For other uses, see Family Secret (disambiguation) .
40-410: (Redirected from Family Secrets ) Family secret or family secrets can also refer to: Family secret , a secret within a family Family Secrets (novel) , a novel by Norma Klein "Family Secret", a song by Alannah Myles from her 1995 album A-lan-nah Family Secrets (game show) , an NBC daytime game show The Family Secret (1924 film) ,
80-418: A health care professional to share their information with another healthcare professional, even one giving them care—but are advised, where appropriate, about the dangers of this course of action, due to possible drug interactions. However, in a few limited instances, a healthcare worker can share personal information without consent if it is in the public interest. These instances are set out in guidance from
120-450: A 1924 silent film The Family Secret (1951 film) , a 1951 movie starring John Derek and Lee J. Cobb Family Secrets (1984 film) , a television movie starring Stefanie Powers A Family Secret (film) , a 2006 Canadian film starring Ginette Reno A Family Secret (Upstairs, Downstairs) Family Secrets (Canadian TV series) , a 2003 documentary series created and produced by Maureen Judge Family Secrets (2016 TV series) ,
160-555: A Turkish TV series produced by Faruk Turgut Family Secrets (2021 TV series) , a Turkish TV series produced by Kerem Çatay Family Secret (TV series) , a South Koreas television series Family Secrets (Polish TV series) , a 2022 Netflix miniseries "The Family Secret", an episode of TV series In the Heat of the Night The Ladies' Gallery: A Memoir of Family Secrets Operation Family Secrets Topics referred to by
200-561: A client was about to commit murder or assault. The Supreme Court of California promptly amended the California Rules of Professional Conduct to conform to the new exception in the revised statute. Recent legislation in the UK curtails the confidentiality professionals like lawyers and accountants can maintain at the expense of the state. Accountants, for example, are required to disclose to the state any suspicions of fraudulent accounting and, even,
240-893: A familial settings, managing private information is much more challenging as some members can reveal more than is desired to those considered "outsiders". The primary reason individuals tend to keep family secrets is protection, linked to associated feelings of vulnerability when disclosing private information. Individuals may aim to protect themselves, their relationships with other family members and even other people. Familial secrets tend to be concerned with facts as opposed to feelings or thoughts as encompassed under "real happenings or incidents." These secrets can be further categorised into; taboo topics, rule violations and conventional secrets. Taboo Topics are often recognised as secrets on topics that have been stigmatised by society (e.g. addiction, affairs, sexual preference and even divorce). These secrets will often result in negative consequences to
280-507: A family member thinks may cause anxiety may become a family secret. Various psychological theories have emerged in order to understand the decision-making processes that occur in keeping a secret and their consequences on the individuals involved. The model suggest that secret keeping tends to encourage psychological distress that becomes cathartic for the secret-keeper when the information has been disclosed. Individuals may feel cathartic upon sharing but can later come to regret sharing given
320-521: A form of preventing others from experiencing unnecessary pain or even maintain a family's reputation. The effects of keeping a family secret can have positive or negative impacts on individuals involved, although has remained a subject of much debate. Despite the negative implications and associations of holding a family secret, many believe the act is beneficial and even a necessary function of maintaining familial and interpersonal relationships. The act of with-holding or differentially sharing information
360-966: A more severe degree than other types of secrets if they are shared. Rule Violations are recognised as situations in which individuals break familial rules (e.g. breaking curfews, partying or even engaging in reckless driving). Conventional Secrets are categorised as secrets that are considered uncomfortable or inappropriate given certain circumstances (e.g. sex, religion, dating or even grades). More complex family secrets may involve issues such as homosexuality , adultery , infidelity , divorce , mental illness ; crime such as rape or murder ; physical or psychological abuse , child sexual abuse , incest ; sexual violence such as marital rape or pregnancy from rape ; human sexual behavior like premarital pregnancy or teenage pregnancy ; substance abuse including alcoholism . More simple secrets may be personality conflicts, death , religion , academic performance and physical health problems. Any topic that
400-415: A patient's consent to share personal confidential information is assumed. When personal confidential information is shared between healthcare workers, consent is taken as implied. If a patient doesn't want a healthcare worker to share confidential health information, they need to make this clear and discuss the matter with healthcare staff. Patients have the right, in most situations, to refuse permission for
440-488: Is about to, provide the patient directly with healthcare to make sure they get the best possible treatment. They only share information that is relevant to their care in that instance, and with consent. There are two ways to give consent: explicit consent or implied consent . Explicit consent is when a patient clearly communicates to a healthcare worker, verbally or in writing or in some other way, that relevant confidential information can be shared. Implied consent means that
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#1732844723820480-411: Is also linked to the setting of boundaries and alliances which underscore the structures of relational systems. Family members often see keeping the secrets as important to keeping the family working, but over time the secrets can increase the anxiety in the family. The confidentiality of family secrets revealed by a patient is a common ethical dilemma for counsellors and therapists. According to
