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97-518: Scidmore was born October 14, 1856, in Clinton, Iowa . She was the daughter of George B. Scidmore and Eliza Catherine Sweeney Scidmore, who settled among family in Madison, Wisconsin, after an itinerant period early in their marriage, when their two children were born. The future writer Eliza spent several years of her early childhood in Madison, before moving to Washington, D.C., with her mother and brother during

194-573: A Saka no Ue no Kumo Museum was established in 2007. Matsuyama was also the setting of a 1907 novel about the Russo-Japanese War , As the Hague Ordains , by American writer Eliza Ruhamah Scidmore . Matsuyama figures in the novel because the city housed a camp for Russian prisoners during the war. A Russian cemetery commemorates this important episode in Matsuyama history. The Russo-Japanese War

291-557: A "mock funeral 'for the spirit of Oberlin'" in response to the administration's laying off 11 workers and reducing the work hours of five other workers without negotiation with college unions. Oberlin Students have protested instances of fracking in Ohio such as "the first natural gas and fracturing industry conference in the state," in 2011. Matsuyama, Ehime Matsuyama ( 松山市 , Matsuyama-shi , Japanese: [matsɯꜜjama] )

388-502: A Los Angeles-based green energy startup focused on modernizing and personalizing home energy monitoring. In 2014, LaunchU announced the creation of an online network in order to build stronger connections between entrepreneurs within the Oberlin College students and alumni network with a focus on attracting younger alumni. The Oberlin student body has a long history of activism and a reputation for being notably liberal. The college

485-459: A black Oberlin student was caught shoplifting two bottles of wine from Gibson's Bakery and Market, a downtown Oberlin business. A scuffle ensued between Oberlin students and Gibson's staff, and the students involved pled guilty to misdemeanor charges. Oberlin faculty and students subsequently staged large demonstrations urging a boycott of Gibson's on the grounds that the store was racist, and Gibson's sued alleging libel and other charges. In June 2019,

582-410: A book had just been published, which Stewart was reading to Shipherd. Oberlin had brought social Christianity to an isolated region of France, just as they hoped to bring to the remote Western Reserve region of northeastern Ohio . Their vision was: A community of Christian families with a Christian school which should be "a center of religious influence and power which should work mightily upon

679-582: A doubt that freedom would have foundered in the storm. Indeed it is doubtful whether there would have been any storm. The nation probably would have meekly yielded to the dominion of the slave power , and the Western Hemisphere would have become a den of tyrants and slaves. As it was, we were scarcely saved. Asa Mahan (1799–1889) accepted the position of first president of the Oberlin Collegiate Institute in 1835, simultaneously serving as

776-558: A dozen articles to the magazine as well as many photographs taken by herself and others. Today the National Geographic Society gives an Eliza Scidmore Award annually to a photographer "whose work combines scientific rigor and immersive storytelling to advance our understanding of the environmental and conservation issues we face". As a colleague of leading scientists and naturalists in Washington, Scidmore took an active role in

873-581: A food processing division of Pom (Ehime Drink Company), and the retailing companies Fuji and Daiki all have their headquarters in Matsuyama. Matsuyama has 62 public elementary schools and 31 public middle schools operated by the city government. The city has seven public high schools operated by the Ehime Prefectural Board of Education, including the Ehime Prefectural Matsuyama Central Senior High School and

970-523: A forum at the Oberlin Public Library that attracted over 200 people, including members of the college administration, the Oberlin city council and national press, saw speakers compare the atmosphere of the college to "a gated community". In September 2014, on Rosh Hashanah , Oberlin Students for Free Palestine placed 2,133 black flags in the main square of the campus as a "call to action" in honor of

1067-474: A group exodus of Oneida students, and others from upstate New York, to come to Lane. "Lane was Oneida moved west." This coincided with the emergence of "immediatism": the call for immediate and uncompensated freeing of all slaves, which at the time was a radical idea, and the rejection of "colonization", sending freed slaves to Africa by the American Colonization Society . "The anti-slavery and

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1164-520: A manual labor school located just outside Cincinnati, were looking for students. Weld visited Cincinnati in 1832, determined that the school would do, got the approval of the Tappans, and by providing recommendations to them took over as de facto head of the Seminary, to the point of choosing the president ( Lyman Beecher , after Finney turned it down) and telling the trustees whom to hire. He organized and led

1261-832: A medal of honor from the Emperor of Japan for her service to the Japanese people. She died in Geneva , Switzerland, on November 3, 1928, at the age of 72. Her ashes were interred in the Yokohama Foreign Cemetery , Yokohama , Japan, at the gravesite of her mother and her brother George Hawthorne Scidmore, US consul to Japan. Oberlin College Oberlin College is a private liberal arts college and conservatory of music in Oberlin, Ohio , United States. Founded in 1833, it

