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45-421: "True eloquence," Oliver Goldsmith says, "Does not consist ... in saying great things in a sublime style, but in a simple style; for there is, properly speaking, no such thing as a sublime style, the sublimity lies only in the things; and when they are not so, the language may be turgid, affected, metaphorical , but not affecting." The word eloquence itself derives from the Latin roots: ē (a shortened form of

90-722: A central character's house is situated between "Goldsworth" (the name of an estate) and "Wordsmith University". Crossing these two names yields the names of the poets Wordsworth and Goldsmith; one of the narrators refers to this as the "witty exchange of syllables invoking the two masters of the heroic couplet." In the play Marx in Soho by Howard Zinn , Marx makes a reference to Goldsmith's poem The Deserted Village . In The Waste Land , T. S. Eliot parodies Goldsmith's song When lovely woman stoops to folly . The characters of 'Edwin' and 'Angelina' in Gilbert and Sullivan's Trial by Jury were

135-679: A kidney infection. He was buried in Temple Church in London. The inscription reads; "HERE LIES/OLIVER GOLDSMITH". A monument was originally raised for him at the site of his burial, but it was destroyed in an air raid in 1941. A monument to him survives in the centre of Ballymahon , also in Westminster Abbey with an epitaph written by Samuel Johnson. "Oliver Goldsmith: A Poet, Naturalist, and Historian, who left scarcely any style of writing untouched, and touched nothing that he did not adorn. Of all

180-506: A number of trains passing through towns in the county. The Dublin–Westport/Galway railway line runs through the county, with services from Dublin Heuston to Galway / Westport / Ballina inter-city train service stops at Athlone , while the Dublin-Sligo railway line service stops at Mullingar . The line from Athlone via Moate railway station to Mullingar is disused and converted into

225-560: A powerful way, so as to persuade others to a point of view. Petrarch encouraged students to imitate the ancient writers, from a language perspective, combining clear and correct speech with moral thought. Later, Fr. Louis Bourdaloue is regarded as one of the founders of French eloquence. Many famous political leaders, like Winston Churchill and Martin Luther King Jr. and dictators such as Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini rose to prominence in large part due to their eloquence. In

270-509: A reference to Goldsmith's poem The Hermit . County Westmeath County Westmeath ( / w ɛ s t ˈ m iː ð / ; Irish : Contae na hIarmhí or simply An Iarmhí ) is a county in Ireland . It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Eastern and Midland Region . It formed part of the historic Kingdom of Meath , which was named Mide because the kingdom was located in

315-563: Is distilled in Kilbeggan and tobacco is processed in Mullingar. The county has an extensive beef and dairy trade. In recent times, the manufacturer Alkermes has located in Athlone. The eastern part of the county is home to commuters, many of whom work at the technology parks on the western side of Dublin . Mullingar is renowned for the high quality of its beef and veal. Weaned cattle from the west of

360-509: Is fond of the natural world and his wilderness solitude but maintains a gentle, sympathetic demeanour toward other people. In keeping with eremitical tradition, however, Edwin the Hermit claims to "spurn the [opposite] sex". This poem appears under the title of "A Ballad" sung by the character of Mr. Burchell in Chapter 8 of Goldsmith's novel, The Vicar of Wakefield . In the 1760s Goldsmith witnessed

405-437: Is the 20th largest of Ireland's 32 counties by area and the 22nd largest in terms of population. It is the sixth largest of Leinster's 12 counties in size and eighth largest in terms of population. The Hill of Uisneach in the barony of Moycashel is sometimes regarded as the notional geographical centre of Ireland although the actual geographic centre of Ireland lies in neighbouring County Roscommon . The summit of Mullaghmeen

450-561: Is the highest point in County Westmeath. At just 258 metres this makes it the lowest county top in Ireland. The head office of Westmeath County Council is located in Mullingar . There are currently 20 councillors. The three local electoral areas of Westmeath are Athlone (7 seats), Mullingar–Coole (7 seats) and Mullingar–Kilbeggan (6 seats). The Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 provided

495-502: Is thought by some to have written the classic children's tale The History of Little Goody Two-Shoes (1765). Goldsmith's birth date and year are not known with certainty. According to the Library of Congress authority file, he told a biographer that he was born on 10 November 1728. The location of his birthplace is also uncertain. He was born either in the townland of Pallas, near Ballymahon , County Longford , Ireland, where his father

