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80-815: The Derwent Valley Heritage Way (DVHW) is a 55 miles (89 km) waymarked footpath along the Derwent Valley through the Peak District (as far as Rowsley ). The walk starts from Ladybower Reservoir in the Peak District National Park via Chatsworth , the scenery around the Derbyshire Dales , and through the Derwent Valley Mills World Heritage Site . It follows the Riverside Path through Derby and continues onwards to

160-463: A market charter for Glossop in 1290, and one for Charlesworth in 1328. In 1433, the monks leased all of Glossopdale to the Talbot family, later Earls of Shrewsbury . In 1494, an illegitimate son of the family, Dr John Talbot, was appointed vicar of Glossop. He founded a school, and paved the packhorse route over the moors; this is known as Doctor's Gate . At the dissolution of the monasteries in 1537

240-542: A further eleven chapels. For decades there was rivalry between Edward Partington , his friend Herbert Rhodes, and the Woods and Sidebottoms. The Woods built the public baths and laid out the park. Partington built the library. Partington built the cricket pavilion, so Samuel Hill-Wood sponsored the football club that for one season, 1899–1900, played in League Division One. He and his descendants went on to be chairmen of

320-684: A group of small mills at Bridge End, John Wood built a complex of mills. Bridge End Mill was originally built in 1782 as a fulling mill. Today one mill building is being restored, and the Milltown mills lie idle. Glossop Town Hall and Market Hall was designed in Italianate style by Sheffield architects Weightman and Hadfield. The foundation stone was laid on 28 June 1838, the Coronation Day of Queen Victoria. The buildings were opened on 10 July 1845. Cost of construction exceeded £8,500. The facilities included

400-427: A lock-up with four cells heated by hot water. The viaduct was built in 1845, and later reinforced with additional piers. An accident occurred in 1855, when an MS&LR passenger train was stopped by signalling on the viaduct at night. Two men and a woman mistook the parapet of the viaduct for the station platform at Hadfield, alighted from the train and fell 75 feet to their deaths. The present-day (2008) fabric of

480-482: A more diverse range of industries. In spite of the Barlow Report and government intervention, no significant employer moved into Glossop. Gamesley underwent considerable change in the 1960s, when a large council estate was built, mainly to house people from Manchester. These housing areas, called ' Overspill estates ', were also built in other towns surrounding Manchester. Glossop has been included as pilot in

560-499: A municipal borough and then have that status removed. Land has been added to Glossop and other lands removed. From a small settlement it became an ancient parish, a manor, a borough and a township. Currently, two county divisions in High Peak Borough, Derbyshire, have Glossop as part of their names. There is evidence of a Bronze Age burial site on Shire Hill (near Old Glossop ) and other possibly prehistoric remains at Torside (on

640-587: A parish council, but Tintwistle and St John's are parished. The Member of Parliament for the High Peak constituency since 2024 has been Jon Pearce . Historically, the ancient parish of Glossop consisted of the ten townships of the manor: Glossop, Hadfield, Padfield, Dinting, Simmondley, Whitfield, Chunal, Charlesworth, Chisworth, Ludworth and nine more: Mellor , Thornsett , Rowarth , Whittle ( Whitle ), Beard , Ollersett , Hayfield , Little Hayfield , Phoside, Kinder , Bugsworth , Brownside and Chinley . Within

720-623: A strategic open space, and was donated by the 2nd Lord Howard of Glossop as a First World War memorial. Early private horse-drawn buses were first provided by the Glossop Carriage Company Ltd, and an electric tramway connected Glossop with Hadfield between 1903 and 1927. Public transport in Glossop is now coordinated by Derbyshire County Council , with the exception of rail travel and some bus services being provided by Transport for Greater Manchester (TfGM). Glossop railway station

