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56-512: The FJR1300 was introduced to Europe in 2001, before arriving in North America in 2002, with the 2003 model year designation, and offered in a non-ABS version only. The 2003 model garnered several awards in the sport touring category from various magazines. The 2004 North American models included both a non-ABS version with traditional blue anodized brake calipers and a new ABS version with silver calipers. Other refinements included an upgrade to

112-714: A color-coordinated top box to name but a few. Many riders equip their bikes with a servo-operated cruise control system. There are several providers supplying the market. 2013 and later models have cruise control standard. In 2008 in Ireland it replaced the Honda ST1100 Pan-European and the BMW R1150RT in the Traffic Corps of Ireland's National Police Force, the Garda Síochána , and stayed in service until 2016 when it

168-510: A curved radiator exhibiting a larger surface area, instrumentation changes, an upgraded alternator and significant attention to airflow changes to deal with reported heat issues in previous years. Yamaha added adjustable vents to the FJR1300, allowing the rider to direct air closer to or away from the body. Starting with the 2006 models Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS) and a linked braking scheme Yamaha calls 'Unified Braking System' (UBS) became standard. Also,

224-403: A glovebox or electrical outlet; while model years 2004 and 2005 have glove boxes, they do not include the electrical outlet. As well, 2006 and later models have larger alternators and so can support more electrical accessories than their predecessors. The FJR1300 has an electrically adjusted windshield controlled by a rocker switch on the handlebars. In Generation I and Gen II models, by default

280-409: A model option known as the 'ES'. The dash was revised to include three user-customizable informational pages. In addition to new controls for D-Mode and cruise control, several hand controls were changed. Mechanically, the engine was given plated-on (rather than pressed in) cylinder linings for better heat dissipation. The ECU is new and now employs Yamaha Chip Controlled Throttle (YCCT) system, which

336-424: A model year up to two years before the date that the vehicle was manufactured. In other countries, it is more common to identify specific vehicles by their year and month of production, and cars of a particular type by their generation, using terms such as "Mark III" or by the manufacturer's code for that kind of car (such as "BL" being the code for a Mazda 3 built between November 2008 and June 2013). In Europe,

392-491: A new model being coordinated with the launch of the new television season in late September, because of the heavy dependence between television to offer products from automakers to advertise, and the car companies to launch their new models at a high-profile time of year. Imported cars use the model year convention in the U.S. and Canada, even when this system is not used for the same cars when sold in other countries. The concept of yearly styling updates (a practice adopted from

448-404: A set of manually-operated push-buttons on the left handlebar, or via the standard foot-operated gear-shift lever. The clutch is controlled by engine power; when shifting gears, the computer momentarily reduces the fuel feed and a solenoid performs the gear change; gear shifts are performed in approximately 0.2 seconds. The gearbox pattern is also unconventional in that neutral is at the bottom end of

504-597: A transverse mounted two stroke engine, and this design was kept until the end of production, in 1991. However, it was with Alec Issigonis 's Mini , introduced by the British Motor Corporation in 1959, that the design gained acclaim. Issigonis incorporated the car's transmission into the engine's sump , producing a drivetrain unit narrow enough to install transversely in a car only 4 feet (1.2 m) wide. While previous DKW and Saab cars used small, unrefined air-cooled two-stroke engines with poor performance,

560-461: Is a method of describing the version of a product which has been produced over multiple years. The model year may or may not be the same as the calendar year in which the product was manufactured. Automobiles in the United States and Canada are identified and regulated by model year, whereas other markets use production date (month/year) to identify specific vehicles, and model codes in place of

616-442: Is a ride-by-wire system. The implementation on the FJR1300 includes 'D-Mode', which incorporates two driving modes, 'sport' and 'touring', the primary difference being smoothness of throttle response. In addition to that, the new ECU incorporates as standard has an integrated Traction Control System (TCS) which can be disabled and cruise control. Cruise control is limited to 80 mph in 2013 (raised in 2014 to 100 mph). In 2014

