77-628: Esher ( / ˈ iː ʃ ər / EE -shər ) is a town in the borough of Elmbridge in Surrey , England, to the east of the River Mole . Esher is an outlying suburb of London , close to the London–Surrey border; with Esher Commons at its southern end, the town marks one limit of the Greater London Built-Up Area . Elevations range from 10m to 47m above sea level . Esher has
154-578: A Peelite–Whig coalition under Lord Aberdeen . When Aberdeen's administration fell in 1855, Queen Victoria asked Derby to form a government. Much to the consternation of some sections of his party, including Disraeli, Derby declined this offer, believing that he would be in a position to form a stronger government after a short-lived failed administration led by one of the Conservative Party's rivals such as Lord John Russell or Lord Palmerston . In 1858, Derby formed another minority government upon
231-524: A linear commercial high street and is otherwise suburban in density, with varying elevations, few high rise buildings and very short sections of dual carriageway within the ward itself. Esher covers a large area, between 13 and 15.4 miles southwest of Charing Cross . In the south it is bounded by the A3 Portsmouth Road which is of urban motorway standard and buffered by the Esher Commons. Esher
308-638: A minority government in February 1852 following the collapse of Lord John Russell 's Whig Government. In this new ministry, Benjamin Disraeli was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer . With many senior Conservative ministers having followed Peel, Derby was forced to appoint many new men to the office of the Cabinet, only three were pre-existing Privy Counsellors . When the aged Duke of Wellington , by then very deaf, heard
385-399: A 1960s building, as its headquarters, retaining Sandown House as additional offices. The new Civic Centre was built on land behind Sandown House, which has since been converted into flats, whilst Walton Town Hall has been demolished. In common with the nearby Surrey boroughs of Spelthorne and Epsom and Ewell , much of Elmbridge is a continuation of the built-up area of suburban London, and
462-452: A bridge, being a play on the district's name. 51°22′12″N 0°21′42″W / 51.3700°N 0.3618°W / 51.3700; -0.3618 Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby#Family Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby , (29 March 1799 – 23 October 1869), known as Lord Stanley from 1834 to 1851 , was a British statesman and Conservative politician who served three times as Prime Minister of
539-586: A central feature of Esher's High Street with four screens. Esher Cricket Club was established in 1863. They play matches in the Esher Park private estate, in New Road and have a youth cricket training and playing squad. The members of the cricket club also wanted to play tennis and established the Esher Lawn Tennis Club in 1889. A second cricket club arrived in 1875 as West End (Esher) Cricket Club. Esher has
616-450: A course of action that was aimed at building up power through financial strength, seeking to avoid wars at all costs, co-operating with other powers, and working through the Concert of Europe to resolve diplomatic problems. This contrasted sharply with the policy of military strength and prestige that Disraeli would later pursue, and Derby's very different take on foreign policy could be seen as
693-835: A four-year term of office. Surrey County Council elections are held in the fourth year of the cycle when there are no borough council elections. The council is based at the Civic Centre, off the High Street in the centre in Esher, which was purpose-built for the council in 1991. When the council was created in 1974 it inherited offices at the Town Hall on New Zealand Avenue in Walton-on-Thames from Walton and Weybridge Urban District Council, and at Sandown House at 1 High Street from Esher Urban District Council. It initially used Walton Town Hall,
770-500: A history with horse racing since the purpose-built Sandown Park race course opened in 1875. In 1881 Esher Leopold football club was established which was formed out of the ashes of the dissolved Weybridge Swallows club. The club played at Sandown Park, close to the racecourse . The club's sole contribution to the national game was its one appearance in the FA Cup , a 5–0 home defeat to the holders, Old Carthusians , in 1881–82 , although
847-506: A house (named Kinfauns ) in Esher, during the 1960s. The other Beatles were regular visitors to the house, and Harrison's primitive home recording studio . Maurice Gibb of the Bee Gees owned a home called The Firs in Esher, during 1970s–2004 and sold after his death. This is where the hit single " Juliet " was written and recorded by Maurice and Robin Gibb for brother Robin's solo album project in