800-560: A stream known as a brook. Shelf Brook passes through Old Glossop where it joins Hurst Brook to form Glossop Brook, which passes westward through Milltown, Howard Town and Dinting to the River Etherow, which in turn runs south to join the River Goyt at Marple Bridge . Two other notable brooks are Padfield Brook and Gnat Hole Brook. Shelf Brook leads from Shelf Moor on Bleaklow down Doctor's Gate through Old Glossop to Glossop Brook. The valley

880-480: A valley, a small valley in a larger valley system, or a piece of land enclosed by marshes and Glott was probably a chieftain's name. Because of its size and location, Glossop had many definitions. The village of Glossop is now called Old Glossop. Howard Town and Milltown gained importance. They were named New Town and then Glossop. Local government reorganisations had caused the Glossopdale villages to be promoted to

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960-448: Is William, of 1252. At this time the church was probably aisleless. It was altered in the 15th century when the nave was rebuilt with arcades , aisles and a still-extant (2008) arch at the east end of the north aisle. In 1554 a new and taller tower with a broach spire was built 3 feet west of the old tower, incorporating the east wall of the previous tower. The nave was completely rebuilt in 1831, with removal and replacement of much of

1040-507: Is a river in Derbyshire , England. It is 50 miles (80 km) long and is a tributary of the River Trent , which it joins south of Derby . Throughout its course, the river mostly flows through the Peak District and its foothills. Much of the river's route, with the exception of the city of Derby, is rural. However, the river has also seen many human uses, and between Matlock and Derby

1120-626: Is also fed by the River Westend , whilst Ladybower Reservoir is also fed by the River Ashop . The former confluences of the two tributaries with the Derwent are now submerged below the respective reservoirs. Further south, the Derwent passes the village of Bamford , where it is joined by the River Noe . Below this confluence, it flows through Hathersage , Grindleford , Calver and Baslow , and through

1200-539: Is bounded by the Peak District National Park to the south, east and north. In 2021, it had a population of 17,825. Historically, the name Glossop refers to the small hamlet that gave its name to an ancient parish recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 and then the manor given by William I of England to William Peverel . A municipal borough was created in 1866, which encompassed less than half of

1280-498: Is on the Glossop line between Manchester Piccadilly and Hadfield . There are generally half-hourly train services, increasing to every 20 minutes during rush hour, along this remaining stub of the former Woodhead Line . A user group, the Friends of Glossop Station , are working to make the station more attractive and to encourage greater use of public transport. The trains operated on

1360-530: Is on the edge of the Peak District Dome, at the southern edge of the Pennine anticline. The Variscan uplift has caused much faulting and Glossopdale was the product of glacial action in the last glaciation period that exploited the weakened rocks. The steep-sided valleys of the cloughs cause significant erosion and deposition. The layers of sandstone, mudstones and shale in the bedrock act as an aquifer to feed

1440-537: The '4s 2d or swing strike' it was incomers from Ashton who stopped the Glossop mills. The rivalry in Glossop was not based on class but on religious groups. The decline of cotton spinning has resulted in the closure of many of the town's mills. The Howard family sold the Glossop Estate in 1925 and donated large areas to the people of Glossop. Manor Park was the location of the family's manor house and gardens. The recession of 1929 hit Glossop very hard: in 1929

1520-620: The A57 and the market square has been pedestrianised. In the local government reorganisation of 1974 the Municipal Borough of Glossop was abolished, and since then the two levels of local government are Derbyshire County Council , based in Matlock, and High Peak Borough Council then based in Chapel-en-le-Frith. Glossop was included in the "South East Lancashire Special Review Area" under

1600-631: The Cromford Canal . The terminus was once connected to Manchester across the High Peak by the early Cromford and High Peak Railway . Alphabetical listing of tributaries, extracted from the Water Framework Directive list of water bodies for the Derbyshire Derwent: The River Derwent provides the name for the oldest hockey club in Derbyshire . Derwent Hockey Club was established in 1897 and played its matches on

