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107-498: The Dolmelynllyn Estate is approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) north of Dolgellau, Gwynedd , in the southern area of the Snowdonia National Park . It is over 500 hectares (1,200 acres) in extent and includes landscapes that vary from river terraces to high moorland, as well as boulder-strewn woodland. The highest point on the estate is at 500 metres (1,600 ft), just above Bryn Bedwog . The estate sits within and alongside

214-453: A Guardian editorial in 2002 condemned antisemitism and defended the paper's right to criticise the policies and actions of the Israeli government, arguing that those who view such criticism as inherently anti-Jewish are mistaken. Harriet Sherwood, then The Guardian 's foreign editor, later its Jerusalem correspondent, has also denied that The Guardian has an anti-Israel bias, saying that

321-649: A comprehensive school under the name Ysgol y Gader ("School of the Chair", in reference to the mountain Cadair Idris , whose name translates as "Idris's Chair"). On 1 September 2017, Ysgol Y Gader amalgamated with the village's primary school and seven other schools in the area to become a new middle school for pupils aged 3–16. The combined schools were named Ysgol Bro Idris. As of 2019, there were 581 pupils on roll. 229 of those pupils are of secondary school age and 352 of those pupils are of primary school age. The area school

428-401: A privy in the shape of "an old broken tower". However, despite making many changes, Madocks only lived there intermittently, for perhaps four years. By c.1810 he had mortgaged the estate to a group of investors. Despite his entrepreneurial schemes, Madocks died in 1828 owing money to a wide variety of creditors. The estate appears to have been part of a complex set of financial arrangements in

535-421: A 27-year-old British Muslim and journalism trainee from Yorkshire . Aslam was a member of Hizb ut-Tahrir , an Islamist group, and had published a number of articles on their website. According to the newspaper, it did not know that Aslam was a member of Hizb ut-Tahrir when he applied to become a trainee, though several staff members were informed of this once he started at the paper. The Home Office said that

642-500: A growing fire. There is no knowing what kind of explosion will follow." On 24 August 1959, The Manchester Guardian changed its name to The Guardian . This change reflected the growing prominence of national and international affairs in the newspaper. In September 1961, The Guardian , which had previously only been published in Manchester , began to be printed in London. Nesta Roberts

749-452: A humorous column by Charlie Brooker in its entertainment guide, the final sentence of which was viewed by some as a call for violence against U.S. President George W. Bush ; after a controversy, Brooker and the paper issued an apology, saying the "closing comments were intended as an ironic joke, not as a call to action". Following the 7 July 2005 London bombings , The Guardian published an article on its comment pages by Dilpazier Aslam ,

856-470: A large number of them to emigrate to Pennsylvania in 1686, under the leadership of Rowland Ellis , a local gentleman-farmer. The Pennsylvanian town of Bryn Mawr , home to a prestigious women's liberal arts college , is named after Ellis's farm near Dolgellau. The woollen industry was long of the greatest importance to the town's economy; by the end of the 18th century, output was reckoned to be worth £50,000 to £100,000 annually. The industry declined in

963-655: A mention of the name in the Annales Cambriae ; see also Battle of Camlann ). Dolgellau is a good centre for visiting a number of nearby narrow-gauge heritage railways, including the Corris Railway , the Fairbourne Railway and the Talyllyn Railway . Since 1992 Dolgellau has held Sesiwn Fawr Dolgellau ("The Great Session of Dolgellau"), an annual world music festival . Originally free and held in

1070-465: A nation having slavery as its basis". There was a comment that "an effort had been made in a leading article of the Manchester Guardian to deter the working men from assembling together for such a purpose". The newspaper reported all this and published their letter to President Lincoln while complaining that "the chief occupation, if not the chief object of the meeting, seems to have been to abuse

1177-691: A retired teacher who had taught Russian, German and Welsh at Dr Williams School, published Pum Cynnig i Gymro ("Five Tries for a Welshman"), an account of his time as a prisoner of war in Poland during the Second World War . The title of the book refers to the five attempts he made to escape, the last of which succeeded. The book was dramatised by S4C in 1997. In 1986 and 1987 John Elwyn published his autobiography in 3 volumes, called Yn Fy Ffordd Fy Hun ("In My Own Way"). These do not duplicate his prisoner of war adventures, but recount his upbringing in

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1284-669: A role in the Balfour Declaration . In 1948 The Manchester Guardian was a supporter of the new State of Israel. Ownership of the paper passed in June 1936 to the Scott Trust (named after the last owner, John Russell Scott , who was the first chairman of the Trust). This move ensured the paper's independence. From 1930 to 1967, a special archival copy of all the daily newspapers was preserved in 700 zinc cases. These were found in 1988 whilst

1391-510: A role; a farmers' market is held in the town centre on the third Sunday of every month. It is believed that Dolgellau Cricket Club, founded in 1869 by Frederick Temple , is one of the oldest cricket clubs in Wales. For nearly a century Dolgellau was the home of Dr Williams School , a pioneering girls' secondary school. This was funded from the legacy of Daniel Williams the Welsh nonconformist of