1358-531: A number of hours daily, in which nothing is required of the student." ) He was charged with finding a site for "a great national manual labor institution where training for the Western ministry could be provided for poor but earnest young men who had dedicated their lives to the home missionary cause in the vast valley of the Mississippi." By coincidence, the administrators of new and barely-functioning Lane Seminary ,

1455-445: A pamphlet explaining their decision. A trustee, Asa Mahan , resigned also, and the trustees fired John Morgan, a faculty member who supported the students. A chance encounter with Shipherd, who was travelling around Ohio recruiting students for his new Collegiate Institute, led to the proposal that they come to Oberlin, along with Mahan and the fired Lane professor. They did so, but only after Oberlin agreed to their conditions: "In

1552-703: A recognized U.S. expert on Japan. It was followed by a short guidebook, Westward to the Far East (1892), written for the Canadian Pacific Railway . Influenced by her experiences in Japan, Eliza entertained visions of creating a cherry blossom park in Washington, D.C. She first approached the city's park overseers about the idea in the 1880s, but they showed no interest. More than two decades passed before Eliza found an ally in First Lady Helen Taft , who took up

1649-418: A system of trams and buses that serve as the city's main modes of public transportation. Matsuyama is one of the few Japanese cities that did not do away with its original tram system, which has been continually operated since 1887. In addition to on friendship city, Matsuyama has three sister cities , as designated by Sister Cities International : The city is known for its hot springs ( onsen ), among

1746-552: A tradition that began at the Oneida Institute of Science and Industry , in Oneida County, New York , near Utica . Oneida was "a hotbed of anti-slavery activity", "abolitionist to the core, more so than any other American college." A fundraising trip to England sought funds for both colleges. Oberlin's anti-slavery activities supplanted those of Oneida, which fell on hard times and closed in 1843. Funding previously provided by

1843-691: A year flock to Washington to enjoy the sakura surrounding the Tidal Basin, the Jefferson Memorial, and in other areas of the capital, particularly during the National Cherry Blossom Festival . Scidmore's affiliations in Washington included membership in the National Geographic Society . In 1892 she was elected secretary of the organization, making her the first woman to serve on its governing board. Eliza contributed about

1940-420: Is a fascinating document. It has strong communal overtones, though, in the end, private property is allowed. It is very keen on plain, straight living—no smoking, no chewing [tobacco], no coffee or tea; jewelry and tight dresses are explicitly renounced, as are fancy houses, furniture, and carriages. But the main thrust of the covenant is clearly toward missionary education to save a perishing world. The terms of

2037-455: Is also remembered in Matsuyama because of the contributions of two Japanese military leaders, the Akiyama brothers, Akiyama Saneyuki and Akiyama Yoshifuru , who were born in the city. Matsuyama has several important museums. The Museum of Art, Ehime is the city's main art museum, its collections emphasizing the works of regional artists. The Shiki Memorial Museum is a museum that focuses on

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2134-688: Is described as "a time for students to pursue interests outside of regular course offerings through immersive learning experiences." Students may work alone or in groups, either on or off campus, and may design their own project or pick from a list of projects and internships set up by the college each year. Students must complete a winter term project three years out of their four in the College of Arts and Sciences. Projects range from serious academic research with co-authorship in scientific journals, humanitarian projects, making films about historic Chicago neighborhoods, and learning how to bartend. A full-credit project

2231-413: Is located on the college campus. Conservatory admission is selective, with over 1400 applicants worldwide auditioning for 120 seats. There are 500 performances yearly, most free of charge, with concerts and recitals almost daily. The Conservatory was one of the recipients of the 2009 National Medal of Arts . The Allen Memorial Art Museum , with over 13,000 holdings, was the first college art museum west of

2328-563: Is set in Matsuyama. As a result, there are numerous sites and locales named after the main character, including Botchan Stadium , the Botchan Ressha (an antique train that runs on the city's tramway), and Botchan dango . Matsuyama also figures in several works by Shiba Ryōtarō , notably his popular novel, Saka no Ue no Kumo [Clouds Above the Hill] (1969). In anticipation of the upcoming NHK Taiga drama adaptation of Saka no Ue no Kumo ,

2425-501: Is significant throughout the year, and is heavier from April to July as well as in September. Per Japanese census data, the population of Matsuyama grew steadily throughout the 20th century but has plateaued in the 21st and declined somewhat in the 2010s. The area of Uwajima was part of ancient Iyo Province . Dōgo Onsen was already famous in the Asuka period , and Shōtoku Taishi visited

2522-688: Is suggested to involve five to six hours per weekday. Created in 2005 as a part of the Northeast Ohio Collegiate Entrepreneurship Program (NEOCEP), a Kauffman Campuses Initiative, and sponsored by the Burton D. Morgan and Ewing Marion Kauffman , the department is focused on supporting and highlighting entrepreneurship within the student body. This is done through a series of classes, symposia, Winter Term programs, grants, and fellowships available at no cost to current students and in some cases, recent alumni. One such opportunity

