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49-1157: Coordinates : 32°01′26″N 128°23′07″E / 32.023913°N 128.385194°E / 32.023913; 128.385194 Japanese island group Danjo Islands Native name: 男女群島 Danjo-guntō [REDACTED] Danjo Islands (at the bottom, marked NANNYO-GUNTŌ) in the East China Sea , with the Gotō Islands to the Northeast ( USAMS 1952) [REDACTED] Geography Coordinates 32°01′26″N 128°23′07″E / 32.023913°N 128.385194°E / 32.023913; 128.385194 Adjacent to East China Sea Major islands 5 (uninhabited) Area 4.7 km (1.8 sq mi) Highest elevation 281 m (922 ft) Administration Japan Prefectures Nagasaki Prefecture Municipality Gotō City The Danjo Islands ( 男女群島 , Danjo-guntō , literally: "male and female archipelago") are
98-502: A tan ϕ {\displaystyle \textstyle {\tan \beta ={\frac {b}{a}}\tan \phi }\,\!} ; for the GRS 80 and WGS 84 spheroids, b a = 0.99664719 {\textstyle {\tfrac {b}{a}}=0.99664719} . ( β {\displaystyle \textstyle {\beta }\,\!} is known as the reduced (or parametric) latitude ). Aside from rounding, this
147-824: A Natural Monument , Biotic Community Protection Forest , Special Wildlife Protection Area , and Important Bird Area . Birds found on the islands include the Japanese murrelet , streaked shearwater , brown booby , Ryukyu robin , Japanese wood pigeon , and Pleske's grasshopper warbler . Maps and images [ edit ] [REDACTED] Danjo Islands (North) ( USAMS 1945) [REDACTED] Danjo Islands (South) ( USAMS 1945) [REDACTED] Me-shima ( MLIT 1978) See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Danjo Islands . Fukue Island Jeju Island References [ edit ] ^ Seki Shinichi 関伸一 (December 2010). 男女群島の鳥類 [Avifauna of
196-456: A datum transformation such as a Helmert transformation , although in certain situations a simple translation may be sufficient. Datums may be global, meaning that they represent the whole Earth, or they may be local, meaning that they represent an ellipsoid best-fit to only a portion of the Earth. Examples of global datums include World Geodetic System (WGS 84, also known as EPSG:4326 ),
245-469: A genocide . The commission verified 14,373 people killed during the uprising, 86% by security forces and 14% by rebels. The commission estimated the total death toll at around 30,000. Other sources have estimated higher at 80,000 to 100,000 killed. The act of mentioning the uprising was punishable by beatings, torture, and harsh prison sentences by the South Korea government until the mid-1990s, after which
294-596: A vassal state of Korea under the Goryeo dynasty . In April 1330, in the midst of political purges of the Yuan dynasty , Toghon Temür had been sent in Exile on this remote island, which was then part of the vassal Korean Goguryeo . In 1404, Taejong of Joseon placed the island under firm central control and brought the Tamna kingdom to an end. From April 1948 to May 1949, it was the site of
343-442: A gentle slope around Hallasan Mountain in the center. The length of the main road is 181 km (112 mi) and the coastline is 258 km (160 mi). On the northern end of Jeju Island is Gimnyeong Beach, on the southern end Songak Mountain, the western end Suwol Peak, and the eastern end Seongsan Ilchulbong . The island was formed by the eruption of an underwater volcano approximately 2 million years ago. It contains
392-500: A humid subtropical climate ( Cfa ). Seogwipo , the southern part of the island, is relatively warmer in winter than Jeju City because Hallasan in the middle of the island blocks continental seasonal winds. Downtown Seogwipo has the highest average temperature in January in Korea, even compared to mainland Korea. Seongsan-eup, on the southeastern side of the island, is directly affected by both
441-465: A natural World Heritage Site , the Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes . Jeju Island has a subtropical climate ; even in winter, the temperature rarely falls below 0 °C (32 °F). Jeju is a popular holiday destination and a sizable portion of the economy relies on tourism and related economic activity. Historically, the island has been called by many different names including: Before
490-588: A point on Earth's surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses (often called great circles ), which converge at the North and South Poles. The meridian of the British Royal Observatory in Greenwich , in southeast London, England, is the international prime meridian , although some organizations—such as
539-473: A region of the surface of the Earth. Some newer datums are bound to the center of mass of the Earth. This combination of mathematical model and physical binding mean that anyone using the same datum will obtain the same location measurement for the same physical location. However, two different datums will usually yield different location measurements for the same physical location, which may appear to differ by as much as several hundred meters; this not because
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#1732856112347588-560: A small uninhabited Japanese island group in the East China Sea situated approximately 70 kilometres (43 mi) south-southwest of the Gotō Islands and administratively part of the city of Gotō , Nagasaki Prefecture . The five main islands of O-shima ( 男島 ) Kuroki-jima ( クロキ島 ) , Yori-shima ( 寄島 ) , Hanaguri-jima ( ハナグリ島 ) , and Me-shima ( 女島 ) together stretch some 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from north to south and cover an area of 4.7 square kilometres (1.8 sq mi). The islands, their flora, and their fauna are protected as
