In geology and physical geography , a plateau ( / p l ə ˈ t oʊ , p l æ ˈ t oʊ , ˈ p l æ t oʊ / ; French: [plato] ; pl. : plateaus or plateaux ), also called a high plain or a tableland , is an area of a highland consisting of flat terrain that is raised sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side. Often one or more sides have deep hills or escarpments . Plateaus can be formed by a number of processes, including upwelling of volcanic magma , extrusion of lava , and erosion by water and glaciers . Plateaus are classified according to their surrounding environment as intermontane, piedmont, or continental. A few plateaus may have a small flat top while others have wider ones.
31-548: The Cub Hills are a hilly plateau located south-east of the geographical centre of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan . The hills are in the boreal forest ecozone of Canada and the landforms of the hills were shaped more than 10,000 years ago during last ice age . Throughout the Cub Hills, there are dozens of lakes and rivers and several parks. The Cubs Hills are 150 km (93 mi) north-east of Prince Albert and are in
62-542: A river was already there, though not necessarily on exactly the same course. Then, subterranean geological forces caused the land in that part of North America to gradually rise by about a centimeter per year for millions of years. An unusual balance occurred: the river that would become the Colorado River was able to erode into the crust of the Earth at a nearly equal rate to the uplift of the plateau. Now, millions of years later,
93-439: Is a game preserve in the south-eastern area of the Cub Hills. The forests of the Cub Hills are classified as Mid-Boreal Upland and trees found in the forests of the hills include jack pine , aspen, birch, and spruce. There is a wide variety of animals that make the Cub Hills home, including moose , white-tailed deer , elk , black bears , timber wolves , lynx , snowshoe hares , beaver , and muskrats . Bird species include
124-609: Is divided into three main flat regions: the Bogotá savanna , the valleys of Ubaté and Chiquinquirá , and the valleys of Duitama and Sogamoso . The parallel Sierra of Andes delimit one of the world highest plateaux: the Altiplano , (Spanish for "high plain"), Andean Plateau or Bolivian Plateau. It lies in west-central South America, where the Andes are at their widest, is the most extensive area of high plateau on Earth outside of Tibet. The bulk of
155-495: Is one of four campgrounds in Narrow Hills Provincial Park that are RV accessible. The other three are located at Ispuchaw Lake , Baldy Lake , and Zeden Lake . Pine Ridge Resort has cabins, seasonal RV sites, shower and washroom facilities, and a confectionery that offers groceries, tackle, bait, and souvenirs. The sandy Lower Fishing Lake Beach on the lake is accessible by both the resort and campground and there
186-683: Is sometimes called the Roof of Africa due to its height and large area. Another example is the Highveld which is the portion of the South African inland plateau which has an altitude above approximately 1,500 metres, but below 2,100 metres, thus excluding the Lesotho mountain regions. It is home to some of the largest South African urban agglomerations . In Egypt are the Giza Plateau and Galala Mountain , which
217-528: Is the Scottish Highlands . Plateaus are classified according to their surrounding environment. The highest African plateau is the Ethiopian Highlands which cover the central part of Ethiopia. It forms the largest continuous area of its altitude in the continent, with little of its surface falling below 1,500 metres (4,921 ft), while the summits reach heights of up to 4,550 metres (14,928 ft). It
248-558: Is the home of more than 70 million people. The Western Plateau , part of the Australian Shield , is an ancient craton covering much of the continent's southwest, an area of some 700,000 square kilometres. It has an average elevation between 305 and 460 metres. The North Island Volcanic Plateau is an area of high land occupying much of the centre of the North Island of New Zealand, with volcanoes, lava plateaus, and crater lakes,
279-847: The Deccan Plateau (≈1,900,000 km (730,000 sq mi), elevation 300–600 metres (980–1,970 ft)). A large plateau in North America is the Colorado Plateau , which covers about 337,000 km (130,000 sq mi) in Colorado , Arizona , New Mexico , and Utah . In northern Arizona and southern Utah the Colorado Plateau is bisected by the Colorado River and the Grand Canyon . This came to be over 10 million years ago,
310-567: The Deccan Plateau in India and the Meseta Central on the Iberian Peninsula . Plateaus can also be formed by the erosional processes of glaciers on mountain ranges, leaving them sitting between the mountain ranges. Water can also erode mountains and other landforms down into plateaus. Dissected plateaus are highly eroded plateaus cut by rivers and broken by deep narrow valleys. An example