1680-692: The Derwent Valley Mills . By 1788 there were over 200 Arkwright-type mills in Britain. At the same time there were 17 cotton mills in Derbyshire, principally in Glossop. By 1831 there were at least 30 mills in Glossopdale, none of which had more than 1,000 spindles. The mill owners were local men: the Wagstaffs and Hadfields were freeholders from Whitfield ; the Shepleys, Shaws, Lees, Garlicks and Platts had farmed

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1760-574: The Gateway to the Peak . Wren Nest Mill on High Street West was built c. 1800–10, with further extensions in 1815 and 1818, the latter incorporating an octagonal tower. The present building is a small part of the original complex, which in its heyday employed 1,400 workers operating 123,000 spindles and 2,541 looms. It ceased trading in 1955. A major fire in 1996 destroyed half the mill. The remaining half has been redeveloped into flats and retail units. From

1840-652: The Green Flag Award : Manor Park close to the town centre, which has views of the surrounding countryside, and Howard Park , which was described by the Award organisation as "a good example of visionary layout from the Victorian era retaining many original features". Glossop's parkrun takes place in Manor Park every Saturday at 9am. Harehills Park, with its riverside footpath and mature trees, has been identified by Glossop Vision as

1920-645: The Local Government Act 1958 , and the Redcliffe-Maud Report of 1969 recommended its inclusion in a South East Lancashire–North East Cheshire metropolitan area. Glossop was not ultimately included in the Greater Manchester area established by the Local Government Act 1972 , with the residents voting to remain in Derbyshire in 1973. The county council, originally based in Derby , moved to Matlock in

2000-614: The North Sea via the Humber Estuary . The River Derwent is the habitat for many different animals such as otters , birds, insects, fish and crayfish. It is also a habitat for many wild flowers, as exemplified by the Lower Derwent Trail. The lower river from Derwent Mouth upstream as far as Derby was made navigable under an Act of Parliament of 1720, and this stretch opened to navigation in 1721. Traffic ceased about 1795 and

2080-674: The River Derwent into Baslow and Matlock . To the north of Glossop is Tintwistle; the River Etherow is the boundary. Today, the Longdendale valley forms a chain of reservoirs that provide drinking water for Manchester. At the head of the valley is Woodhead , where the road from Huddersfield joins the road to Sheffield, and a three-mile railway tunnel brought the railway from Penistone . Directly beneath Glossop lie areas of Carboniferous Millstone Grit , shales and sandstone . Glossop

2160-594: The Stock Market Crash of 1929 . Their product lines were vulnerable to the new economic conditions. The main street contains a variety of shops, restaurants and food outlets. Glossop is located close to the border of the Peak National Park , and to the east are the open moorlands of the Dark Peak . The local economy benefits from the many thousands of tourists who visit the park each year and who use Glossop as

2240-534: The cotton industry . Architecturally, the area is dominated by buildings constructed with the local sandstone; a number of these, including Glossop Gasworks , are grade II listed. Two significant former cotton mills and the Dinting railway viaduct remain. The name Glossop is thought to be of Anglo-Saxon origin, named during the Angles ' settlement in the 7th century, and derived from Glott's Hop —where hop could mean

2320-412: The 18th century Glossop became a centre for cotton spinning. A good transport network between Liverpool and Glossop brought in imported cotton which was spun by a labour force with wool spinning skills. The climate of Glossopdale provided abundant soft water that was used to power mills and finish the cloth, and also gave the humidity necessary to spin cotton under tension. Initial investment was provided by

2400-591: The Derwent is still harnessed at a number of these historic mill sites, producing hydro-electricity from turbines instead of driving mill wheels, with a recent development being the construction of a hydro-electric station at Longbridge weir, adjacent to the Riverside Gardens in Derby. Howden and Derwent Reservoirs in the upper valley were both completed in 1916 to supply the cities of Sheffield , Nottingham , Derby, and Leicester . The adjacent Ladybower Reservoir

2480-572: The Derwent, the former as far as Ambergate and the latter as far as Rowsley. The Sheffield line still operates as part of the Midland Main Line , but the Manchester line was severed north of Matlock in 1968, and the section from Ambergate to Matlock now forms the Derwent Valley Line , a single-track branch line. Between Ambergate and Cromford, the river, road and railway are also paralleled by

