44-724: Firozabad district is one of the western districts of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh , which has Firozabad city as its district headquarters. Administratively, the district is a part of the Agra division . The city lies in the cultural region of Braj and was a part of the Surasena Mahajanapada during the Vedic Age . It was subsequently ruled by the bigger kingdoms like the Mauryas, Guptas, Scythians, Kushans, Indo-Greeks before falling into
88-651: A 545-foot span on the Farukkhabad Road. Next to the Kali comes the Isan, which is here a considerable stream, fordable only in a few places during the rainy season. During the remainder of the year the volume of running water is small, and in years of unusual drought there is no apparent stream, but the pools that remain are fed by the springs. During the first part of its course and to within four miles of its junction with Kali Nadi about three miles northwest of Mainpuri, it runs through
132-658: A businessman, connected with the East India Company visited the town on 9 August 1632 and found it in good condition. Etawah , Budaun , Mainpuri and Firozabad were all first class mansabdars of the emperor Farrukhsiyar (r. 1713–1719). The estate of Rajput clans the Labhowa Jhala Hindu Rajas were subdued during the Mughal sultanate which captured many regions in the United Provinces, and by 1680
176-626: A fort near the old tehsil . General Lek and General Vellajally attacked Firozabad in 1802. At the beginning of the British regime Firozabad was in the Etawah district and later attached to the Aligarh district . When Sadabad district was created in 1832, Firozabad was made a part of it then later in 1833 the town came under the aegis of Agra district . In 1847 the lakh business flourished in Firozabad. In 1857,
220-635: A literacy rate of 78.26%. Mainpuri district was formed in 1837, when the massive Etawah district was divided. Mainpuri itself had previously been the seat of Etawah district since 1801, when the British had annexed the territory from the Nawab of Awadh . Another major change was when Etah district was split off in 1845. Several copper harpoons and antenna swords have been found in Ganeshpur village in 2022 which are from Copper Hoard Culture . Mainpuri formed part of
264-502: A loam and usar country, has a comparatively shallow bed, and often overflows the neighbouring lands in times of flooding. The Arind (or Rind as it is called further down its course) is an insignificant stream in this district, which it enters to the north of pargana Mustafabad, between the Etawah and Kanpur branches of the Ganges Canal , and traverses in an exceedingly sinuous course from
308-406: A population density of 1,044 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,700/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 21.62%. Firozabad has a sex ratio of 867 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 74.6%. 33.35% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes make up 18.97% of the population. Languages of Firozabad district (2011) At the time of
352-508: Is 44 km (27 mi) away, Kanpur is 250 km (160 mi) away, Delhi is 250 km (160 mi) away. Nearest Airport is in Agra which is a domestic Airport Nearest Railway station is Firozabad railway station in the center of Firozabad and one in Tundla named as Tundla Junction . Firozabad has a major glass industry producing products that include glass bangles and glass hardware so it
396-624: Is a question? The Hindu culture of the joint family system was once adored in the city, which has slowly disintegrated due to rapid industrial development, urban development, economic issues and social features. The rituals of the Vedic religion manifest themselves in the various festivals that are celebrated in this city. People usually do not consume non-vegetarian food on Thursdays. Its annual Janardhan Swami Temple, and Sivagiri Mutt festivals feature vibrant colors and spiritual expression. These festivals which last for days attract locals and tourists alike by
440-489: Is also known as Suhag Nagari. . Various work is done on bangles in many places known locally as godam . Firozabad district is divided into 4 tehsils and 9 community development blocks , as follows: Firozabad district has 6 statutory towns, including 4 nagar palika parishads (municipal boards) and 2 nagar panchayats . There are also 3 non-statutory census towns in the district. The district's towns are as follows: Districts of Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh ,
484-759: Is also known for the sarus crane ( Grus antigone ). This bird, called krouncha in India, is revered as a symbol of marital fidelity and is celebrated in myth and legend. There are estimated to be 8,000-10,000 sarus cranes in India. Two-thirds of its population resides in the village Andani of Karhal. Another place of interest in the Mainpuri District is the Saman Bird Sanctuary . The Siberian crane comes here in its migration cycle and stays for 3–4 months from November to February. Part-time wildlife photographer Mr. Shashank Raghav has contributed his photos to depict