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#1732847596281924-494: A loan compares to the regional average of 32.5%. The remaining % is made up of rented dwellings (plus a negligible % of households living rent-free). Borough of Elmbridge Elmbridge is a local government district with borough status in Surrey , England. Its council is based in Esher , and other notable towns and villages include Cobham , Walton-on-Thames , Weybridge and Molesey . The borough lies just outside
1001-501: A natural soil for pines, other evergreen trees as well as heather and gorse , described as naturally wet, very acid sandy and loamy soil which is just 1.9% of English soil and 0.2% of Welsh soil. Claremont Landscape Garden and Fan Court (now independent school) is on part of this elevated soil as is St George's Hill . Most undeveloped land in Elmbridge is Metropolitan Green Belt . The central band of forest/heath includes part of
1078-692: Is bisected by the A307, historically the Portsmouth Road , which for approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) forms its high street. Esher railway station (served by the South West Main Line ) connects the town to London Waterloo . Sandown Park Racecourse is in the town near the station. In the south, Claremont Landscape Garden owned and managed by the National Trust , once belonged to Princess Charlotte and her husband Leopold I of Belgium . Accordingly,
1155-459: Is covered by the Esher ward of Elmbridge Borough Council , which has elections in three years out of four (is elected in thirds). Esher Town Hall has reverted to its original name of Sandown House and has been converted into apartments. Esher has a mix of state and private schools. There are four state primary schools across the area of Esher, Esher Church School , Cranmere , Hinchley Wood and Claygate . Esher Church of England High School
1232-519: Is not twinned with any towns. However, between 1966 and 2009 Elmbridge was formally twinned with the Paris suburb of Rueil-Malmaison , Hauts de Seine , France . The council's arms were created upon the formation of the present day district, being formed out of symbols taken from the local towns and villages with the Latin motto meaning until the rivers cease . The arms include a depiction of an elm tree on
1309-567: Is the state secondary school in the town of Esher. Hinchley Wood School in Hinchley Wood has been an Academy since February 2012. Hinchley Wood is also one of the Further education establishments in the area. Esher College is in nearby Thames Ditton . Esher is also home to the West End Playgroup & Forest School, a pre-school for 2-5 year olds. The Everyman (formerly Odeon) cinema is
1386-497: Is very popular, with the Thames Path passing through the north of the borough and the 2012 Summer Olympics hosting both of the main road cycling events in the borough with most of the road section around Hampton Court and with the sections of the routes taken to and from Box Hill . The economy is diverse, with a strong local service sector, including numerous bars and restaurants, homes built and being built for city workers as
1463-554: Is within the Esher and Walton parliamentary constituency which is represented by Monica Harding , a member of the Liberal Democratic party , since July 2024. The predecessor Esher parliamentary constituency was replaced on boundary changes before the 1997 general election . Esher is part of the East Molesey and Esher ward of Surrey County Council . The ward is represented by a Residents' association councillor. The town
1540-562: The 1867 Reform Act . It was his greatest achievement to create the modern Conservative Party in the framework of the Whig constitution, though it was Disraeli who laid claim to it. The National School system in Ireland , the predominant form of primary school education, was unable to sustain the multi-denominational system set up by Stanley in the Stanley Letter . The letter had tried to deal with
1617-460: The 2023 election the council has been run by a coalition of the Liberal Democrats and most of the residents' associations (RA), led by Liberal Democrat councillor Bruce McDonald. The first elections to the council were held in 1973, initially operating as a shadow authority alongside the outgoing authorities until the new arrangements came into effect on 1 April 1974. Political control of
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#17328475962811694-660: The A3(M) from London bisects the borough. The main north-south road is the A244 for instance to London Heathrow Airport and starts in the borough at Walton Bridge leading to Esher and Oxshott then to Leatherhead . The east-west Leatherhead to Horsell, Woking road, the A245 leads by Cobham and Brooklands, Weybridge . As to rail, the South West Main Line cuts through the borough, with four stations from Esher to Weybridge , one of which several express services call at: Walton on Thames in