520-677: Is based in law, in the NHS Constitution, and in key NHS rules and procedures. It is also outlined in every NHS employee's contract of employment and in professional standards set by regulatory bodies. The National AIDS Trust's Confidentiality in the NHS: Your Information, Your Rights outlines these rights. All registered healthcare professionals must abide by these standards and if they are found to have breached confidentiality, they can face disciplinary action. A healthcare worker shares confidential information with someone else who is, or
560-471: Is determined by the use of negative and positive freedom. Some legal jurisdictions recognise a category of commercial confidentiality whereby a business may withhold information on the basis of perceived harm to "commercial interests". For example, Coca-Cola 's main syrup formula remains a trade secret . Confidentiality agreements that "seal" litigation settlements are not uncommon, but this can leave regulators and society ignorant of public hazards. In
600-415: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Family secret A family secret can be defined as "events or information that members hide from each other or those outside the family." Family secrets can be shared by the whole family, by some family members or kept by an individual member of the family. Anecdotally, family secrets may be accepted as
640-479: Is much broader than the attorney–client evidentiary privilege , which only covers communications between the attorney and the client. Both the privilege and the duty serve the purpose of encouraging clients to speak frankly about their cases. This way, lawyers can carry out their duty to provide clients with zealous representation. Otherwise, the opposing side may be able to surprise the lawyer in court with something he did not know about his client, which may weaken
680-464: Is to succeed. First, the information itself, in the words of Lord Greene, M.R. in the Saltman case on page 215, must "have the necessary quality of confidence about it." Secondly, that information must have been imparted in circumstances importing an obligation of confidence. Thirdly, there must be an unauthorised use of that information to the detriment of the party communicating it. The 1896 case featuring
720-503: The good clinical practice inspections in accordance with applicable national and international requirements. A typical patient declaration might read: I have been informed of the benefit that I gain from the protection and the rights granted by the European Union Data Protection Directive and other national laws on the protection of my personal data. I agree that the representatives of the sponsor or possibly
760-510: The therapeutic alliance , as it promotes an environment of trust. There are important exceptions to confidentiality, namely where it conflicts with the clinician's duty to warn or duty to protect . This includes instances of suicidal behavior or homicidal plans, child abuse , elder abuse and dependent adult abuse . Information shared by a client with a therapist is considered as privileged communication , however in certain cases and based on certain provinces and states they are negated, it
800-558: The General Medical Council, which is the regulatory body for doctors. Sometimes the healthcare worker has to provide the information – if required by law or in response to a court order. The National AIDS Trust has written a guide for people living with HIV to confidentiality in the NHS. The ethical principle of confidentiality requires that information shared by a client with a therapist isn't shared without consent, and that
840-486: The New Jersey and Virginia Rules of Professional Conduct, Rule 1.6. In some jurisdictions, the lawyer must try to convince the client to conform his or her conduct to the boundaries of the law before disclosing any otherwise confidential information. These exceptions generally do not cover crimes that have already occurred, even in extreme cases where murderers have confessed the location of missing bodies to their lawyers but
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#1732844723820880-496: The U.S. state of Washington, for example, journalists discovered that about two dozen medical malpractice cases had been improperly sealed by judges, leading to improperly weak discipline by the state Department of Health. In the 1990s and early 2000s, the Catholic sexual abuse scandal involved a number of confidentiality agreements with victims. Some states have passed laws that limit confidentiality. For example, in 1990 Florida passed
920-419: The client's position. Also, a distrustful client might hide a relevant fact he thinks is incriminating, but that a skilled lawyer could turn to the client's advantage (for example, by raising affirmative defenses like self-defense). However, most jurisdictions have exceptions for situations where the lawyer has reason to believe that the client may kill or seriously injure someone, may cause substantial injury to
960-433: The context or individual shared to. This may be true in cases where one parent reveals a negative secret about the other parent that may be considered inappropriate for a child to hear. This model suggests keeping a secret from someone close, such as a family member, cognitive effort must be actively and deliberately exerted in order to avoid accidentally disclosing it. Suppressing a secret may result in an obsession towards
1000-595: The doctor. Confidentiality is commonly applied to conversations between doctors and patients. Legal protections prevent physicians from revealing certain discussions with patients, even under oath in court. This physician-patient privilege only applies to secrets shared between physician and patient during the course of providing medical care. The rule dates back to at least the Hippocratic Oath , which reads in part: Whatever, in connection with my professional service, or not in connection with it, I see or hear, in
1040-457: The early work of Karpel, a typology of secrets emerges through the boundaries created in keeping and sharing family secrets. There are three major types of secrets under the classification: The concealment of family secrets is partially explained through the communication privacy management theory . The theory argues that people like to conceal information in order to avoid feeling vulnerable and maintain control over their personal information. In
