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81-689: The East Midlands Oil Province , also known as the East Midlands Petroleum Province, covers the petroliferous geological area across the north-eastern part of the East Midlands of England that has a few small oil fields. The largest field in the province is the Welton oil field, the second largest onshore oil field in the UK . It comprises Lincolnshire , North Lincolnshire , Nottinghamshire and northern Leicestershire . The UK's first oil field

162-711: A Variscan inversion anticline on a boundary fault of the Dinatian -Namurian Gainsborough Trough . It was discovered in May 1986 by RTZ ( Rio Tinto Group ), with production starting in October 1987. Just north-east of Scunthorpe , near the junction of the A1077 and A1029, just north of the Corus steel works. Just south of a Romano-British settlement. Originally run by Edinburgh Oil & Gas, then bought by Europa Oil & Gas on 30 November 2006. Oil

243-577: A dynamometer car . The national electric-train speed record (pre- High Speed 1 ) of 162 mph (261 km/h) was set on the same stretch as the Mallard record, on 17 September 1989 by Class 91 91010. There were plans to bring a new high-speed rail line through the East Midlands as part of the High Speed 2 project, of which Phase 2 would have brought a new line connecting Birmingham to Leeds , with

324-623: A mini golf course. Caunton Mill, also known as Sharp's Mill, was a 43 ft brick tower windmill, with an ogee cap, built before 1825. It was out of use in the 1930s. The mill survives without its cap, machinery and gallery. As part of the East Midlands Oil Province , oil imports from the Abadan Refinery in Iran were hampered, until Sicily was invaded in July 1943. So the only alternative

405-681: A sufficiency-level world city ranking, Nottingham is the only settlement in the region to be classified by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network . The region is primarily served by East Midlands Airport , which lies between Derby, Leicester and Nottingham. The main cities in the region are Derby , Leicester , Lincoln and Nottingham . The largest towns in these counties are Boston , Chesterfield , Coalville , Corby , Glossop , Grantham , Kettering , Loughborough , Northampton , Mansfield , Oakham , Swadlincote and Wellingborough . The highest point at 636 m (2,087 ft)

486-715: A 15-foot (4.6 m) plesiosaurus which was displayed in Scunthorpe Natural History Museum. In February 1976, Tony Benn, the Secretary of State for Energy, gave permission for British Gas, BP Petroleum Development and Candecca Resources (on the Unlisted Securities Market , mostly owned by Sceptre Resources of Canada, originally called Decca Resources) to drill in the area. Candecca bought Cambrian Exploration in January 1980, which gave it joint ownership of

567-402: A county level. As a region today, there is no overriding body with significant financial or planning powers for the East Midlands. The East Midlands Combined Authority will be established in 2024. The East Midlands region contains many urban areas which include: Major towns and cities in the East Midlands region include: 9% of all jobs in the region are in logistics . Traffic in

648-608: A joint LTP in collaboration with their respective local county councils. A historical basis for such a region exists in the territory of the Corieltauvi tribe. When the Romans took control, they made Leicester ( Ratae Corieltauvorum ) one of their main forts. The main town in the region in Roman times was Lincoln , at the confluence of the Fosse Way and Ermine Street . After the withdrawal of

729-516: A major series of Carboniferous rift basins. Oil is found in Silesian sandstones and fractured Dinantian limestones . Most oil is transported by road tanker. It is the main part of the East Midlands Province oilfield, where thirty three oil fields have been discovered, including areas outside of Lincolnshire. Oil had been discovered by BP at Corringham in May 1958, at 4,400 ft, with

810-524: A net importer of oil in 2004. UK consumption of petroleum increases each year. Per capita consumption of oil annually is about 1.3 tonnes. The UK has the capacity to refine 92 million tonnes of crude oil a year. Currently the North Sea is producing around 1.5m barrels of oil a day. The peak was in 2000 at 4.5m a day. The Brent oilfield is being decommissioned. The United Kingdom Continental Shelf has reserves of between 12 - 24bn barrels. In 2014, around 14% of

891-797: A proposed station in Toton known as the East Midlands Hub It would also have served the region via "classic-compatible" tracks serving Chesterfield and Sheffield , the latter of which is just outside the region in Yorkshire & the Humber . The Trent is a navigable river used to transport goods to the Humber , as well as passing by many power stations. The Trent is the only river in England able to supply cooling water for power stations for most of its length; it has

