke it less often than weekly, and 9,758 said they could speak Irish, but never spoke it. From 2006 to 2008, over 22,000 Irish Americans reported speaking Irish as their first language at home, with several times that number claiming "some knowledge" of
1620-403: The 6th century, used the Latin alphabet and is attested primarily in marginalia to Latin manuscripts. During this time, the Irish language absorbed some Latin words, some via Old Welsh , including ecclesiastical terms : examples are easpag (bishop) from episcopus , and Domhnach (Sunday, from dominica ). By the 10th century, Old Irish had evolved into Middle Irish , which
1680-563: The Act all detailing different aspects of the use of Irish in official documentation and communication. Included in these sections are subjects such as Irish language use in official courts, official publications, and placenames. The Act was recently amended in December 2019 in order to strengthen the already preexisting legislation. All changes made took into account data collected from online surveys and written submissions. The Official Languages Scheme
1740-463: The European Union , only co-decision regulations were available until 2022, due to a five-year derogation, requested by the Irish Government when negotiating the language's new official status. The Irish government had committed itself to train the necessary number of translators and interpreters and to bear the related costs. This derogation ultimately came to an end on 1 January 2022, making Irish
1800-536: The Irish language policy followed by Irish governments as a "complete and absolute disaster". The Irish Times , referring to his analysis published in the Irish language newspaper Foinse , quoted him as follows: "It is an absolute indictment of successive Irish Governments that at the foundation of the Irish State there were 250,000 fluent Irish speakers living in Irish-speaking or semi Irish-speaking areas, but
1860-2614: The Isles Gofraid mac Amlaíb meic Ragnaill (died 1075), King of Dublin Godfrey van Rhenen (died 1178), bishop of Utrecht Godfrey of Saint-Omer (c. 1100 – 1160), knight Modern [ edit ] Godfrey (born 1969), stage name of Godfrey Danchimah Godfrey Agnew (1913–1995), British civil servant Godfrey Argent (1937–2006), English photographer Godfrey Ashby (born 1930), British Anglican bishop, theologian and academic Godfrey Baldacchino (born 1960), Maltese-Canadian social scientist Godfrey Cambridge (1933–1976), American comedian Godfrey Darbishire (1853–1889), English-born Welsh rugby union forward Godfrey Evans (1920–1999), English cricketer Godfrey Farrugia (born 1960), Maltese politician Godfrey Fuchs (1889–1972), German-Canadian soccer player Godfrey Gao (1984–2019), Taiwanese-Canadian model and actor Godfrey Douglas Giles (1857–1941), English painter Godfrey Goldsborough (1548–1604), English clergyman Godfrey G. Goodwin (1873–1933), American politician Godfrey Grayson (1913–1998), English film director Godfrey Ho (born 1948), Hong Kong film director and screenwriter Godfrey Hounsfield (1919–2004), English electrical engineer Godfrey Huggins (1883–1971), Rhodesian politician and physician Godfrey Imhof (1911–1963), English racing driver Godfrey Gitahi Kariuki (1937–2017), Kenyan politician Godfrey Kiprotich (born 1964), Kenyan distance runner Godfrey Kneller (1646–1723), English portrait painter Godfrey Lagden (1851–1934), British colonial administrator Godfrey Edward Madawala (1878-1932), Sri Lankan Sinhala lawyer and politician Godfrey McCulloch (1640–1697), Scottish politician and murderer Godfrey McHugh (1911–1997), United States Air Force general Godfrey Morse (1846–1911), German-American lawyer Godfrey Mwakikagile (born 1949), Tanzanian scholar and author Godfrey O'Donnell (1939–2020), Northern Irish priest Godfrey Reggio (born 1939), American director of experimental documentary films Godfrey A. Rockefeller (1924–2010), American aviator Godfrey Shawa , Malawian politician Godfrey Vigne (1801–1863), English cricketer and traveler Godfrey Walusimbi (born 1989), Ugandan footballer Godfrey Zaunbrecher (born 1946), American football player Godfrey Segwape (born 1973), South African Safety Officer. Fictional characters [ edit ] Godfrey Ablewhite ,
Godfrey - Misplaced Pages Continue
