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44 (number)

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44 ( forty-four ) is the natural number following 43 and preceding 45 .

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41-617: Forty-four is a repdigit and palindromic number in decimal . It is the tenth 10- happy number , and the fourth octahedral number . It is a square-prime of the form p × q , and fourth of this form and of the form 2 × q , where q is a higher prime. It is the first member of the first cluster of two square-primes; of the form p × q , specifically 2 × 11 = 44 and 3 × 5 = 45 . The next such cluster of two square-primes comprises 2 × 29 = 116 , and 3 × 13 = 117 . 44 has an aliquot sum of 40 , within an aliquot sequence of three composite numbers (44, 40, 50 , 43 , 1 , 0 ) rooted in

82-425: A "defense" against alleged DDOS attacks that took place during the same month. These events raised concerns and speculations among users, who grew suspicious of an alleged takeover committed by Mail.ru, and who criticized the owner's controversial decision to accept "help". As of October 2018 It was widely believed that the imageboard was simply "sold" on undisclosed terms to a pro-government organization. The decision

123-455: A "secure" tripcode. Such tripcodes are not reproducible across different imageboards; they work by prepending a secure salt to the tripcode which, barring intrusion , is known only to the server owner. They therefore function closer to a username than to a cryptographic signature; this is why QAnon could not verify themselves on another website when 8chan went down in late 2019. Dvach , Russian : двач , romanized :  dvách

164-497: A custom tripcode, however, there are custom tripcode generators (which are technically tripcode crackers) available, such as Meriken's Tripcode Engine and MTY_CL. In general, anonymity is considered to be one of the advantages of an imageboard, and some boards have from time to time removed the ability to post with a name altogether (known as "forced anonymous/anonymity"). Due to the fact tripcodes can be cracked given enough time, some imageboards, such as 4chan and 8chan , implement

205-532: A few days until all of its content was permanently deleted. Indiachan was an anonymous Indian imageboard inspired by 4chan and 8chan . It was created in 2016 by a user named lungimoot or lungoot . The primary languages used were English and Hinglish . Karachan is the largest Polish imageboard at 30 million posts, founded in 2010, after its predecessors founded in the period between 2005 and 2010 (Tentacle-chan, Eris-chan, Vichan and then Tapchan, respectively) had shut down. Karachan has received attention from

246-418: A large variety of topics. Imageboards are also different from online galleries in that most of the works posted are not made by the poster, but instead are taken from other online sources: galleries, other imageboards, and edited pictures. Most imageboards and 2channel -style discussion boards allow (and encourage) anonymous posting and use a system of tripcodes instead of registration. A tripcode

287-520: A repdigit has been studied under that name since at least 1974, and earlier Beiler (1966) called them "monodigit numbers". The Brazilian numbers were introduced later, in 1994, in the 9th Iberoamerican Mathematical Olympiad that took place in Fortaleza , Brazil. The first problem in this competition, proposed by Mexico, was as follows: A number n > 0 is called "Brazilian" if there exists an integer b such that 1 < b < n – 1 for which

328-430: A repdigit in some base, not allowing the repdigit 11, and not allowing the single-digit numbers (or all numbers will be Brazilian). For example, 27 is a Brazilian number because 27 is the repdigit 33 in base 8, while 9 is not a Brazilian number because its only repdigit representation is 11 8 , not allowed in the definition of Brazilian numbers. The representations of the form 11 are considered trivial and are disallowed in

369-545: A slightly modified version of Kusaba X, it was a global imageboard for all Hispanophones . Vice Magazine described it as "a site for completely anonymous Spanish-language discussion that has proven popular among hackers since its launch in 2012." In January 2017, a school shooting in Monterrey, Mexico was previously announced on Hispachan. In a June 2019 article, Elena Rue of Vice Spain described various Hispachan threads as constituting "collaborative misogyny " for allowing

410-533: A strong dedication to freedom of speech and allows all content—so long as the discussion and board creation abides by United States law. However, local moderators enforce the rules of their own boards and may delete posts as they see fit. It is currently partnered with the Japanese textboard 2channel . Marcelo Valle Silveira Mello, also known by aliases such as Psycl0n, is a brazilian individual who has been imprisoned for various offenses including hate crimes. He