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972-497: A radio receiver installed in a van at Litchborough (just off the A5 about 6 miles (9.7 km) south of Daventry) to receive signals bounced off a metal-clad Handley Page Heyford bomber flying across the radio transmissions. The interference picked up from the aircraft allowed its approximate navigational position to be estimated, and therefore proved that it was possible to detect the position of aircraft using radio waves. The success of

1053-782: A small blowout covering a nearby field. Oil was found at Gainsborough in 1960, Glentworth in 1961, and Torksey in 1962. Oil was also found in Nocton in the 1960s. Found near the A15 and B1398 , just south-west of Caenby Corner and near the (now exhausted) Glentworth Oilfield at Glentworth . Discovered in March 1987 by BP, with production starting in February 1993. Formerly owned by Pentex Oil UK Ltd and now owned by Star Energy . Taken by road tanker to Gainsborough. British Gas found oil in January 1990 at 5,000ft, producing around 120 barrels per day. Scampton B

1134-506: Is BBC Radio Sheffield . In 2016 Bassetlaw District Council voted to become part of the Sheffield City Region because of the strong local ties. Caunton The village is notable for its association with Samuel Hole , who is buried in the churchyard of St. Andrew's Church . He was the village's vicar for a short while before becoming Dean of Rochester and lived in the manor. The manor house now has its own equestrian centre and

1215-714: Is Kinder Scout , in the Peak District of the southern Pennines in northwest Derbyshire near Glossop . Other hilly areas of 95 to 280 m (312 to 919 ft) in altitude, together with lakes and reservoirs, rise in and around the Charnwood Forest north of Peterborough , Leicester , and in the Lincolnshire Wolds . The region's major rivers, the Nene , the Soar , the Trent , and

1296-464: Is actually at Reepham near Sudbrooke on railway, and opened on 21 May 1986 by Alick Buchanan-Smith , the Energy minister. Production began at 600 barrels (95 m) of oil per day, rising to 3,000. The Centre is the home of Star Energy (East Midlands) Ltd on Barfield Lane . In the early 1990s, a 1,000 tonnes of oil was taken on a train to Immingham every other day. When building the centre, BP discovered

1377-404: Is an environmental project in central England run by The National Forest Company. Areas of north Leicestershire, south Derbyshire and south-east Staffordshire covering around 200 square miles (520 km ; 52,000 ha) are being planted in an attempt to blend ancient woodland with new plantings. It stretches from the western outskirts of Leicester in the east to Burton upon Trent in the west, and

1458-466: Is known for Simpson's rule . Roger Cotes invented the concept of the radian in 1714, but the term was not so-named until 1873. Henry Cavendish , loosely connected with Derbyshire, discovered hydrogen in 1766 (although the element's name came from Antoine Lavoisier ), and Cavendish was the first to estimate an accurate mass of the Earth in 1798 in his Cavendish experiment . The Cavendish Laboratory at

1539-482: Is one of nine official regions of England . It comprises the eastern half of the area traditionally known as the Midlands . It consists of Derbyshire , Leicestershire , Lincolnshire (except for North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire ), Northamptonshire , Nottinghamshire , and Rutland . The region has a land area of 15,624 km (6,032 sq mi), with an estimated population 4,934,939 in 2022. With

1620-585: Is planned to link the ancient forests of Needwood and Charnwood. Sherwood Forest in Nottinghamshire attracts many visitors, and is perhaps best known for its ties with the legend of Robin Hood . Regional financial funding decisions for the East Midlands are taken by East Midlands Councils , based in Melton Mowbray . East Midlands Councils is an unelected body made up of representatives of local government in

1701-584: Is the main route carrier at EMA by far with 20 flights per night, UPS have 6, and TNT have 2 (Belfast and Liège); for hubs in Europe, DHL flies to Leipzig , UPS to Cologne , and TNT at Liège . Smaller airports in the region include Retford Gamston Airport , Nottingham Airport , Leicester Airport , Hucknall Airfield , Sywell Aerodrome , Bruntingthorpe Aerodrome and Humberside Airport . Robin Hood Airport Doncaster Sheffield lies just outside