2619-461: Is the Creativity and Leadership Fellowship, a one-year fellowship for graduating seniors that includes a stipend of up to $ 30,000 to advance an entrepreneurial venture. In 2012, the Creativity and Leadership department announced LaunchU, a business accelerator open to Oberlin College students and alumni who are pursuing an entrepreneurial venture. The selective, three-week intensive program connects

2716-465: Is the capital city of Ehime Prefecture , on the island of Shikoku , in Japan and is also Shikoku's largest city. As of 1 October 2022 , the city had an estimated population of 505,948 in 243,541 households and a population density of 1,200 persons per km . The total area of the city is 429.35 square kilometres (165.77 sq mi). Matsuyama is located in central Ehime Prefecture, facing

2813-503: Is the oldest coeducational college in the United States, having admitted four women in 1837 to its two-year "women's program". These four women, who were the first to enter as full students, were Mary Kellogg (Fairchild), Mary Caroline Rudd, Mary Hosford, and Elizabeth Prall. All but Kellogg graduated. Mary Jane Patterson graduated with honors in 1862, the first black woman to earn a B.A. degree. Soon, women were fully integrated into

2910-455: Is the oldest coeducational liberal arts college in the United States and the second-oldest continuously operating coeducational institute of higher learning in the world. The Oberlin Conservatory of Music is the oldest continuously operating conservatory in the United States. In 1835, Oberlin became one of the first colleges in the United States to admit African Americans, and in 1837,

3007-715: The Boxer Rebellion . The Oberlin Shansi Memorial Association , an independent foundation, was established in their memory. The Association, with offices on campus, sponsors Oberlin graduates to teach in China, India, and Japan. It also hosts scholars and artists from Asia to spend time on the Oberlin campus. Henry Churchill King became Oberlin's sixth president in 1902. At Oberlin from 1884 onward, he taught in mathematics, philosophy, and theology. Robert K. Carr served as Oberlin College president from 1960 to 1970, during

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3104-784: The Ehime Prefectural Matsuyama Higashi High School and two national high schools operated by Ehime University. There are two private combined middle/high schools and 11 private high schools. The prefecture also operates two special education schools for the handicapped. Matsuyama has one Korean school (Chōsen gakkō), the Shikoku Korean Elementary and Junior High School ( 四国朝鮮初中級学校 ) [REDACTED] Shikoku Railway Company - Yosan Line [REDACTED] Iyotetsu - Takahama Line [REDACTED] Iyotetsu - Yokogawara Line [REDACTED] Iyotetsu - Gunchū Line Iyo Railway also operates

3201-692: The Lorain County jail. In 1866, James Fairchild became Oberlin's third president, and first alumnus to lead it. A committed abolitionist , Fairchild, at that point chair of theology and moral philosophy, had played a role in the Oberlin-Wellington Rescue, hiding fugitive slave John Price in his home. During Fairchild's tenure, the faculty and physical plant of the college expanded dramatically. In 1889, he resigned as president but remained as chair of systematic theology . In 1896, Fairchild returned as acting president until 1898. Oberlin College

3298-784: The Oberlin College Conservatory of Music . Despite increasing minority hiring, Starr's tenure was marked by clashes with students over divestment from South Africa and the dismissal of a campus minister, as well as Starr's reframing Oberlin as the "Harvard of the Midwest". A particularly vitriolic clash with students on the front lawn of his home in April 1990 led Starr to take a leave of absence from July 1991 to February 1992. He resigned in March 1993, effective in June of that year. Nancy Dye became

3395-563: The Ohio Western Reserve . When the Oberlin Collegiate Institute was formed in 1833 the founders did not anticipate including black Americans in the student body. Additionally, the slavery question did not play any part in the college's or colony's establishment. Such matters arose only when Oberlin's trustees agreed to admit the Lane Seminary Rebels from Cincinnati to Oberlin. The Lane Rebels collectively demanded that students at

3492-599: The OhioLINK consortium. In the summer of 2007, the main level of the main library was converted into an Academic Commons that provides integrated learning support and is a hub of both academic and social activity. The college's "Experimental College" or ExCo program, a student-run department, allows any student or interested person to teach their own class for a limited amount of college credit. ExCo classes by definition focus on material not covered by existing departments or faculty. Oberlin's Winter term, occurring each January,

3589-534: The Russo-Japanese War became the basis for Scidmore's only known work of fiction, As the Hague Ordains (1907). The novel purports to be the account of the wife of a Russian prisoner, who joins her husband at a prison hospital in Matsuyama . After As the Hague Ordains , Scidmore published no new books and a dwindling number of articles for National Geographic , the last being a 1914 article titled "Young Japan". Tributes to Eliza R. Scidmore during her lifetime included