451-540: A total of 45 classes of finite simple groups. Forty-four is: AD 44 , 44 BC , 1944 , etc. Repdigit In recreational mathematics , a repdigit or sometimes monodigit is a natural number composed of repeated instances of the same digit in a positional number system (often implicitly decimal ). The word is a portmanteau of "repeated" and "digit". Examples are 11 , 666 , 4444 , and 999999 . All repdigits are palindromic numbers and are multiples of repunits . Other well-known repdigits include

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492-475: A vanishingly small fraction of primes are Brazilian, there are infinitely many non-Brazilian primes, forming the sequence If a Fermat number F n = 2 2 n + 1 {\displaystyle F_{n}=2^{2^{n}}+1} is prime, it is not Brazilian, but if it is composite, it is Brazilian. Contradicting a previous conjecture, Resta, Marcus, Grantham, and Graves found examples of Sophie Germain primes that are Brazilian,

533-703: A wide variety of topics, from video games and popular culture to politics and sports ) and their discussion. The Guardian describes it as "at once brilliant, ridiculous and alarming." The site and its userbase have received attention from the media for a number of reasons, including attacks against Hal Turner on his Internet shows, distributed denial-of-service attacks against eBaum's World , taking part in Project Chanology , and multiple cases of anti-animal abuse reports . Many Internet memes have originated there, including lolcats , rickrolling , and Pedobear . 8kun (formally 8chan, or Infinitechan)

574-458: Is a Russian imageboard that replaced the 2ch.ru imageboard (originally known as dvach), which was shut down earlier on January 17, 2009. It thoroughly copied the original layout , was heavily advertised over the internet, and managed to succeed the original one in popularity. According to its owners, the number of posts left in the /b/ board exceeded 150 million. In September 2016, a pro-Russian government organisation, Mail.ru , helped to organize

615-414: Is a primarily English-language imageboard, although it has sub-boards dedicated to other languages. Just like 4chan, 8kun is based on posting pictures and discussion anonymously, but unlike 4chan, 8kun lets its users decide what they want to discuss by allowing any user to create their own board dedicated to any topic, a concept first made popular by news bulletin boards like Reddit . 8kun also claims to have

656-476: Is a type of Internet forum that focuses on the posting of images, often alongside text and discussion. The first imageboards were created in Japan as an extension of the textboard concept. These sites later inspired the creation of a number of English-language imageboards. Imageboards, similar to bulletin board systems , are used for discussions of a variety of topics. The primary focus of imageboards, however,

697-540: Is an anonymous BBS and imageboard system based in Japan. Its boards usually do not distinguish between not safe for work and clean content, but there is a strict barrier between two-dimensional (drawn) and three-dimensional ( computer graphics (CG) and photographic) pictures that is heavily enforced and debated. Hispachan was an anonymous imageboard launched in November 2012 and founded by Juanjo Escofet Carmona. Running on

738-531: Is directed away from text posts, and is instead placed on picture posts. The two share many of the same structures, including separate forums for separate topics, as well as similar audiences. Imageboards are much more transitory with content—on some boards (especially highly trafficked ones), the thread deletion time can be as little as 10 minutes. In Japan , where imageboards are more common, topics will vary widely, ranging from trains to current news. The most popular English language imageboard, 4chan , similarly has

779-433: Is known for his support of pedophilia and racism , and for sharing violent content. He founded Dogolachan as a space " for his particular brand of free speech. " Endchan is an English-language imageboard. The perpetrator of the 2019 Baerum mosque shooting announced the attack on the website. The administrators claimed the thread was deleted immediately, and the site had its primary web domain taken offline following

820-472: Is prime corresponding to ( p , b , q ) = (11, 3, 5) . Therefore, the only squared prime that is Brazilian is 11 = 121 = 11111 3 . There is also one more nontrivial repunit square, the solution ( p , b , q ) = (20, 7, 4) corresponding to 20 = 400 = 1111 7 , but it is not exceptional with respect to the classification of Brazilian numbers because 20 is not prime. Perfect powers that are repunits with three digits or more in some base b are described by