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2560-464: The Dukes of Norfolk. By 1740, cotton in an unspun form had been introduced to make fustians and lighter cloths. The first mills in Glossop were woollen mills. In 1774, Richard Arkwright opened a mill at Cromford . He developed the factory system and patented machines for spinning cotton and carding . In 1785, his patents expired and many people copied Arkwright's system and his patents, exemplified by

2640-573: The Industrial Revolution . Before the First World War , Glossop had the headquarters of an international paper empire, the largest calico printworks in the world, a large bleach works and six spinning weaving combines with over 600,000 spindles and 12,000 looms and two niche manufacturers: grindstones and industrial belts . In the 1920s, these firms were refloated on the easily available share capital —thus were victims of

2720-687: The Liveability scheme, and has drawn up the Glossop Vision masterplan for the improvement and gentrification of the town. This is being partially funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund . It aims to open up access to the Glossop Brook, to coordinate developments in Glossop town centre, to enhance the built environment and to link the town to its wider setting. As such, the mills have become a retail development with housing, trees are to be planted along

2800-481: The London club, Arsenal . He was MP for High Peak from 1910 to 1929. Edward's son, Oswald , was MP for High Peak from 1900 to 1910. Ann Kershaw Woods devoted herself to Anglican education and had schools built. In 1851, 38% of the men and 27% of the women were employed in cotton; the only alternative employment was agriculture, building, or labouring on the railway. Consequently, the town was vulnerable to interruptions in

2880-624: The Peak District National Park, whilst the middle reaches around the old spa town of Matlock Bath offer souvenir shops and amusement arcades, together with attractions such as the Heights of Abraham and its cable car . Derwent is derived from Brittonic river name * Deruentiū , Latinised as Deruentiō , meaning "(belonging/pertaining to the) forest of oak trees"; the old river name survived in medieval Welsh poetry, such as Peis Dinogat (" Dinogad's Smock ") attached to

2960-457: The Waterside Mill at Hadfield. In 1825, John Wood installed the first steam engine and power looms . Sumner and Sidebottom followed suit and the three mills, Wren Nest, Howardtown and Waterside, became very large vertical combines (a vertical combine was a mill that both spun the yarn and then used it to weave cloth). With the other major families, the Shepleys, Rhodes and Platts, they dominated

3040-805: The banks of the Derwent in Darley Dale , before relocating to Wirksworth . It also gives its name to Derwent Rowing Club in Derby, founded in 1857. The pureness of the river has also been commented on by Charles Cotton – "Piscator" in Izaac Walton's Compleat Angler . Glossop Glossop is a market town in the borough of High Peak , Derbyshire , England, 15 miles (24 km) east of Manchester , 24 miles (39 km) north-west of Sheffield and 32 miles (51 km) north of Matlock . Near Derbyshire's borders with Cheshire , Greater Manchester , South Yorkshire and West Yorkshire , between 150 and 300 metres (492 and 984 ft) above sea level, it

3120-533: The city of Manchester , 24 miles (38.6 km) west of the city of Sheffield and 48 miles (77.2 km) north of Derby . It nestles in the foothills of the Pennines , with Bleaklow to the north-east and Kinder Scout to the south. It lies on Glossop Brook, a tributary of the River Etherow , in the area of peat moorland commonly known as the Dark Peak . The moors, which rise to over 1,960 ft, are cut by many deep V-shaped valleys known as cloughs, each formed by

3200-464: The cotton returned. The relationship between the owners and men was one of paternal benevolence. They lived in the same community and worshipped in the same churches. The mill owners were the local aldermen, the church elders and led the sports teams. In the Luddite and Chartist times and the period following Peterloo , Glossop was virtually unaffected, despite its proximity to Hyde , a radical hotbed. In