1920-597: The Republic of Ireland ), new appointees to the Civil Service of the Republic of Ireland , including postal workers , tax collectors , agricultural inspectors, Garda Síochána (police), etc., were required to have some proficiency in Irish. By law, a Garda who was addressed in Irish had to respond in Irish as well. In 1974, in part through the actions of protest organisations like the Language Freedom Movement ,
1980-1124: The Toronto Blue Jays Rebecca Godfrey (1967–2022), Canadian novelist and nonfiction writer Richard Godfrey (disambiguation) , multiple people Robert Godfrey (disambiguation) , multiple people Robert John Godfrey (born 1947), British composer, pianist and founder member of The Enid Steve Godfrey (disambiguation) , multiple people Thomas Godfrey , multiple people Tony Godfrey (footballer) (born 1939), English footballer Wilhelmina McAlpin Godfrey (1914–1994), American tapestry artist William Godfrey (disambiguation) , multiple people Godfrey family of musicians [ edit ] Charles Godfrey (1790–1863), British bandmaster and composer Dan Godfrey (1868–1939), British conductor, son of bandmaster Daniel Godfrey Daniel Godfrey (bandmaster) (1831–1903), British bandmaster and composer Fred Godfrey (bandmaster) (1837–1882) British bandmaster and music arranger See also [ edit ] Geoffrey (given name) ,
2040-731: The beginning of the following academic year. For a number of years there has been vigorous debate in political, academic and other circles about the failure of most students in English-medium schools to achieve competence in Irish, even after fourteen years of teaching as one of the three main subjects. The concomitant decline in the number of traditional native speakers has also been a cause of great concern. In 2007, filmmaker Manchán Magan found few Irish speakers in Dublin , and faced incredulity when trying to get by speaking only Irish in Dublin. He
2100-468: The end of the famine, and under 17,000 by 1911. Irish is recognised by the Constitution of Ireland as the national and first official language of Republic of Ireland (English being the other official language). Despite this, almost all government business and legislative debate is conducted in English. In 1938, the founder of Conradh na Gaeilge (Gaelic League), Douglas Hyde , was inaugurated as
2160-545: The first President of Ireland . The record of his delivering his inaugural Declaration of Office in Roscommon Irish is one of only a few recordings of that dialect. In the 2016 census, 10.5% of respondents stated that they spoke Irish, either daily or weekly, while over 70,000 people (4.2%) speak it as a habitual daily means of communication. From the foundation of the Irish Free State in 1922 (see History of
2220-576: The island of Ireland . It was the majority of the population's first language until the 19th century, when English gradually became dominant, particularly in the last decades of the century, in what is sometimes characterised as a result of linguistic imperialism . Today, Irish is still commonly spoken as a first language in Ireland's Gaeltacht regions, in which 2% of Ireland's population lived in 2022. The total number of people (aged 3 and over) in Ireland who declared they could speak Irish in April 2022
2280-698: The language family, is derived from the Old Irish term. Endonyms of the language in the various modern Irish dialects include: Gaeilge [ˈɡeːlʲɟə] in Galway, Gaeilg / Gaeilic / Gaeilig [ˈɡeːlʲəc] in Mayo and Ulster , Gaelainn / Gaoluinn [ˈɡeːl̪ˠən̠ʲ] in West/Cork, Kerry Munster , as well as Gaedhealaing in mid and East Kerry/Cork and Waterford Munster to reflect local pronunciation. Gaeilge also has
2340-410: The language was in use by all classes, Irish being an urban as well as a rural language. This linguistic dynamism was reflected in the efforts of certain public intellectuals to counter the decline of the language. At the end of the 19th century, they launched the Gaelic revival in an attempt to encourage the learning and use of Irish, although few adult learners mastered the language. The vehicle of
2400-472: The language. For most of recorded Irish history , Irish was the dominant language of the Irish people , who took it with them to other regions , such as Scotland and the Isle of Man , where Middle Irish gave rise to Scottish Gaelic and Manx . It was also, for a period, spoken widely across Canada , with an estimated 200,000–250,000 daily Canadian speakers of Irish in 1890. On the island of Newfoundland ,