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672-508: Is not restricted to such designs and has also been used on armoured fighting vehicles to save interior space. The Critchley light car , made by the Daimler Motor Company in 1899, had a transverse engine with belt drive to the rear axle. The first successful transverse-engine cars were the two-cylinder DKW F1 series of cars, which first appeared in 1931. During WWII, transverse engines were developed for armored vehicles, with

728-459: Is that the new clutch can be retro-fitted to prior models of the FJR1300 if owners are so inclined The frame of the FJR1300 is a twin-spar design manufactured from aluminum alloy ; the engine is a fully stressed member. The FJR1300 has a standard 12 volt, negative ground electrical system. The 2006 and later models have a fused, switched cigarette-lighter style accessory jack in the left central locking glovebox. The 2003 U.S. model does not have

784-457: Is via shaft , encased within the swingarm , which has mono-shock suspension with a remote quick-set two-position adjustable pre-load. The FJR1300AE/AS model has an electrically-actuated gearshift and an EFM auto-clutch – together, Yamaha calls this system YCC-S . It is a semi-automatic transmission , so there is no hand-operated clutch lever. Instead, the YCC-S system allows the rider to shift using

840-678: The Ford Model A began production in October 1927 and the 1955 model year of the Ford Thunderbird began production in September 1954. Model year followed with calendar year until the mid 1930s until then president Franklin D. Roosevelt signed an executive order to release vehicle model years in the fall of the preceding year in order to standardize employment in the automotive industry. The practice of beginning production of next year's model before

896-618: The Yellow Coach 719, using Dwight Austin's V-drive; they continued in common use until the 1990s, though shorter V-configuration engines in a longitudinal "T-drive" configuration became common in the 1960s. Transverse engines were also used in the British Leyland Atlantean , in many transit buses, and in nearly all modern double decker buses . They have also been widely used by Scania , MAN , Volvo and Renault 's bus divisions. Engines may be placed in two main positions within

952-539: The "year" (model year) in the North American make-model-year identifier. In technical documents generated within the auto industry and its regulating agencies such as the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and United States Environmental Protection Agency and Transport Canada and Environment Canada , the letters MY often precede the year (as in MY2019 or MY93 ). Even without this prefix, however, in

1008-451: The ABS system. Further refinements in the throttle control were introduced with the 2009 model. For 2012 the previously optional heated handgrips became standard. For 2013 the FJR1300 received a substantial number of updates, becoming the 'Gen-III' version. Bodywork is all new on the front half of the bike for better airflow and engine heat management, and a new faster-acting windshield mechanism

1064-770: The FJR1300 split off into two models: the FJR1300A and the FJR1300ES. The FJR1300ES adds inverted forks and electronically adjustable suspension over the FJR1300A. Both models include an update in which the cruise control programming was changed to raise the maximum set-speed from 83MPH to 100MPH. The suspension on the ES model can be adjusted via a menu system built into the gauge cluster. The front forks have adjustable damping, with three main settings (Soft, Standard, Hard) and seven adjustments within each level for fine-tuning. The rear shock has electronically adjustable preload, with four settings. While

1120-710: The FJR1300AS model (FJR1300AE in the U.S.A. and Canada) was introduced which had a semi-automatic transmission . The AE variant was discontinued for 2010, although the AS model continued to be sold in markets outside of the US and Canada. For 2007, some very minor changes were made to the ECU to deal with potential issues related to altitude changes under certain circumstances. In 2008 changes were made to throttle 'feel', to improve low speed on/off throttle transitions. As well as Yamaha changed suppliers for

1176-590: The Minx Series IIIA, IIIB and IIIC) to distinguish what were mostly cosmetic updates rather than mechanical or structural improvements. As in America, the British motor industry did generally announce new models (or updates to existing ones) in September. However this was the norm long before it became practice in the US and did not originate with the television season. Instead it began because the long-established practice in

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1232-708: The NFL Super Bowl in February. A notable example of an early model year launch would be the Ford Mustang , introduced as an early 1965 model (informally referred to as "1964 1 ⁄ 2 ") in April 1964 at the World's Fair , several months before the usual start of the 1965 model year in August 1964. For recreational vehicles , the U.S. Federal Trade Commission allows a manufacturer to use