1498-461: A scalpel over a dotted shape of the Gaza Strip on his stomach. The caption read: "Residents of Gaza, get out now." Due to what has been seen by some as a reference to Shakespeare's Shylock 's "pound of flesh", it prompted accusations that it was antisemitic. Bell said that he was inspired by the 1960s "Johnson's Scar" cartoon by David Levine of U.S. president Lyndon B Johnson within the context of

1605-602: A series of acts abhorrent to every true notion of constitutional right and human liberty", adding: "it is doubtless to be regretted that he had not the opportunity of vindicating his good intentions". According to Martin Kettle , writing for The Guardian in February 2011: " The Guardian had always hated slavery. But it doubted the Union hated slavery to the same degree. It argued that the Union had always tacitly condoned slavery by shielding

1712-727: A shared station was opened there in 1868. The Ruabon Barmouth line was closed in the 1960s under the Beeching Axe . The railway line was converted some years ago into the Llwybr Mawddach (or " Mawddach Trail ") which now runs for some eight miles from Dolgellau to Morfa Mawddach railway station , near Fairbourne on the coast. It is maintained by the Snowdonia National Park and is very popular with walkers and cyclists. It passes some estuarine areas that are important for water birds. The site of Dolgellau railway station itself, along with about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) of former trackbed,

1819-420: A speech "and the hate-gospellers of his entourage" that it encouraged readers to vote Conservative in the 1951 general election and remove Clement Attlee's post-war Labour government. The Manchester Guardian strongly opposed military intervention during the 1956 Suez Crisis : "The Anglo-French ultimatum to Egypt is an act of folly, without justification in any terms but brief expediency. It pours petrol on

1926-448: A spring walk. Dolmelynllyn Hall is the former centre of the estate and was run as a hotel, until it closed for refurbishments. It is a Grade II listed building, that was expanded by Charles Williams during the nineteenth century, around an earlier core, probably designed by his brother, George Williams of Liverpool. The earliest part of the building dates to the late sixteenth or early seventeenth century. Its Tudor-effect half-timbering

2033-505: A wanton barrage of stones, steel bars, and other missiles. That still does not justify opening fire so freely." After the events of Bloody Sunday, John Widgery, Baron Widgery was appointed the head of a tribunal to investigate the killings. The resulting tribunal, known as the Widgery Tribunal , largely exonerated the actions of the soldiers involved in the incident. The Guardian published an article on 20 April 1972 which supported

2140-635: Is a British daily newspaper . It was founded in Manchester in 1821 as The Manchester Guardian , and changed its name in 1959, followed by a move to London. Along with its sister papers, The Observer and The Guardian Weekly , The Guardian is part of the Guardian Media Group , owned by the Scott Trust Limited . The trust was created in 1936 to "secure the financial and editorial independence of The Guardian in perpetuity and to safeguard

2247-426: Is a compound of dôl 'water-meadow' and cellau , the plural of cell 'a cell', giving the meaning 'water-meadow of cells'. The dôl in the name was probably located within a bend at the confluence of the rivers Wnion and Aran. The cellau may refer to monastic cells or merchant's stalls. The earliest recorded spelling (from 1254) is Dolkelew , and a spelling Dolgethleu dates from 1294–5 (the thl

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2354-542: Is a step to which there is no obvious alternative." In 1983, the paper was at the centre of a controversy surrounding documents regarding the stationing of cruise missiles in Britain that were leaked to The Guardian by civil servant Sarah Tisdall . The paper eventually complied with a court order to hand over the documents to the authorities, which resulted in a six-month prison sentence for Tisdall, though she served only four. "I still blame myself", said Peter Preston , who

2461-621: Is an attempt to represent Welsh /ɬ/ ). Owain Glyndŵr 's scribe wrote Dolguelli . The town's name was commonly anglicised as Dolgelly or Dolgelley . Up until the 19th century most spellings in English were along the lines of Dôlgelly , Dolgelley , Dolgelly or Dolgelli . Thomas Pennant used the form Dolgelleu in his Tours of Wales , and this was the form used in the Church Registers in 1723, although it never had much currency. In 1825

2568-661: Is considered a newspaper of record in the UK. The editor-in-chief Katharine Viner succeeded Alan Rusbridger in 2015. Since 2018, the paper's main newsprint sections have been published in tabloid format . As of July 2021 , its print edition had a daily circulation of 105,134. The newspaper is available online; it lists UK, US (founded in 2011), Australian (founded in 2013), European, and International editions, and its website has sections for World, Europe, US, Americas, Asia, Australia, Middle East, Africa, New Zealand , Inequality, and Global development. The paper's readership

2675-557: Is generally on the mainstream left of British political opinion, and the term " Guardian reader" is used to imply a stereotype of a person with modern liberal , left-wing or " politically correct " views. Frequent typographical errors during the age of manual typesetting led Private Eye magazine to dub the paper the "Grauniad" in the 1970s, a nickname still occasionally used by the editors for self-mockery. In an Ipsos MORI research poll in September 2018 designed to interrogate