3280-480: The dale. In 1884, the six had 82% of the spinning capacity with 892,000 spindles and 13,571 looms. Glossop was a town of very large calico mills. The Glossop Tramway was opened in 1903 to connect workers to the various mills along the main routes between Glossop and Hadfield. The calico printing factory of Edmund Potter (located in Dinting Vale) in the 1850s printed 2½ million pieces of printed calico, of which 80%

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3360-523: The dale. The Sidebottoms were from Hadfield , the Thornleys were carpenters and John Bennet and John Robinson were clothiers. John Wood of Marsden came from Manchester in 1819 and bought existing woollen mills which he expanded. These were the Howard Town mills. Francis Sumner was a Catholic whose family had connections with Matthew Ellison, Howard's agent. He built Wren Nest Mill. The Sidebottoms built

3440-506: The drier summer months. Today all these reservoirs are managed by Severn Trent Water . The valley of the Derwent provides an important communications route. Between Derby and Rowsley the valley is followed by the A6 road , which was the main road from London to Manchester until the creation of the motorway network, and is still a busy single-carriageway road. The former Midland Railway 's lines from Derby to Sheffield and Manchester also followed

3520-410: The east bank. Some 4 miles (6.4 km) into its journey it passes through three consecutive reservoirs: Howden , the highest, Derwent and Ladybower Reservoir . Derwent Reservoir is named after the now-submerged village of Derwent , which was named after the river. Once past Howden Reservoir, both banks of the river are in Derbyshire, and the river remains in the county to its mouth. Howden Reservoir

3600-573: The estate of Chatsworth House , before it is joined by the River Wye at Rowsley . After passing through Darley Dale , the Derwent reaches Matlock , where, at an oxbow, it collects the Bentley Brook . It then flows past the villages of Matlock Bath , Cromford , Whatstandwell , and Ambergate , where it is joined by the River Amber . Below Ambergate, the river flows through the town of Belper and

3680-603: The full power of the river to drive their complex machinery. This required the construction of large weirs across the Derwent that still remain as significant features in the riverscape. These sites were all important in the development of the Industrial Revolution , and Arkwright's innovation, along with several local competitors, is recognised today by the designation of the area as the Derwent Valley Mills World Heritage Site . The power of

3760-615: The greater part of Charlesworth joining Chapel en le Frith RDC and the smaller part—271 acres (1.1 km )—joining Glossop. The present community of Glossop is centred on Howardtown. It is served by the Glossopdale Area Forum and the Glossop Town Partnership. The previous hamlet of Glossop is now known as Old Glossop. Glossop is at the north-western extreme of England's East Midlands region, 184 miles (296 km) north-west of London, 15 miles (24 km) east of

3840-418: The historic inland port of Shardlow . Journey's end is at Derwent Mouth where the River Derwent flows into the River Trent . The walk was established by The Derwent Valley Trust, which was set up in 1996. The route was planned and developed by Derbyshire Countryside Ranger, Rick Jillings. The Duke of Devonshire opened the walk at Chatsworth House in 2003. Places on the route and highlights on or near

3920-503: The larger poem Y Gododdin , as Derwennydd . The River Derwent rises at Swains Greave (590 metres (1,940 ft) above sea level) on the eastern flank of Bleaklow , opposite Howden Moors, and some 6 miles (9.7 km) east of Glossop . It flows through the Upper Derwent Valley , and for most of its first 6 miles (9.7 km) forms the county boundary between Derbyshire, on its west bank, and South Yorkshire , on

4000-469: The late 1950s to facilitate easier travelling to the county hall from the northern extremities such as Glossop and the High Peak. For the county council, Glossop is split between the divisions of Glossop and Charlesworth (electing two councillors), and Etherow (electing one councillor). Etherow division contains Hadfield North, Hadfield South, Gamesley and the large and sparsely populated Tintwistle ward, which

4080-512: The line are three-car Class 323 electric multiple units , built between 1992 and 1996 by Hunslet Transportation Projects . There are regular bus services running to towns in Tameside , Buxton , New Mills , Whaley Bridge , the Hope Valley , Sheffield and infrequent services to Holmfirth . Bus services in Glossop are operated predominantly by High Peak and by Stagecoach Manchester , with

