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36-824: The treaty established a Line of Property following the Ohio River that ceded the Kentucky portion of the Virginia Colony to the British Crown , as well as most of what is now West Virginia . The treaty also settled land claims between the Iroquois and the Penn family; the lands acquired by American colonists in Pennsylvania were known as the New Purchase . The purpose of the conference

72-586: A NW direction towards the named confluence (43° 13' 33" N, 75° 32' 39" W) west of present-day Rome, New York, near East Verona, New York. This is a few miles west of Rome, so that Fort Stanwix fell in lands assigned to the Colonials. The line as finally surveyed went through the Hamilton College campus on College Hill just west of Clinton, New York where there are two stone markers. The first clause effectively cedes most of modern-day Kentucky and West Virginia to

108-417: A household in the borough was $ 26,607, and the median income for a family was $ 31,625. Males had a median income of $ 23,667 versus $ 17,344 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $ 11,742. About 17.8% of families and 20.3% of the population were below the poverty line , including 26.3% of those under age 18 and 24.3% of those age 65 or over. The borough is governed by a seven-member council and

144-674: A natural corner point at the big bend in the West Branch of the Delaware. It is probable that this portion of the line was never surveyed before the Revolution, but instead a north-south line (present-day boundary between the towns of Tioga and Owego in Tioga County, New York ) was dropped from Owego to the New York–Pennsylvania border near the 42nd parallel north sometime after this border

180-520: Is a borough in Indiana County, Pennsylvania , United States. The population was 276 at the 2020 census . Cherry Tree was originally known as "Canoe Place" because its location marked the spot where the West Branch of the Susquehanna River was no longer navigable and canoes would have to portage . The latter settlement was known as "Newman's Mills" and later "Grant Post Office". The current name

216-545: Is now Cherry Tree, Pennsylvania . American settlers pushing westward and opportunities for economic development turned the attention of investors and land speculators to the area west of the Appalachians. In response to demands by settlers and speculators, colonial authorities sought further land cessions from the Iroquois and Cherokee. The Treaty of Lochaber with the Cherokee followed in 1770, adjusting boundaries established in

252-791: The Allegheny River joins the Monongahela River to form the Ohio. It then follows the Allegheny River north. For the line from Kittanning, Pennsylvania , to the "nearest fork" of the west branch of the Susquehanna River at Cherry Tree, Pennsylvania , see the article on the Purchase line. From Cherry Tree the line followed the West Branch on its sinuous course due north and then northeast to Clearfield, Pennsylvania , and then meandered through

288-660: The Cherokee and other "Southern" tribes. Although representatives of the Indian nations who occupied these lands, primarily the Shawnee and Delaware , were present at the negotiations in 1768, they were not signatories. They had no fundamental role in the Iroquois' sale of their homeland. The Iroquois hoped that they could take pressure off their home territories in the New York and Pennsylvania areas by releasing Ohio lands. Rather than secure peace,

324-571: The Iroquois tribes . In western Pennsylvania , it is referred to as the Purchase line . As written with original spellings and place names; (modern names in parentheses): The starting point is the confluence of the Tennessee River with the Ohio River at Paducah, Kentucky. The line follows the south bank of the Ohio almost the entire length of Kentucky and all of West Virginia to Pittsburgh where

360-509: The Treaty of Hard Labour , whereby the Cherokee withdrew their claim to parts of the same country, encompassing the south part of present-day West Virginia. Line of Property The Line of Property is the name commonly given to the line dividing Indian lands from those of the Thirteen Colonies , which were established in the 1768 Treaty of Fort Stanwix between British officials and

396-756: The Virginia colony . This line substantially enlarged the Colonial area designated in the Royal Proclamation of 1763 , especially in Pennsylvania. It also included a slice of New York State east of the Unadilla and west of the previous line of settlement near Cherry Valley. Thus the Iroquois ceded only a small area in New York state, a larger area in Pennsylvania, and a huge tract that was in fact south of their area of control. Cherry Tree, Pennsylvania Cherry Tree

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432-525: The " purchase line ", extended from the cherry tree westward to the current site of Kittanning on the Allegheny River . Cherry Tree was a center of the lumber industry in the later 19th century. Cherry Tree is situated mostly in a valley near the headwaters of West Branch of the Susquehanna River where the river is fed by Cush Cushion Creek. The borough is located at 40°43′35″N 78°48′27″W  /  40.72639°N 78.80750°W  / 40.72639; -78.80750 (40.726420, -78.807558) in