1771-533: The Ashley Park estate of the south of the town. The branch lines have services with four stations in the borough via Cobham & Stoke D'Abernon to Guildford ; and a branch to Thames Ditton and Hampton Court railway station in East Molesey , both within Transport for London's Zone 6. Bus services include TfL Oyster card services to East and West Molesey , Hinchley Wood , Claygate and Esher . Cycling
1848-610: The Domesday Book of 1086 as Aissela and Aissele , where it is held partly by the Abbey of the Cross in Normandy ; partly by William de Waterville; partly by Reginald; partly by Hugh do Port; and partly by Odard Balistarius (probably a crossbowman ). Its domesday assets were: 14 hides , 6 ploughs and 2 acres (8,100 m) of meadow . It rendered £6 2s 0d per year to its feudal overlords. In
1925-662: The Falkland Islands , is named after Edward Smith-Stanley as are Port Stanley in Ontario, Canada (he did not visit his namesake but he had visited nearby Port Talbot, Ontario during his Canadian/American trip in 1824 ), as well as the area Stanley in Hong Kong. Stanley was Prime Minister when Queen Victoria opened Wellington College , in Berkshire, a tribute to the Duke of Wellington , where
2002-866: The Hampton Court Flower Show is nearby. Similarly, Surrey Wildlife Trust manage Wisley and Ockham Commons, partly within the borough of Elmbridge and Esher is approximately midway between the two leading Surrey and International Gardens, the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew and RHS Garden, Wisley . A weekly newspaper, Esher News and Mail , closed down in 2009. Current newspapers include the Surrey Herald: Cobham, Esher and Claygate edition and Living Within monthly magazine/newspaper. Vantage points include various outcrops of Esher Commons close to Hersham, Cobham and Oxshott for free public use; Esher Place (national training centre of Unite,
2079-645: The Indian Rebellion of 1857 , which brought India under direct British control for the first time. Once again the government was short-lived, resigning after only one year, having narrowly lost a vote of no-confidence brought by Lord Hartington on behalf of various Whig and Radical factions which had coalesced at the Willis's Rooms meetings in St James's Street to mark the birth of the Liberal Party . In July 1859, Derby
2156-520: The Order of St Michael and St George in recognition of his former role as Secretary of State for War and the Colonies. He was appointed Honorary Colonel of the 1st Lancashire Rifle Volunteer Corps on 10 September 1862, beginning a family connection with the regiment that endured for over 100 years. Derby's tenure of 22 years as party leader still stands as the longest in Conservative Party history and indeed
2233-699: The Wisley and Ockham Commons reserve within the national wildlife trust scheme: see Surrey Wildlife Trust , several pine heath based golf courses and in the north there are reservoirs , on the side of which there is sheep grazing. The Mole , passing the Grade I Church in Stoke D'Abernon , Cobham Mill at Grade II and Painshill Park and the Wey , passing Silvermere Golf Course and the Brooklands circuit, hotel and retail park, cut through
2310-473: The mythologizing of Disraeli as the architect of conservative survival and success tended to cast him into the shadows. This neglect was compounded by the absence of an official biography and problems of access to the Derby archives for a century after his death. Recent Studies have done something to redress the balance… It was Derby who educated the party and acted as its strategist to pass the last great Whig measure,
2387-503: The "Residents' Associations Group", which forms the council's administration in coalition with the Liberal Democrats. The next election is due in 2026. Since the last boundary changes in 2016 the council has comprised 48 councillors representing 16 wards , with each ward electing three councillors. Elections are held three years out of every four, with a third of the council (one councillor for each ward) being elected each time for
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2464-792: The 16th century King Henry VIII annexed several of the manors to the Honour of Hampton Court , including Esher, to form a royal hunting ground. The town slowly grew as a stagecoach stop on the London–Portsmouth road that was later numbered the A3 , although it was bypassed in the mid-1970s when it became the A307. Clive of India built the Claremont mansion and this later became a royal residence used by Queen Victoria . In 1841 Esher had 1261 inhabitants across 2,075 acres (840 ha). Queen Victoria lent Claremont to
2541-410: The 1980s. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle placed the murder of fictional character, Mr. Garcia, in and around Esher in his Sherlock Holmes mystery, "The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge". In the mystery, Dr. Watson described his and Sherlock Holmes' arrival in Esher by stating, "It was nearly six c'clock before we found ourselves in the pretty Surrey village of Esher, with Inspector Baynes as our companion." Esher
