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51-578: The union station began construction in 1891 and opened to the public January 21, 1893. It consolidated the operations and services of several rail companies serving Detroit like Baltimore and Ohio, Pere Marquette (later Chesapeake and Ohio), Pennsylvania, and Wabash. It was not utilised by New York Central Railroad and Canadian Pacific Railway , which used Michigan Central Station , and the Grand Trunk Western Railroad , which used Brush Street Station . The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad used

102-467: A crisis, with the roadway blocked for up to seven hours per day by crossing trains. As well, the Columbus Board of Trade (the city's chamber of commerce) rallied for support of a modern and grand station to fit their view of the city. In 1893 the architectural firm of Daniel H. Burnham & Company of Chicago began planning a new facility. A key feature of the new station would be a road viaduct over

153-630: A metal shed ("Amshack") east of the station near the 4th Street viaduct when it became apparent that the cost of operating the station was too great. The last train to serve the main station building was a westbound National Limited, which left for Kansas City at 9:17 am that morning. The station was finally demolished in September 1979. The National Limited itself was eliminated a month later, ending about 130 years of intercity rail service in Columbus. The freight yards and servicing facilities located east of

204-612: A result, BMI offered about $ 80 million for various causes, including $ 36.5 million to establish a convention center at the site of Union Station. BMI established the Battelle Commons Corporation in 1974 to handle the project. Battelle Commons Corporation applied for grants to create a transit center as part of the convention center, including from the Urban Mass Transit Administration (UMTA) and Federal Highway Administration . The transit center project

255-623: A single train, the New York- Kansas City National Limited (formerly the Spirit of St. Louis ). The restaurant and newsstand were closed. The demolition and replacement of Union Station dates to a 1969-1975 lawsuit against the Columbus-based Battelle Memorial Institute (BMI). The institute was formed as a nonprofit and still operates as one, though its improper profit uses led to the lawsuit. As

306-510: A site assessment and programming study of three possible Amtrak station locations at or near the Greater Columbus Convention Center. On Greater Columbus Passenger Rail Station Study, which was released in early January 2022, details a plan for the construction of a new downtown two-level station near the intersection of High Street and Nationwide Boulevard. The proposed single platform / single track station could be built at

357-471: A special term like union station is usually not used. The stations are generally owned and operated by DB Station&Service . As another example, Leipzig Hauptbahnhof , the main station of Leipzig , originally consisted of side-by-side parts that were used by the Prussian and Saxonian Railways until the federal Deutsche Reichsbahn was founded in 1920, but were essentially two stations operated separately by

408-439: A unified paid area , where ticket gates are shared between all operators serving the station, or separate paid areas, where different operators have individual paid areas, thus requiring commuters to exit a paid area and then enter another to transfer between different operators. In North America , a union station is usually owned by a separate corporation whose shares are owned by the different railways which use it, so that

459-563: Is a railway station at which the tracks and facilities are shared by two or more separate railway companies , allowing passengers to connect conveniently between them. The term 'union station' is used in North America and 'joint station' is used in Europe. In the U.S., union stations are typically used by all the passenger trains serving a city, although exceptions exist. For example, in Chicago ,

510-456: Is not as familiar or as well understood as "union station" is in the United States. In Japan, such a railway station is referred to as a joint-use station ( 共同使用駅 , Kyōdō shiyō-eki ) . At railway junctions where two or more railway lines operated by different companies meet, the companies may reach an agreement to entrust one of the companies to manage the entire station, resulting in

561-625: Is the focal point of the McFerson Commons park in the nearby Arena District . The first station initially was operated by the Columbus and Xenia Railroad (C&X) and Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad (CC&C), with the Central Ohio Railroad and Columbus, Piqua and Indiana Railroads joining in 1853. In 1864, the Steubenville and Indiana Railroad also began operating at

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612-523: The Central Ohio and Columbus, Piqua and Indiana Railroads entered the city and connected to the station. In 1864, the Steubenville and Indiana Railroad was connected the Central Ohio at Newark, and entered the station on shared tracks. This road was called the "panhandle route" because it crossed the panhandle of West Virginia on its way east. The station was inadequate and in 1868 the railroads formed

663-662: The Fukuoka City Subway 's Kūkō Line . Joint-use stations may also be built at places where railway lines operated by different companies share the same tracks, as is the case from Meguro Station to Shirokane-Takanawa Station in Tokyo , which is shared between the Tokyo Metro Namboku Line and the Toei Mita Line . Depending on the extent of agreements reached by the different operators, joint-use stations may feature