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4160-409: The lion, the symbol of the Norfolks. Many of the street- and placenames in Glossop derive from the names and titles of the Dukes of Norfolk, such as Norfolk Square , and a cluster of residential streets off Norfolk Street that were named after Henry Howard, 13th Duke of Norfolk , the first Catholic MP since the Reformation . (His second son was created 1st Baron Howard of Glossop and was ancestor of

4240-414: The manor of Glossop was given to the Talbot family. In 1606 it came into the ownership of the Howard family, the Dukes of Norfolk , who held it for the next 300 years. Glossop was usually given to the second son of the family. The land was too wet and cold to be used for wheat but was ideal for the hardy Pennine sheep , so agriculture was predominantly pastoral. Most of the land was owned by the Howards and

4320-408: The manor's territory. The area now known as Glossop approximates to the villages that used to be called Glossopdale, on the lands of the Duke of Norfolk . Originally a centre of wool processing, Glossop rapidly expanded in the late 18th century when it specialised in the production and printing of calico , a coarse cotton. It became a mill town with many chapels and churches; its fortunes were tied to

4400-432: The name Melandra Castle. The extensive site has been excavated, revealing fort walls, a shrine and the fort headquarters. The area has been landscaped to provide parking and picnic areas. King William I awarded the manor of Glossop to William Peverel , who began construction of Glossop Castle , but the entire estate was later confiscated. In 1157 King Henry II gave the manor of Glossop to Basingwerk Abbey . They gained

4480-422: The navigation was acquired by the owners of the competing Derby Canal . The river is no longer considered navigable, although the upper river is widely used by kayakers and canoeists who enjoy the fast-flowing water and the slalom course at Matlock Bath . The river was also used to power the many textile mills that were built along the Derwent between Matlock Bath and Derby. Initially, the need for water power

4560-444: The old fabric including the tracery of the aisle windows. The work was carried out by the firm of E. W. Drury of Sheffield, the cost far exceeding the initial estimate of £700. When the nave was rebuilt in 1914 it was discovered that the arch leading to the chancel had been partly made up of plaster, the wall supported by this arch had not been bonded into the existing chancel walls, and the "oak" roof bosses were also plaster. Between

4640-461: The old parish church in 1831, built All Saints Roman Catholic chapel in 1836, improved the Hurst Reservoir in 1837, and built the Town Hall , whose foundation stone was laid on Coronation Day 1838. The Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne and Manchester Railway came to Dinting in 1842, but it was the 13th Duke of Norfolk who built the spur line to Howard Town, so that coal could be brought from the collieries at Dukinfield . Glossop railway station bears

4720-400: The parish church of All Saints is mostly of the 20th century; very little remains of the previous churches on this site. The first mention of a church in Glossop is in the charter of 1157 conferring the manor of Glossop on Basingwerk Abbey . Although the dedication of the church to All Saints may indicate an Anglo-Saxon origin, no trace of such a church has been found. The first recorded vicar

4800-515: The parish were the chapelries of Hayfield and Mellor. The ancient parish was in the Hundred of High Peak; it was about 16 miles (25.7 km) in length and 5 miles (8 km) wide, with an area of 31,876 acres (129 km ). Beard, Ollerset, Thornsett, Rowarth and Whitle later formed the town of New Mills , while Hayfield, Little Hayfield, Phoside and Kinder joined the parish of Hayfield. The chapelry of Mellor included Mellor, Chisworth, Ludworth, Whittle and part of Thornsett. The Manor of Glossop

4880-408: The pillars of the nave sleeper walls had been built to a higher level than the pillar bases. These walls appear to have been needed to counteract the effects on the church structure of a combination of excess drainage from the nearby hillside and the numerous burials inside the church. The pillars of the new nave of 1914 were superimposed on the bases of the old pillars, and the floor built up to cover

