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108-602: From west to east, Colfax Avenue starts at Heritage Road in Golden as U.S. Highway 40 and the I-70 Business Loop , and continues east through Lakewood and enters Denver at Sheridan Boulevard. U.S. Highway 287 joins Colfax just west of I-25 , and follows Colfax east through Denver and Aurora . In downtown Denver, near the Colorado State Capitol , the designation changes from West Colfax Avenue to East Colfax Avenue at

216-642: A Mediterranean style , the theater has not only been a concert venue but also a silent film and vaudeville theater, and later a motion picture theater. Built in 1913 as the Thompson Theatre, the Bluebird Theatre was given its current name by theatre mogul Harry Huffman in 1921. Huffman hosted a successful War Bonds contest during WWII, but the theater faced challenges in the post-war years, eventually screening low-budget and adult films until its closure in 1987. In 1994, Chris Swank and Evan Dechtman purchased

324-471: A brothel . Boarding houses attracted criticism: in "1916, Walter Krumwilde, a Protestant minister, saw the rooming house or boardinghouse system [as] "spreading its web like a spider, stretching out its arms like an octopus to catch the unwary soul." Attempts to reduce boarding house availability had a gendered impact, as boarding houses were typically operated or managed by women "matrons," and closing boarding houses reduced that opportunity for women to make

432-612: A "proper home." As a result, boarding houses became less common in the early 20th century. Another factor that reduced boarding house numbers was that improved mass transit options made it feasible for more city residents to live in the suburbs and work in the city. By the 1930s, boarding houses were becoming less common in most of the United States. In the 1930s and 1940s, "rooming or boarding houses had been taken for granted as respectable places for students, single workers, immigrants, and newlyweds to live when they left home or came to

540-469: A 105-acre (0.42 km) campus in today's 6400 block of the road. This sanitorium treated victims of the White Plague who were too poor to pay or whose cases were too desperate to cure. The Golden Hill Cemetery was established at the western end of the road, divided into mainstream and the hill sections, the hill being the final resting place of victims who could not be cured. The hill section, as well as

648-502: A boarding-house may well cease to be attractive to short-term lodgers, and the residents may remain in unsatisfactory accommodation for long periods. Much old seaside accommodation is so used since cheap flights have reduced demand for their original seasonal holiday use. Apart from the worldwide spread of the concept of the B&;B, there are equivalents of the British boarding houses elsewhere in

756-547: A convenient swale for road travel. Stagecoach driver Bill Turner, who drove the route for the Central Overland California and Pike's Peak Express, told the Colorado Transcript in 1909 how and when this changed: The reason I'm telling you about this is to explain what I know about Sloan's lake. The stage line was from Denver to Golden and Central City. The road was the southern route to Golden and we crossed

864-610: A diner reaching far across a dining table] comes from an important variant of hotel life. In boardinghouses, tenants rent rooms and the proprietor provides family-style breakfasts and evening dinners in a common dining room. Traditionally, the food was put on the table, and everyone scrambled for the best dishes. Those with a long, fast reach ate best." Boarders can often arrange to stay bed-and-breakfast (bed and breakfast only), half-board (bed, breakfast and dinner only), or full-board (bed, breakfast, lunch, and dinner). Especially for families on holiday with children, boarding (particularly on

972-419: A dwelling space for young French seamstresses and nannies. Married women who boarded with their families in boarding houses were accused of being too lazy to do all of the washing, cooking, and cleaning necessary to keep house or to raise children properly. While there is an association between boarding houses and women renters, men also rented, notably the poet-authors Walt Whitman and Edgar Allan Poe . In

1080-526: A frontage road of I-70 on most maps. This frontage road starts just west of the Colfax Avenue and I-70 interchange, and at an interchange (I-70 Exit 292), Colfax Avenue becomes State Highway 36 and continues east from Aurora through Bennett to end at Headlight Road in Strasburg . Colfax Avenue cuts through Original Auraria, the city's historic core, and skirts the southern edge of downtown Denver. Because of

1188-468: A full-board basis) was an inexpensive alternative and much cheaper than staying in all but the cheapest hotels. Boarding houses were common in most US cities throughout the 19th century and until the 1950s. In Boston, in the 1830s, when landlords and their boarders were added up, between one third and one half of the city's entire population lived in a boarding house. Boarding houses ran from large purpose-built buildings down to "genteel ladies," who rented