2460-563: The mid-18th century, English was becoming a language of the Catholic middle class, the Catholic Church and public intellectuals, especially in the east of the country. Increasingly, as the value of English became apparent, parents sanctioned the prohibition of Irish in schools. Increasing interest in emigrating to the United States and Canada was also a driver, as fluency in English allowed
Godfrey - Misplaced Pages Continue
2520-771: The name of the language is Gaeilge , from the South Connacht form, spelled Gaedhilge prior the spelling reform of 1948, which was originally the genitive of Gaedhealg , the form used in Classical Gaelic . The modern spelling results from the deletion of the silent ⟨dh⟩ in Gaedhilge . Older spellings include Gaoidhealg [ˈɡeːʝəlˠəɡ] in Classical Gaelic and Goídelc [ˈɡoiðʲelɡ] in Old Irish . Goidelic , used to refer to
2580-463: The new immigrants to get jobs in areas other than farming. An estimated one quarter to one third of US immigrants during the Great Famine were Irish speakers. Irish was not marginal to Ireland's modernisation in the 19th century, as is often assumed. In the first half of the century there were still around three million people for whom Irish was the primary language, and their numbers alone made them
2640-639: The number now is between 20,000 and 30,000." In the 1920s, when the Irish Free State was founded, Irish was still a vernacular in some western coastal areas. In the 1930s, areas where more than 25% of the population spoke Irish were classified as Gaeltacht . Today, the strongest Gaeltacht areas, numerically and socially, are those of South Connemara , the west of the Dingle Peninsula , and northwest Donegal, where many residents still use Irish as their primary language. These areas are often referred to as
2700-498: The other official language, if not already passed in both official languages. In November 2016, RTÉ reported that over 2.3 million people worldwide were learning Irish through the Duolingo app. Irish president Michael D. Higgins officially honoured several volunteer translators for developing the Irish edition, and said the push for Irish language rights remains an "unfinished project". There are rural areas of Ireland where Irish
2760-517: The people of Drake City on planet Gemina. Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Godfrey . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Godfrey&oldid=1215944190 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
2820-539: The political party holding power in the Stormont Parliament , the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), was hostile to the language. The context of this hostility was the use of the language by nationalists. In broadcasting, there was an exclusion on the reporting of minority cultural issues, and Irish was excluded from radio and television for almost the first fifty years of the previous devolved government. After
2880-487: The relationship between the three Goidelic languages (Irish, Scottish Gaelic and Manx). Gaelic is a collective term for the Goidelic languages, and when the context is clear it may be used without qualification to refer to each language individually. When the context is specific but unclear, the term may be qualified, as Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic or Manx Gaelic. Historically the name "Erse" ( / ɜːr s / URS )
2940-432: The requirement for entrance to the public service was changed to proficiency in just one official language. Nevertheless, Irish remains a required subject of study in all schools in the Republic of Ireland that receive public money (see Education in the Republic of Ireland ). Teachers in primary schools must also pass a compulsory examination called Scrúdú Cáilíochta sa Ghaeilge . As of 2005, Garda Síochána recruits need
3000-625: The revival was the Gaelic League ( Conradh na Gaeilge ), and particular emphasis was placed on the folk tradition, which in Irish is particularly rich. Efforts were also made to develop journalism and a modern literature. Although it has been noted that the Catholic Church played a role in the decline of the Irish language before the Gaelic Revival, the Protestant Church of Ireland also made only minor efforts to encourage use of Irish in