714-554: The Illinois Central and Chicago & North Western depots coexisted with Union Station , and although most Metra commuter trains (and all Amtrak services) continue to use Union Station today, some lines depart from other terminals, such as Ogilvie Transportation Center , LaSalle Street Station , or Millennium Station . The busiest station to be named "Union Station" is Toronto Union Station , which serves over 72 million passengers annually. The first union station building

765-573: The Lodge Freeway beneath the railway tracks. However, due to dwindling ridership, and with the founding of Amtrak , the station closed April 30, 1971, and despite the attempts of preservationists to repurpose the building, was demolished in January 1974. The depot was built in the Romanesque Revival architectural style by architect James Stewart, a follower of Henry Hobson Richardson . "The depot

816-748: The Ohio Hub plan, there are plans to build a new multi-modal station on at least part of the site of the former rail terminal. It is planned to be located between the Ohio Center and the Greater Columbus Convention Center . A future streetcar or light rail line could be built on the west end of the proposed station. Views from c. 1975: In July 2021 the Franklin County Convention Facilities Authority contracted with LMN Architects and HNTB Engineering to conduct

867-699: The State Historic Preservation Office , the National Endowment for the Arts , Department of the Interior , Community Development Block Grants , or General Revenue Sharing Funds. On October 19, 1976, Battelle's trustees decided to demolish the station, stating it would be an "imprudent use of Battelle's money", even though it was noted to be a small portion. The organization gave no warning to outside organizations. The State Historic Preservation Office

918-531: The 1950s to the 1970s. The arcade was demolished in 1976 to make way for a new convention center , although it had been placed on the National Register of Historic Places two years prior. Train service stopped at Union Station in 1977, and the remaining portions of the station were demolished in 1979. The demolished arcade was delisted in 1999. A portion of the arcade was saved, the Union Station arch , which

969-475: The Fort Street facility intermittently. B&O never had its own tracks between Toledo and Detroit. When Pere Marquette (then later C&O which had acquired PM) handled B&O trains north of Toledo, those trains went to Fort Street. When handled by Michigan Central (later New York Central) they went to Michigan Central Station. Upon its opening, the station was located in a transportation district which included

1020-495: The Union Depot Company to undertake a replacement. In May 1873, work was begun on the second union station north of the existing station, and it opened on February 14, 1875. The first station was then demolished. Compared to its wooden predecessor, this new station was far more substantial. Constructed of brick, it had a large waiting room, ticket offices and railroad offices at the front of the structure. Seven tracks entered

1071-572: The Union Pacific railways, which managed the station in Denver, Colorado. Union Station (Columbus, Ohio) Columbus Union Station was an intercity train station in Downtown Columbus, Ohio , near The Short North neighborhood. The station and its predecessors served railroad passengers in Columbus from 1851 until April 28, 1977. The first station building was the first union station in

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1122-421: The arcade was demolished to expand the driveway to the station to better accommodate automobiles. New York Central moved their Toledo and Ohio Central services back to Union Station in 1930. In April 1931, the train shed was replaced with an enclosed concourse. In 1956, Columbus was down to 42 daily passenger trains, the lowest number since 1875. Daily passenger trains fell to 21 in 1962, and just 10 in 1970. It

1173-486: The arcade's loss. Battelle published development plans with the arcade removed as soon as October 24. The arcade's demolition prompted the UMTA to withdraw all $ 6.24 million in funding, stating the act violated the spirit of the law and was inconsistent with UMTA requirements. While the arcade was gone, Union Station continued to serve rail passengers until the morning of April 28, 1977. On that date, Amtrak moved its operations to

1224-491: The arcade. The proposed funding included $ 6.24 million from the UMTA for buildings and platforms, $ 1.05 million from the Federal Railroad Administration for restoring the arcade, and Battelle contributing $ 1.56 million for the building and platforms, and $ 450,000 for the arcade. The combined project was to cost $ 9.3 million. It was noted that Battelle made no effort to find funding from obvious sources including

1275-515: The arches became nesting places for pigeons, while moisture was causing the wood lath to rot. Storefronts were set behind the arches, all vacant by 1973 except a cigar store. Columbus Union Station, as it is recalled today, was the third Union Station in Columbus. The previous two served in the nineteenth century, and their replacement and upgrade reflected the rapid growth in traffic and importance of Columbus' railroads at that time. The subsequent decline in rail passenger traffic following World War II

1326-416: The costs and benefits of its operations are shared proportionately among them. This contrasts with the system of trackage rights or running rights , where one railway company owns a line or facility, but allows another company to share it under a contractual agreement. However, the company that owns the union station and associated trackage does assign trackage rights to the railroads that use it. Many of