2782-486: Is located across six sites, with two of those sites located within Dolgellau itself. The school is categorised linguistically by Welsh Government as a category 2A school, meaning that at least 80% of subjects, apart from English and Welsh, are taught only through the medium of Welsh to all pupils. Near Dolgellau is the house of Hengwrt , whose 17th-century owner Robert Vaughan (?1592–1667) kept an extensive library. This

2889-554: Is not a less one; and we would not seek the abolition even of the former through the imminent hazard of the latter". It suggested that the United States should compensate slave-owners for freeing slaves and called on President Franklin Pierce to resolve the 1856 "civil war", the Sacking of Lawrence due to pro-slavery laws imposed by Congress. In 1860, The Observer quoted a report that

2996-459: Is that Mr Lloyd George is fighting to enfranchise seven million women and the militants are smashing unoffending people's windows and breaking up benevolent societies' meetings in a desperate effort to prevent him." Scott thought the Suffragettes' "courage and devotion" was "worthy of a better cause and saner leadership". It has been argued that Scott's criticism reflected a widespread disdain, at

3103-436: Is wrong to state that Tel Aviv – the country's financial and diplomatic centre – is the capital. The style guide has been amended accordingly." On 11 August 2014 the print edition of The Guardian published a pro-Israeli advocacy advert during the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict featuring Elie Wiesel , headed by the words "Jews rejected child sacrifice 3,500 years ago. Now it's Hamas' turn." The Times had decided against running

3210-549: The Sunday Times , so phone-hacking will surely be to The Guardian : a defining moment in its history. In recent decades, The Guardian has been accused of biased criticism of Israeli government policy and of bias against the Palestinians. In December 2003, columnist Julie Burchill cited "striking bias against the state of Israel" as one of the reasons she left the paper for The Times . Responding to these accusations,

3317-619: The FTSE 100 companies. Internal documents relating to Barclays Bank 's tax avoidance were removed from The Guardian website after Barclays obtained a gagging order . The newspaper played a pivotal role in exposing the depth of the News of the World phone hacking affair . The Economist 's Intelligent Life magazine opined that: As Watergate is to the Washington Post , and thalidomide to

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3424-511: The Hôtel Ritz in Paris, which would have amounted to accepting a bribe on Aitken's part. Aitken publicly stated that he would fight with "the simple sword of truth and the trusty shield of British fair play". The court case proceeded, and in 1997 The Guardian produced evidence that Aitken's claim of his wife paying for the hotel stay was untrue. In 1999, Aitken was jailed for perjury and perverting

3531-557: The Kosovo War in 1998–1999. The Guardian stated that "the only honourable course for Europe and America is to use military force". Mary Kaldor 's piece was headlined "Bombs away! But to save civilians, we must get in some soldiers too." In the early 2000s, The Guardian challenged the Act of Settlement 1701 and the Treason Felony Act 1848 . In October 2004, The Guardian published

3638-500: The Manchester Guardian ". Lincoln replied to the letter thanking the workers for their "sublime Christian heroism" and American ships delivered relief supplies to Britain. The newspaper reported the shock to the community of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln in 1865, concluding that "[t]he parting of his family with the dying President is too sad for description", but in what from today's perspective looks an ill-judged editorial wrote that "[o]f his rule we can never speak except as

3745-550: The River Wnion , a tributary of the River Mawddach . It was the traditional county town of the historic county of Merionethshire until the county of Gwynedd was created in 1974. Dolgellau is the main base for climbers of Cadair Idris and Mynydd Moel which are visible from the town. Dolgellau is the second largest settlement in southern Gwynedd after Tywyn and includes the community of Penmaenpool . The name Dolgellau

3852-642: The Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC), The Guardian called for the British Armed Forces to be deployed to the region, arguing that their deployment would "present a more disinterested face of law and order" than the RUC." On 30 January 1972, troops from the 1st Battalion, Parachute Regiment opened fire on a Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association march, killing fourteen people in an event that would come to be known as Bloody Sunday . In response to

3959-679: The Union blockade was causing suffering in British towns . Some including Liverpool supported the Confederacy as did "current opinion in all classes" in London. On 31 December 1862, cotton workers held a meeting at the Free Trade Hall in Manchester which resolved "its detestation of negro slavery in America, and of the attempt of the rebellious Southern slave-holders to organise on the great American continent

4066-561: The Vietnam War . In August 2004, for the US presidential election , the daily G2 supplement launched an experimental letter-writing campaign in Clark County , Ohio, an average-sized county in a swing state . Editor Ian Katz bought a voter list from the county for $ 25 and asked readers to write to people listed as undecided in the election, giving them an impression of the international view and

4173-404: The 17th/18th century. Shortly before the closure of the town's railway station it displayed signs reading variously Dolgelly, Dolgelley and Dolgellau. Dolgellau is home to a bilingual further education college, Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor . The site it occupies was originally home to Dr Williams' School , a direct grant grammar school for girls aged 7–18 established in 1875 (opened 1878). It