3686-955: The Seto Inland Sea to the north, the mountains of the Takanawa Peninsula to the north and east, and the Saragamine Mountain Range, an extension of the Shikoku Mountains , to the south. It is located on the northeastern portion of the Dōgo Plain. The city also includes the Kutsuna Islands, an archipelago of 29 islands in the Seto Inland Sea. Ehime Prefecture Matsuyama has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfa ; Trewartha climate classification Cf ) with hot summers and cool winters. Precipitation

3783-818: The Underground Railroad , where Oberlin was a stop, as well as to resist the Fugitive Slave Act . One historian called Oberlin "the town that started the Civil War " due to its reputation as a hotbed of abolitionism . In 1858, both students and faculty were involved in the controversial Oberlin–Wellington Rescue of a fugitive slave, which received national press coverage. Two participants in this raid, Lewis Sheridan Leary and John Anthony Copeland , along with another Oberlin resident, Shields Green , also participated in John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry . This heritage

3880-635: The lower house of the Diet of Japan . Matsuyama is a major regional commercial center. Key industries include agriculture represented by mandarin oranges , tourism centered around Dōgo Onsen and Matsuyama Castle, and manufacturing centered on chemical fibers. Industrial areas spread along the coast near airports and harbors, including the Teijin Group's largest production base, and factories of Miura ( boiler manufacturer), Iseki ( tractor and engine equipment), Hatada Ichiroku (Japanese style confectionery ), Poem,

3977-658: The 13th president of Oberlin College in July 1994, succeeding the embattled Starr. Oberlin's first female president, she oversaw the construction of new buildings, increased admissions selectivity, and helped increase the endowment with the largest capital campaign to that point. Dye was known for her accessibility and inclusiveness. Especially in her early years, she was a regular attendee at football games, concerts, and dorm parties. Dye served as president for nearly 13 years, resigning on June 30, 2007. Marvin Krislov served as president of

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4074-483: The 1880s with the fading of evangelical idealism. Nonetheless, Oberlin graduates accounted for a significant percentage of African-American college graduates by the end of the 19th century. One such black alumnus was William Howard Day , who would go on to found Cleveland's first black newspaper, The Aliened American . The college was listed as a National Historic Landmark on December 21, 1965, for its significance in admitting African Americans and women. Oberlin

4171-449: The 2,133 Palestinians who died in the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict . In January 2016, hundreds of Oberlin alumni signed a letter to the Oberlin administration stating that this protest was an example of anti-Semitism on the campus. Oberlin SFP responded with their own letter, detailing why protest of Israel does not constitute anti-semitism. They wrote, "Feeling discomfort because one must confront

4268-535: The 2023-2024 edition of U.S. News & World Report ' s "Best Colleges" ranking. Of Oberlin's nearly 3,000 students, nearly 2,400 are enrolled in the College of Arts & Sciences, a little over 400 in the Conservatory of Music, and the remaining 180 or so in both College and Conservatory under the five-year Double-Degree program. The College of Arts & Sciences offers over 50 majors, minors, and concentrations. Its most popular undergraduate majors, based on 2023 graduates, were: The Conservatory of Music

4365-628: The Alleghenies. The Oberlin College Libraries has branches for art, music, and science, a central storage facility, and the Mary Church Terrell Main Library. The libraries have collections of print and media materials and provide access to various online databases and journals. Beyond the 2.4 million-plus items available on campus, Oberlin students have access to more than 46 million volumes from over 85 Ohio institutions through

4462-482: The Civil War. She later attended Oberlin College , though she never completed a degree. She broke into newspaper work in the 1870s and started her career as a "society writer" in Washington. A keen interest in geography led her to became a writer of travel "letters" for newspapers. Accounts of her voyages to the territory of Alaska in the summers of 1883 and 1884 resulted in her first book, Alaska, Its Southern Coast and

4559-529: The Long-Lived Empire (1900); and Winter India (1903). In a review of Winter India, a writer for Town & Country praised Scidmore for avoiding areas primarily settled by British colonial authorities, and spending substantial time and effort writing about parts of India that were not in popular Western imagination at the time. These included historical cities such as Madurai, Tanjore (now Thanjavur), and Madras (now Chennai). Another stay in Japan during

4656-560: The Oberlin covenant, as summarized by Shipherd, were: Each member of the colony shall consider himself a steward of the Lord, & hold only so much property as he can advantageously manage for the Lord. Everyone, regardless of worldly maxims, shall return to Gospel simplicity of dress, diet, houses, and furniture, all appertaining to him, & be industrious & economical with the view of earning & saving as much as possible, not to hoard up for old age, & for children, but to glorify God in