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1296-400: A household in the city was $ 49,115, and the median income for a family was $ 67,414. Males had a median income of $ 41,822 versus $ 32,413 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 25,257. About 3.5% of families and 11.3% of the population were below the poverty line , including 6.4% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over. Golden is home to numerous museums, including

1404-601: A lighted marquee. These places along Colfax Avenue have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places : Golden, Colorado Golden is a home rule city that is the county seat of Jefferson County , Colorado , United States. The city population was 20,399 at the 2020 United States Census . Golden lies along Clear Creek at the base of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains . Founded during

1512-520: A living from operating such houses. Later, groups such as the Young Women's Christian Association provided heavily-supervised boarding houses for young women. Boarding houses were viewed as "brick-and-mortar chastity belts " for young unmarried women, which protected them from the vices in the city. The Jeanne d'Arc Residence in Chelsea, Manhattan , which was operated by an order of nuns, aimed to provide

1620-894: A part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor . The Colorado School of Mines , offering programs in engineering and science , is located in Golden. It is also home to the National Earthquake Information Center , on the campus of Mines; and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory , a federally-funded science institution. Additionally, Coors Brewing Company , CoorsTek , Spyderco , Software Bisque , American Mountaineering Center , and Colorado Railroad Museum are located in

1728-670: A positive impact on the development of the corridor, and by 1890, the Colfax Avenue Railway Company had extended its line to Montclair. The Panic of 1893 led to an economic depression in Denver, and many large houses along Colfax were converted into multi-family units. The once lavish and expensive homes along East Colfax and in Capitol Hill were no longer easy to maintain, and owners of the single-family mansions were forced to rent out rooms in their homes to temporary workers. As

1836-490: A prominent residential area. By 1887, residents and property owners along Colfax began pushing for better transportation options. A cable railway was built in 1886 to connect Grant and Colfax with downtown Denver. The system was eventually replaced with streetcars, which facilitated more efficient transportation and encouraged development away from the city center. The construction of the State Capitol building in 1886 also had

1944-565: A railroad, prominent Denver residents raced to do the same. In an appeal to the residents of Denver, The Rocky Mountain News , which was based in Denver itself , wrote an article imploring the citizens of Denver to vote to fund a railroad; "If we vote $ 500,000 in bonds to the Denver Pacific railway all is well. If we defeat those bonds, all hope of a railroad for the next two years is gone... Gentlemen of Denver, what will you do? The fate of your city

2052-512: A residential street to a business artery. This change led to a boom in commercial building construction in the 1920s, with various structures being erected along the avenue. While construction declined during the Great Depression and World War II, some commercial buildings and apartments continued to be built. East Colfax and Capitol Hill remained a solid middle-class neighborhood until the next demographic change occurred. After World War II,

2160-430: A result of an act passed on November 5, 1861, by the territorial government. Colorado City , a small town to the south of Denver, became the new temporary territorial capital, but saw only one short event at this location. This status was quickly revoked, however, as on August 4, 1862, the territorial government voted formally to move back to Golden. While the town lost much of its populace and leading citizenry during

2268-443: A room or two as a way of earning a little extra money. Large houses were converted to boarding houses, as wealthy families moved to more fashionable neighborhoods. The boarders in the 19th century ran the gamut as well, from well-off businessmen to poor laborers, and from single people to families. In the 19th century, between a third to half of urban dwellers rented a room to boarders or were boarders themselves. In New York in 1869,

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2376-446: A silent-film theatre in 1917 by John Thompson and Henry Goodridge. It is one of the oldest still-operational theaters in Denver, and was designated a National Historical Place after its reopening in 1993 by current owner Doug Kauffman. The venue has hosted notable figures such as Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Prince , and has also played a role in the success of local bands like The Lumineers . Designed by architect Harry W.J. Edbrooke in

2484-429: A space to sleep but little else. When used for temporary purposes, the arrangement was similar to a hostel . Flophouse beds may offer dormitory-style space for as little as one night at a time. Group homes , residences that provide supervision and assisted living for adults with neurological disabilities or children unable to live with family, share characteristics with boarding houses. A lodging house, also known in