4280-453: The Act would encourage emancipation in other slave-owning nations to avoid "imminent risk of a violent and bloody termination." However, the newspaper argued against restricting trade with countries that had not yet abolished slavery. Complex tensions developed in the United States. When the abolitionist George Thompson toured, the newspaper said that "[s]lavery is a monstrous evil, but civil war

4387-423: The Confederacy to self-determination. It criticised Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation for not freeing all American slaves. On 10 October 1862, it wrote: "It is impossible to cast any reflections upon a man so evidently sincere and well-intentioned as Mr Lincoln but it is also impossible not to feel that it was an evil day both for America and the world, when he was chosen President of the United States". By then,

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4494-786: The Countryside"), a mix of agricultural show and fête . Entry is free, but the money raised on the various stalls is given to good causes. In 1949 Dolgellau hosted the National Eisteddfod of Wales ; in 1960 and 1994 it hosted the Urdd National Eisteddfod . The old market hall, Neuadd Idris , hosts the National Centre for Folk Music, known as Tŷ Siamas . Dolgellau is twinned with Guérande ( Breton : Gwenrann ) in Brittany , France. The Guardian The Guardian

4601-540: The Ganllwyd Sites of Special Scientific Interest. The woodlands are notable for their wide variety of rare bryophytes and lichens, including the genus Lobaria , in particular Lobaria pulmonaria . The estate also has a population of the epiphytic lichen, Agonimia octospora , which rarely occurs outside the New Forest . The estate has successfully used conservation grazing by Highland cattle to restore and manage

4708-511: The Holy City of Jerusalem" and calling on all member states with diplomatic missions in the city to withdraw. The UN has reaffirmed this position on several occasions, and almost every country now has its embassy in Tel Aviv. While it was therefore right to issue a correction to make clear Israel's designation of Jerusalem as its capital is not recognised by the international community, we accept that it

4815-735: The National Trust as a holiday cottage. The estate also included a water-powered corn mill , potentially built by the Vaughan family, which was later converted to a sawmill and turning-mill. As a turning-mill it mainly produced broom handles. There are several ruined farms across the estate, the oldest of which is likely to be Berth-Lwyd. The gardens and park are designated Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales . Eighteen sites of potential prehistoric date occur at scattered locations across

4922-557: The PCC retracted its original ruling, leading to the newspaper's acknowledgement that it was wrong to call Tel Aviv Israel's capital. The Guardian later clarified: "In 1980, the Israeli Knesset enacted a law designating the city of Jerusalem, including East Jerusalem, as the country's capital. In response, the UN security council issued resolution 478, censuring the "change in character and status of

5029-472: The Registers have Dolgellau , which was the form adopted by Robert Vaughan of Hengwrt in 1836. This became standard in Welsh and later also in English. The official name for the urban district which covered the town and the surrounding rural district was changed from Dolgelley to Dolgellau in 1958 by Merioneth County Council, following requests from both district councils. The site of Dolgellau was, in

5136-455: The Romans left, the area came under the control of a series of Welsh chieftains, although Dolgellau was probably not inhabited until the late 11th or 12th century, when it was established as a " serf village" (or maerdref ), possibly by Cadwgan ap Bleddyn . It remained a serf village until the reign of Henry VII (1485–1509). A church was built in the 12th century (demolished and replaced by

5243-704: The Soviet Embassy and had taken benefits from the KGB on overseas visits. Gott resigned from his post. Gordievsky commented on the newspaper: "The KGB loved The Guardian . It was deemed highly susceptible to penetration." In 1995, both the Granada Television programme World in Action and The Guardian were sued for libel by the then cabinet minister Jonathan Aitken , for their allegation that Harrods owner Mohamed Al Fayed had paid for Aitken and his wife to stay at

5350-574: The Vaughans and another more northerly piece of land. Dolmelynllyn Estate's woodlands include rare temperate rainforest and ancient woodland . The Coed Ganllwyd National Nature Reserve (NNR) lies within the estate and covers 183.77 hectares. Within, and also extending beyond the boundaries of the estate, are several significant areas, including: the Meirionnydd Oakwoods and Bat Sites are Important Plant Areas and Special Areas of Conservation ;

5457-464: The ad, although it had already appeared in major American newspapers. One week later, Chris Elliott expressed the opinion that the newspaper should have rejected the language used in the advert and should have negotiated with the advertiser on this matter. In October 2023, The Guardian stated it would not renew the contract of cartoonist Steve Bell after he submitted a cartoon featuring Netanyahu, with his shirt open, wearing boxing gloves and holding

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5564-420: The area—he was born at Bryn Gwyn, less than a mile from the town—and subsequent return to the area after his years in the armed services. He died in September 2007. Marion Eames , who was educated at Dr. Williams' School, lived in Dolgellau up to her death in 2007; she is probably best known for her book The Secret Room (originally published in Welsh as Y Stafell Ddirgel ), a semi-fictional account of

5671-517: The company. In subsequent years, however, The Guardian has hired various commentators on US affairs including Ana Marie Cox , Michael Wolff , Naomi Wolf , Glenn Greenwald and George W. Bush's former speechwriter Josh Treviño . Treviño's first blog post was an apology for a controversial tweet posted in June 2011 over the second Gaza flotilla, the controversy which had been revived by the appointment. Guardian US launched in September 2011, led by editor-in-chief Janine Gibson , which replaced