637-411: Is 6,367,449 m . Since the Earth is an oblate spheroid , not spherical, that result can be off by several tenths of a percent; a better approximation of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is where Earth's equatorial radius a {\displaystyle a} equals 6,378,137 m and tan β = b
686-529: Is South Korea 's largest island, covering an area of 1,833.2 km (707.8 sq mi), which is 1.83% of the total area of the country. Alongside outlying islands, it is part of Jeju Province and makes up the majority of the province. The island lies in the Korea Strait , south of the Korean Peninsula , and South Jeolla Province . It is located 82.8 km (51.4 mi) off the nearest point on
735-475: Is 110.6 km. The circles of longitude, meridians, meet at the geographical poles, with the west–east width of a second naturally decreasing as latitude increases. On the Equator at sea level, one longitudinal second measures 30.92 m, a longitudinal minute is 1855 m and a longitudinal degree is 111.3 km. At 30° a longitudinal second is 26.76 m, at Greenwich (51°28′38″N) 19.22 m, and at 60° it
784-519: Is 15.42 m. On the WGS 84 spheroid, the length in meters of a degree of latitude at latitude ϕ (that is, the number of meters you would have to travel along a north–south line to move 1 degree in latitude, when at latitude ϕ ), is about The returned measure of meters per degree latitude varies continuously with latitude. Similarly, the length in meters of a degree of longitude can be calculated as (Those coefficients can be improved, but as they stand
833-452: Is known as a graticule . The origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km (390 mi) south of Tema , Ghana , a location often facetiously called Null Island . In order to use the theoretical definitions of latitude, longitude, and height to precisely measure actual locations on the physical earth, a geodetic datum must be used. A horizonal datum
882-550: Is no discovered historical record of the founding or early history of Tamna. One legend tells that the three divine founders of the country—Go ( 고 ), Yang ( 양 ), and Bu ( 부 )—emerged from three holes in the ground in the 24th century BC. These holes, known as the Samseonghyeol ( 삼성혈 ), are still preserved in Jeju City . Until 938 AD, the island was an independent kingdom called Tamna (which means 'island country') when it became
931-469: Is on Wikidata Pages using the Kartographer extension Geographic coordinate system A geographic coordinate system ( GCS ) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude . It is the simplest, oldest and most widely used of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms
980-757: Is the exact distance along a parallel of latitude; getting the distance along the shortest route will be more work, but those two distances are always within 0.6 m of each other if the two points are one degree of longitude apart. Like any series of multiple-digit numbers, latitude-longitude pairs can be challenging to communicate and remember. Therefore, alternative schemes have been developed for encoding GCS coordinates into alphanumeric strings or words: These are not distinct coordinate systems, only alternative methods for expressing latitude and longitude measurements. Jeju Island Jeju Island ( Jeju / Korean : 제주도 ; Hanja : 濟州島 ; RR : Jejudo ; IPA: [tɕeːdʑudo] )
1029-458: Is the main source of groundwater and thus the main water source for the half million people of the island, because rainwater penetrates directly into the aquifer through the cracks of the 'a'a lava under the forest. Gotjawal forest is considered an internationally important wetland under the Ramsar Convention by some researchers because it is the habitat of unique species of plants and is
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#17328561123471078-465: Is used to precisely measure latitude and longitude, while a vertical datum is used to measure elevation or altitude. Both types of datum bind a mathematical model of the shape of the earth (usually a reference ellipsoid for a horizontal datum, and a more precise geoid for a vertical datum) to the earth. Traditionally, this binding was created by a network of control points , surveyed locations at which monuments are installed, and were only accurate for
1127-549: The East Asian monsoon and the Tsushima Current , so annual precipitation is very high. Seogwipo is one of the regions with the highest annual precipitation in Korea. The climate of the highlands in the middle of the island where Hallasan is located is quite different from that of the rest of the island. As the altitude increases, the average temperature decreases and the climate becomes colder. The highlands of Jeju Island have
1176-471: The International Date Line , which diverges from it in several places for political and convenience reasons, including between far eastern Russia and the far western Aleutian Islands . The combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The visual grid on a map formed by lines of latitude and longitude