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1782-445: Is the region's biggest public airport, used by over 4 million passengers annually. Rivalry between the region's three biggest cities has led to a long-running discussion about the identity of both the airport, and region, with the East Midlands rarely found on any non-political map of the UK. The name was at one point changed to Nottingham East Midlands Airport so as to include the name of

1863-552: Is the second largest onshore oilfield in the UK after Wytch Farm in Dorset . The next largest is Stockbridge, Hampshire , run by Star Energy. It is even bigger than Eakring, which kept the UK going in World War Two. It is very much larger than all the other onshore fields. It has a predicted total production of 16,740,000  bbl (2,661,000  m ). On Tuesday 3 May 1994 an oil blow out took place near Scothern. The primary school

1944-658: Is the second-largest freight airport in the UK after Heathrow , but most freight from EMA is carried on dedicated planes, whereas most freight from Heathrow is carried on passenger planes (bellyhold). Royal Mail have their main airport hubs at Heathrow and EMA, as EMA is conveniently near the M1 , A42 and A50 . Heathrow takes some 60 per cent of UK air freight, and EMA some 10 per cent, with Stansted, Manchester and Gatwick next. Air freight has grown at EMA from 1994 to 2004 from about 10,000 to over 250,000 tonnes. The main hours of cargo flying are from 20:00–05:00; domestic cargo flies into

2025-860: Is transported by road tanker. Discovered in April 1998 by AltaQuest with production starting in September 1998. Owned by Courage Energy (UK) Ltd and ran by AltaQuest . Oil is taken by road tanker to the ConocoPhillips Humber refinery in Immingham. Production ended in July 2000. Run by Blackland, and previously owned by Floyd Energy. Situated just south of the village. Possible production may take place at Broughton and Brigg in North Lincolnshire. 53°N 1°W  /  53°N 1°W  / 53; -1 East Midlands The East Midlands

2106-530: Is usually tankered direct to ConocoPhillips ' Humber Refinery in South Killingholme near Immingham in North Lincolnshire . Discovered in January 1985 by BP with production starting in May 1990 at Whisby Moor near North Hykeham . Owned and ran by Blackland Park Exploration Ltd, although originally ran by EMOG (East Midlands Oil & Gas - a UK division of Fortune Oil ). The Whisby 4 and now

2187-691: The English Civil War were the Battle of Naseby in northern Northamptonshire on 14 June 1645, and the Battle of Winceby on 11 October 1643 in eastern Lincolnshire. Isaac Newton , born in Grantham in 1642, is perhaps the most prolific scientist. His accomplishments include calculus , Newton's laws of motion , and Newton's law of universal gravitation , among many others. There is a shopping centre named in his honour in Grantham. Thomas Simpson from Leicestershire

2268-494: The Fosse Way , which has linked the south-western and north-eastern parts of England since Roman times. The A43 dual carriageway connects the East Midlands via the M40 motorway corridor with the university city of Oxford , as well as South of England and Solent ports further afield. The historically important A5 runs along the south-west Leicestershire boundary to the south of Lutterworth and Hinckley . The A14 runs through

2349-706: The National Inventors Hall of Fame . Don Grierson at the University of Nottingham was the first to produce a Genetically modified tomato , which became the first GM food on sale in the UK and in the United States. Louis Essen , a Nottingham physicist, made advances in the quartz clock in the 1930s at the National Physical Laboratory in Teddington, to produce the quartz ring clock in 1938, and

2430-576: The North Midlands has been proposed, but this has not taken off. In Bassetlaw , the most northern local authority in the East Midlands area, many of the shared services such as NHS are with South Yorkshire, not with other Midlands areas. The television signal comes mainly from the Emley Moor transmitting station , which broadcasts local news from BBC Look North and Calendar News. And its officially designated BBC Local Radio station in terms of radio coverage

2511-590: The Northampton Loop of the West Coast Main Line . England's primary south-west to north-east Cross Country Route runs through Derby and Chesterfield. Worksop , Mansfield , Lincoln , Matlock , Melton Mowbray , Skegness , Boston , Spalding and Oakham are served by regional services The Chiltern Main Line also serves the western fringe of the region, at Kings's Sutton . A land speed record for trains