2618-527: The Conservative Party for an unrivaled span of 22 years. Historian Frances Walsh has written: Although he was the first politician to become prime minister three times and remains the longest-serving party leader in British history he has not received the recognition one would expect. As a landed aristocrat with Whig antecedents, literary tastes, and a passionate interest in shooting and the turf he seemed to represent an obsolete, amateur tradition in politics, while
2695-694: The Conservatives, Stanley again served as Colonial Secretary in Peel's second government in 1841. In 1844 he was summoned to the House of Lords as Lord Stanley of Bickerstaffe in his father's Barony of Stanley by a Writ of acceleration . He broke with the Prime Minister again in 1845, this time over the repeal of the Corn Laws , and managed to bring the majority of the Conservative Party with him (including, among others,
2772-403: The Conservatives. Palmerston continued as Prime Minister until his death in 1865, when he was succeeded by the ineffective Russell. Derby returned to power for the third and last time in 1866, following the collapse of Lord Russell's second government after its failed attempt at further electoral reform. Once again, Disraeli was a leading figure. This administration was particularly notable for
2849-596: The Parliamentary side in the Civil War was dominated by "Grandees" i.e. wealthy nobles who often spent their time in comfort conducting fatuous debates in Parliament while the less well off risked their lives in the war to defeat an absolutist system. They were the subject of a long campaign of harassment by a local landowner and were eventually removed following a court case. The M25 motorway has several junctions nearby and
2926-480: The United Kingdom . To date, he is the longest-serving leader of the Conservative Party (1846–68). He is one of only four British prime ministers to have three or more separate periods in office. However, his ministries each lasted less than two years and totalled three years and 280 days. Derby introduced the state education system in Ireland, and reformed Parliament. Historian Frances Walsh has written that it
3003-596: The Whigs on particular issues, including the 38 Conservative members of Parliament who were Peelites , who had already joined with the Whigs in June 1846 to repeal the Corn Laws ; the 113 members who were Free Traders and who were interested in eliminating all tariffs on consumer goods; and the 63 members of the Irish Brigade who were interested in the independence of Ireland and Tenant's Rights for Irish tenants. Immediately following
3080-531: The Whigs returned to power in 1830, Stanley became Chief Secretary for Ireland in Lord Grey's Government, and entered the Cabinet in 1831. As Chief Secretary Stanley pursued a series of coercive measures which frequently brought him into conflict with the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland , Lord Anglesey . In October 1831, Stanley wrote the Stanley Letter , to Augustus FitzGerald, 3rd Duke of Leinster , establishing
3157-461: The administrative boundary of Greater London , but is almost entirely within the M25 motorway which encircles London . Many of the borough's urban areas form part of the wider Greater London Built-up Area . The neighbouring districts are Mole Valley , Guildford , Woking , Runnymede , Spelthorne , Richmond upon Thames and Kingston upon Thames , the latter two being London boroughs . The district
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3234-475: The age of 70. The Countess of Derby died on 26 April 1876. Historian David Cannadine argues: Although almost entirely forgotten today, Derby was one of the great figures of 19th century British public, social and cultural life: he was a fine debater, a classical scholar of note and a significant patron of the turf; he was also an authentic grandee, with very rich, coal-bearing estates in Lancashire, and leader of
3311-546: The areas of Molesey , Long Ditton , Thames Ditton , Hinchley Wood , Esher , Cobham and Claygate lie within the social and commercial orbit of neighbouring Kingston upon Thames . Molesey, Cobham , the Dittons and Claygate were included in the Metropolitan Police District from 1840 until 2000. The northern third of the borough is flatter and fertile with free draining slightly acid loamy soil, similar to
3388-427: The benefits of the factory laws." That same year an Act was passed regulating the hours of women workers in every workshop. The Master and Servant Act 1867 was also introduced during his final term. Stanley married The Hon. Emma Bootle-Wilbraham , the second daughter of Edward Bootle-Wilbraham, 1st Baron Skelmersdale , on 31 May 1825. They had three children: Lord Derby died at Knowsley Hall on 23 October 1869 at