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4960-694: The post-1975 dukes.) A two-storey Township Workhouse was built between 1832 and 1834 on Bute Street ( grid reference SK043952 ). Its administration was taken over by Glossop Poor Law Union in December 1837. The workhouse buildings included a 40-bed infirmary, piggeries and casual wards for vagrants. The workhouse later became Glossop Public Assistance Institution and from 1948 the N.H.S. Shire Hill Hospital . The mill owners, Catholics, Anglican, Methodist and Unitarian, built reading rooms and chapels. They worked together and worshipped together with their workers. The Woods, Sidebottoms and Shepleys were Anglicans and hence Tory, and they dominated every vestry, which

5040-467: The sleeper walls. The tower and chancel were demolished and rebuilt in 1853–55, the new tower also having a broach spire. The chancel was again rebuilt in 1923, completing the architect C. M. Hadfield's plan of 1914. The present church has a nave of 5 bays, 25 yards long by 16 yards wide, with north and south aisles, and a chancel of 14 yards by 7 yards with a north aisle dedicated as St Catherine's Chapel. Two public open spaces in Glossop have been given

5120-400: The slopes of Bleaklow ). The Romans arrived in 78 AD. At that time, the area was within the territory of the Brigantes tribe, whose main base was in Yorkshire . In the late 1st century the Romans built a fort, Ardotalia , on high ground above the river in present-day Gamesley . The site of this fort was rediscovered in 1771 by an amateur historian, John Watson . It subsequently acquired

5200-438: The springs. The valley bottoms have a thin deposit of boulder clay . The brooks are fed by the peaty soils of the moors thus are acid (pH5.5–7.0); this means the instream wildlife is dependent on food sources from outside the channel. Glossop experiences a temperate maritime climate , like much of the British Isles , with relatively cool summers and mild winters. There is regular but generally light precipitation throughout

5280-416: The supply of cotton or the export trade. The American Civil War caused the cotton famine of 1861–64. The mill owners met together and put in place a relief programme through which they supplied food, clogs and coal to their employees. Howard increased the workforce on his estate, and public works (such as improving the domestic water supply) were undertaken. They provided unsecured loans to the workers until

5360-442: The town hall in Howard Town and a sliver to the north bounded by the River Etherow, an area of 3,052 acres (12.35 km ). It is cited as an example of a 'millocracy' as two-thirds of the elected councillors were mill owners. The remaining parishes of Charlesworth, Chisworth and Ludworth formed Glossopdale Rural District, which remained in existence until 1934 when the parishes were split, Ludworth going into Marple RDC, Chisworth and

5440-509: The trail: Train stations: Bamford , Hathersage , Rowsley South , Darley Dale , Matlock , Matlock Bath , Cromford , Whatstandwell , Ambergate , Belper , Duffield , Derby . The route is covered by 4 OS Explorer maps: Connected paths: Bonnie Prince Charlie Walk, Centenary Way (Derbyshire), High Peak Trail , Midshires Way . The official guide book is 'The Derwent Valley Heritage Way' published by Bannister Publications, 2ed, 2014. River Derwent, Derbyshire The Derwent

5520-409: The unemployment rate was 14%, and in 1931 it was 55%. In Hadfield it reached 67%. National initiatives to improve housing and employment conditions largely failed, and mills fell empty and decayed. Unemployment remained at 36% in 1938. The Second World War changed this: military stores, metals, machine tools, munitions, rubber and essential industries moved into the empty factories and left Glossop with

5600-556: The villages of Milford and Duffield , where it is joined by the River Ecclesbourne . It then enters the city of Derby near Darley Abbey and flows through the centre of the city. The river ends at Derwent Mouth , between Shardlow and Sawley , where it joins the River Trent at a height of 30 metres (98 ft) above sea level; a total drop of 560 metres (1,840 ft). Its course meanders somewhat, especially in its lower reaches, adding 16 miles (26 km) to its apparent length of 50 miles (80 km). Its waters ultimately reach