468-646: The Alleghenies and Ohio until the 1774 Treaty of Camp Charlotte . Although the Six Nations of New York had previously recognized colonial rights southeast of the Ohio River at the 1752 Treaty of Logstown , they continued to claim ownership (by conquest) over all land as far south as the Tennessee River. They had reserved this territory for decades as a hunting ground. They still considered Tennessee their boundary with

504-654: The Delaware River before reaching the line directly south from the mouth of the Unadilla. The sketch map of 1768 places the Delaware much too far north, and shows the projected east-west line intersecting it below the confluence of the East Branch at Hancock , which is actually considerably to the south of the latitude of Owego. Thus at some point the line was adjusted to the Oquaga Creek/Delaware River confluence (at 42° 03' 27"N) at Deposit, New York , which forms

540-505: The Fort Stanwix treaty helped set the stage for the next round of hostilities between Native Americans and American colonists along the Ohio River, which would culminate in Dunmore's War . The treaty also settled land claims between the Six Nations and the Penn family, the proprietors of Pennsylvania, where the lands acquired in 1768 were referred to as the "New Purchase". Due to disputes about

576-454: The Indians, adding the valley lands from Jersey Shore to Williamsport and a large hunting area at the headwaters of Pine Creek to their portion. From Towanda, the Pennsylvania line followed the East Branch of the Susquehanna River upstream past Tioga Point (present day Athens, Pennsylvania ) and then east to Owego, New York. The section of the line east from Owego is also troublesome, because of

612-548: The Susquehanna from Pine Creek before turning into the hills. The sketch map of 1768 is ambiguous and its geometry is very poor, but it seems to favor the second interpretation. It seems to show a section of the West Branch between what is labeled the Tiadaghton (Pine Creek) and the stream actually followed by the line somewhat to the east; this would appear to be Lycoming Creek. The second interpretation would have been in favor of

648-533: The base of the very prominent north face of Barclay Mountain (which forms the northernmost range of the Endless Mountains ) from Canton, Pennsylvania to Towanda. Then the question is how the line was intended to run from Jersey Shore to Towanda Creek. This creek rises a few miles south of Canton at the watershed divide that marks the tri-point between Tioga County, Pennsylvania , Bradford County, Pennsylvania , and Lycoming County, Pennsylvania . Most likely,

684-445: The borough was 99.32% White and 0.68% African American . Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.68% of the population. There were 142 households, out of which 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.8% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.8% were non-families. 16.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who

720-417: The deep gorges of the Alleghenies past Renovo, Pennsylvania , exiting the mountains into Bald Eagle Valley at Lock Haven, Pennsylvania , and then east-northeast to the confluence with Pine Creek at Jersey Shore, Pennsylvania. The next section of the line is difficult to fix, since the "Burnetts Hills" of the treaty never been positively identified. Also, the distance to follow Pine Creek, let alone which of

756-457: The earlier proclamation line of the Alleghenies (the divide between the Ohio and coastal watersheds), much farther to the west. The line ran near Fort Pitt and followed the Ohio River as far as the Tennessee River , effectively ceding the Kentucky portion of the Virginia Colony to the Crown, as well as most of what is now West Virginia . The British government had recently confirmed ownership of

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792-585: The eastern corner of Indiana County where it intersects with Clearfield and Cambria Counties. According to the United States Census Bureau , the borough has a total area of 0.5 square miles (1.3 km ), all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 443 people, 142 households, and 111 families residing in the borough. The population density was 833.4 inhabitants per square mile (321.8/km ). There were 157 housing units at an average density of 295.3 per square mile (114.0/km ). The racial makeup of

828-578: The faulty geographic references of the negotiators. The line was to follow a straight line from Owego east to the Delaware River and upriver to a point due south of the confluence of the Unadilla River and east branch of the Susquehanna River just west of Sidney, New York . Apparently the surveys of the day were too poor to realize that a line due east from Owego at the Owego Creek/Susquehanna confluence (at 42° 05' 41"N) would not have intersected

864-446: The forks of that Creek to follow, is not specified. The only part of this section that can be definitely established is the lowest (easternmost) portion of Towanda Creek from Monroeton, Pennsylvania to Towanda, Pennsylvania. From Jersey Shore to this point there are two competing interpretations. The first interpretation is that the line was intended to follow the principal (west) branch of Towanda Creek which runs eastward along