1225-714: The Jeju uprising , during which around 30,000 people were killed and 40,000 fled to Japan. The Workers' Party of South Korea (WPSK) launched an insurgency against the government in April 1948 which was brutally repressed by the US-backed South Korean regime of Syngman Rhee . In 2003, the National Committee for Investigation of the Truth about the Jeju 3 April Incident described the event as
1274-484: The Pleistocene epoch. The island consists chiefly of basalt and lava. An area covering about 12% (224 square kilometres or 86 square miles) of Jeju Island is called gotjawal , a local term for forests. This area remained uncultivated until the 21st century, as its base of 'a'a lava made it difficult to develop for agriculture. Because this forest remained pristine for so long, it has a unique ecology. The forest
1323-515: The 1st or 2nd century, Marinus of Tyre compiled an extensive gazetteer and mathematically plotted world map using coordinates measured east from a prime meridian at the westernmost known land, designated the Fortunate Isles , off the coast of western Africa around the Canary or Cape Verde Islands , and measured north or south of the island of Rhodes off Asia Minor . Ptolemy credited him with
1372-764: The Danjo Islands, located in the north-eastern part of the East China Sea]; (PDF) . 森林総合研究所研究報告 (Bulletin of FFPRI) (in Japanese). 9 (4): 193–205 . Retrieved 8 April 2021 . ^ 男女（だんじょ）群島生物群集保護林 [Danjo Islands Biotic Community Protection Forest] (in Japanese). Forestry Agency . Retrieved 8 April 2021 . ^ 男女群島 [Danjo Islands] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs . Retrieved 8 April 2021 . ^ 国指定鳥獣保護区一覧 [List of National Wildlife Protection Areas] (PDF) (in Japanese). Ministry of
1421-499: The Earth's surface move relative to each other due to continental plate motion, subsidence, and diurnal Earth tidal movement caused by the Moon and the Sun. This daily movement can be as much as a meter. Continental movement can be up to 10 cm a year, or 10 m in a century. A weather system high-pressure area can cause a sinking of 5 mm . Scandinavia is rising by 1 cm a year as a result of
1470-487: The East China Sea Natural monuments of Japan Important Bird Areas of Japan Hidden categories: Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas CS1 uses Japanese-language script (ja) CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja) Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Articles containing Japanese-language text Coordinates on Wikidata Commons category link
1519-709: The Environment . 1 November 2019 . Retrieved 8 April 2021 . ^ 国指定男女群島鳥獣保護区 [Danjo Islands National Wildlife Protection Area] (PDF) (in Japanese). Ministry of the Environment . Retrieved 8 April 2021 . ^ "Danjo Islands" . BirdLife International . Retrieved 8 April 2021 . ^ "Danjo Islands - Marine" . BirdLife International . Retrieved 8 April 2021 . Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Danjo_Islands&oldid=1204997267 " Categories : Gotō, Nagasaki Islands of Nagasaki Prefecture Archipelagoes of Japan Islands of
Danjo Islands - Misplaced Pages Continue
1568-708: The European ED50 , and the British OSGB36 . Given a location, the datum provides the latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } and longitude λ {\displaystyle \lambda } . In the United Kingdom there are three common latitude, longitude, and height systems in use. WGS 84 differs at Greenwich from the one used on published maps OSGB36 by approximately 112 m. The military system ED50 , used by NATO , differs from about 120 m to 180 m. Points on
1617-524: The French Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière —continue to use other meridians for internal purposes. The prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres , although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E. This is not to be conflated with
1666-551: The Japanese annexation in 1910, the island was usually known as Quelpart (Quelpaërt, Quelpaert) to Europeans; during the occupation it was known by the Japanese name Saishū. The name Quelpart coming from the French language is attested in Dutch no later than 1648 and may have denoted the first Dutch ship to spot the island, the quelpaert de Brack around 1642, or rather some visual similarity of
1715-702: The South Korean government finally admitted that the Jeju uprising had occurred. Jeju is a volcanic island , dominated by Hallasan : a volcano 1,947 metres (6,388 ft) high and the highest mountain in South Korea. The island measures approximately 73 kilometres (45 mi) across, east to west, and 41 kilometres (25 mi) from north to south. The island also has around 360 oreum : small extinct volcanoes or parasitic cones . Many of these are now popular tourist attractions, such as Geomunoreum , Yongnuni Oreum , and Geum Oreum . The island formed by volcanic eruptions approximately two million years ago, during
1764-528: The basis for most others. Although latitude and longitude form a coordinate tuple like a cartesian coordinate system , the geographic coordinate system is not cartesian because the measurements are angles and are not on a planar surface. A full GCS specification, such as those listed in the EPSG and ISO 19111 standards, also includes a choice of geodetic datum (including an Earth ellipsoid ), as different datums will yield different latitude and longitude values for