2592-515: A trail blazed during the Colorado Gold Rush , being a well-traveled direct route to the gold fields in the mountains. Historic media and other sources confirm its existence at least as far back as the spring of 1859, and it immediately became a major thoroughfare of goods, people and transportation service to and from the Colorado mountains. Soon it took on its original name, South Golden Road, as

2700-526: A variety of sports including football (dating to 1888), baseball and basketball. Clear Creek is also home to a nationally renowned kayak course, and the city is home to the American Mountaineering Center and features noteworthy rock climbing, mountain biking, hiking, and hang gliding opportunities in close proximity. Golden has to date generated three Major League Baseball players, six Olympic competitors and three Olympic medalists. Golden

2808-448: Is a house (frequently a family home) in which lodgers rent one or more rooms on a nightly basis and sometimes for extended periods of weeks, months, or years. The common parts of the house are maintained, and some services, such as laundry and cleaning, may be supplied. It normally provides " room and board ," with some meals as well as accommodation. Lodgers legally obtain a licence, not exclusive possession, to use their rooms and so

2916-574: Is a historic thoroughfare (built in 1950) which runs east–west through the southern part of the city then curves northward through the western part of Golden, ultimately arriving at the mouth of Clear Creek Canyon. State Highway 93 (SH 93), which traces its roots to the 1860s, continues north through the western part of the city from the canyon and northward towards Boulder . SH 58 , which turns into Golden Freeway , bisects Golden on an east–west route between 6th and 7th Streets, and ultimately joins to go up Clear Creek Canyon. West Colfax Avenue ,

3024-463: Is a home rule municipality of the city form of statutory government in Colorado. Its government is a city council/city manager form of leadership which consists of a popularly elected mayor elected by the entire citizenry, two councilors each representing a district comprising one half of the city, and four councilors each representing a ward of which each district is divided into two. These seven members of

3132-580: Is a specialized form of boarding house in which the guests or boarders normally stay only on a bed-and-breakfast basis, and long-term residence is rare. However, some B&B accommodation is made available on a long-term basis to British local authorities which are legally obliged to house persons and families for whom they have no social housing available. Some such boarding houses allow large groups with low incomes to share overcrowded rooms or otherwise exploit people with problems rendering them vulnerable, such as those with irregular immigration status. Such

3240-541: Is also home to the Foothills Art Center , an art exhibition venue originally housed in a historic church , now calls the historic Astor House home. Miners Alley Playhouse in downtown Golden, is a live theater which has performed there since 2001. The 150-year-old Buffalo Rose Bar and Grill is the longest-surviving Colorado gold rush -era business and remains a popular music venue for touring rock and blues bands. Golden has several annual events, including E-Days of

3348-705: Is home to the American Alpine Club , The Colorado Mountain Club , and Outward Bound. The Henry S. Hall, Jr. American Alpine Club Library and Colorado Mountain Club Collection is the world's largest repository of mountaineering literature and is internationally known. The American Mountaineering Center is also home to the Bradford Washburn American Mountaineering Museum and hosts many programs and events each year. This premier facility and

Colfax Avenue - Misplaced Pages Continue

3456-821: Is in your own hands." The residents of Denver voted for the bonds, spurring construction of the Denver Pacific Railway . By 1869, the railroad race to Cheyenne was becoming less and less of a race, as the Denver Pacific Railway pulled ahead of the struggling Colorado Central Railroad. Realizing they were going to lose the race to Cheyenne, the Colorado Central began expanding west into mountain communities such as Georgetown , Black Hawk , and Central City , all areas founded on and focused in silver mining. Golden, having then sidetracked into servicing various close by mountain communities, continued to fall behind

3564-430: Is laid out upon a historic street grid system running on an approximately northwest–southeast axis, aligned with Clear Creek upon which the heart of the city was established. Most of these are paved streets with a total 66-foot (20 m) right of way, including area for sidewalks which in older areas are often separated by a landscaped strip from the street featuring beautiful and historic trees. The only historic street in