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#1732855307315528-435: Is composed of Yadav caste. Other dominant castes of the district are Jats and Thakurs . All the following tables are as of 2011. The following table shows how households get their main source of drinking water: The following table shows how households get their main source of lighting: The following table shows how households mainly go to the bathroom: The following table sorts households by whether they have
572-417: Is situated at old Mainpuri. The fort is not a spot of tourist interest. It is the private property of erstwhile raja of two estates, Mainpuri and Lawan (Dausa, Rajasthan) and repaired, maintained and restored by him. Attractions include the parks Phoolbagh and Lohia Park. Phoolbagh is situated at Jail Chauraha while Lohia Park is situated at District Collectorate. Both have green lawns and fountains. Mainpuri
616-426: Is the name for soil containing a large proportion of sand, while matyar is the name of soil containing a large proportion of clay. Between these two is a loamy soil called domat with clay and sand more evenly divided. A lighter soil is known as pilia , coming between domal and bhur . The barren soil known as usher is found at the heads and partly down the courses of the smaller rivers such as Ahnaiya and Puraha,
660-419: The 2011 Census of India , 74.43% of the population in the district spoke Braj Bhasha , 22.63 and 2.57% Urdu as their first language. The local language of the district is Brajbhasha . Firozabad is a primarily rural district, with 66.6% of the population living in rural areas and 33.4% living in urban areas as of 2011. At the sub-district level, this is reversed in the case of Firozabad tehsil, where 63.2% of
704-402: The Agra division of Uttar Pradesh , India . Mainpuri town is the district headquarters. It consists of six tehsils , namely Mainpuri , Bhongaon , Karhal , Kishni , Kurawali and Ghiror. Mainpuri forms part of the ancient legendary region of Lord Krishna 's land called Braj . It is bounded on the north by Etah district , on the east by the districts Farrukhabad and Kannauj , on
748-460: The Sengar and Arind and the numerous minor esteems. It appears to be a clay deposit too compact to permit cultivation in places too impregnated with Reh and other deleterious mineral substances to permit the growth of even grass. Wasteland: The barren land consists for the most part of usar plains. Forests: The total area covered in the district is 2,154 hectares (5,320 acres). A considerable area of
792-405: The Isan. The general slope of the country, is from northwest to southeast, and this is the direction in which the rivers run and which is therefore followed in the main by the drainage. There are however, numerous inequalities of surface caused by the greater or less elevation of the river beds and by sand bridges, and the general disposition of the drainage differs somewhat in different portions of
836-533: The Rajas of Labhowa lost control of Firozabad district. As written by famous Brithish Historian Matthew Atmore in his book Hindu Tribes and Caste, Jadaun Rajputs are here in huge numbers and other cities of Firozabad . Bajirao Peshwa captured Firozabad and Etmadpur in 1737 in the regime of Mohammad Shah . Jat Rulers from Mahawan attacked Faujdar Hakim Kajim at Firozabad where they killed him on 9 May 1739, then went on to rule Firozabad for 30 years. Firozabad
880-496: The US state of West Virginia . This gives it a ranking of 255th in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has a population density of 670 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,700/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.69%. Mainpuri has a sex ratio of 876 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 78.26%. 15.44% of the population lived in urban areas. Scheduled Castes made up 19.71% of
924-567: The appearance of an extensive level plain broken only by the sand ridges on the western border, the rolling sand hills and undulations of the Kali and Isan rivers, and the ravines along the Yamuna to the southwest. The Kali Nadi forms the boundary of this plain on the north and northeast and the Yamuna encloses it on the southwest. Both these rivers flow towards the southeast and between them. The general slope of
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#1732855307315968-405: The barren land is covered with dark jungle. A great deal of wasteland is covered with the coarse grass known locally as ganra ( gandhar ) or sinkh . Ganra is used for thatching and making ropes and mats. The babul grows in large clumps on the usar plains and is, indeed, the only tree which flourishes on them. Its cultivation has for some time been encouraged by the increase of moisture due to
1012-408: The canals and the great demand for wood both for fuel and carpentry. Its timber is hard and close-grained and is used for building purposes, fuel and charcoal. The Kali Nadi forms the northeastern boundary of the district separating it from Etah and Farukkhabad. It is a narrow stream, but perennial, and even during the spring and summer months is only fordable at certain places. There is a bridge with