5778-612: The continuing "cruelty and injustice" to slaves in the West Indies long after the abolition of the slave trade with the Slave Trade Act 1807 wanted fairness to the interests and claims both of the planters and of their oppressed slaves. It welcomed the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 and accepted the "increased compensation" to the planters as the "guilt of slavery attaches far more to the nation" rather than individuals. Success of

5885-490: The course of justice . In May 1998, a series of Guardian investigations exposed the wholesale fabrication of a much-garlanded ITV documentary The Connection , produced by Carlton Television. The documentary purported to film an undiscovered route by which heroin was smuggled into the United Kingdom from Colombia. An internal inquiry at Carlton found that The Guardian ' s allegations were in large part correct and

5992-482: The diffusion of just principles of Political Economy and ... support, without reference to the party from which they emanate, all serviceable measures". In 1825, the paper merged with the British Volunteer and was known as The Manchester Guardian and British Volunteer until 1828. The working-class Manchester and Salford Advertiser called The Manchester Guardian "the foul prostitute and dirty parasite of

6099-565: The estate, moving to Newnham Hall in Northamptonshire. The purchaser was Alexander Campbell Blair of Bronmeillion in Llandudno , who bought it for £11,850. Campbell Blair left the estate to the National Trust as a legacy in his will when he died in 1936. As of 1992, the Trust had purchased two further parcels of land to add to the estate: the upland fringe of Maes Mawr, which had previously belonged to

6206-482: The estate, using inheritance from the death of his father. He paid £1550 for the farm and £950 for the timber and underwood. He created a ferme ornée (ornamental farm) there, where he entertained friends such as Thomas Love Peacock . He was attracted to the location due to its proximity to the waterfalls of Rhaeadr Ddu , Pistyll Cain and Rhaeadr Mawddach . One of Madocks's building schemes included building paths to enable improved access to Rhaeadr Ddu. He also built

6313-498: The estate. They include a wide range of monument types: hut circles, cairns, cists, enclosures, platforms and a possible chambered tomb are all represented. There are two cairnfields on the estate: one near Berth-Lwyd, which also includes an enclosure; the other near Hafod y Fedw, a former farm. The Bronze Age cairn and cist at Cefn Coch are a scheduled monument. Medieval and post-medieval landscapes are represented by an estate-wide mosaic of remains which are associated with

6420-434: The events leading up to the 1686 emigration of Quakers from Dolgellau. It was dramatised by S4C in 2001. The surrounding area is known for its wild but beautiful countryside and places of historical interest. It is popular with tourists who enjoy activities such as walking, hiking , horse riding , white-water rafting and climbing . Dolgellau is the main base for climbers of Cadair Idris . Aircraft enthusiasts also use

6527-582: The existence of the surveillance program PRISM after knowledge of it was leaked to the paper by the whistleblower and former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden . In 2016, The Guardian led an investigation into the Panama Papers , exposing then–Prime Minister David Cameron 's links to offshore bank accounts . It has been named "newspaper of the year" four times at the annual British Press Awards : most recently in 2014, for its reporting on government surveillance. The Manchester Guardian

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6634-591: The first half of the 19th century, owing to the introduction of mechanical looms . Another important contributor to the local economy was tanning , which continued into the 1980s in Dolgellau, though on a much reduced scale. The town was the centre of a minor gold rush in the 19th century. At one time the local gold mines employed over 500 workers. Clogau St. David's mine in Bontddu and Gwynfynydd mine in Ganllwyd have supplied gold for many royal weddings . Dolgellau

6741-402: The group's "ultimate aim is the establishment of an Islamic state (Caliphate), according to Hizb ut-Tahrir via non-violent means". The Guardian asked Aslam to resign his membership of the group and, when he did not do so, terminated his employment. In early 2009, The Guardian started a tax investigation into a number of major UK companies, including publishing a database of the tax paid by

6848-425: The importance of voting against President George W. Bush. Katz admitted later that he did not believe Democrats who warned that the campaign would benefit Bush and not opponent John Kerry . The newspaper scrapped "Operation Clark County" on 21 October 2004 after first publishing a column of responses—nearly all of them outraged—to the campaign under the headline "Dear Limey assholes". Some commentators suggested that

6955-457: The incident, The Guardian argued that "Neither side can escape condemnation... The organizers of the demonstration, Miss Bernadette Devlin among them, deliberately challenged the ban on marches. They knew that stone throwing and sniping could not be prevented, and that the IRA might use the crowd as a shield ." The Guardian further stated that "It is certainly true that the army cordons had endured

7062-469: The intervening decades after Madocks's death, with a timber merchant called Robert Roberts holding the tenancy for some, if not all of the period. In 1850 the estate was purchased by Charles Reynolds Williams, who made extensive alterations to the landscape that are still present, including the addition of a formal lake, new driveways, formal gardens and a kitchen garden. He passed the estate on to his son, Romer Williams, in 1892. In 1903, Romer Williams sold