861-436: Is the hashed result of a password that allows one's identity to be recognized without storing any data about users. Entering a particular password will let one "sign" one's posts with the tripcode generated from that password. Trying to take another user's tripcode and compute their password from it (for instance, to make posts that appear to come from a particular person) is somewhat computationally difficult. For those who want

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902-422: Is the repeated digit and 1 < y {\displaystyle 1<y} is the number of repetitions. For example, the repdigit 77777 in base 10 is 7 × 10 5 − 1 10 − 1 {\displaystyle 7\times {\frac {10^{5}-1}{10-1}}} . A variation of repdigits called Brazilian numbers are numbers that can be written as

943-515: Is used as Karachan's logo. Krautchan was a mainly German-language imageboard, founded in 2007. The name is an allusion to the ethnophaulism Kraut for Germans. Unlike most imageboards, postings on Krautchan were not published under the generic name "Anonymous"; the German name " Bernd " was used instead, and the Krautchan community identified themselves as "Bernds" instead of "Anons". In 2009, after

984-585: The Diophantine equation of Nagell and Ljunggren Yann Bugeaud and Maurice Mignotte conjecture that only three perfect powers are Brazilian repunits. They are 121, 343, and 400 (sequence A208242 in the OEIS ), the two squares listed above and the cube 343 = 7 = 111 18 . Some popular media publications have published articles suggesting that repunit numbers have numerological significance, describing them as "angel numbers". Imageboards An imageboard

1025-625: The Mersenne numbers and the binary repunit primes are the Mersenne primes . It is unknown whether there are infinitely many Brazilian primes. If the Bateman–Horn conjecture is true, then for every prime number of digits there would exist infinitely many repunit primes with that number of digits (and consequentially infinitely many Brazilian primes). Alternatively, if there are infinitely many decimal repunit primes, or infinitely many Mersenne primes, then there are infinitely many Brazilian primes. Because

1066-550: The Polandball internet phenomenon and a number of other popular memes such as Wojak in August the same year. On March 21, 2018, the imageboard was shut down. Two days later, the imageboard kohlchan was founded as a replacement. Soyjak.party is an imageboard website primarily dedicated to the creation and posting of soyjak images . The website was created in 2020 as a joke by pseudonymous 4chan user Soot . They later stated in

1107-512: The Winnenden school shooting , the interior minister of Baden-Württemberg cited a post on the imageboard in a press conference that appeared to forewarn of the shooting, but was later found to be fake. Like most imageboards, it had /a/, /b/, /jp/, /x/ and /tv/ boards; it ran on the Desuchan board software. The site also featured a popular English-language board, /int/, which was also the origin of

1148-404: The dissemination of intimate images of women without their permission and online harassment of those objecting to their photos being shared. Despite online complaints by some women, the website is legal and, according to the administrator, "collaborates with the authorities as required by law." In May 2022, Hispachan officially announced its closure on Twitter; it was temporarily available for

1189-438: The repunit primes and in particular the Mersenne primes (which are repdigits when represented in binary). Repdigits are the representation in base B {\displaystyle B} of the number x B y − 1 B − 1 {\displaystyle x{\frac {B^{y}-1}{B-1}}} where 0 < x < B {\displaystyle 0<x<B}

1230-477: The truncated cube and truncated octahedron , per Miller's rules . 44 four-dimensional crystallographic point groups of a total 227 contain dual enantiomorphs , or mirror images. There are forty-four classes of finite simple groups that arise from four general families of such groups: Sometimes the Tits group is considered a 17th non-strict simple group of Lie type, or a 27th sporadic group, which would yield

1271-562: The 3.7×10 prime numbers smaller than 10 , only 8.8×10 are Brazilian. The decimal repunit primes have the form R n = 10 n − 1 9   with  n ≥ 3 {\displaystyle R_{n}={\tfrac {10^{n}-1}{9}}\ {\mbox{with }}n\geq 3} for the values of n listed in OEIS :  A004023 . It has been conjectured that there are infinitely many decimal repunit primes. The binary repunits are