1056-464: The country is from northwest to southeast, taking the district from north to south. Generally speaking, the soils of the district are typical of those found elsewhere in the Indo-Gangetic plain , and are classified on two principles according to whether the distinctions recognised are natural or artificial. Both are well-understood and commonly employed by the cultivator. Of the natural divisions bhur
1100-449: The district lies on a plain sloping from north west to south. Firozabad has been ranked 1st best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 2 3-10L Population cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results' Firozabad district has good transportation links due to National Highway 19 linking Delhi with Kolkata & Yammuna Express Way passing through it as does the busy railway route from Delhi to Kolkata. Agra
1144-520: The district. In the center tract, which lies highest, the main drainage arteries are the Isan and the Arind. Pargana Karhal has been seriously affected by the canal. The Kali and Isan and their catchment basins all belong to the Ganges system, and all the other rivers to that of the Yamuna. According to the 2011 census Mainpuri district has a population of 1,868,529, roughly equal to the nation of Kosovo or
1188-510: The following possessions: The ethnic city Mainpuri was ruled by the Mughals, Marathas, Afghans and Nawabs in various time periods. Among them, the Mughal and Nawabs vastly influenced the culture of the city. Music, dance, architecture, arts and crafts flourished under their rule. Hindus , Muslims , Jains , Buddhists , Christians and Sikhs were the principal communities residing in the city. How festival created unity among Hindus and Muslims
1232-828: The freedom–fighting Chauhans of Mainpuri, the Jamidar of Chandwar and the local Malahs all took active parts in the Indian Rebellion . Noted Urdu poet Munir Shikohabadi was sentenced to Kala pani by the ruling East India Company. People from this city took part in the Khilafat Movement , the Quit India Movement and the Dandi March with some participants jailed. Mahatma Gandhi visited Firozabad 1929 followed by Semant Gandhi in 1935, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru in 1937 and Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose in 1940. Firozabad district
1276-421: The hands of local Rajput and Jat rulers. Bhadoria Rajputs from Agra and Jats of Bharatpur have ruled the city for some time. It was named after Firoz Shah Mansab Dar in 1566 during the reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar . The 1596 gazetteer of Agra and Mathura records that Firozabad was upgraded to a Pargana then given to Nabab Sadulla as a jagir during the reign of Shah jahan (r. 1627–1658). Mr. Peter,
1320-462: The kingdom of Kanauj , and after its fall it was divided into a number of petty principalities, of which Rapri and Bhongaon were chief. In 1194 Rapri was made the seat of a Muslim governor. Mainpuri fell to the Mughal's on Baber’s invasion in 1526, and, although temporarily wrested from them by the short-lived Afghan dynasty of Shere Shah, was again occupied by them on the reinstatement of Humayun after
1364-453: The more considerable ones, and for the others reference should be made to the accounts of parganas. In all 36,870 acres are recorded in the revenue record as underwater, even the largest, as they are seldom supplied by springs. There is also a long narrow lake of considerable size to the southwest of Mainpuri city, between it and the Kanpur branch of the Ganges canal, which drains by two cuts towards
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1408-449: The most populous state in India , has 75 districts. These districts, most of which have populations above 12 lakhs, are grouped into 18 divisions for administrative convenience. Uttar Pradesh Cabinet Minister and MLA from Aonla , Dharampal Singh demanded new Aonla District to be carved out of Bareilly District . Mainpuri district Mainpuri district is one of the districts in
1452-407: The northwest to the southeast corner. A straight line from its point of entry to its point of exit is almost the longest which could be drawn on the district map. It presents a striking contrast to the Kali and Isan. Mainpuri abounds in swamps and marshes, particularly in its central portion, but few of them are of sufficient size or permanence to be considered lakes. Mention will only be made here of
1496-478: The outbreak of the mutiny in 1857, the regiment stationed at Mainpuri revolted and attacked the town, which was successfully defended by the few Europeans of the station for a week, until the arrival of the Jhansi mutineers made it necessary to abandon the district. Kak Nadi, Senghar Nadi, and Sehar Nadi were some of the rivers in the area which have since dried up. The Mainpuri district is headed by an IAS officer of