4753-632: The Sitkan Archipelago (1885). She later wrote a second, more comprehensive book on Alaska, issued in 1893 by the guidebook company Appleton's . The professional position of her brother, George Hawthorne Scidmore , a career diplomat who served in the Far East from 1884 to 1922, prompted Eliza's frequent travels to Japan, beginning in 1885. His diplomatic position gave her advantages in reporting on areas and subjects not generally accessible to ordinary travelers. Jinrikisha Days in Japan , published in 1891, became one of her best-known books and made her

4850-558: The United States". Oberlin sent forth cadres of minister-abolitionists every year: From this fountain streams of anti-slavery influence began at once to flow. Pamphlets, papers, letters, lecturers and preachers, and school teachers, some five hundred each winter, went forth everywhere preaching the anti-slavery word. It was the influence emanating from this school that saved our country in its great hour of peril. There were thousands of other co-operating influences, but had that which went out from Oberlin been subtracted, there can hardly remain

4947-554: The building-trades, and with the SCLC participated in demonstrations at Hammermill Paper . In 1995, Emeritus Professor of Sociology (1966–2007), James Leo Walsh told The Oberlin Review that students "carried out dozens of protests against the Vietnam war ranging from peaceful picketing to surrounding a local naval recruiter's car". In November 2002, 100 college workers, students, and faculty held

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5044-557: The burgeoning U.S. conservation movement . An article she published in The Century Magazine in September 1893, titled "Our New National Forest Reserves," described the country's new wilderness preservation policy and its importance for the public good. Scidmore's continued travels across the Far East resulted in several more books, including Java, the Garden of the East (1897); China,

5141-526: The chair of intellectual and moral philosophy and professor of theology . Mahan's strong advocacy of immediatism—the immediate and complete freeing of all slaves—greatly influenced the philosophy of the college. The same year, two years after its founding, the school began admitting African Americans. The college experienced financial distress, and Rev. John Keep and William Dawes were sent to England to raise funds in 1839–40. A nondenominational seminary, Oberlin's Graduate School of Theology (first called

5238-473: The city of Hōjō , and town of Nakajima (from the former Onsen District ). Matsuyama has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 42 members. Matsuyama, together with Kumakōgen, contributes 16 members to the Ehime Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is split between Ehime 1st district And Ehime 2nd district of

5335-544: The college from 2007 to 2017, moving on to assume the presidency of Pace University . On May 30, 2017, Carmen Twillie Ambar was announced as the 15th president of Oberlin College, becoming the first African-American person and second woman to hold the position. Oberlin's first and only hired trade union expert, Chris Howell, argued that the college engaged in "illegal" tactics to attempt to decertify its service workers' July 1999 vote to become members of United Automobile Workers union. Howell wrote that college workers sought

5432-599: The college was found liable for libel and tortious interference in a lawsuit initiated by the store ; the bakery was awarded damages of $ 44 million by the jury, but a legal cap on damages reduced the award to $ 31.5 million. In October 2019, the college appealed the case to the Ohio District Courts of Appeals in Akron, Ohio. On March 31, 2022, the Court of Appeals unanimously dismissed both appeals, Oberlin and Gibson, upholding

5529-494: The college, and comprised from a third to half of the student body. The religious founders, especially evangelical theologian Charles Grandison Finney , saw women as morally superior to men. Oberlin ceased operating for seven months in 1839 and 1840 due to lack of funds, making it the second-oldest continuously operating coeducational liberal arts college in the United States . Mahan, who was often in conflict with faculty, resigned his position as president in 1850. Replacing him

5626-501: The colonization questions had become exciting ones throughout the whole country, and the students deemed it to be their duty thoroughly to examine them, in view of their bearing upon their future responsibilities as ministers of the gospel." Shortly after their arrival at Lane, the Oneida contingent held a lengthy, well-publicized series of debates, over 18 days during February 1834, on the topic of abolition versus colonization, concluding with

5723-538: The corporate name, "Oberlin College Institute"[,] was chosen. Oberlin was very much a part of the Utopian perfectionist enthusiasm that swept the country in the 1830s. "Shipherd came close to being a Christian communist , and as he traveled about the country signing up recruits for the Oberlin colony, he carried with him a copy of the Oberlin covenant, which each colonist was required to sign." The Oberlin covenant

5820-498: The early 14th century, as well as Hōgon-ji (宝厳寺), Taihō-ji (大宝寺) and Enmyō-ji (円明寺). Shrines of the city include Isaniwa Jinja (伊佐爾波神社), built in 1667. The haiku poet Masaoka Shiki lived in Matsuyama. His house, now known as the Shiki-do , and a museum, the Shiki Memorial Museum , are popular attractions, and the centerpieces of the city's claim as a center of the international haiku movement. Other haiku poets associated with Matsuyama include Kurita Chodō , whose Kōshin-an