3465-789: The boarding house Stanley is named after him. The County of Stanley, Queensland , Australia, is named after the Earl. Notably, it contains the important Australian city of Brisbane . A library book about Smith-Stanley titled The Earl of Derby , written by George Saintsbury and published in 1892, was borrowed from the Newtown Library in Wellington , New Zealand, in March 1902 and returned in August 2020 (118 years later) after being discovered in Sydney, Australia. The book
3542-444: The borough from south to north reaching the River Thames which denotes the northern border, stretching from Weybridge to Thames Ditton apart from inclusion of inhabited islands such as Wheatley's Ait . The Wey and Mole have sources beyond gentle valleys which cut through the high North Downs to the south. The borough is home to some of the county's highest earners. It has been labelled Britain's Beverly Hills by sections of
3619-513: The club did reach the semi-finals of the Surrey Senior Cup , losing to Reigate Priory . The club continued into the 1883–84 season. Esher Rugby Club was established in 1923 and play on the Hersham borders at the Molesey Road stadium, where they have several training grounds there. A smaller football club AFC Westend was established in 2003. Esher Theatre is a 300 seat performing arts venue on Esher High Street, which opened on 4 September 2021. Esher West End hosts an annual flower show and
3696-417: The council since 1974 has been as follows: The role of mayor is largely ceremonial in Elmbridge. Political leadership is instead provided by the leader of the council . The leaders since 2010 have been: Following the 2024 election , the composition of the council was: The Thames Ditton and Weston Green RA, Esher RA, Molesey RA, Walton Society, and Weybridge and St George's Independents sit together as
3773-440: The crown of the fallen King Richard III upon the head of Henry Tudor . In 1822 Edward Stanley, as he was then, was elected to Parliament in the rotten borough of Stockbridge as a Whig , the traditional party of his family. In 1824, however, he alienated some of his Whig colleagues by voting against Joseph Hume 's motion for an investigation into the established Protestant Church of Ireland . He lost his seat in 1826. When
3850-462: The earliest experiments in common ownership of land by ordinary people, in a marked contrast to the area's modern status as a wealthy private estate. In 1649 the " Diggers ", one of the radical groups set up in the aftermath of the English Civil War and the execution of Charles I seized common land in the area and lived by simple farming. As well as debates about religion and how the country should be run at this time these groups complained that even
3927-434: The election in June 1852, none of these small groups were willing to work with the Whigs to form a government. Accordingly, the Earl of Derby was invited to form a minority government. Derby did so and appointed Disraeli as the new Chancellor of the Exchequer. As with all minority governments, Derby's minority government had a difficult time governing. Their main preoccupation was avoiding any issue which might cause any of
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#17328475962814004-482: The exiled French King Louis-Philippe and his consort Queen Marie-Amelie after the revolution of 1848. Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg lived there until he became King of the Belgians . By 1908, Esher contained the fashionable residences of several important figures including Lady Emma Talbot ; Sir Robert Hawthorn Collins, the Duchess of Albany and Sir Edgar Vincent, K.C.M.G. who was later created 1st Viscount D'Abernon. George Harrison of The Beatles owned
4081-436: The government's small components to go over to Whigs and cause a "no confidence" vote. However, the real issues facing Parliament could not be postponed for long, and when Disraeli submitted his first budget to Parliament in December 1852, it proved so unpopular with the Peelites, the Free Traders, and the Irish Brigade that it was voted down in a "no confidence" vote. As a result, Derby's minority government fell, making way for
4158-408: The government. He then formed a group called the " Derby Dilly " and attempted to chart a middle course between what they saw as the increasingly radical Whiggery of Lord John Russell and the conservatism of the Tories. Tory leader Sir Robert Peel 's turn to the centre with the 1834 Tamworth Manifesto , published three days before Stanley's "Knowsley Creed" speech, robbed the Stanleyites of much of
4235-416: The history of any other political party in British history. Only Labour 's Clement Attlee came close, at 20 years. During Derby's third premiership, a factory Act was passed in 1866 “dealing with uncleanliness, inadequate ventilation, and overcrowding in factories.” The provisions of this Act were extended to other trades in 1867, and as a result of this Act "1,500,000 women and children were admitted to