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1312-553: The Polish media after many trolling actions targeting Polish politicians, journalists and the Pope John Paul II . As of July 2019, the site consists of a (Polish-language) faux page claiming the site is "blocked" due to "invalid content". However, a manual is known to exist, informing how to enter the actual forum and browse its contents. Its name comes from the Polish word karaczan , which means cockroach , an insect that

1353-522: The attack. The site has a message of "This is the End" displayed on it. Endchan has a /pol/ board, which was described as "eclectic" in its topic of discussions compared to similar boards on other imageboards. This was described as partially due to its obscurity relative to similar imageboards. It has been noted for its apocalyptic themes and far-right discussion of civilizational collapse . Futaba Channel ( Japanese : ふたば☆ちゃんねる ), known as 2chan for short,

1394-486: The definition of Brazilian numbers, because all natural numbers n greater than two have the representation 11 n − 1 . The first twenty Brazilian numbers are On some websites (including imageboards like 4chan ), it is considered an auspicious event when the sequentially-assigned ID number of a post is a repdigit, such as 22,222,222, which is one type of "GET" (others including round numbers like 34,000,000, or sequential digits like 12,345,678). The concept of

1435-506: The first one is 28792661 = 11111 73 . The only positive integers that can be non-Brazilian are 1, 6, the primes , and the squares of the primes, for every other number is the product of two factors x and y with 1 < x < y − 1, and can be written as xx in base y − 1. If a square of a prime p is Brazilian, then prime p must satisfy the Diophantine equation Norwegian mathematician Trygve Nagell has proved that this equation has only one solution when p

1476-436: The number of digits to be exactly two, Brazilian primes must have an odd prime number of digits. Having an odd prime number of digits is not enough to guarantee that a repunit is prime; for instance, 21 = 111 4 = 3 × 7 and 111 = 111 10 = 3 × 37 are not prime. In any given base b , every repunit prime in that base with the exception of 11 b (if it is prime) is a Brazilian prime. The smallest Brazilian primes are While

1517-514: The prime 43 -aliquot tree. Since the greatest prime factor of 44 + 1 = 1937 is 149 and thus more than 44 twice, 44 is a Størmer number . Given Euler's totient function , φ(44) = 20 and φ(69) = 44. 44 is a tribonacci number , preceded by 7, 13, and 24, whose sum it equals. 44 is the number of derangements of 5 items. There are only 44 kinds of Schwarz triangles , aside from the infinite dihedral family of triangles ( p 2 2) with p = {2, 3, 4, ...}. There are 44 distinct stellations of

1558-432: The representation of n in base b is written with all equal digits. Prove that 1994 is Brazilian and that 1993 is not Brazilian. For a repdigit to be prime , it must be a repunit (i.e. the repeating digit is 1) and have a prime number of digits in its base (except trivial single-digit numbers), since, for example, the repdigit 77777 is divisible by 7, in any base > 7. In particular, as Brazilian repunits do not allow

1599-452: The sum of the reciprocals of the prime numbers is a divergent series, the sum of the reciprocals of the Brazilian prime numbers is a convergent series whose value, called the "Brazilian primes constant", is slightly larger than 0.33 (sequence A306759 in the OEIS ). This convergence implies that the Brazilian primes form a vanishingly small fraction of all prime numbers. For instance, among

1640-436: Was created on 20 April 2005 by Aubrey Cottle . The name is a reference to the larger 4chan and the code term 420 of the cannabis subculture . Its boards included various drug-specific boards, as well as a board featuring a chatbot named Netjester. 4chan is an English-language imageboard based on the Japanese imageboard Futaba Channel. This imageboard is based primarily upon the posting of pictures (generally related to

1681-417: Was met with a high criticism, due to the risks to disclosure of users' credentials from an inherently anonymous community, coming from a government body that could potentially violate these principles of anonymity, causing many to leave the board by the end of 2016. As of 2019, it remains one of the largest active Russian-speaking imageboards. An English-language imageboard based on cannabis culture which

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