5917-457: The endorsement of the former and rejection of the latter. (Although announced as debate, no one spoke in favor of colonization on any of the evenings.) The trustees and administrators of Lane, fearful of violence like the Cincinnati riots of 1829 , prohibited off-topic discussions, even at meals. The Lane Rebels, including almost all of Lane's theological students, among them the entire Oneida contingent, resigned en masse in December, and published

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6014-509: The first to admit women (other than Franklin College 's brief experiment in the 1780s). It has been known since its founding for progressive student activism. The College of Arts & Sciences offers more than 60 majors, minors, and concentrations. Oberlin is a member of the Great Lakes Colleges Association and the Five Colleges of Ohio consortium. Oberlin College was preceded by Oberlin Institute , founded in 1833. The college's founders wrote voluminously and were featured prominently in

6111-480: The home of a Jewish professor at Oberlin was vandalized and a note that read "Gas Jews Die" was left on his front door. Oberlin came under federal investigation in late 2023 by the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights for alleged breach of Title VI, which protects students from discrimination because of their religion. The focus of the investigation was on past statements of Professor Mohammad Jafar Mahallati , which some viewed as antisemitic. In 2016,

6208-425: The jury verdict and Judge Miraldi's decisions. The Supreme Court of Ohio chose to not accept the appeal and cross-appeal on August 29, 2022. In December 2022, Oberlin College paid Gibson's Bakery $ 36.59 million, the entire amount due. "We hope that the end of the litigation will begin the healing of our entire community", said the college. Oberlin was ranked tied for the 51st-best national liberal arts college in

6305-416: The life and work of Masaoka Shiki , with special attention to his contribution to haiku . The Saka no Ue no Kumo Museum features exhibits connected with the novel and television series. There is a Juzo Itami museum dedicated to the film director. Products ( meibutsu ) of Matsuyama include tarts and Botchan dango . In the 17th century, the lord of Matsuyama castle Sadayuki Matsudaira (松平定行) introduced

6402-437: The millennium, God's triumphant reign on Earth. Finney's desires were one thing, but Shipherd believed that the Lord's work for him lay farther west." Shipherd attempted to convince Finney to accompany him west, which he did in 1835. Oberlin was to be a pious, simple-living community in a sparsely populated area, of which the school, training ministers and missionaries, would be the centerpiece. The Oberlin Collegiate Institute

6499-436: The oldest in Japan, and is home to the Dōgo Onsen Honkan , a Meiji Period wooden public bathhouse dating from 1894. A second favorite tourist spot is Matsuyama Castle . Eight of the eighty-eight temples in the Shikoku Pilgrimage are in Matsuyama. Buddhist temples in Matsuyama include Ishite-ji (石手寺), Taisan-ji (太山寺), and Jōdo-ji (浄土寺), all dating back to the 8th century, although the oldest surviving buildings are from

6596-403: The participants with other entrepreneurs and business leaders chosen from the surrounding northeast Ohio region as well as the extensive Oberlin College alumni network. LaunchU culminates in a public pitch competition before a guest panel of investors, where the participants have the opportunity to be awarded up to $ 15,000 in funding. The winner of the 2014 LaunchU pitch competition was Chai Energy,

6693-434: The philanthropist brothers Lewis and Arthur Tappan was transferred to Oberlin. Oberlin became the new "academic powder keg for abolitionism." Oneida was founded by George Washington Gale , of whom Oberlin President Charles Grandison Finney was a disciple. The institute's second and final President, Beriah Green , moved to Oneida after he proved too abolitionist for Western Reserve College , Oberlin's early competitor in

6790-506: The press, especially the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator , in which the name Oberlin occurred 352 times by 1865. Original documents and correspondence survive and are readily available. There is a "wealth of primary documents and scholarly works". Robert Samuel Fletcher (class of 1920) published a history in 1943, that is a landmark and the point of departure of all subsequent studies of Oberlin's history. His disciple Geoffrey Blodgett (1953) continued Fletcher's work. "'Oberlin'

6887-410: The process of tart-making, originally brought to Japan by the Portuguese, to Matsuyama. At first it was a Castella with jam. According to legend Sadayuki made some changes, such as adding red bean paste . Now there are many kinds and makers of tarts in Matsuyama; some add yuzu paste or chestnut to the red bean paste. In addition to tarts, Botchan dango is also a product of Matsuyama. Botchan dango

6984-471: The project with enthusiasm in 1909. With the first lady's active support, plans moved quickly. But the first effort was aborted when an initial shipment of several thousand trees sent as a gift from Tokyo were found to be infested and had to be destroyed. A second attempt proved successful, leading to the planting of the first cherry trees in West Potomac Park in 1912. Today, more than a million visitors