7169-422: The journalistic freedom and liberal values of The Guardian free from commercial or political interference". The trust was converted into a limited company in 2008, with a constitution written so as to maintain for The Guardian the same protections as were built into the structure of the Scott Trust by its creators. Profits are reinvested in its journalism rather than distributed to owners or shareholders . It

7276-408: The language and footnoting this change. The Guardian ' s style guide section referred to Tel Aviv as the capital of Israel in 2012. In 2012, media watchdog HonestReporting filed a complaint with the Press Complaints Commission (PCC) after The Guardian ran a correction apologizing for "wrongly" having called Jerusalem as Israel's capital. After an initial ruling supporting The Guardian ,

7383-442: The library. Traditionally affiliated with the centrist to centre-left Liberal Party , and with a northern, non-conformist circulation base, the paper earned a national reputation and the respect of the left during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). George Orwell wrote in Homage to Catalonia (1938): "Of our larger papers, the Manchester Guardian is the only one that leaves me with an increased respect for its honesty". With

7490-415: The mill-owners' champions had the upper hand. The influential journalist Jeremiah Garnett joined Taylor during the establishment of the paper, and all of the Little Circle wrote articles for the new paper. The prospectus announcing the new publication proclaimed that it would "zealously enforce the principles of civil and religious Liberty ... warmly advocate the cause of Reform ... endeavour to assist in

7597-430: The most-read of the UK's "quality newsbrands", including digital editions; other "quality" brands included The Times , The Daily Telegraph , The Independent , and the i . While The Guardian ' s print circulation is in decline, the report indicated that news from The Guardian , including that reported online, reaches more than 23 million UK adults each month. Chief among the notable " scoops " obtained by

7704-651: The newly elected president Abraham Lincoln was opposed to abolition of slavery. On 13 May 1861, shortly after the start of the American Civil War , the Manchester Guardian portrayed the Northern states as primarily imposing a burdensome trade monopoly on the Confederate States , arguing that if the South was freed to have direct trade with Europe, "the day would not be distant when slavery itself would cease". Therefore,

7811-504: The newspaper asked "Why should the South be prevented from freeing itself from slavery?" This hopeful view was also held by the Liberal leader William Ewart Gladstone . There was division in Britain over the Civil War, even within political parties. The Manchester Guardian had also been conflicted. It had supported other independence movements and felt it should also support the rights of

7918-625: The newspaper's archives were deposited at the University of Manchester 's John Rylands University Library , on the Oxford Road campus. The first case was opened and found to contain the newspapers issued in August 1930 in pristine condition. The zinc cases had been made each month by the newspaper's plumber and stored for posterity. The other 699 cases were not opened and were all returned to storage at The Guardian ' s garage, owing to shortage of space at

8025-450: The occupation of the agents of the Union is gone. They live on strife ... ." In March 2023, an academic review commissioned by the Scott Trust determined that John Edward Taylor and nine of his eleven backers had links to the Atlantic slave trade through their interests in Manchester's textile industry. The newspaper opposed slavery and supported free trade . An 1823 leading article on

8132-610: The paper aims to cover all viewpoints in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict . On 6 November 2011, Chris Elliott, The Guardian ' s readers' editor, wrote that " Guardian reporters, writers and editors must be more vigilant about the language they use when writing about Jews or Israel", citing recent cases where The Guardian received complaints regarding language chosen to describe Jews or Israel. Elliott noted that, over nine months, he upheld complaints regarding language in certain articles that were seen as anti-Semitic, revising

8239-523: The paper from the estate of Taylor's son in 1907. Under Scott, the paper's moderate editorial line became more radical, supporting William Gladstone when the Liberals split in 1886, and opposing the Second Boer War against popular opinion. Scott supported the movement for women's suffrage , but was critical of any tactics by the suffragettes that involved direct action : "The really ludicrous position

8346-519: The paper was the 2011 News International phone-hacking scandal —and in particular the hacking of the murdered English teenager Milly Dowler 's phone. The investigation led to the closure of the News of the World , the UK's best-selling Sunday newspaper and one of the highest-circulation newspapers in history. In June 2013, The Guardian broke news of the secret collection by the Obama administration of Verizon telephone records, and subsequently revealed

8453-553: The past agricultural landscape. Monuments include walls, sheepfolds, enclosures, platforms and the remains of buildings. The estate includes the remains of the gold-mining industry. The first mine to open was at Berth-Lwyd in 1860. Joseph Mosheimer, an American prospector who had worked in the Californian gold fields, was commissioned by the Welsh Gold Mining Company to establish the mill and mines there. A tramway to

8560-617: The pre-Roman Celtic period, part of the tribal lands of the Ordovices , who were conquered by the Romans in AD 77–78. Although a few Roman coins from the reigns of Emperors Hadrian and Trajan have been found near Dolgellau, the area is marshy and there is no evidence that it was settled during the Roman period . There are, however, three hill forts in the vicinity of Dolgellau, of uncertain origin. After