900-554: The headwaters of Schrader Creek , a major tributary of Towanda Creek which flows to the south of Barclay Mountain. The line would presumably follow Pleasant Stream upstream from Lycoming Creek at Marsh Hill, Pennsylvania to the watershed divide near Wheelerville in Sullivan County and then down Schrader Creek; this is the route later taken by the Susquehanna and New York Railroad and is the easiest and most direct footpath between

936-550: The lands south and west of the Kanawha to the Cherokee by the Treaty of Hard Labour . During the Fort Stanwix proceedings, the British negotiators were astonished to learn that the Six Nations still maintained a nominal claim over much of Kentucky, which they wanted added into consideration. In addition, the Shawnee did not agree to this treaty, contesting colonial Virginian settlements between

972-483: The line was intended to reach the Towanda Creek headwaters along the headwaters of Lycoming Creek , which flows southwest along the base of Barclay Mountain to Roaring Branch, Pennsylvania , where it is joined by Roaring Branch which itself follows the base of Laurel Hill upstream in the same direction from a watershed divide at Jackson Corners on US 15. This is then the headwaters of Blockhouse Creek which flows in

1008-610: The modern-day boundary between Chenango County, New York (west) and Otsego County, New York (east); the "west branch of the Tianaderha" referred to is not the modern West Branch of the Unadilla that rises near Bridgewater, New York , but rather Beaver Creek a few miles to the west that flows through Brookfield, New York to join the Unadilla near New Berlin, New York; Beaver Creek rises at approximately 42° 55' 11" N, 75° 19' 01" W) near Hobin Corners on US 20. The line then strikes out in

1044-527: The physical boundaries of the settlement, however, the final treaty line would not be fully agreed upon for another five years. The final portion of the Line of Property in Pennsylvania, called the Purchase line in the State, was fixed in 1773 by representatives from the Six Nations and Pennsylvania who met at a spot called Canoe Place at the confluence of West Branch of the Susquehanna River and Cush Cushion Creek in what

1080-479: The same direction into Little Pine Creek, which flows into Pine Creek at Waterville; from there Pine Creek flows down to the West Branch at Jersey Shore, Pennsylvania. A second interpretation is based primarily on the existence of a Burnett's Ridge in Lycoming County on the east of PA14 beginning at Bodines south of Ralston, Pennsylvania and running east into Sullivan County, Pennsylvania ; on its plateau are

1116-492: The two branches of the Susquehanna River. The difficulty with the second interpretation is that it would require the line to follow Lycoming Creek which flows into the West Branch just west of Williamsport, Pennsylvania , not Pine Creek. This would require the identification of "Tiadaghton" with the Lycoming, which is contrary to many other documented uses of the "Tiadaghton" name. The line would then have continued some miles down

Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1768) - Misplaced Pages Continue

1152-451: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.86 and the average family size was 3.24. In the borough the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 18.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 100.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.4 males. The median income for

1188-454: Was officially adopted in 1907 but had been in use informally by local residents for many years before that time. Cherry Tree was named for a large cherry tree that stood at the confluence of Cush Cushion Creek and the West Branch of the Susquehanna River. The tree marked the eastern boundary of the territory acquired by the Penn family from the Six Nations of the Iroquois at the Treaty of Fort Stanwix on November 5, 1768. The boundary, called

1224-534: Was signed on November 5 with one signatory for each of the Six Nations and in the presence of representatives from the colonies of New Jersey , Virginia and Pennsylvania as well as Johnson. The Native American nations present received gifts and cash totaling £10,460 7s. 3d. sterling, the highest payment ever made from the British Crown to Native Americans. The treaty established a Line of Property which extended

1260-484: Was surveyed in 1786, and the Delaware River was followed a few miles upstream (north) from the initial monument of this border near the 42nd parallel north to reach Deposit. The line to the mouth of the Unadilla was then drawn straight from Deposit, a bit east of north. This is the modern-day boundary between Broome County, New York and Chenango County, New York (west or Indian side) and Delaware County, New York (east or Colonial side). The Unadilla River then forms

1296-412: Was to adjust the boundary line between Indian lands and the Thirteen Colonies outlined in the Royal Proclamation of 1763 . The British government hoped a new boundary line might bring an end to the rampant frontier violence between Native Americans and American colonists. Native Americans hoped a new, permanent line might prevent further encroachment of their lands from the colonists. The final treaty

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