7081-551: The realities of Operation Protective Edge carried out in the name of the safety of the Jewish people does not amount to anti-Semitism." In early 2016, an Oberlin professor, Joy Karega, suggested Israel was behind 9/11 and blamed it for the Charlie Hebdo attacks and for ISIS , prompting a rebuke from faculty and administration. After five-and-a-half months of discussion, the school suspended and then fired her. The following week,

7178-496: The salvation of men: And that no one need to be tempted to hoard up, the colonists (as members of one body, of which Christ is the head), mutually pledge that they will provide in all respects for the widowed, orphan, & all the needy as well as for themselves & households. With the noble exception of the Oneida Institute in the state of New York, which, in the midst of persecution, has stood erect and preeminently true to

7275-535: The seminary have the right to freely debate antislavery issues, and that the seminary's faculty members manage the affairs of the institution. The charismatic Theodore Dwight Weld , after three years (1827–1830) studying with Gale at Oneida, was hired by the new Society for Promoting Manual Labor in Literary Institutions , a project of the Tappans. (By "literary institutions" what is meant is non-religious schools, as in "In every literary institution there are

7372-496: The slave, mighty in its free testimony, and terrible to the oppressor, the Institution of Oberlin is the only one in the United States in which the black and colored student finds a home, where he is fully and joyously regarded as a man and a brother. The Lane Rebels are commonly mentioned in the early history of Oberlin. These original Oberlin students, who had little to do with Lane other than walking out on it, were carrying on

7469-657: The spa in the year 596. It is also mentioned in passing in The Tale of Genji . At the end of the Heian period , Kōno Michinobu supported Minamoto no Yoritomo against the Heike clan during the Genpei War and was awarded with a position as shugo of Iyo Province. In the Muromachi period , the clan made their stronghold at Yuzuki Castle , near Dōgo Onsen, and developed the port of Mitsuhama to

7566-484: The student body by tripling the enrollment of minorities at the college. He recruited and hired the first four African-American athletic coaches at a predominantly white American college or university, including Tommie Smith , the gold medalist sprinter from the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City . In 1970, Oberlin made the cover of Life as one of the first colleges in the country to have co-ed dormitories. Fuller

7663-658: The summer of 1835, they all arrived in Oberlin—President Mahan, Father Finney, Professor Morgan, the Lane rebels, the first black students, and the Tappans' money." The Oberlin Anti-Slavery Society, calling for "immediate emancipation", was founded in June 1835. The names of Shipherd, Mahan, and Finney are first on its founding document, followed by names of the Oneida contingent. Oberlin replaced Oneida as "the hot-bed of Abolitionism", "the most progressive college in

7760-474: The surrounding country and the world—a sort of missionary institution for training laborers for the work abroad"—the school to be conducted on the manual labor system , and to be open to both young men and young women. It was not proposed to establish a college but simply an academy for instruction in English and useful languages; and, if providence should favor it, in "practical Theology". In accordance with this plan

7857-550: The tumultuous period of student activism. Under his presidency, the school's physical plant added 15 new buildings. Under his leadership, student involvement in college affairs increased, with students serving on nearly all college committees as voting members (including the board of trustees). Despite these accomplishments, Carr clashed repeatedly with the students over the Vietnam War , and he left office in 1969 with history professor Ellsworth C. Clayton becoming acting president. Carr

7954-463: The undergraduate Theological Department), was established alongside the college in 1833. In 1965, the board of trustees voted to discontinue graduate instruction in theology at Oberlin, and in September 1966, six faculty members and 22 students merged with the Divinity School of Vanderbilt University . Oberlin's role as an educator of African-American students prior to the Civil War and thereafter

8051-529: The union's representation in response to the administration's effort to "speed up work" to meet a "mounting budget crisis". In February 2013, the college received significant press concerning its so-called "No Trespass List", a secret list maintained by the college of individuals barred from campus without due process. Student activists and members of the surrounding town joined to form the One Town Campaign, which challenged this policy. On February 13, 2013,

8148-472: The west to link the area to Honshū and Kyūshū . The clan was conquered by Toyotomi Hideyoshi during his invasion of Shikoku, and later the area became part of Iyo-Matsuyama Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate . A jōkamachi developed around Matsuyama Castle , and this is the core of the modern city. The city was established with the creation of the modern municipality system on December 15, 1889. The city

8245-476: Was an idea before it was a place." It began in revelation and dreams: Yankees' motivation to emigrate west, attempting perfection in God's eyes, "educating a missionary army of Christian soldiers to save the world and inaugurate God's government on earth, and the radical notion that slavery was America's most horrendous sin that should be instantly repented of and immediately brought to an end." Its immediate background