4312-544: The list of inexperienced cabinet ministers being read aloud in the House of Lords, he gave the government its nickname by shouting "Who? Who?". From then this government would be known as the "Who? Who?" ministry. Traditionally Derby's ministries were thought in hindsight to have been dominated by Disraeli. However, recent research suggests that this was not always the case, especially in the government's conduct of foreign policy. There, Derby and his Foreign Secretaries , Lord Malmesbury and later his son Lord Stanley , pursued
4389-571: The majority of locations have access to one of the Home Counties fastest commutes , trades including interior supplies, fitting, gardening, golf course/landscape management and a developed public/education sector. Of international renown are the employers Sony , Procter & Gamble , JTI (formerly Gallaher) and Toshiba Information Systems alongside the local corporate venues and day-out attractions of Sandown Park Racecourse and Mercedes-Benz World . As of 2012, Elmbridge residents had average weekly earnings of £1162. The Borough of Elmbridge
4466-401: The passage of the Reform Act 1867 , which greatly expanded the suffrage but which provoked the resignation of three cabinet ministers including the Secretary for India and future three-time Prime Minister, Lord Cranborne (later Lord Salisbury). In early 1868, Derby retired from political life on medical advice, leaving Disraeli to succeed him. In 1869, he was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of
4543-448: The precursor of " splendid isolation ", as well as the diplomatic settlement of Europe pursued by later Conservatives in the late 19th century and the 1930s. In the general election of June 1852 , the Conservative party under Derby and Disraeli won only 330 seats in the House of Commons—42.9% of the total. Although the Whigs actually won fewer seats—292 seats—there were several small groups in Parliament that might be willing to side with
4620-406: The press. Famous residents, past and present, include Sir Cliff Richard , Mick Jagger , George Harrison , John Lennon , Ringo Starr , Ronnie Wood , Andy Murray , Kate Winslet , John Terry , Gary Lineker , Mick Hucknall , Frank Lampard , Didier Drogba , Theo Paphitis , Chris Tarrant , Peter Crouch , Michael Aspel and Shilpa Shetty . St George's Hill is noted as the site of one of
4697-421: The press: Lord Derby has never been able to realise the sudden growth and power of the Political Press, for which he has no partiality, which feeling is reciprocated by its members. In these days this is a fatal error in men who wish to obtain public power and distinction. Lord Derby is too proud a man to flatter anybody, even his greatest friends and equals, much less those of whom he knows nothing. Derby formed
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#17328475962814774-414: The resignation of Lord Palmerston following a parliamentary defeat to an opposition motion which, in the context of a failed plot to assassinate Napoleon III of France, charged that "the ministry had admitted they sheltered assassins". Disraeli was again at the Exchequer and Leader of the Commons. Among the notable achievements of this administration was the end of the British East India Company following
4851-435: The seemingly intractable issue of different Christian religions living together in Ireland, but by the end of the century denominational schools had become the norm. The former site of Fort Langley, British Columbia was renamed Derby by the Royal Engineers in 1858, apparently in honour of the Earl, who was British Prime Minister at the time. Stanley (sometimes referred to as "Port Stanley") on East Falkland , capital of
4928-405: The south, as described in the Surrey article. In the next third, the first of the remarkable acid soil heaths in west Surrey begin to appear in places here , characterised by undulating heaths: these sandy and stony reliefs start in the east in the Esher Commons , covering the central swathe of the area including Oxshott Heath and Woods and areas of Weybridge and areas surrounding Wisley ,
5005-457: The system of National Education in Ireland. This letter remains today the legal basis for the predominant form of primary education in Ireland. In 1833, Stanley moved up to the more important position of Secretary of State for War and the Colonies , overseeing the passage of the Abolition of Slavery Bill . Stanley, a religiously devout Anglican, broke with the ministry over the reform of the Anglican Church of Ireland in 1834 and resigned from
5082-427: The town was selected to have a fountain by Queen Victoria and has an adjacent Diamond Jubilee column embossed with a relief of the monarch and topped by a statue of Britannia . Unite , the union, trains representatives at its Esher Place centre, and the town has the offices of Elmbridge Borough Council in its high street. Esher lay within the Saxon feudal division of Elmbridge hundred . Esher appears in