1377-565: The establishment of a joint-use station. In contrast, an interchange station ( 乗換駅 , Norikae-eki ) in Japan is where different sections of a station are managed by different companies at the same time. Many joint-use stations in Japan are located at or near the boundary of two railway lines operated by different companies that operate through services to each other, such as Meinohama Station in Fukuoka , where JR Kyushu 's Chikuhi Line meets

1428-758: The jointly owned stations were built by terminal railroads . Examples include the Ogden Union Railway & Depot Company, jointly owned by Southern Pacific and Union Pacific to manage the Ogden Union Station in Ogden, Utah; and the Denver Terminal Railway Company, representing the Denver & Rio Grande Western , Chicago Burlington & Quincy , Atchison Topeka & Santa Fe , Colorado & Southern and Chicago Rock Island & Pacific and

1479-604: The main marshalling yard of Prague . Three routes flowed into it: Pražská spojovací dráha (the Prague Connecting Railroad, 1872), the extension of Buštěhradská dráha from Hostivice (1872) and Pražsko-duchcovská dráha (the Railroad Prague – Duchcov , 1873). Nowadays the "společné nádraží" forms an unremarkable separate platform of the station Praha-Smíchov , known in timetables as "Praha-Smíchov severní nástupiště" (the northern platform). "Společné nádraží"

1530-532: The next day, a temporary restraining order secured by the Ohio Historical Society halted the demolition. The order noted that improper procedures were followed in planning its demolition. Battelle then allowed the historical society 120 days to remove the remaining remnant of the demolition, a single arch left standing; Battelle offered no funds to help preserve or move the arch. COTA's director still expressed his desire for TransCenter to be built, despite

1581-512: The original Michigan Railroad Central Depot two blocks south, and the Detroit and Cleveland Navigation Company nearby on the Detroit River. The station was extensively renovated in 1946, adding a restaurant, fluorescent lighting, a baggage room, train gates and other updated amenities. Urban renewal in the 1950s saw the construction of Cobo Hall to the south of the station, and the tunneling of

Fort Street Union Depot - Misplaced Pages Continue

1632-407: The rest of the site given over to shops and freight tracks. The station had three tracks for loading and unloading of passengers. This station was the first union station in the world, housing multiple railroad companies, although the first Indianapolis Union Station was being planned, and involved more railroad cooperation than the Columbus station had, and a more equal ownership stake. In 1853,

1683-720: The similar term Gemeinschaftsbahnhof is used in administrative language only; it applies for stations with joint facilities as well as for stations with side-by-side facilities; some border stations also fall under that term. The general public often call them " Hauptbahnhof " (main station), but this is a misnomer, as stations administratively classified as "Hauptbahnhof" need not be served by multiple operators. Many major stations in Germany are served by various trains operated by incumbent Deutsche Bahn and other railways that operate local passenger trains, sometimes also by railway companies of neighbor states that operate trans-border connections;

1734-543: The station had been replaced by the construction of the new Buckeye Yard near Hilliard by the Penn Central in the late 1960s. The multitrack yards and shop areas eventually gave way to I-670 in the early 1990s. The viaduct over I-670 was constructed with a cap, and shops lining High Street reminiscent of the long gone arcade. Amtrak has not returned to Columbus since the end of the National Limited. However, as part of

1785-536: The station. Major trains in the 1940s included: Union Station was designed by Daniel Burnham . He was noted at the time as one of the primary architects of the World's Columbian Exposition , which utilized Beaux-Arts designs to resemble a prototype for an ideal city, ushering in the City Beautiful movement . Burnham's use of the style lead to an ornate station, held in awe by Columbus citizens for many years, though by

1836-551: The station; many were long-distance flagship trains of their respective railroads. The Pere Marquette had unnamed service to Bay City via Flint and Saginaw . Parts of the structure are housed at the B&;O Railroad Museum in Baltimore, Maryland . Several large pieces from the station have been saved in a warehouse in nearby Fort Wayne . Union station A union station , union terminal , joint station , or joint-use station

1887-403: The structure and a long train shed kept passengers dry. In 1875, 42 daily passenger trains departed from the station. The City of Columbus continued to grow northward with the opening of Ohio State University in 1870. With the opening of the new union station, thirteen tracks now crossed North High Street. The congestion between train and road traffic became unbearable. In 1875, a $ 45,000 tunnel

1938-477: The time of its deterioration in the 1970s, it was largely overlooked. The two main arched entranceways consisted of recessed semicircular arches, each flanked by four fluted round Corinthian columns. Two angel reliefs were carved into each of the arches' extrados . The arches had friezes, with decorative eagle medallions. Above this was a denticulated cornice, and above that, a wider frieze with triglyphs and alternating medallions with classical busts. Above that