5680-406: The year. Glossop has a history of flash flooding, the most recent being in 2002 when High Street West was flooded to a depth of 3 feet (1 m). Glossop demographics were recorded as the following: Glossop was a product of the wealth of the cotton industry. Glossop's economy was linked closely with a spinning and weaving tradition that had evolved from developments in textile manufacture during

5760-519: Was leasehold and it was only in Whitfield that there was any freehold land. The few houses were solid, built of the local stone, and allowed for the development of home industries such as wool spinning and weaving. The medieval economy was based on sheep pasture and the production of wool by farmers who were tenants of the Abbot of Basingwerk and later the Talbot family. During the Industrial Revolution of

5840-522: Was completed in 1945 to cover increasing demand. Treated water from these reservoirs flows down the 28-mile (45 km) Derwent Valley Aqueduct parallel to the river. The river also indirectly supplies Carsington Reservoir , with the water taken from the river by a pumping station at Ambergate in times of high flow. When flows are low, water is released back into the river via the same 6.5-mile (10.5 km) route of tunnels and aqueducts, thus allowing greater abstraction rates downstream at Little Eaton in

5920-632: Was for export. The paper industry was created by Edward Partington who, as Olive and Partington, bought the Turn Lee Mill in 1874 to produce high-quality paper from wood pulp by the sulphite method . He expanded rapidly with mills in Salford and Barrow-in-Furness . He merged with Kellner of Vienna and was created Lord Doverdale in 1917. He died in 1925; his factories in Charlestown created nearly 1,000 jobs. Bernard Howard, 12th Duke of Norfolk , rebuilt

6000-553: Was formerly in Cheshire. These boundaries were set in 2013. At the district level, that is High Peak Borough Council, Glossop comprises these wards: Dinting, Gamesley, Hadfield North, Hadfield South, Old Glossop, Padfield, Howard Town, Simmondley and Whitfield. St John's represents the rural area that was formerly Glossopdale RDC and lies within the National Park. These were the wards used in the 2001 Census. Glossop itself does not have

6080-419: Was made up of the territory that includes Hadfield , Padfield , Dinting , Simmondley , Whitfield , Chunal , Charlesworth , Chisworth , Ludworth and the village of Glossop, now called Old Glossop . It had an area of 11,308 acres (45.76 km ), of which more than 8,000 acres (32 km ) were classed as moorland. The Municipal Borough of Glossop (1866–1974) contained the land within two miles of

6160-464: Was one of the cradles of the Industrial Revolution . It is the site of the Derwent Valley Mills , the first industrial-scale cotton mills . Today it provides a water supply to several surrounding cities, and its steep-sided valley is an important communications corridor through the uplands of the Peak District. The scenery of the Derwent valley attracts many tourists. The upper reaches pass through

6240-474: Was quite modest, for example Lombe's Silk Mill in Derby, which is considered to be the forerunner of the later cotton mills , only needed to use the power provided by a small mill stream, and Richard Arkwright 's Cromford Mill , the world's first water-powered cotton spinning mill, only used a small tributary of the Derwent in conjunction with a lead mine sough . The later mills at Belper , Darley Abbey and Masson Mill were much larger and needed to harness

6320-550: Was the only form of local government before 1866. They built four churches St James's, Whitfield in 1846, St Andrew's, Hadfield in 1874, Holy Trinity, Dinting in 1875 and St Luke's, Glossop . Francis Sumner and the Ellisons and Norfolks were Catholic and built St Charles's, Hadfield and St Mary's, Glossop. The smaller mill owners were Dissenters and congregated at Littlemoor Independent Chapel built in Hadfield in 1811, but they later built

6400-611: Was used by the Romans for a road, and currently contains a bridleway . The north slope of Holden Clough and Hurst Brook is used by the A57 road known as the Snake Pass . The Snake Pass crosses the Pennine Way near Doctor's Gate Culvert (1,680 ft above sea level) before descending to the east to Ladybower Reservoir along the northern side of the River Ashop valley. Here a road leads east over Hallam Moor into Sheffield , and south along

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