East Midlands Oil Province - Misplaced Pages Continue

2592-557: The River Lud at Keddington . Discovered in January 1998 by Candecca, with production beginning in September 1998. Formerly owned 65% by ROC Oil (UK) Ltd and 35% by ROC Oil (CEL) Ltd. Bought in March 2007 by Egdon Resources for £250,000 with the two wells closed. Egdon restarted production in April 2007 and producing about 50 barrels (7.9 m) a day. Up to Feb 2009, produced 192,000 barrels (30,500 m) of oil. Estimated to be 4,000,000 barrels (640,000 m) of oil. Taken by road tanker to

2673-610: The University of Cambridge is named after a relative . Herbert Spencer coined the term " survival of the fittest " in 1864, which was once strongly linked with social Darwinism . Sir John Flamsteed was the first Astronomer Royal of the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in 1675. Robert Bakewell , of Dishley in Leicestershire and known for his English Leicester sheep , arrived at selective breeding ; his English Longhorn were

2754-844: The Welland , flow in a northeasterly direction towards the Humber and the Wash . The Derwent , conversely, rises in the High Peak before flowing south to join the Trent some 2 miles (3 km) before its conflux with the Soar, and the Witham flows in an arch, first north to Lincoln before heading south to the Wash. The centre of the East Midlands area lies roughly between Bingham , Nottinghamshire and Bottesford , Leicestershire. The geographical centre of England lies in Higham on

2835-469: The caesium-133 atom. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), in Paris, takes the average of 300 atomic clocks around the world. On the early morning of Tuesday 26 February 1935 the radio transmitter at Daventry was used for what became known as the " Daventry Experiment " which involved the first-ever practical demonstration of radar , by its inventor Robert Watson-Watt and Arnold Frederic Wilkins . They used

2916-463: The hydrogen-bonding mechanism between DNA bases , allowing the structure of DNA to be discovered. Nottinghamshire's Ken Richardson was in charge of the team at Pfizer in Sandwich, Kent that in 1981 discovered Fluconazole (Diflucan), the world's leading antifungal medication , especially useful for those with weakened immune systems . It has few side effects. Richardson is now one of the few Britons in

2997-408: The 1920s. In June 1939, BP (then the D'Arcy Exploration Company) discovered oil at Eakring ; although this was not announced until September 1944. During the war the field produced over 300,000 tons of oil or 2,250,000 barrels from 170 pumps. Oil was also drilled for during the war at Caunton and Kelham Hills. It was a discovery of oil between Scothern and Sudbrooke in September 1980 that led to

3078-733: The East Midlands fields produced 127,491 tons, and in 1974, the East Midlands produced 80,000 tonnes. But in 1979, the North Sea produced 76 million tonnes. If production was less than 250,000 tonnes per six months, no Petroleum Revenue Tax was applied. By 1967 Dorset was producing 10,000 tons per year. Wytch Farm was discovered in 1973 by the Gas Council, on the Isle of Purbeck directly south of Poole, at 3,000 to 4,000 ft depth, with production from May 1979. But, importantly, only after further geophysical exploration in December 1977, did anyone realise how huge

3159-917: The East Midlands in South Yorkshire . Three of the United Kingdom's mainline railways serve the region: the Midland Main Line , the East Coast Main Line , and the West Coast Main Line ( Northampton Loop ) providing services terminating at London St Pancras , London King's Cross and London Euston respectively. The three lines provide regular high-speed services to London , at up to 125 mph (200 km/h), serving Wellingborough , Kettering , Corby , Market Harborough , Leicester , Loughborough , Derby , East Midlands Parkway , Nottingham , Chesterfield , Grantham , Newark North Gate and Retford . Northampton and Long Buckby are served by

3240-445: The East Midlands tend to identify themselves either on a county or town basis, regarding the East Midlands as simply a bureaucratic area that lumps together dissimilar places. In the North of the region, in areas such as North Nottinghamshire and North Derbyshire, people culturally identify as Northerners. For example, a study by YouGov in 2018 found that a quarter of the inhabitants of the region identified as Northerners. A new area of