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540-524: The Encyclopédie and it was to include comprehensive articles by Samuel Johnson , Edmund Burke , Adam Smith , Edward Gibbon , Sir Joshua Reynolds , Sir William Jones , Fox and Dr. Burney . The project, however, was not realised due to Goldsmith's death. His life was dramatised in the 1940 Australian radio play A Citizen of the World . Two characters in the 1951 comedy The Lavender Hill Mob quote

585-694: The Dublin-Galway Greenway . Other major infrastructural projects and plans for the county include Transport 21 . Roads are of good quality in the county. As part of the Transport 21 infrastructure programme undertaken by the government, both the N4 and N6 roads have been upgraded to motorway or dual carriageway standard. All towns that these roads passed through are now bypassed, such as Mullingar , Athlone , Moate and Kinnegad . Both Dublin and Galway are within commuting distance from Westmeath following

630-519: The Iranian Revolution , Ruhollah Khomeini came to power in part through the eloquence of his speeches, smuggled into the country on audio cassettes while he was still in exile. Oliver Goldsmith Oliver Goldsmith (10 November 1728 – 4 April 1774) was an Anglo-Irish writer best known for his works The Vicar of Wakefield (1766), The Good-Natur'd Man (1768), The Deserted Village (1770) and She Stoops to Conquer (1771). He

675-489: The Marshalsea Prison . He was graduated in 1749 as a Bachelor of Arts, but without the discipline or distinction that might have gained him entry to a profession in the church or the law. His education seemed to have given him mainly a taste for fine clothes, cards, singing Irish airs, and playing the flute. He lived for a short time with his mother, tried various professions without success, studied medicine desultorily at

720-559: The Muse of epic poetry and eloquence. Hermes , the Greek God, was a patron of eloquence. Cicero , a rhetorician and prolific author, was well-regarded in Ancient Rome as an orator of excellent eloquence. The Renaissance humanists focused on the correlation of speech and political principles as a powerful tool to present and persuade others to particular concepts. At the core of presentations

765-738: The Shannon are fattened for market on the lush grasslands of Meath and Westmeath. The cattle are also used to maintain grassland to help sustain wildlife in the areas fringing the Bog of Allen . Westmeath is home to many stud farms. The plains of Westmeath, covered in calcium-rich marl , contribute significantly to calcification of foal bones during their formative years. Westmeath mares are usually put into foal in spring to facilitate summer growth. Pregnancy lasts for approximately 335–340 days and usually results in one foal. Horses mature when they are around four years old. Westmeath also has railway infrastructure with

810-491: The University of Edinburgh from 1752 to 1755, and set out on a walking tour of Flanders , France, Switzerland, and Northern Italy , living by his wits (busking with his flute). He settled in London in 1756, where he briefly held various jobs, including an apothecary 's assistant and an usher of a school. Perennially in debt and addicted to gambling, Goldsmith produced a massive output as a hack writer on Grub Street for

855-400: The parsonage at Lissoy, between Athlone and Ballymahon, and continued to live there until his father's death in 1747. In 1744, Goldsmith went up to Trinity College, Dublin . His tutor was Theaker Wilder . Neglecting his studies in theology and law, he fell to the bottom of his class. In 1747, along with four other undergraduates, he was expelled for a riot in which they attempted to storm

900-594: The 2011 census, 51.9% of Westmeath households have at least one member reporting an ability in Irish. Westmeath is one of the few counties in Ireland where some census records from 1841 are still available. Some of the records of that census have been digitised and maintained by the National Archives of Ireland. As of the 2022 census, Westmeath had a population of 95,840, consisting of 47,522 males and 48,318 females. The Central Statistics Office also said that despite

945-713: The Dublin—Galway Greenway, along the old railway corridor between Athlone and Mullingar, was constructed in 2015. The Royal Canal Greenway takes tourists from the county boundary to Mullingar, and then on towards Longford. Those wishing to use the Dublin-Galway Greenway can transfer from the Royal Canal route to the old rail corridor onwards towards Athlone. The development of industry in Westmeath has been mainly based on food processing and consumer products. Whiskey

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990-570: The League of Ireland Championship on two occasions, in 1980 and 1982, and the FAI Cup in 1924. Westmeath Ladies won the 2011 All-Ireland Intermediate Football Championship. Athlone Institute of Technology boasts a €10 million international athletics arena, which opened in early 2013. The International Arena has a footprint of 6,818m2 and an overall building floor area of 9,715m2. Some 850 tonnes of structural steel and fifty thousand concrete blocks went into