1989-428: The tracks, finally solving the traffic/train problem on North High Street. In 1893 the old station was handling 112 passenger trains per day. The Toledo and Ohio Central Railroad left Union Station in 1896, establishing their own Toledo and Ohio Central Railroad Station . The new station opened in 1897, and the arcade was finished in 1899. The arcade was unique to Columbus and consisted of stores and offices built atop

2040-565: The two neighbors. In Bohemia (part of the territory of the Czech Republic today) some stations were called the "společné nádraží" (the common station) before the state took over the private railway companies. "Praha-Smíchov společné nádraží" is to this day the functional name of the second station built in 1872 by the same investor near the first station Smíchov of the Pražská západní dráha ( Prague Western Railroad ). The new station served as

2091-466: The viaduct and facing High Street. An elevated roadway connected High Street to the station to the east. The station increased the number of depot tracks from seven to nine. The architecture of the station drew on Burnham's experience designing the Chicago World's Fair in 1893. The style was Beaux-Arts Classicism , a late 19th-century style often applied to monumental structures. In May 1928, part of

Fort Street Union Depot - Misplaced Pages Continue

2142-459: The world, built in 1851. Its replacement was built from 1873 to 1875, just before demolition of the first station building. After traffic problems on High Street, as well as increased rail traffic became problematic, a new station was planned by Daniel Burnham beginning in 1893. The new station opened in 1897, and its arcade along High Street was finished in 1899. By 1928, part of the arcade was demolished. Passenger service significantly declined from

2193-676: Was Columbus Union Station in 1851, though Indianapolis Union Station , planned in 1848 and built in 1853, had more elements of a cooperative union station. In most countries in Europe , throughout much of the 20th century, railways have been owned and operated by state enterprises . Where only one railway company exists, there is no need for a "joint station". However, before nationalisation many companies existed and sometimes they had "joint stations". In some cases this persists today. "Joint stations" are often found near borders where two state-owned railway companies meet. In German-speaking countries ,

2244-470: Was another denticulated cornice with gargoyles. The pedestals above the Corinthian columns featured statue groups. The arcade's smaller arches were supported at the spring line by fluted Doric columns. The arches had similar motifs, but were only reached to the base of the larger arches' friezes. Each of the arches had wood lath vaulted ceilings, covered in plaster. By 1973, the plaster was crumbling, and

2295-457: Was built 1845–1848 at Brno . "Společné nádraží" was at Železná Ruda as well, station at border Bavaria – Austro-Hungarian Empire . It was in operation 1878–1938. Nowadays the largest stations are called "hlavní nádraží" (main station). In the United Kingdom , before the railways were nationalised in 1948, stations shared by multiple operators were referred to as "joint stations", but

2346-429: Was built under the tracks to allow streetcars and horsecars to pass under the tracks. An extra mule was stationed at the tunnel entrance to assist horsecars up the steep grade. The tunnel was 150 feet (46 m) long with 550-foot (170 m) approaches on either side. It was so dark and smelly that only the horsecar passengers, who had no other choice, would use it. In 1891 the traffic situation on High Street reached

2397-439: Was clear that the completion of the interstates and popularity of automobiles would soon mean the end of passenger rail service in Columbus. On May 1, 1971, Amtrak took over most of what was left of passenger service in the United States. On January 17, 1974, the station's arcade was listed on the National Register of Historic Places , noted in emergency as plans existed to demolish the structure. Amtrak cut back rail service to

2448-410: Was described by architectural critics as monumental and gutsy, and of being in a solid, aggressive style. W. Hawkins Ferry, in his The Buildings of Detroit, described the station as being of 'robust plastic composition'. Ross and Carlin mention it proudly as 'an ornament to the city' in their Landmarks of Detroit , published before the turn of the century." Several named passenger trains departed from

2499-420: Was not advised, nor was COTA; COTA's executive director stated the public mistakenly blamed it for the demolition. The City of Columbus also stated it was not involved in the decision, but knew Battelle was considering it. Battelle believed the demolition would not block the pending federal funding. At 6 pm on Friday, October 22, 1976, S.G. Loewendick & Sons demolished nearly the entire arcade. By 6 pm on

2550-478: Was reflected in Union Station's demolition and replacement with a convention center in the early 1980s. In 1851, a site north of Naughten Street and east of High Street was purchased jointly from Orange Johnson by the Columbus and Xenia Railroad (C&X) and Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad (CC&C). A wood barn structure measuring 90 by 175 feet (27 by 53 m) was installed to serve passengers,

2601-493: Was supported by the Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA), Columbus's mass transit agency. The proposed hub, titled TransCenter, was to include 2,000 square feet inside the restored Union Station arcade, containing transit information, ticket offices, a bus waiting and loading area, and entranceways to transit below street-level. A new 20,000-square-foot bus facility and COTA office was to be constructed alongside

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