3672-536: Is situated between Lookout Mountain and the two Table Mountains, within a sheltered valley fed by Clear Creek . Clear Creek flows through town from the west, out of its canyon shared by US 6 , and exits the valley it carved between North Table Mountain and South Table Mountain and in which is located the Coors Brewery. At the 2020 United States Census , the city had a total area of 6,225 acres (25.193 km ) including 59 acres (0.240 km ) of water. As of

3780-454: The Civil War for several reasons (ranging from military to economic), Golden City became capital of the federally recognized Colorado Territory on August 2, 1862, continuing as such until 1867. Between 1862 and the early 1870s a fierce railroad competition developed between Denver, ten miles (16 km) to the east, and Golden. By the mid-1860s, Golden held a functionally honorific status as

3888-492: The Colorado School of Mines remains today. Golden was also home to an opera house and seven churches, including Colorado's third ( Methodist ) church, oldest Baptist church, likely oldest Christian ( Disciples of Christ ) church, and first Swedish immigrant ( Lutheran ) church. The town was home to sizable populations of German, Swiss, Swedish, Italian and Chinese immigrants ; five immigrants became mayors of Golden. Until

3996-450: The Pike's Peak Gold Rush on June 16, 1859, the mining camp was originally named Golden City in honor of Thomas L. Golden . Golden City served as the capital of the provisional Territory of Jefferson from 1860 to 1861, and capital of the official Territory of Colorado from 1862 to 1867. In 1867, the territorial capital was moved about 12 miles (19 km) east to Denver City . Golden is now

4104-528: The United States as a rooming house , may or may not offer meals. Single-room occupancy (SRO) buildings rent individual rooms to residents and have a shared bathroom; some may have a shared kitchen space for residents to cook their own meals. Dormitory accommodations for postsecondary students are similar to a boarding houses when they include cafeterias. In the 2010s, microapartments , with one or two rooms rented and access to shared common spaces in

4212-499: The United States women's national soccer team and professional footballer, is from Golden, Colorado and attended Golden High School. Notable individuals who were born in or have lived in Golden include engineer and historian Edward L. Berthoud , brewer Adolph Coors , photographer Gertrude Käsebier , and Gudy Gaskill , the driving force behind the creation of the Colorado Trail . Boarding house A boarding house

4320-490: The Works Progress Administration completely paved and modernized the highway, and built a new western route which took it over the hill and across ranch land to the entrance of Mt. Vernon Canyon, its present route. Around this time Colfax was designated U.S. Highway 40 . From there on, commercial development boomed, including numerous motels , automobile dealerships, restaurants and more. After World War II it

4428-506: The census of 2010, there were 18,867 people, 7,394 households, and 3,985 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,096.3 inhabitants per square mile (809.4 inhabitants/km ). There were 7,748 housing units at an average density of 860.9 per square mile (332.4/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 90.6% White , 1.2% Black or African American , 0.6% Native American , 3.8% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 1.4% from other races , and 2.3% from two or more races. 8.2% of

Colfax Avenue - Misplaced Pages Continue

4536-419: The zoning along East Colfax has been badly planned for 50 years. In the 1950s East Colfax was rezoned B4, and the planners encouraged separation of uses and dependence on the automobile. Property owners along East Colfax found it much more rewarding to tear down an existing historic building and put up a new building in its place, rather than renovating. Planners and building officials encouraged this, for this

4644-575: The " Lowell of the West", a regional center of trade and industry that boasted at various times three flour mills, five smelters, the first railroad into the Colorado mountains, the Coors Brewery , brick works, the only paper mill west of Missouri , clay and coal mines, and more. During the 1870s, it became home to three institutions of higher education, the Colorado University Schools , of which

4752-400: The American Mountaineering Center, making Golden a research and education hub for mountaineering. The Coors Brewery had become the largest single-site brewery in the world, its porcelain subsidiary among the foremost of its kind, and Golden became home to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory . Golden lies just north of I-70 and west of Denver at the foot of the Rocky Mountains . It

4860-457: The Bluebird and renovated it into a live music venue with tiered levels and a bar, aided by federal funding. AEG assumed control of the property in 2006. The Bluebird Theater is known for an intimate atmosphere and contributing to the cultural heritage of Colfax Avenue. Designed by architect Harry W.J. Edbrooke, the two-story building features a light tan brick exterior with red terra cotta accents and