3321-413: The Gainsborough-Beckingham oil field. Production is near the Beckingham Marshes ' RSPB nature reserve with daily production of 300 barrels of crude oil and 1 million cubic feet of natural gas. The gas is piped to a nearby power plant. The wells in the field were fracked using lower fluid volumes than used for Shale techniques. This method is similar to, but with lower volumes than hydraulic fracturing for

East Midlands Oil Province - Misplaced Pages Continue

3402-423: The Hill in west Leicestershire , close to the boundary between the Leicestershire and Warwickshire. Some 88 per cent of the land is rural in character, although agriculture accounts for less than three per cent of the region's jobs. Church Flatts Farm in Coton in the Elms , South Derbyshire, is the furthest place from the sea in the UK (70 miles; 110 km). In April 1936 the first Ordnance Survey trig point

3483-575: The Humbly Grove field in Hampshire. In February 1982 Esso bought Candecca. Trafalgar House bought Candecca in January 1984 for £79m. BP bought Candecca in July 1987 for £21m from Trafalgar House . Candecca Resources Ltd was a subsidiary of BP. It was bought by Kelt UK Ltd in April 1992. Kelt UK Ltd was a subsidiary of Kelt Energy plc and Edinburgh Oil and Gas plc. Most of the oilfield licences were owned by BP Exploration, when they were bought by Pentex Oil of Aberdeen in March 1989. Star Energy bought Pentex Oil in August 2005 for £38.5m. The Province comprises

3564-436: The Romans, the area was settled by Angles , a Germanic people who gave the East Midlands most of the place-names it has today. They eventually founded the Kingdom of Mercia, meaning "borderlands," as it borders the Welsh people to the west. The region also corresponds to the later Five Boroughs of the Danelaw , the area that Vikings from Denmark controlled. In about 917 the region was subdivided between Danelaw (Vikings) to

3645-399: The UK's cement is manufactured in the region, at three sites in Hope and Tunstead in Derbyshire, and Ketton Cement Works in Rutland . Of the aggregates produced in the region, 25 per cent are from Derbyshire and four per cent from Leicestershire. Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire each produce around 30 per cent of the region's sand and gravel output. Barwell in Leicestershire

3726-404: The UK's gas came from Russia via Ukraine. The highest production was September 1943, when 10,049 tons produced, or 335 tons per day. This record would be next exceeded in March 1963, when 10,478 tons, or 338 tons per day were produced. In 1958, it produced 80,000 tons, with oil, in the 1950s, taken to Pumpherston in Scotland. In 1960 it produced 85,000 tons, and in 106,000 tons in 1961. In 1964

3807-455: The Welton Gathering Centre, which is just south of the oil field at Reepham. Just north-east of Welton at Stainton by Langworth . Discovered by BP in July 1984, with production starting June 1987. Permission for producing oil was given in June 1986. It produced around 250 barrels per day. Owned by Star Energy (East Midlands) Ltd. Originally run by Candecca. Situated on the Lincoln-Market Rasen (Newark - Grimsby) railway line and taken by road to

3888-415: The Welton Gathering Centre. Owned by Onshore Production Services Ltd (OPS) or OOSL. Discovered in March 1983, production started July 1985, road tanker to Welton. Originally owned by EMOG. Situated in between Walesby and Tuxford . The field was developed by BP Petroleum Development. Production started in July 1955 and production peaked in 1958. None of these fields are in Lincolnshire, but oil from

3969-409: The Welton field being discovered. More drilling was conducted in Welton in 1981, and the French company CGG conducted seismic surveys. BP drilled near Doddington in November 1980. Eakring was only abandoned in 1986, after producing 7MMbbl. Eakring had secondary recovery, with compressed water from the end of the war. By the end of war Eakring production had dropped to 20,000 tons per year. This

4050-680: The Welton rail terminal at Reepham. Discovered in November 1997 by Cirque with production starting in August 1998 on the former RAF Fiskerton . It is owned 48% by Cirque Energy (UK) Ltd, 32% by Altaquest Energy Corp (UK) Ltd, 18% by Courage Energy UK Ltd and 2% by Mermaid Resources (UK) Ltd. Run by Cirque Energy. Pipeline to the Welton Gathering Centre. Largest of the fields, with about 2 million tonnes of initial oil reserves at Welton . Discovered in February 1981 by BP with production starting in November 1984. It would produce around 3,000 barrels per day. Owned by Star Energy (East Midlands) Ltd. Originally run by Candecca and BP. Transported by rail. It