5159-469: The union) where a grass garden amphitheatre was built by Lutyens for what was the manor house ; the facilities at Sandown Park racecourse and Claremont Landscape Garden . The average level of accommodation in the region composed of detached houses was 28%, the average that was apartments was 22.6%. The proportion of households in the settlement who owned their home outright compares to the regional average of 35.1%. The proportion who owned their home with
5236-493: The uniqueness of their programme. The term "Derby Dilly" was coined by Irish Nationalist leader Daniel O'Connell . Besides Stanley, the other principal members of the Dilly were Sir James Graham , who had resigned as First Lord of the Admiralty ; Lord Ripon , who had resigned as Lord Privy Seal ; and the Duke of Richmond , who had resigned as Postmaster General . These four ministers had come from notably different political backgrounds—Stanley and Graham were old Whigs, Ripon
5313-413: The young Benjamin Disraeli ). He thereafter led the protectionist faction of the Conservative Party. In the House of Lords, on 23 November 1847, he accused the Irish Catholic clergy of using the confessional to encourage lawlessness and crime. This was disputed in a series of letters by the coadjutor Bishop of Derry , Edward Maginn . In 1851 he succeeded his father as Earl of Derby. The party system
5390-419: Was Derby: who educated the party and acted as its strategist to pass the last great Whig measure, the 1867 Reform Act . It was his greatest achievement to create the modern Conservative Party in the framework of the Whig constitution, though it was Disraeli who laid claim to it. Scholars long ignored his role but in the 21st century rank him highly among all British prime ministers. Edward Smith-Stanley
5467-412: Was a former Canningite Tory prime minister, while Richmond was an arch-conservative Tory who had incongruously found himself in the Grey cabinet. Although they did not participate in Peel's short-lived 1835 ministry , over the next several years they gradually merged into Peel's Conservative Party, with several members of the "Derby Dilly" taking prominent positions in Peel's second ministry . Joining
5544-531: Was appointed a Knight of the Garter . Back in opposition, Derby pursued a strategy of trying to lure the Prime Minister, Lord Palmerston, away from his more radical colleagues, Lord John Russell in particular. This tactic was thwarted by Russell's declining influence and by Chancellor of the Exchequer William Ewart Gladstone 's 1861 budget which united the cabinet and increased divisions amongst
5621-518: Was awarded borough status from its creation, allowing the chair of the council to take the title of mayor . In the early 1990s the neighbouring London Borough of Kingston upon Thames sought to have eastern parts of Elmbridge, including Long Ditton , Thames Ditton , Hinchley Wood , Weston Green and the Moleseys transferred to it, making the case that these areas had particularly strong social and economic ties to Kingston and Greater London. The proposal
5698-465: Was born on 19 March 1799 at Knowsley Hall , Lancashire . He was the eldest son of Edward Smith-Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby , and his wife (and first cousin) Charlotte Margaret Hornby. He was educated at Eton and at Christ Church, Oxford . Stanley's ancestors were Kings of Man from 1405 and later Lords of Man . Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby , switched sides at the Battle of Bosworth and placed
5775-530: Was considered by the Local Government Boundary Commission in 1992, but was not pursued. Elmbridge Borough Council provides district-level services. County-level services are provided by Surrey County Council . Claygate is a civil parish , which forms a third tier of local government for that part of the borough only; the rest of the borough is an unparished area . The council has been under no overall control since 2016. Since
5852-549: Was created on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 , covering two former districts which were both abolished at the same time: The new district was named after the medieval Elmbridge hundred which had covered a similar area. The hundred appears in Domesday Book of 1086 as Amelebrige . The name thus derives from the River Amele or Emley, an old name for the River Mole , rather than elm trees. The district
5929-455: Was in a state of flux when the Conservatives left office in 1846, the outstanding issues being the question of Ireland and the unresolved franchise. The protectionists had a core of leaders, of whom Derby was a leading light. He is the only modern-era prime minister who never enjoyed a parliamentary majority. In his private diary, the Earl of Malmesbury in 1857 commented on Derby's failure to exploit
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