4968-818: The Colorado School of Mines in April (since 1927), the Golden Music Festival at Clear Creek History Park, Independence Day celebration sponsored by the Golden Lions Club (since 1972), the largest event of the year is Buffalo Bill Days in late July (since 1946); the Golden Fine Arts Festival in August (since 1990), and Olde Golden Christmas in November to December (since 1972). The American Mountaineering Center

5076-619: The Denver metropolitan area and Boulder. The West Corridor (W line) of the FasTracks light rail line, which parallels 6th Avenue into Golden to its terminal at the Jefferson County Government Center, opened to the public on April 26, 2013. This is a modern version of the historic trolley line that Golden interests spearheaded in the 1890s. At the same time the W Line opened, a Community Call-n-Ride bus launched in Golden, offering flexible service along with regular stops within

5184-755: The Golden History Museum & Park, Rocky Mountain Quilt Museum, Colorado Railroad Museum , Colorado School of Mines Geology Museum, and the Bradford Washburn American Mountaineering Museum . There is also the Mother Cabrini Shrine . Golden is home to the Jefferson Symphony Orchestra, which performs seasonally at Bunker Auditorium in the Green Center at the Colorado School of Mines , and has performed continuously since 1953. The city

5292-469: The Golden area, with 900 employees working full-time in the brewery. Golden's competitive athletics go back for over 150 years and feature public school and collegiate teams and athletes. Golden High School competes in various sports in 5A competition in Colorado, and its football program dates as far back as the 1890s. The Colorado School of Mines competes primarily in NCAA Division II athletics in

5400-519: The Horizon Plan, which transformed the School of Mines. The decline in the price of petroleum and near-simultaneous failure of several downtown anchors placed the central business district into recession in the 1980s. The 1990s saw the revitalization of the downtown through various initiatives, including its second streetscaping project in 1992. In 1993, the old Golden High School building was converted into

5508-447: The JCRS campus, are now listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Around 1914 West Colfax was paved with concrete and designated a state highway, and it continued evolving into a major commercial thoroughfare of the region. During Prohibition it began showing signs of more colorful notoriety when scofflaw roadhouses such as Twilight Gardens operated along the thoroughfare. In 1937

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5616-541: The Justices' decision in Bruce v. House whereby the court struck down a special law passed by the legislature directing the court to meet at Denver on the basis that the superseding Organic Act creating Colorado Territory directed the court to meet at the legal capital. From late 1866 through 1867 the legislative and executive branches did return to Golden in part due to the falling out of newcomer Alexander Cummings with Denver, and

5724-478: The Platte river where Larimer street crosses it now, and the road went on out over the hill and into that wide sag, or swale, where Sloan's lake is now. The road was good right down through the middle of what would now be the bed of the lake. In June, 1861, when I went down into Kansas territory to keep a stage station, there wasn't any lake there. When I came back in the early part of 1863, less than two years later, there

5832-528: The Silver Crash of 1893 and the Great Depression . The School of Mines gained a worldwide academic reputation, Coors rapidly came to the forefront of the national and international brewing and ceramics industries, and the city modernized with a recreation center, paved streets and more. After World War II , Golden boomed, rapidly gaining population, size and economy. In 1959, the town nearly tripled in geographic size overnight when it annexed large properties to

5940-628: The Territorial Library resided in Golden from 1867-1868. However, the citizens and supporters of Golden realized that a spur from Golden to the new transcontinental railroad, running through Cheyenne , Wyoming , 100 miles (160 km) to the north, was ultimately the only possibility for Golden to reemerge as the dominant heart of commerce in the territory. W.A.H. Loveland founded the Colorado Central Railroad on February 9, 1865, to do just this. With Golden beginning talk of creating

6048-544: The UllrGrass beer festival every January, Goldenfest every September, and the Knock Your Boots Off Beer Tasting and Chili Cook-off every October. Golden is home to the headquarters and brewery of Coors Beer. Golden was where the beer company had its start, and it has kept its headquarters in the city ever since its founding in 1873. The brewery offers tours to the public. It is one of the leading employers in