4131-670: The Whisby 5 wells are the currently producing wells and have now cumulatively more than doubled all historical production. Oil is transported by road tanker to Immingham. Discovered in January 1988 by Enterprise Oil (former oil division of British Gas plc ) being found at 6,000 ft, with production starting in August 1991 at West Firsby north of Lincoln, just west of Spridlington . Owned 53% by Tullow Oil and 47% by Edinburgh Oil & Gas plc. Originally ran by Tullow Oil and Enterprise Oil, now ran by Europa since May 2003. Taken by road tanker to Immingham's ConocoPhillips Humber Refinery. Sourced by early Namurian pro- deltaic shales. Found on

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4212-452: The airport in the evening, then from 23:30 to 01:30 cargo flies to European capitals and from 03:00–05:00 from Europe to EMA. It is the UK's twelfth-largest passenger airport; the runway is the UK's sixth-longest at 2,900 metres (9,500 ft). Royal Mail flights from EMA go to Belfast , Edinburgh , Inverness , Aberdeen , Newcastle , Exeter and Bournemouth , and it is the largest UK Royal Mail air hub, with eleven flights per night. DHL

4293-413: The beginnings of Received Pronunciation and southern England accents. However, spoken dialect and accent in the northern area of the East Midlands is far more similar to Northern English. Identity There is no modern Midlander, or East Midlander, identity. As Robert Shore wrote: "no one is more sceptical about the existence of an overarching Midland identity than Midlanders themselves." Inhabitants of

4374-399: The caesium clock, known as the atomic clock , in 1955. During the war he invented the cavity resonance wavemeter to find the first accurate value of the speed of light. The atomic clock works on differences in magnetic spin . Before Essen's invention, the second was defined in terms of the orbit of the Earth round the Sun ; he changed it in 1967 to be based on the hyperfine structure of

4455-460: The city that is supposedly most internationally recognisable. However, the airport has a Derby phone number and postcode, and is in Leicestershire, but is officially assigned to Nottingham by IATA . As a result of the dispute, the name change reverted. Three of the world's four main international air-freight companies (integrators) have their UK operations at EMA: DHL , UPS and TNT Express (TNT bought by UPS); FedEx have theirs at Stansted . It

4536-401: The experiment persuaded the British government to fund the development of a network of full scale radar stations on the south coast of England, which became known as Chain Home , which provided a decisive advantage to the RAF in the Battle of Britain in 1940. Language and dialect Parts of the East Midlands use a distinctive form of spoken dialect and accent. It also has some history in

4617-410: The extraction of shale gas . Situated just south of Eakring towards Newark on the A617 at Kirklington . Owned by Star Energy Oil & Gas Limited 75% and Star Energy Oil UK Limited 25%. Formerly owned by Pentex. Discovered in December 1985 by BP with production starting March 1991. Taken by road tanker to Gainsborough. Far south of Nottinghamshire at junction of A60 and A6006 at Rempstone in

4698-531: The far south of Nottinghamshire. Owned by Star Energy Oil & Gas Ltd 75% and Oil UK Ltd 25%. Discovered in December 1985 by Pentex, with production started June 1991. Formerly owned by Pentex. Road tanker to Gainsborough. Operated by Star. Owned by Star Energy Oil & Gas Ltd 75% and Star Energy Oil UK Ltd 25%. Discovered in March 1986, with production started December 1990. Originally owned by Pentex. Road tanker to Gainsborough. Situated on Clawson Hill at Long Clawson . These are not run by Star Energy and oil

4779-434: The first ever cattle bred for beef . George Boole , pioneer of Boolean logic (upon which all digital electronics and computers depend), was born in Lincoln in 1815. The application of Boole's theory to digital circuit design would come in 1937 by Claude Shannon . Boole's grandson, the physicist G. I. Taylor , made significant experimental contributions to quantum mechanics . The first practical demonstration of radar

4860-401: The largest onshore oilfield in Europe and run by BP, has reserves on its own of around 500,000,000 barrels (79,000,000 m) of oil. The East Midlands Province provides 11% of UK onshore oil, 65% of the total excluding Wytch farm. So far, the Province has provided around 6 million tonnes of oil. In total, the UK has around 15 million tonnes of onshore oil left. Planning permission for drilling