1288-463: The North American context it is usually the model year rather than the vehicle's calendar year of production that is being referred to. The new model year typically begins in August to September of the preceding calendar year, though can be as early as February, such being the case for the fourth generation 2022 Acura MDX , which started production in January 2021. This was partly due to the advertising of

1344-593: The Soviet T-44 and T-54/T-55 tanks being equipped with transverse engines to save space within the hull. The T-54/55 eventually became the most produced tank in history. After the Second World War , Saab used the configuration in their first model, the Saab 92 , in 1947. The arrangement was also used for Borgward 's Goliath and Hansa brand cars. The East German -built Trabant , which appeared in 1957, also had

1400-526: The U.S. and Canada are the A (standard), AE (with electronic suspension and cornering LEDs), and AS (which has the features of the AE and also includes the YCC-S system replacing the gear shift actuator and clutch). The FJR1300 has a 1,298 cc (79.2 cu in) transverse -mounted inline-four engine with four valves per cylinder. The FJR1300 uses a five-speed sequential manual gearbox (six-speed from 2016 model onwards) with wide-ratio gears. The final-drive

1456-556: The United States have also made the switch due to the Yamaha's ruggedness, dependability, and control. Butte-Silver Bow Police Department in Montana, several smaller agencies in South Carolina and others have gone to the Yamaha for price and performance compared to other police motorcycle manufacturers. Model year The model year (sometimes abbreviated as MY )

1512-492: The center of gravity up to about knee height for an average rider, while the EVS package kept the original Yamaha designed center of gravity, at slightly above the ankle. Yamaha's factory FJR1300 police edition was formally introduced into the United States in 2018. The US version does not have the ES electronically controlled suspension, opting for a more traditional suspension setup. They have taller front windscreens, wind deflectors on

1568-423: The civilian version of the machine for police service. Enforcement Motors removed the Yamaha crash bars, rear trunk, and foot wind deflectors, opting for larger "canyon cages", a larger and heavier aluminum fabricated trunk and large lights mounted high. EVS opts for keeping the factory Yamaha parts, with a much narrower overall body, and adding lighting to flow with the motorcycle. The Enforcement Motors package moved

1624-519: The damping can be adjusted on the fly, the preload can only be changed while stopped. In December 2015 Yamaha revised the FJR for 2016 giving the machine a 6-speed transmission (both in standard and auto-shift versions), slipper/assist clutch, LED headlights and taillights, and a revised instrument cluster data layout. On the auto-shift and Electronically adjustable suspension versions progressive LED cornering lights were added as well. Current sub-models outside

1680-406: The dealerships ready for sale. Therefore, car models intended for sale during, say, 1960, would be announced and displayed in the third quarter of 1959, with sales beginning before the end of the year, and any improvements intended for 1961 would be announced in September 1960 and displayed at the 1960 Motor Show in October. This convention was not absolute; for instance the original Vauxhall Victor

1736-441: The direction of travel. Many modern front-wheel drive vehicles use this engine mounting configuration. Most rear-wheel drive vehicles use a longitudinal engine configuration, where the engine's crankshaft axis is parallel with the direction of travel, except for some rear-mid engine vehicles, which use a transverse engine and transaxle mounted in the rear instead of the front. Despite typically being used in light vehicles, it

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1792-424: The end of the year has become a long-standing tradition in America. For purposes such as VINs and emissions control , regulations allow cars of a given model year to be sold starting on January 2 of the previous calendar year. For example, a 2019 model year vehicle can legally go on sale starting January 2, 2018. This has resulted in a few cars in the following model year being introduced in advertisements during

1848-476: The engine to its gearbox by a shaft and set the differential off-center so that it could be connected to the gearbox more easily. The half shafts from the differential to the wheels therefore differed in length, which would have made the car's steering asymmetrical were it not for their torsional stiffness being made the same. Giacosa's layout was first used in the Autobianchi Primula in 1964 and later in