1035-450: The Tyne". Angelina spurns many wooers, but refuses to make plain her love for young Edwin. "Quite dejected with my scorn", Edwin disappears and becomes a hermit. One day, Angelina turns up at his cell in boy's clothes and, not recognising him, tells him her story. Edwin then reveals his true identity, and the lovers never part again. The poem is notable for its interesting portrayal of a hermit, who

1080-568: The century following the Great Famine, with many leaving for better opportunities in America. The largest town in the county is Athlone , followed by Mullingar. Westmeath is the largest county by population in the Irish Midlands . Important commercial and marketing centres include Moate , Kilbeggan , Kinnegad , Ballinahown , Delvin , Rochfortbridge , Killucan and Castlepollard . According to

1125-615: The coming of the Midland Great Western Railway network in the nineteenth century. Tourism in Westmeath is generally based on its many water amenities. The county lakes include Lough Derravaragh , Lough Ennell , Lough Owel , Lough Lene , Lough Sheelin and Lough Ree . The River Shannon (Ireland's key tourism waterway) has a modern inland harbour in Athlone. In 2017 the largest employment sectors within Westmeath were: Two major "Greenway" projects are intended to improve cycling facilities. The Athone—Mullingar section of

1170-809: The completion of the M6 motorway in December 2009. Westmeath is an active sporting county. The Westmeath GAA senior football team won the Leinster Senior Football Championship , the Delaney Cup, in 2004. They also won the National Football League Division 2 in 2001, 2003 and 2008. The Westmeath senior hurling team has enjoyed much recent success winning the Christy Ring Cup in 2005, 2007 and 2010. Athlone Town F.C. have won

1215-551: The demolition of an ancient village and the destruction of its farms to clear land to become a wealthy man's garden. His poem The Deserted Village , published in 1770, expresses a fear that the destruction of villages and the conversion of land from productive agriculture to ornamental landscape gardens would ruin the peasantry . Goldsmith has sometimes been credited with writing the classic children's tale The History of Little Goody Two-Shoes , though this cannot be proved. In his Life , Washington Irving states that Goldsmith

1260-580: The east of the county was in the English Pale , the west was Gaelicised in the fourteenth century and outside the control of the sheriff of Meath . As a part of the better administration of the newly established Kingdom of Ireland , the Parliament of Ireland passed the Counties of Meath and Westmeath Act 1543 , the eastern portion retaining the name Meath and the western portion called Westmeath. Westmeath

1305-571: The epithet "inspired idiot". During this period he used the pseudonym "James Willington" (the name of a fellow student at Trinity) to publish his 1758 translation of the autobiography of the Huguenot Jean Marteilhe . In 1760 Goldsmith began to publish a series of letters in the Public Ledger under the title The Citizen of the World . Purportedly written by a Chinese traveller in England by

1350-467: The failure of de Lacy's male heirs in 1241, the Lordship was split between two great-granddaughters. One moiety, a central eastern portion, was awarded to Maud (de Geneville) as the liberty of Trim ; the other moiety, comprising north-eastern and western portions, went to Maud's sister Margery (de Verdun) and in 1297 became the royal county of Meath . The liberty and royal county were merged in 1461. While

1395-593: The framework for the establishment of County Councils throughout Ireland. The first meeting of Westmeath County Council was held on 22 April 1899. Westmeath's population growth has been stronger than the national average. After the Great Famine , the population of Westmeath declined dramatically. It stabilised in the middle of the 20th century, and has continued to grow. Westmeath's proximity to Dublin , with good motorway facilities and frequent rail service, has made commuting popular. County Westmeath's population fell in

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1440-630: The geographical centre of Ireland (the word Mide meaning 'middle'). Westmeath County Council is the administrative body for the county, and the county town is Mullingar. At the 2022 census, the population of the county was 95,840. Following the Norman invasion of Ireland , the territory of the Gaelic Kingdom of Meath formed the basis for the Anglo-Norman Lordship of Meath granted by King Henry II of England to Hugh de Lacy in 1172. Following

1485-521: The last words of the poem An Elegy on the Death of a Mad Dog , "The dog it was that died", are the dying words of bacteriologist Walter Fane, one of the primary characters in the novel. And using the title "Elegy for a Mad Dog" is an episode of Marcus Welby, M.D. (1971, Season 2, Episode 21). The Tom Stoppard play The Dog It Was That Died takes its title from the same poem. In the Nabokov novel Pale Fire ,

1530-683: The literary world and the world of drama. Goldsmith was described by contemporaries as prone to envy, a congenial but impetuous and disorganised personality who once planned to emigrate to America but failed because he missed his ship. At some point around this time, he worked at Thornhill Grammar School, later basing Squire Thornhill (in The Vicar of Wakefield ) on his benefactor Sir George Savile and certainly spending time with eminent scientist Rev. John Mitchell, whom he probably knew from London. Mitchell sorely missed good company, which Goldsmith naturally provided in spades. Thomas De Quincey wrote of him "All