341-611: The Northern Saskatchewan Administration District and Census Division #18 . Several highways criss-cross the plateau to provide access to the various parks and other amenities. The principal highway through the Cub Hills is Highway 106 , also known as the Hanson Lake Road, which begins at Smeaton and travels north into the hills then east to Flin Flon and the border with Manitoba . Other highways through
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#1732852400014372-1072: The Saskatchewan River Delta . The eastern slope of the hills is drained by the Mossy River and its tributaries into the Saskatchewan River Delta. Several rivers flow south out of the hills and into the east-flowing Torch River — a tributary of the Saskatchewan River. Over 25 bodies of water throughout the hills are stocked with fish . The first stockings occurred in 1934 with the stocking of brook trout in McDougal Creek and Lost Echo Creek . In those two rivers, and three others, Nipekamew Creek , White Gull Creek , and Mossy River, brook trout became naturalised and feral. Lakes such as Piprell , Summit , Zeden are also stocked. All seven species of trout in Saskatchewan are found in
403-518: The loon and red-tailed hawk . Plateau Plateaus can be formed by a number of processes, including upwelling of volcanic magma, extrusion of lava, plate tectonics movements, and erosion by water and glaciers. Volcanic plateaus are produced by volcanic activity . The Columbia Plateau in the north-western United States is an example. They may be formed by upwelling of volcanic magma or extrusion of lava. The underlining mechanism in forming plateaus from upwelling starts when magma rises from
434-408: The mantle , causing the ground to swell upward. In this way, large, flat areas of rock are uplifted to form a plateau. For plateaus formed by extrusion, the rock is built up from lava spreading outward from cracks and weak areas in the crust. Tectonic plateaus are formed by tectonic plate movements which cause uplift, and are normally of a considerable size, and a fairly uniform altitude. Examples are
465-552: The " Roof of the World ", which is still being formed by the collisions of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian tectonic plates . The Tibetan Plateau covers approximately 2,500,000 km (970,000 sq mi), at about 5,000 m (16,000 ft) above sea level. The plateau is sufficiently high to reverse the Hadley cell convection cycles and to drive the monsoons of India towards
496-662: The Altiplano lies within Bolivian and Peruvian territory while its southern parts lie in Chile. The Altiplano plateau hosts several cities like Puno, Oruro, El Alto and La Paz the administrative seat of Bolivia. Northeastern Altiplano is more humid than the Southwestern, the latter of which hosts several salares , or salt flats, due to its aridity. At the Bolivia-Peru border lies Lake Titicaca ,
527-630: The Cub Hills, including brown , rainbow , cutthroat , brook, tiger , lake , and splake . Other notable lakes in the hills include Upper and Lower Fishing Lakes , Little Bear Lake , the Gem Lakes , Ispuchaw Lake , Crabtree Lake, Nipekamew Lake , Odell Lake, Lost Echo Lake , Bean Lake, and Stickley Lake. Big Sandy Lake is a large lake that is located at the north-eastern edge of the hills. Narrow Hills Provincial Park , originally established in 1934 as Nipawin Provincial Forest, covers much of
558-698: The North Rim of the Grand Canyon is at an elevation of about 2,450 m (8,040 ft) above sea level , and the South Rim of the Grand Canyon is about 2,150 m (7,050 ft) above sea level. At its deepest, the Colorado River is about 1,830 m (6,000 ft) below the level of the North Rim. Another high-altitude plateau in North America is the Mexican Plateau . With an area of 601,882 km (232,388 sq mi) and average height of 1,825 metres, it
589-543: The east flowing Torch River . Torch River is a tributary of the Saskatchewan River in the Hudson Bay drainage basin . Along the south-eastern shore of Lower Fishing Lake is Pine Ridge Resort and Lower Fishing Lake Campground. The campground has over 80 electrified campsites, picnic grounds, nature trails, a playground, shower and washroom facilities, potable water, and a sani-dump. The campground at Lower Fishing Lake
620-658: The gods" in the native tongue of the Pemon , the Indigenous people who inhabit the Gran Sabana . Tepuis can be considered minute plateaus and tend to be found as isolated entities rather than in connected ranges, which makes them the host of a unique array of endemic plant and animal species. Some of the most outstanding tepuis are Neblina , Autana , Auyan and Mount Roraima . They are typically composed of sheer blocks of Precambrian quartz arenite sandstone that rise abruptly from