8667-532: The present building in 1716), although Cymer Abbey , founded in 1198 in nearby Llanelltyd , remained the most important religious centre locally. Dolgellau gained in importance from this period onwards, and was mentioned in the Survey of Merioneth ordered by Edward I (Llanelltyd was not). In 1404 it was the location of a council of chiefs under Owain Glyndŵr . After a visit by George Fox in 1657, many inhabitants of Dolgellau converted to Quakerism . Persecution led

8774-625: The pro-Liberal News Chronicle , the Labour -supporting Daily Herald , the Communist Party 's Daily Worker and several Sunday and weekly papers, it supported the Republican government against General Francisco Franco 's insurgent nationalists. The paper's then editor, A. P. Wadsworth , so loathed Labour's left-wing champion Aneurin Bevan , who had made a reference to getting rid of "Tory Vermin" in

8881-478: The project and hire a staff of American reporters and web editors. The site featured news from The Guardian that was relevant to an American audience: coverage of US news and the Middle East, for example. Tomasky stepped down from his position as editor of Guardian America in February 2009, ceding editing and planning duties to other US and London staff. He retained his position as a columnist and blogger, taking

8988-470: The public's dislike of the campaign contributed to Bush's victory in Clark County. In 2007, the paper launched Guardian America , an attempt to capitalise on its large online readership in the United States, which at the time stood at more than 5.9 million. The company hired former American Prospect editor, New York magazine columnist and New York Review of Books writer Michael Tomasky to head

9095-493: The public's trust of specific titles online, The Guardian scored highest for digital-content news, with 84% of readers agreeing that they "trust what [they] see in it". A December 2018 report of a poll by the Publishers Audience Measurement Company stated that the paper's print edition was found to be the most trusted in the UK in the period from October 2017 to September 2018. It was also reported to be

9202-468: The radical reformers, writing: "They have appealed not to the reason but the passions and the suffering of their abused and credulous fellow-countrymen, from whose ill-requited industry they extort for themselves the means of a plentiful and comfortable existence. They do not toil, neither do they spin, but they live better than those that do." When the government closed down the Manchester Observer ,

9309-499: The southern slave states from the condemnation they deserved. It was critical of Lincoln's emancipation proclamation for stopping short of a full repudiation of slavery throughout the US. And it chastised the president for being so willing to negotiate with the south, with slavery one of the issues still on the table." C. P. Scott made the newspaper nationally recognised. He was editor for 57 years from 1872, and became its owner when he bought

9416-582: The streets of the town, it has now grown too big for the centre of Dolgellau. Since 2002 it has been held on the outskirts of the town and admission is charged, which has allowed the organisers in recent years to book such acts as Bob Geldof , Genod droog, Cerys Matthews , Iwcs a Doyle , Meic Stevens , Super Furry Animals and Goldie Looking Chain . It attracts crowds of up to 5,000 every year and claims to be one of Europe's biggest and best world music festivals. Since 1995 it has been broadcast live on BBC Radio Cymru and since 1997 on S4C . In March 2009 it

9523-453: The then industry regulator, the ITC, punished Carlton with a record £2 million fine for multiple breaches of the UK's broadcasting codes. The scandal led to an impassioned debate about the accuracy of documentary production. Later in June 1998, The Guardian revealed further fabrications in another Carlton documentary from the same director. The paper supported NATO 's military intervention in

9630-450: The time, for those women who "transgressed the gender expectations of Edwardian society ". Scott commissioned J. M. Synge and his friend Jack Yeats to produce articles and drawings documenting the social conditions of the west of Ireland; these pieces were published in 1911 in the collection Travels in Wicklow, West Kerry and Connemara . Scott's friendship with Chaim Weizmann played

9737-540: The title editor-at-large. In October 2009, the company abandoned the Guardian America homepage, instead directing users to a US news index page on the main Guardian website. The following month, the company laid off six American employees, including a reporter, a multimedia producer and four web editors. The move came as Guardian News and Media opted to reconsider its US strategy amid a huge effort to cut costs across

9844-586: The town as the base for the Mach Loop . To the north lies the Dolmelynllyn estate , which includes walking routes that include Rhaeadr Ddu waterfall and the former gold mines on Cefn Coch . The Great Western Railway line from Ruabon to Llangollen was extended via Corwen and Llanuwchllyn to Dolgellau, where it formed an end-on connection with the Cambrian Railways line from Barmouth Junction and

9951-469: The tribunal and its findings, arguing that "Widgery's report is not one-sided". In response to the introduction of internment without trial in Northern Ireland, The Guardian argued that "Internment without trial is hateful, repressive and undemocratic. In the existing Irish situation, most regrettably, it is also inevitable... To remove the ringleaders, in the hope that the atmosphere might calm down,

10058-444: The village of Ganllwyd . Its geology is predominately Middle-Upper Cambrian strata, but also includes Barmouth grit and Gamlan flags, as well as Cefn Coch grit. Griffith Vaughan (died c.  1700 ), the fourth son of the antiquary Robert Vaughan , settled at the estate in the late seventeenth century. His great-grandson, also Robert Vaughan, sold it approximately a century later. In 1796 William Alexander Madocks purchased