1080-498: The financial interest or property of another, or is using (or seeking to use) the lawyer's services to perpetrate a crime or fraud. In such situations the lawyer has the discretion, but not the obligation, to disclose information designed to prevent the planned action. Most states have a version of this discretionary disclosure rule under Rules of Professional Conduct, Rule 1.6 (or its equivalent). A few jurisdictions have made this traditionally discretionary duty mandatory. For example, see
1120-399: The health authorities can have access to my medical records. My participation in the study will be treated as confidential. I will not be referred to by my name in any report of the study. My identity will not be disclosed to any person, except for the purposes described above and in the event of a medical emergency or if required by the law. My data will be processed electronically to determine
1160-576: The information that is shared and what is held secret by members. Families who are more secretive with each other, carefully guard information about their beliefs or financial states, are likely to encourage different relationships among members who openly discuss these matters with those outside of the family. Family secrets may also encourage positive effects within families. By concealing certain information, individuals are able to maintain their existing relationships with family members and in some cases even strengthen them by maintaining kinship ties through
1200-516: The knowledge of the patient's parents. Many states in the U.S. have laws governing parental notification in underage abortion. Confidentiality can be protected in medical research via certificates of confidentiality . Due to the EU Directive 2001/20/EC , inspectors appointed by the Member States have to maintain confidentiality whenever they gain access to confidential information as a result of
1240-450: The legitimate use of tax saving schemes if those schemes are not already known to the tax authorities. The "three traditional requirements of the cause of action for breach of confidence" were identified by Megarry J in Coco v A N Clark (Engineers) Ltd (1968) in the following terms: In my judgment, three elements are normally required if, apart from contract, a case of breach of confidence
Family Secret (disambiguation) - Misplaced Pages Continue
1280-554: The life of men, which ought not to be spoken of abroad, I will not divulge, as reckoning that all such should be kept secret. Traditionally, medical ethics has viewed the duty of confidentiality as a relatively non-negotiable tenet of medical practice. Confidentiality is standard in the United States by HIPAA laws, specifically the Privacy Rule, and various state laws, some more rigorous than HIPAA. However, numerous exceptions to
1320-594: The outcome of this study, and to provide it to the health authorities. My data may be transferred to other countries (such as the USA). For these purposes the sponsor has to protect my personal information even in countries whose data privacy laws are less strict than those of this country. In the United Kingdom information about an individual's HIV status is kept confidential within the National Health Service . This
1360-710: The police are still looking for those bodies. The U.S. Supreme Court and many state supreme courts have affirmed the right of a lawyer to withhold information in such situations. Otherwise, it would be impossible for any criminal defendant to obtain a zealous defense. California is famous for having one of the strongest duties of confidentiality in the world; its lawyers must protect client confidences at "every peril to himself [or herself]" under former California Business and Professions Code section 6068(e). Until an amendment in 2004 (which turned subsection (e) into subsection (e)(1) and added subsection (e)(2) to section 6068), California lawyers were not even permitted to disclose that
1400-427: The royal accoucheur Dr William Smoult Playfair showed the difference between lay and medical views. Playfair was consulted by Linda Kitson; he ascertained that she had been pregnant while separated from her husband. He informed his wife, a relative of Kitson's, in order that she protect herself and their daughters from moral contagion. Kitson sued, and the case gained public notoriety, with huge damages awarded against
1440-483: The rules have been carved out over the years. For example, many American states require physicians to report gunshot wounds to the police and impaired drivers to the Department of Motor Vehicles. Confidentiality is also challenged in cases involving the diagnosis of a sexually transmitted disease in a patient who refuses to reveal the diagnosis to a spouse, and in the termination of a pregnancy in an underage patient, without
1480-440: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Family Secret . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Family_Secret_(disambiguation)&oldid=1216352932 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1520-431: The secret. This creates a cyclical cycle once set in motion. It may be felt to a greater degree when keeping a secret from a family member, especially when in close proximity as greater cognitive effort must be expended on thought suppression. The intrusive thinking will wear on an individual's well-being as a result Family secrets can affect the relationships within a family as familial relationships are shaped party by
1560-402: The sharing of information would be guided by ETHIC Model: Examining professional values, after thinking about ethical standards of the certifying association, hypothesize about different courses of action and possible consequences, identifying how it and to whom will it be beneficial per professional standards, and after consulting with supervisor and colleagues. Confidentiality principle bolsters
1600-415: The telling of secrets within the family. Confidentiality Confidentiality involves a set of rules or a promise usually executed through confidentiality agreements that limits the access to or places restrictions on the distribution of certain types of information . By law, lawyers are often required to keep confidential anything on the representation of a client. The duty of confidentiality
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