4941-401: The largest water capacity in England, although it is not the longest. Several rivers in the region gave their name to early Rolls-Royce jet engines, namely the Nene , the Welland , and the Soar . Nottingham is the only city in the region served by a light railway system, operated by Nottingham Express Transit . As part of the transport planning system, the now defunct Regional Assembly

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5022-415: The nationally designated Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty are: Several towns in the southern part of the region, including Market Harborough, Desborough, Rothwell, Corby, Kettering, Thrapston, Oundle and Stamford, lie within the boundaries of what was once Rockingham Forest – designated a royal forest by William the Conqueror and was long hunted by English kings and queens. The National Forest

5103-551: The north of Northamptonshire , serving the settlements of Kettering and Corby alongside surrounding areas, and is a major route between the region and the East of England , including the university city of Cambridge , and the major port of Felixstowe . East Midlands Airport in North West Leicestershire is situated in proximity to the region's largest cities; some 14 miles from the centres of Derby and Nottingham , with central Leicester being some 21 miles away and Lincoln further north east being 43 miles away. The airport

5184-408: The north, and Mercia (Anglo-Saxons) to the south. By 920 this border had moved north to the River Humber . Evidence of the Danelaw can be seen in place-name endings of the region's villages, particularly towards the east. The Danes under Canute recaptured the area between about 1016 and 1035, but it came back under English control after Canute's death that same year. The region's two main battles in

5265-414: The oil field was, when drilling took place at 5,000 ft. This discovery made companies look much more for onshore oil. But subsequently nothing was anything remotely as enormous as Wytch Farm. The oil, from Dorset, was taken by train to South Wales. In 1980, UK onshore oilfields produced 240,000 tonnes of oil, mostly from Wytch Farm. This had doubled from the year before. Until 1990, relatively little oil

5346-406: The petroleum play is collected at Gainsborough . The area around Gainsborough known as the Gainsborough Trough. Discovered in July 1985 by BP with production starting in October 1987. Formerly owned by Pentex Oil UK Ltd. Oil transported by pipeline to Gainsborough. The field is operated by IGas Energy which acquired Star Energy in 2011. Situated just off the A631 at Beckingham . Known also as

5427-422: The region is growing at 2% per year – the highest growth rate of all UK regions. It is estimated that about 140,000 heavy goods vehicle journeys are made inside the region each day. The M1 (part of the E13 European route) serves the four largest urban areas in the region and affords a motorway link between London , Yorkshire , and North East England . Additionally, the M6 begins on the south-western edge of

5508-440: The region, providing links to the West Midlands and North West England . Both connect to other major routes providing further links to other parts of the UK. To the east of the largest cities lies the A1 (part of the European route E15 ), which is important for journeys to and from ports on England's north-east coast and the capital, and is a major artery for the United Kingdom's agricultural industry. The A46 largely follows

5589-411: The region. The defunct East Midlands Development Agency was headquartered next to the BBC 's East Midlands office in Nottingham and made financial decisions regarding economic development in the region. Since the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government launched its austerity programme after the 2010 general election , regional bodies such as those have been devolved to smaller groups now on

5670-400: The west, to investigate geophysical exploration. Caunton was used as a filming location for the majority of the second-series episodes of the popular British comedy drama Auf Wiedersehen, Pet , about a group of seven British migrant construction workers, with Beesthorpe Hall being used as Thornely Manor which was being renovated as part of the storyline. The hamlet of Knapthorpe is to

5751-436: Was 200 metres from the site, with children being sprayed with oil in the lunchtime. Candecca paid out compensation. BP drilled in the Greetwell Lane area in September 1981. Discovered in March 1983 by BP with production starting in October 1985. Owned by Star Energy (East Midlands) Ltd, although originally run by BP and Candecca. Oil transported by pipeline to the Welton Gathering Centre. Next door and north-east of Louth on

5832-600: Was broken in the region. Although the record was set in 1938, the current world speed record for steam trains is held by 4468 Mallard , which clocked 126 mph (203 km/h) between Grantham and Peterborough , pulling six coaches on the East Coast Main Line near Little Bytham in Lincolnshire, on 3 July 1938. The Mallard record was unbroken by any British rail train until 6 June 1973, when an InterCity 125 between Northallerton and Thirsk reached 131 mph (211 km/h). Mallard in 1938 had six carriages and