1540-569: The population lives in urban areas. All the following tables are as of 2011. The following table shows how households get their main source of drinking water: The following table shows how households get their main source of lighting: The following table shows how households mainly go to the bathroom: The following table sorts households by whether they have the following possessions: The city have some popular Hindu temples mainly Vaishno Devi Dham, Kela Devi Temple, Gopal Ashram (Hanuman Temple). There are many Jain temples in Firozabad including
1584-405: The population. Hindi and Braj Bhasha is the predominant language, spoken by 59.22% and 40.28 of the population. Mainpuri is a predominantly Hindu district, with Muslims as the largest minority. In rural areas Hindus are nearly 96% of the population. There are around 8,800 Buddhists in the district. In Mainpuri, the total population is approximately 12.3 lakh and 35 percent of this population
1628-458: The rank of District Magistrate (DM). The district is further sub-divided into sub-divisions or Tehsils, each headed by a Sub Divisional Magistrate (SDM). These Tehsils are further divided into Blocks , each headed by a Block development officer (BDO). The six sub-divisions or Tehsils in Mainpuri are as follows: The nine Blocks in Mainpuri are as follows: The district generally gives
1672-412: The south by Etawah district and on the west by the districts Firozabad and Etah. It lies between north latitude 260 53′ to 270 31′ and east longitude 780 27′ to 790 26′. According to the 2011 census, Mainpuri district has a population of 1,847,194. The district has a population density of 670 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,700/sq mi). Mainpuri has a sex ratio of 876 females for every 1000 males, and
1716-1072: The thousands. On Tuesdays the city celebrates the birth day of Lord Hanuman . Devotees flock to the local temples to offer prayers. The city fair is held at Sheetla Devi Temple in March or April; the nine days of worshiping the various avatars of the goddess Durga (i.e. Chaitra Navratri ) occurs during these months. During these nine days, many of the locals also keep fasts where they eat only fruits during this period and men do not shave their beards or mustaches. The primary exports from Mainpuri district are agricultural products: wheat, pulses, potatoes, oilseeds and oil, rice, and ghee. Fish are also exported to Kolkata . Some manufactured goods are also exported: glassware, lightbulbs, and leather products. Major imports include cloth, chemicals, utensils, fertilizers, electrical goods, paper, and fuels like petrol and kerosene, as well as general consumer goods. The main commercial centres in Mainpuri district are Shikohabad , Bewar, Kusmara, Sirsaganj, and Ghiror. Fort/Garhi of Mainpuri
1760-496: The victory of Panipat . Like the rest of the lower Doab, towards the end of the 18th century Mainpuri passed into the power of the Maratha Empire and finally became a portion of the province of Oudh . When this part of the country was ceded to the British in 1801, Mainpuri town became the headquarters of the extensive district of Etawah, which was in 1856 reduced by the formation of Etah and Mainpuri into separate collectorates. On
1804-606: The well-known Chadamilal Jain temple, Shri Shuparshnath Jain Mandir in Gher Khokal (Mahaveer Chowk) and Chandprabhu Jain Mandir in Khidki. The two temples of Gherkhokal and Khidki are approximately 250–300 years old. The old name of Chandwar was taken from the idol of Chandprabhu made at the time of Prithviraj Chauhan . Muhammad of Ghor attacked a holy Jain location situated 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from Firozabad 19 times. An annual fair
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1848-628: Was also part of Bharatpur Kingdom.Gajuddin, Hidayat Vaksh (son of Alamgir II ), his nephew and Mirza Baba his son in law, looted Firozabad. Mirza Nabab Khan stayed here until 1782. At the end of 18th century Firozabad was ruled by Himmat Bahadur Gusain with the cooperation of the Raja of Labhowa. The French Army Chief Marathas D. Wayan established an ordnance factory in Firozabad in November 1794, an event that Thomas Traving mentions in his book Travels in India . Marathas appointed his subadar Lakwadads here who built
1892-478: Was established on February 4, 1989 by an executive order passed by the Government of Uttar Pradesh. Previously, the areas had been part of Agra district and Mainpuri district . According to the 2011 census Firozabad district has a population of 2,498,156, roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait or the US state of Nevada . This gives it a ranking of 173rd in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has
1936-571: Was held in Chandwar on October 2 . The Jama Masjid, founded by the 16th century Mughal Emperor Akbar is the oldest mosque . The district borders Etawah district to the north and Mainpuri and Etawah to the east with the Yamuna River forming the southern boundary. The area of the district accounts for about 0.8 per cent of the total area of Uttar Pradesh and 1.1 per cent its population. Approximately 73.6 percent of people live in rural areas. Most of
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