1813-566: The center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels , as they are parallel to the Equator and to each other. The North Pole is 90° N; the South Pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the Equator , the fundamental plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The Equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres . The longitude λ of
1862-613: The default datum used for the Global Positioning System , and the International Terrestrial Reference System and Frame (ITRF), used for estimating continental drift and crustal deformation . The distance to Earth's center can be used both for very deep positions and for positions in space. Local datums chosen by a national cartographical organization include the North American Datum ,
1911-490: The distance they give is correct within a centimeter.) The formulae both return units of meters per degree. An alternative method to estimate the length of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is to assume a spherical Earth (to get the width per minute and second, divide by 60 and 3600, respectively): where Earth's average meridional radius M r {\displaystyle \textstyle {M_{r}}\,\!}
1960-468: The full adoption of longitude and latitude, rather than measuring latitude in terms of the length of the midsummer day. Ptolemy's 2nd-century Geography used the same prime meridian but measured latitude from the Equator instead. After their work was translated into Arabic in the 9th century, Al-Khwārizmī 's Book of the Description of the Earth corrected Marinus' and Ptolemy's errors regarding
2009-533: The island from some angle to this class of ships (a small dispatch vessel, also called a galiot ). The first European explorers to sight the island, the Portuguese, called it Ilha de Ladrones (Island of Thieves). The name "Fungma island" appeared in the "Atlas of China" of M. Martini who arrived in China as a missionary in 1655. Jeju Island has been inhabited by modern humans since the early Neolithic period . There
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2058-749: The length of the Mediterranean Sea , causing medieval Arabic cartography to use a prime meridian around 10° east of Ptolemy's line. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes ' recovery of Ptolemy's text a little before 1300; the text was translated into Latin at Florence by Jacopo d'Angelo around 1407. In 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference , attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt
2107-461: The location has moved, but because the reference system used to measure it has shifted. Because any spatial reference system or map projection is ultimately calculated from latitude and longitude, it is crucial that they clearly state the datum on which they are based. For example, a UTM coordinate based on WGS84 will be different than a UTM coordinate based on NAD27 for the same location. Converting coordinates from one datum to another requires
2156-579: The longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich , England as the zero-reference line. The Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911. The latitude ϕ of a point on Earth's surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through (or close to)
2205-526: The main source of water for the residents, although to date it has not been declared a Ramsar site. Most of Jeju Island has a humid subtropical climate ( Cfa in the Köppen climate classification ). Four distinct seasons are experienced in Jeju: winters are cool with moderate rainfall, while summers are hot and humid with very high rainfall. Jeju City , the northern part of the island, tends to be colder in winter than
2254-460: The melting of the ice sheets of the last ice age , but neighboring Scotland is rising by only 0.2 cm . These changes are insignificant if a local datum is used, but are statistically significant if a global datum is used. On the GRS 80 or WGS 84 spheroid at sea level at the Equator, one latitudinal second measures 30.715 m , one latitudinal minute is 1843 m and one latitudinal degree
2303-400: The peninsula. The Jeju people are indigenous to the island, and it has been populated by modern humans since the early Neolithic period . The Jeju language is considered critically endangered by UNESCO . It is also one of the regions of Korea where Shamanism is most intact. Jeju Island has an oval shape of 73 km (45 mi) east–west and 31 km (19 mi) north–south, with
2352-507: The same location. The invention of a geographic coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene , who composed his now-lost Geography at the Library of Alexandria in the 3rd century BC. A century later, Hipparchus of Nicaea improved on this system by determining latitude from stellar measurements rather than solar altitude and determining longitude by timings of lunar eclipses , rather than dead reckoning . In
2401-467: The southern part due to the influence of continental seasonal winds. Gosan-ri , located on the west side of the island, has the lowest annual average precipitation on the island. However, unlike most parts of mainland Korea, the seasonal precipitation in Gosan-ri is evenly distributed. The Chuja Islands , which belong to Jeju City, are an archipelago located between mainland Korea and Jeju Island and also have
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