3060-690: The same given name or the same family name . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Godfrey_(name)&oldid=1258567065 " Categories : Given names Surnames Anglicised Irish-language surnames English masculine given names Masculine given names English-language masculine given names English-language surnames French masculine given names Surnames of English origin Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
SECTION 50
#17328488968113120-705: The vacancy to which they are appointed. This requirement is laid down by the University College Galway Act, 1929 (Section 3). In 2016, the university faced controversy when it announced the planned appointment of a president who did not speak Irish. Misneach staged protests against this decision. The following year the university announced that Ciarán Ó hÓgartaigh , a fluent Irish speaker, would be its 13th president. He assumed office in January 2018; in June 2024, he announced he would be stepping down as president at
3180-594: The work of such writers as Geoffrey Keating , is said to date from the 17th century, and was the medium of popular literature from that time on. From the 18th century on, the language lost ground in the east of the country. The reasons behind this shift were complex but came down to a number of factors: The change was characterised by diglossia (two languages being used by the same community in different social and economic situations) and transitional bilingualism (monoglot Irish-speaking grandparents with bilingual children and monoglot English-speaking grandchildren). By
3240-460: Was 1,873,997, representing 40% of respondents, but of these, 472,887 said they never spoke it and a further 551,993 said they only spoke it within the education system. Linguistic analyses of Irish speakers are therefore based primarily on the number of daily users in Ireland outside the education system, which in 2022 was 20,261 in the Gaeltacht and 51,707 outside it, totalling 71,968. In response to
3300-523: Was also sometimes used in Scots and then in English to refer to Irish; as well as Scottish Gaelic. Written Irish is first attested in Ogham inscriptions from the 4th century AD, a stage of the language known as Primitive Irish . These writings have been found throughout Ireland and the west coast of Great Britain. Primitive Irish underwent a change into Old Irish through the 5th century. Old Irish, dating from
3360-700: Was brought to England by settlers from Normandy , the Low Countries , and France . The name is rendered Goraidh , Goiridh in Scottish Gaelic . In some cases the surname is derived from the Middle English personal name Godfrey , Godefrey ; or the Old French Godefrei , Godefroi , Godefrois ; or the Continental Germanic Godefrid . In other cases, the surname is derived from
3420-643: Was enacted 1 July 2019 and is an 18-page document that adheres to the guidelines of the Official Languages Act 2003 . The purpose of the Scheme is to provide services through the mediums of Irish and/or English. According to the Department of the Taoiseach, it is meant to "develop a sustainable economy and a successful society, to pursue Ireland's interests abroad, to implement the Government's Programme and to build
3480-403: Was passed 14 July 2003 with the main purpose of improving the number and quality of public services delivered in Irish by the government and other public bodies. Compliance with the Act is monitored by the An Coimisinéir Teanga (Irish Language Commissioner) which was established in 2004 and any complaints or concerns pertaining to the Act are brought to them. There are 35 sections included in
3540-527: Was spoken throughout Ireland, Isle of Man and parts of Scotland . It is the language of a large corpus of literature, including the Ulster Cycle . From the 12th century, Middle Irish began to evolve into modern Irish in Ireland, into Scottish Gaelic in Scotland, and into the Manx language in the Isle of Man . Early Modern Irish , dating from the 13th century, was the basis of the literary language of both Ireland and Gaelic-speaking Scotland. Modern Irish, sometimes called Late Modern Irish, as attested in
3600-442: Was unable to accomplish some everyday tasks, as portrayed in his documentary No Béarla . There is, however, a growing body of Irish speakers in urban areas, particularly in Dublin. Many have been educated in schools in which Irish is the language of instruction. Such schools are known as Gaelscoileanna at primary level. These Irish-medium schools report some better outcomes for students than English-medium schools. In 2009,
#810189