1904-455: The factory). The handlebars are position adjustable, with 3 settings, and the seat is adjustable to high or low, with about an inch between the two. Locking side panniers are supplied as standard in most markets and some markets include cloth 'liners' which can be used as a carry-all for the contents of the cases. Each case will take a full-face helmet. Factory options include foot protectors, handguards, fairing protectors, larger windshield, and

1960-406: The fashion industry) was introduced to General Motors' range of cars by Alfred P. Sloan in the 1920s. This was an early form of planned obsolescence in the car industry, where yearly styling changes meant consumers could easily discern a car's newness, or lack of it. Other major changes to the model range usually coincided with the launch of the new model year., for example the 1928 model year of

2016-537: The gearbox-in-sump arrangement meant that an 848 cc four-cylinder water-cooled engine could be fitted to the Mini, providing strong performance for a car of its size. Coupled to the much greater amount of interior space afforded by the layout (the entire drivetrain only took up 20% of the car's length), this made the Mini a genuine alternative to the conventional small family car. This design reached its peak starting with Dante Giacosa 's elaboration of it for Fiat . He connected

2072-457: The handguards, and wind deflectors mounted by the feet. The rear trunk and crash bars are Yamaha Police specific. The 1300P has ABS with linked braking and integrated siren and light controls for police equipment. The engine power output is the same as the civilian versions, at 124 wheel horsepower and 99.9 wheel foot lbs of torque. The US versions are the newer 6 speed motorcycles with LED lighting. Multiple jurisdictions have tested and switched to

2128-472: The in-roads made to the British market by car makers from other countries and the decline in market share by British firms finally led to the tradition of new models being introduced in September being abandoned, although the British Motor Show continued to be held in October. The standardized format of the vehicle identification number (VIN) used in the United States and Canada includes the model year of

2184-734: The lesser use of model years as a descriptor is partly because since the 1980s many vehicles are introduced at the Geneva Motor Show in March, the Frankfurt Motor Show in September or the Paris Motor Show in September. New models have increasingly been launched in June or July. As with the rest of Europe, the motor industry in the United Kingdom did not regularly make use of model years in

2240-476: The manufacturing industries of the English Midlands , especially Coventry and Birmingham where the British car industry developed out of the established bicycle and machine tool trades, was to close factories and give workers a two-week holiday in August or September. This was used as a chance to renew tooling in the factory and was an ideal time to introduce new products which would begin production when

2296-513: The motor car: Space allowed for engines within the front wheel wells is commonly limited to the following: The description of the orientation of V-twin and flat-twin motorcycle engines sometimes differs from the convention as stated above. Motorcycles with a V-twin engine mounted with its crankshaft parallel to the direction of travel, e.g. the AJS S3 V-twin , Indian 841 , Victoria Bergmeister , Honda CX series and several Moto Guzzis since

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2352-614: The motorcycle for its comfort, handling, acceleration, and factory integrated controls of police equipment. The St George Police department in St George Utah, as well as the Logan Police Department in Logan Utah have both switched to the motorcycles. The St George Police Department runs the motorcycles year round, on every day of the year except severe weather, due to the desert climate it is located in. Several other agencies across

2408-780: The police force of Trinidad and Tobago including the units in the convoy of the President and the Prime Minister. It is also used as the standard patrol motorcycle of the Royal Netherlands Marechaussee . The Danish, French and Australian Federal Police, the Lithuanian Police and the Spanish Guardia Civil also use the FJR1300. Vietnamese Police only use for special events like Xi Jinping visit or Trump - Kim summit. Both outfitters had different styles in modifying

2464-441: The popular Fiat 128 . With the gearbox mounted separately to the engine, these cars were by necessity larger than the Mini, but this proved to be no disadvantage. This layout, still in use today, also provided superior refinement, easier repair and was better-suited to adopting five-speed transmissions than the original Issigonis in-sump design. The Lamborghini Miura used a transverse mid-mounted 4.0-litre V12 . This configuration