651-689: The hills flows north through the tributaries of the Nipekamew River , which flows into Lac la Ronge then the Churchill River via the Rapid River . The waters of the northern slope work their way north into various tributaries of the Sturgeon-Weir River , which meets up with the Saskatchewan River near the Manitoba border after going through Namew Lake , Whitey Narrows, and then Cumberland Lake of
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#1732852400014682-435: The hills include 120 , 912 , 913 , and 920 . The glaciers retreated from the area about 10,000 years ago. And in their wake, they created many of the landforms in and around the Cub Hills, such as the valleys, lakes, and lowlands. Throughout the plateau, evidence left behind by the glaciers includes deposits of eskers and push moraines and tunnel valleys , which were created by subglacial erosion by meltwater . Many of
713-482: The jungle, giving rise to spectacular natural scenery. Auyán-tepui is the source of Angel Falls , the world's tallest waterfall . The Colombian capital city of Bogota sits on an Andean plateau known as the Altiplano Cundiboyacense roughly the size of Switzerland. Averaging a height of 2,600 m (8,500 ft) above sea level, this northern Andean plateau is situated in the country's eastern range and
744-439: The lakes, known as potholes , were created by depressions caused by dead ice when the glaciers were receding. Boreal forest, muskeg , rolling hills, and small lakes and rivers are prominent features of the landscape today. The Cub Hills are entirely within the Hudson Bay drainage basin . Most of the hills are part of the Saskatchewan River watershed, including the northern, eastern, and southern slopes. The western slope of
775-674: The largest lake in South America. [REDACTED] Media related to Plateaus at Wikimedia Commons Lower Fishing Lake Lower Fishing Lake is a lake in the east-central part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan in Narrow Hills Provincial Park . It is situated in the Cub Hills and the boreal forest ecozone of Canada . The lake is accessed from Highway 920 , which connects to Hanson Lake Road and Highway 120 . The Fishing Lakes Fire of 1977 burned much of
806-588: The most notable of which is the country's largest lake, Lake Taupō . The plateau stretches approximately 100 km east to west and 130 km north to south. The majority of the plateau is more than 600 metres above sea level. A tepui ( / ˈ t ɛ p w i / ), or tepuy ( Spanish: [teˈpuj] ), is a table-top mountain or mesa found in the Guiana Highlands of South America, especially in Venezuela and western Guyana . The word tepui means "house of
837-466: The region upstream and around the lake and now the area is now dominated by jack pine , which is a tree species that is well adapted fire burned forests. Lower Fishing Lake is the terminus for Caribou Creek , which is a river that flows south from other lakes in Narrow Hills Provincial Park, such as Summit , Lost Echo , and Upper Fishing in the Cub Hills. At the southern end of the lake, Stewart Creek flows out and heads south where it meets up with
868-849: The south. The Deosai Plains in Pakistan are situated at an average elevation of 4,114 meters (13,497 ft) above sea level. They are considered to be the second highest plateaus in the world. Other major plateaus in Asia are: Najd on the Arabian Peninsula , elevation 762 to 1,525 m (2,500 to 5,003 ft), Armenian Highlands (≈400,000 km (150,000 sq mi), elevation 900–2,100 metres (3,000–6,900 ft)), Iranian Plateau (≈3,700,000 km (1,400,000 sq mi), elevation 300–1,500 metres (980–4,920 ft)), Anatolian Plateau , Mongolian Plateau (≈2,600,000 km (1,000,000 sq mi), elevation 1,000–1,500 metres (3,300–4,900 ft)), and
899-521: The southern portion of the Cub Hills. The park has over 25 lakes, multiple campgrounds, lodges, and a wide network of trails for hiking, snowmobiling , and ATVing . There are four provincial recreation sites in and around the hills, all of which have campgrounds and access to lakes. They include Piprell Lake , Little Bear Lake , Jayjay Lake , and Big Sandy Lake . The Cub Hills Game Preserve ( 54°12′00″N 104°24′01″W / 54.2001°N 104.4004°W / 54.2001; -104.4004 )
930-473: The surrounding coastline through enormous glaciers . The polar ice cap is so massive that the echolocation measurements of ice thickness have shown that large areas are below sea level . But, as the ice melts, the land beneath will rebound through isostasy and ultimately rise above sea level. The largest and highest plateau in the world is the Tibetan Plateau , sometimes metaphorically described as
961-598: Was once called Gallayat Plateaus, rising 3,300 ft above sea level. Another very large plateau is the icy Antarctic Plateau , which is sometimes referred to as the Polar Plateau or King Haakon VII Plateau, home to the geographic South Pole and the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station , which covers most of East Antarctica where there are no known mountains but rather 3,000 m (9,800 ft) high of superficial ice and which spreads very slowly toward