8342-453: Was bombed on July 26, 1945, in the final stages of World War II , with 251 civilians killed and over 55% of the city area destroyed. In the twentieth century, various mergers joined Matsuyama with neighboring towns of Dōgo , Mitsuhama , and other townships, aided by urban sprawl , creating a seamless modern city that now ranks as the largest in Shikoku. On October 1, 2018, Matsuyama absorbed

8439-460: Was commemorated on campus by the 1977 installation of sculptor Cameron Armstrong's "Underground Railroad Monument", a railroad track rising from the ground toward the sky, and monuments to the Oberlin-Wellington Rescue and the Harper's Ferry Raid, which followed an 1841 incident in which a group of "fanatical abolition anarchists" from Oberlin, using saws and axes, freed two captured fugitive slaves from

8536-423: Was famed abolitionist and preacher Charles Grandison Finney, a professor at the college since its founding, who served until 1866. At the same time, the institute was renamed Oberlin College , and in 1851 received a charter with that name. Under Finney's leadership, Oberlin's faculty and students increased their abolitionist activity. They participated with the townspeople in efforts to assist fugitive slaves on

8633-497: Was forced to resign in 1970. Oberlin (and Princeton ) alumnus Robert W. Fuller 's commitment to educational reform—which he had already demonstrated as a Trinity College dean—led his alma mater to make him its tenth president in November 1970. At 33 years old, Fuller became one of the youngest college presidents in U.S. history. During his Oberlin presidency—a turbulent time at Oberlin and in higher education generally—Fuller reshaped

8730-660: Was founded in 1833 by Shipherd and another Presbyterian minister, Philo Stewart, "formerly a missionary among the Cherokees in Mississippi, and at that time residing in Mr. Shipherd's family," who was studying Divinity with Shipherd. The institute was built on 500 acres (2 km ) of land donated by Titus Street, founder of Streetsboro, Ohio , and Samuel Hughes, who lived in Connecticut . Shipherd and Stewert named their project after Alsatian minister Jean-Frédéric Oberlin , about whom

8827-686: Was named after the novel Botchan by Natsume Sōseki . It consists of three bean paste beads of three flavors, matcha , egg, and red bean paste. Within the paste is contained mochi . Matsuyama is the site of a number of festivals, including the Dogo Festival, held in the spring, the Matsuyama Festival, held in August, and the Fall Festival, held in October, which features battling mikoshi . The city

8924-595: Was prominent in sending Christian missionaries abroad. In 1881, students at Oberlin formed the Oberlin Band to journey as a group to remote Shanxi province in China. A total of 30 members of the Oberlin Band worked in Shanxi as missionaries over the next two decades. Ten died of disease, and in 1900, fifteen of the Oberlin missionaries, including wives and children, were killed by Boxers or Chinese government soldiers during

9021-698: Was ranked among The Princeton Review 's list of "Colleges with a Conscience" in 2005. In the 1960s, Memorial Arch became a rallying point for the college's civil rights activists and its anti-war movement. Oberlin supplied a disproportionate number of participants in Mississippi Freedom Summer, rebuilt the Antioch Missionary Baptist Church in the Carpenters for Christmas project, supported NAACP sponsored sit-ins in Cleveland to integrate

9118-607: Was significant. In 1844, Oberlin Collegiate Institute graduated its first black student, George Boyer Vashon , who later became one of the founding professors of Howard University and the first black lawyer admitted to the Bar in New York State. The college's treatment of African Americans was inconsistent. Although intensely anti-slavery, and admitting black students from 1835, the school began segregating its black students by

9215-400: Was succeeded by the longtime Dean of the Conservatory, Emil Danenberg , who served as president from 1975 to 1982, and died in office. In 1983, following a nationwide search, Oberlin hired S. Frederick Starr , an expert on Russian and Eurasian affairs and skilled musician, as its 12th president. Starr's academic and musical accomplishments boded well for his stewardship of both the college and

9312-514: Was the wave of Christian revivals in western New York State, in which Charles Finney was very much involved. "Oberlin was the offspring of the revivals of 1830, '31, and '32." Oberlin founder John Jay Shipherd was an admirer of Finney, and visited him in Rochester, New York , when en route to Ohio for the first time. Finney invited Shipherd to stay with him as an assistant, but Shipherd "felt that he had his own important part to play in bringing on

9409-631: Was visited by Kobayashi Issa , Shiki's followers, Takahama Kyoshi and Kawahigashi Hekigoto , and Taneda Santōka . Santoka's house, known as Isso-an, is also a tourist attraction and is periodically open to the public. The Matsuyama Declaration of 1999 proposed the formation of the International Haiku Research Center, and the first Masaoka Shiki International Haiku Awards were given in 2000. Recipients have included Yves Bonnefoy (2000), Cor van den Heuvel (2002) and Gary Snyder (2004). The famed novel Botchan by Natsume Sōseki

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