2520-464: The range; otherwise, the gearbox is identical to the A model. The ECU automatically controls the electronic clutch and the ignition timing to ensure smooth gear shifting, and will actuate the clutch at standstill. Stalling the engine is normally not possible. The 2016 model, introduced in December 2015, has a 6-speed transmission and the traditional-shift models are equipped with a slipper clutch. Of note

2576-425: The same official weight or significant to buyers as they did in America. During the 1960s British car makers began giving journalists access to upcoming models earlier in the year to get announcements out ahead of their rivals and clear of the busy September period. This developed into increasingly lavish and sophisticated media and marketing events happening earlier and earlier in the year. Changes to working practices,

2632-652: The shield returns to its lowest position when the key is off, however some riders choose to disable the 'return' function. In the Gen III model, the windshield maintains its position until changed with the rocker switch, even when the ignition is turned off. A number of changes were made beginning with the 2006 model year, including adding a rider-adjustable airflow system. All Gen-II AE/AS models (and some A models, depending on year and market) have standard integrated heated handlebar grips with speed-sensitive adjustment (available as an aftermarket OEM kit for models not so equipped by

2688-452: The suspension rates, 320 mm front brake discs (was 298 mm), and a fairing pocket for small items. The 2005, North American model year remained structurally unchanged with a non-ABS and ABS model. In 2006, the U.S. and rest of the world model years synchronized with the introduction of what has become known as the 'Gen-II' version of the machine. The design changes included significant trailing arm changes, revised final drive ratio,

2744-455: The vehicle as the 10th digit. The actual date that the vehicle was produced is not part of the VIN, but it is required to be shown on the vehicle safety certification label. In addition to automobiles, some other products that often have model years include: Transverse engine A transverse engine is an engine mounted in a vehicle so that the engine's crankshaft axis is perpendicular to

2800-542: The vehicle. This has also allowed for improved safety in a frontal impact, due to more longitudinal engine compartment space being created. The result is a larger front crumple zone . Transverse engines have also been widely used in buses. In the United States, they were offered in the early 1930s by Twin Coach and used with limited success in Dwight Austin's Pickwick Nite-Coach. Transverse bus engines first appeared widely in

2856-606: The way common in the US, since cars were not as regularly updated or altered. Some exceptions existed; for instance in the 1950s and 1960s the Rootes Group deliberately copied American practice and performed annual small alterations to its key models such as the Hillman Minx and the Humber Super Snipe . However these were still not identified by model years but by Series numbers, sometimes with alphabetical designations (such as

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2912-463: The workers returned and the factory restarted. Thus the working year in the car industry ran from September to September. New or improved models would be announced in the summer and would be displayed at the British Motor Show which was held in October. Here they would be seen by the wider industry and buying public for the first time, just as the cars produced in the previous weeks began reaching

2968-409: Was introduced. Front turn signal/position lights are now LEDs and there are LED accent lights around the headlights, and there is now one horn instead of two on prior years. In markets outside the US and Canada, the AS (AutoShift) model received an electrically adjustable suspension and inverted front forks - those suspension changes were introduced into the North American models in the following year as

3024-628: Was itself replaced by the BMW R1200RT. In the UK, the FJR1300 has replaced the Honda ST1300 Pan-European as the patrol motorcycle with several police forces, following that model's withdrawal due to concerns over high-speed handling. In addition the FJR is used by the Blood Bikes organisation, volunteers who move blood and or organs around the UK between hospitals. The FJR is the patrol vehicle used by

3080-603: Was officially announced in February 1957 with sales beginning later the same month, and subsequent additions and updates to the Victor range were all introduced in February - notably Vauxhall's factory was outside the traditional centre of the industry, being in Luton , and so did not follow the common working calendar. Being owned by General Motors , Vauxhall also generally made minor changes to its cars year by year, even referring to 'model years' in some of its literature, but these did not have

3136-463: Was unheard of in 1965, but became more common in the following decades, with cars such as the Lancia Montecarlo , Noble M12 , Toyota MR2 , Pontiac Fiero , and first-generation Honda NSX using such a powertrain design. The Land Rover LR2 Freelander , along with all Volvo models from 1998 on (including V8 models), employ a transversely-mounted engine in order to increase passenger space inside

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