10165-423: The woodland. Its woods supplied green oak to support the conservation of Egryn, a medieval farmhouse also owned by the Trust. The Welsh National Sheepdog Trials took place on the estate in 2018. In 2019 pine martens were recorded on the estate for the first time; they were lured there from territories nearby with jam and eggs. In 2021 The Guardian named the estate as one of the United Kingdom's top ten places for

10272-451: The workings was established in 1864. It had ceased production by 1866, having processed 648 troy ounces of gold. A mine was then reopened further up the hillside at Cefn Coch , following the same lode . The remains of the mill are ruins, but visitors to the estate are able to reach them; they include two water-wheel pits. At the edge of one of the pits is a grinding device, unique to Welsh gold-mining, known as an "edge-runner". A reservoir

10379-474: The worst portion of the mill-owners". The Manchester Guardian was generally hostile to labour's claims. Of the 1832 Ten Hours Bill, the paper doubted whether in view of the foreign competition "the passing of a law positively enacting a gradual destruction of the cotton manufacture in this kingdom would be a much less rational procedure." The Manchester Guardian dismissed strikes as the work of outside agitators, stating that "if an accommodation can be effected,

10486-526: Was added after 1890. One former name is the Oakley Arms. North Lodge stands at the driveway to the hall; it is now a farmhouse. The estate is home to the highest concentration of bee boles in Wales. A bee bole is a cavity in a wall, built to hold a skep . There are 46 boles, built in the nineteenth century, likely by the owner of the estate Charles Williams. The estate also includes Nant Las  – a nineteenth-century observatory rented out by

10593-479: Was announced that there would be no Sesiwn Fawr in 2009, owing to debts of over £50,000, mostly the result of a wet event in 2007. Smaller musical events took place in pubs, etc., but the future format of the festival was put under review. The festival returned on a smaller scale in 2011, and has been organised annually since then. Every summer, Dolgellau is also host to the Gŵyl Cefn Gwlad ("Festival of

10700-615: Was appointed as the newspaper's first news editor there, becoming the first woman to hold such a position on a British national newspaper. During the early period of the Troubles , The Guardian supported British state intervention to quell disturbances between Irish Catholics and Ulster loyalists in Northern Ireland . After the Battle of the Bogside between Catholic residents of Derry and

10807-451: Was built at the site. In addition to these sites, there are also other traces of trial adits across the estate. Copper was also mined on the estate from 1861 to 1865 and again from 1891 to 1895. Dolgellau, Gwynedd Dolgellau ( / d ɒ l ˈ ɡ ɛ h l aɪ / ; Welsh pronunciation: [dɔlˈɡɛɬaɨ] ) is a town and community in Gwynedd , north-west Wales , lying on

10914-533: Was founded in Manchester in 1821 by cotton merchant John Edward Taylor with backing from the Little Circle , a group of non-conformist businessmen. They launched the paper, on 5 May 1821 (by chance the very day of Napoleon's death) after the police closure of the more radical Manchester Observer , a paper that had championed the cause of the Peterloo Massacre protesters. Taylor had been hostile to

11021-844: Was home to numerous manuscript treasures, including the Book of Aneirin , the Book of Taliesin , the Black Book of Carmarthen , the White Book of Rhydderch and the Hengwrt manuscript . The Hengwrt manuscripts (not including the Book of Aneirin, taken from Hengwrt in the 1780s) form the majority of the collection now known as the Peniarth Manuscripts , held at the National Library of Wales . In 1971 John Elwyn Jones,

11128-531: Was named after its benefactor Daniel Williams , (1643–1716) a Nonconformist minister from Wrexham , who also gave his name to Dr Williams's Library in Euston, London . The school closed in 1975. Dolgellau Grammar School, a boys' school, had been established in 1665 by the then Rector of Dolgellau, John Ellis , at Pen Bryn (now demolished), before moving to its present site on the Welshpool road. In 1962, it became

11235-543: Was the county town of Merionethshire ( Welsh : Meirionydd, Sir Feirionnydd ) until 1974 when, following the Local Government Act of 1972 , it became the administrative centre of Meirionnydd , a district of the county of Gwynedd . This was abolished in 1996 by the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 . Today, the economy of Dolgellau relies chiefly on tourism (see below ), although agriculture still plays

11342-593: Was the editor of The Guardian at the time, but he went on to argue that the paper had no choice because it "believed in the rule of law". In a 2019 article discussing Julian Assange and the protection of sources by journalists, John Pilger criticised the editor of The Guardian for betraying Tisdall by choosing not to go to prison "on a fundamental principle of protecting a source". In 1994, KGB defector Oleg Gordievsky identified Guardian literary editor Richard Gott as "an agent of influence". While Gott denied that he received cash, he admitted he had had lunch at

11449-424: Was used to construct the Dolgellau bypass in the late 1970s. Historical attractions, apart from the town itself, include the 12th century Cymer Abbey , a short walk from Dolgellau. The tourist information centre also has an exhibition on Quakers and there is a Quaker graveyard in the town. A field known as Camlan, in nearby Dinas Mawddwy , has been claimed as the site of the last battle of King Arthur (based on

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