5913-610: Was discovered in October 1985 by BP with production starting in February 1989. It produced around 250 barrels per day. Owned by Star Energy (East Midlands) Ltd and originally run by Candecca. Transported by road tanker to the Welton Gathering Centre at Reepham . The original Scampton A Oilfield ceased production in 1988. Discovered in September 1997 by Candecca, with production starting in September 1998 at Cold Hanworth . Owned by Star Energy (East Midlands) Ltd, although originally run by Candecca. Transported by road tanker to

5994-537: Was discovered in the East Midlands, at Hardstoft in east Derbyshire in 1919. Prior to this, from 1851, oil shale in the Midland Valley in Scotland was used, until 1962. With North Sea oil , Britain became self-sufficient with oil and became a net exporter of oil in 1981, with exports peaking in 1985 and production peaking in 1999. The UK became a net exporter of gas in 1997 and a net importer of gas in 2004, and also

6075-578: Was much quicker in Lincolnshire than in Hampshire and Dorset. Although onshore oil reserves are much less, it costs much less to find and develop onshore oil. Depleted onshore oilfields at Gainsborough and Welton will be used for gas storage, of which the UK has little allocated reserves. The UK has reserves of 12 days of gas, compared to 91 days in France and 77 days in Germany. Oil was discovered at Kelham Hills in

6156-599: Was near Daventry in 1935. Robert Robinson , of Chesterfield in Derbyshire, invented the circular symbol in 1925 for the pi bonds of the benzene ring, as found on all structural diagrams of aromatic compounds . Nicola Pellow , a maths undergraduate at Leicester Polytechnic, whilst at CERN in November 1990, wrote the world's second web browser. Silicone was discovered in 1899 by Prof Frederic Kipping at University College, Nottingham. Michael Creeth of Northampton discovered

6237-536: Was oil from England. The Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (BP) drilled at Eakring , and at Caunton. Oil was discovered in March 1943, and produced from May 1943. Another oil field later in 1943 was at Nocton , in North Kesteven. BP required 100,000 tons of crude oil from the Nottinghamshire fields, per year. In 1950 the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company would set up its Kirklington Hall Research Station , nearby to

6318-551: Was produced by UK onshore oil industry. This rapidly increased to peak between 1991 and 1999, where around 5 million tonnes of oil was produced each year - 5.4 million tonnes, the most, was produced in 1996. Since 1999 it has gradually declined to around 1 million tonnes a year. Onshore UK natural gas peaked in 2001. Cumulatively, onshore oil production has produced around 2% (around 500,000,000 barrels (79,000,000 m)) of offshore (North Sea) production. The Wytch Farm oil field in Dorset,

6399-612: Was sited at Cold Ashby in Northamptonshire . The Royal Society of Wildlife Trusts and The Wildlife Trusts are based next to the River Trent and Newark Castle railway station. The National Centre for Earth Observation is at the University of Leicester. The region is home to large quantities of limestone , and the East Midlands Oil Province . Charnwood Forest is noted for its abundant levels of volcanic rock, estimated to be approximately 600 million years old. A quarter of

6480-502: Was the site of Britain's largest meteorite (7 kg; 15 lb) on 24 December 1965. The 2008 Lincolnshire earthquake was 5.2 in magnitude . Areas of the East Midlands designated by the East Midlands Biodiversity Partnership as Biodiversity Conservation Areas include: Areas of the East Midlands designated by the East Midlands Biodiversity Partnership as Biodiversity Enhancement Areas include: Two of

6561-735: Was under statutory requirement to produce a Regional Transport Strategy to provide long term planning for transport in the region. This involved region wide transport schemes such as those carried out by the Highways Agency and Network Rail . Local transport authorities in the region carry out planning through a Local Transport Plan (LTP) . The most recent LTPs are for the period 2006–11. The following East Midland transport authorities published an LTP online: Derbyshire , Leicestershire . Lincolnshire , Northamptonshire , Nottinghamshire and Rutland U.A. The unitary authorities of Derby , Leicester and Nottingham They have each written

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