1575-430: The motion of Goldsmith's nature moved in the direction of the true, the natural, the sweet, the gentle". Later researchers have speculated that Goldsmith may have suffered from color blindness , a condition which was not described until years after Goldsmith's death. Munro MacLennan described several instances from Goldsmith's life which suggest that he had an inability to distinguish between certain colors. Goldsmith

1620-400: The name of Lien Chi, they used this fictional outsider's perspective to comment ironically and at times moralistically on British society and manners. It was inspired by the earlier essay series Persian Letters by Montesquieu . Goldsmith wrote this 160-line romantic ballad in 1765. The hero and heroine are Edwin, a youth without wealth or power, and Angelina, the daughter of a lord "beside

1665-700: The overall increase in population, the rural population had still fallen (2016 census). Initially, development occurred around the major market centres of Mullingar, Moate, and Kinnegad. Athlone developed due to its military significance, and its strategic location on the main Dublin–Galway route across the River Shannon . Mullingar gained considerable advantage from the development of the Royal Canal . The canal facilitated cheap transport of produce to Dublin, Britain and Europe. Athlone and Mullingar expanded further with

1710-506: The passions, whether smiles were to move or tears, a powerful yet gentle master. In genius, vivid, versatile, sublime. In style, clear, elevated, elegant." Epitaph written by Dr. Johnson , translated from the original Latin. Among his papers was found the prospectus of an encyclopedia, to be called the Universal dictionary of the arts and sciences . He wished this to be the British equivalent of

1755-430: The preposition ex ), meaning "out (of)", and loqui , a deponent verb meaning "to speak". Thus, eloquence is to speak fluently and understand and master language so as to employ a graceful style with persuasiveness, or gracefulness in interpretation and communication . The concept of eloquence could date back to the rhetoric of the ancient Greeks, Calliope (one of the nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne ) being

1800-413: The publishers of London, but his few painstaking works earned him the company of Samuel Johnson , with whom he was a founding member of " The Club ". There, through fellow Club member Edmund Burke , he made the acquaintance of Sir George Savile, who would later arrange a job for him at Thornhill Grammar School. The combination of his literary work and his dissolute lifestyle led Horace Walpole to give him

1845-496: The same line from Goldsmith's poem "The Traveller" – a subtle joke, because the film's plot involves the recasting of stolen gold. During the opening credits of the SKY One adaptation of Sir Terry Pratchett 's Christmas-like story " The Hogfather ", a portrait of Goldsmith is shown as part of a hall of memorials to those "inhumed" by the " Ankh-Morpork Assassins' Guild ". In the 1925 novel The Painted Veil by W. Somerset Maugham ,

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1890-552: Was an Anglican, and famously said "as I take my shoes from the shoemaker, and my coat from the taylor, so I take my religion from the priest". Thomas Hurst wrote that Goldsmith "recognised with joy the existence and perfections of a Deity. For the Christian revelation also, he was always understood to have a profound respect – knowing that it was the source of our best hopes and noblest expectations." Goldsmith's premature death in 1774 may have been partly due to his own misdiagnosis of

1935-593: Was between 5'4" and 5'6" in height, not heavily built but quite muscular and with rather plain features. In character, he had a lively sense of fun, was totally guileless, and never happier than when in the light-hearted company of children. The money that he sporadically earned was often frittered away or happily given away to the next good cause that presented itself so that any financial security tended to be fleeting and short-lived. Goldsmith's talents were unreservedly recognised by Samuel Johnson, whose patronage – somewhat resented by Boswell – aided his eventual recognition in

1980-711: Was the Anglican curate of the parish of Forgney , or at the residence of his maternal grandparents, at the Smith Hill House near Elphin in County Roscommon , where his grandfather Oliver Jones was a clergyman and master of the Elphin diocesan school, and where Oliver studied. When Goldsmith was two years old, his father was appointed the rector of the parish of "Kilkenny West" in County Westmeath . The family moved to

2025-420: Was the use of graceful style, clear concise grammar and usage, and over time the insertion of rational and emotional arguments. Petrarch (Fracesco Petrarca), in his study program of the classics and antiquity (Italian Renaissance) focused attention on language and communication. After mastering language, the goal was to reach a "level of eloquence", to be able to present gracefully, combine thought and reason in

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