6156-444: The actual quote have failed. However, such activities are actually isolated to short stretches of the 26-mile (42 km) length of the street. Periodically, Colfax undergoes redevelopment by the municipalities along its course that bring in new housing, businesses and restaurants. Some say that these new developments detract from the character of Colfax, while others worry that they cause gentrification and bring increased traffic to

6264-463: The architectural demise of East Colfax. Phil Goodstein, a Denver historian, analyzes the effect of the FAR in his book, The Ghosts of Denver: Capitol Hill . "Now the businesses were set back from the sidewalk with a parking lot between the store and the street. Every block, it seemed, became a parking lot while customers found it necessary to drive from one store to the next. Pedestrians had to dodge cars in

6372-477: The area. Colfax's precursor, Grand Avenue, was established in along what was the southern boundary of central Denver. It was established as an east-west running baseline street along with the north-south running Broadway, to border new eastern and southern districts for the city. In 1868, Grand was renamed "Colfax" to honor U.S. House Speaker Schuyler Colfax who later became Ulysses Grant's Vice President. Colfax had visited Denver in 1865, and locals may have named

6480-486: The base of the mountains, the Magic Mountain theme park was built, among the first of its kind in the world. The theme park, like many of its era, collapsed, but was resurrected in the 1970s as Heritage Square . After the construction of nearby West 6th Avenue ( U.S. Highway 6 ) and Interstate 70 , West Colfax Avenue through Denver's West Colfax Neighborhood , Northeast Lakewood, and Edgewater slowly declined and gained

6588-495: The building, are very similar to boarding houses. WeWork , a company mostly known for its shared coworking rental spaces, is also offering shared housing arrangements in which renters get a private bedroom but share a kitchen, living room, and other common areas. Bed and breakfast accommodation (B&B), which exists in many countries in the world (such as the United Kingdom , the United States , Canada , and Australia ),

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6696-436: The car-friendly codes and provide for automobile use. As the feasibility study, East Colfax Avenue: An Opportunity and a Model for Development Action , claims about the streetscape of East Colfax, "[East Colfax is designed to] encourage development of smaller parcels that lack frontage definition, have unevenly deep setback patterns and leave a large quantity of undeveloped space." This FAR almost single-handedly contributed to

6804-403: The city council are each popularly elected from their ward/district/at large and they serve as the governing body of the city. The council hires and supervises the city manager, who hires and supervises the city staff, which handles the daily operations of the city. Golden was among the first municipally governed cities in Colorado and has one of the oldest continuously functioning governments in

6912-456: The city itself. The new bus system was designed to complement the light rail, extending the transit service into the whole community, including the downtown corridor. Although passengers are no longer served by heavy rail, Golden continues to be served by railroad transportation for cargo, as it has been continuously since 1870. These lines are owned by the BNSF railroad and serve business interests in

7020-538: The city. It is the birthplace of the Jolly Rancher , a candy bought out by the Hershey Foods Corporation , and home to Yeti Cycles . Western showman William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody is buried nearby on Lookout Mountain . Established during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush , Golden City quickly became a leading economic and political center of the region. Its geographic location made it a center of trade between

7128-456: The city." However, with the housing boom in the 1950s, middle-class newcomers could increasingly afford their own homes or apartments, which meant that rooming and boarding houses were beginning to be used more often by postsecondary "students, the working poor, or the unemployed." By the 1960s, rooming and boarding houses were deteriorating, as official city policies tended to ignore them. The common lodging-house or flophouse usually offered

7236-476: The cost of living in a boarding house ranged from $ 2.50 to $ 40 a week. Some boarding houses attracted people with particular occupations or preferences, such as vegetarian meals. The boarding house reinforced some social changes: it made it feasible for people to move to a large city and away from their families. The distance from relatives brought social anxieties and complaints that the residents of boarding houses were not respectable. Boarding out gave people

7344-542: The decades after the 1880s, urban reformers began working on modernizing cities; their efforts to create "uniformity within areas, less mixture of social classes, maximum privacy for each family, much lower density for many activities, buildings set back from the street, and a permanently built order" all meant that housing for single people had to be cut back or eliminated. By the early 1930s, urban reformers were typically using codes and zoning to enforce "uniform and protected single-use residential district[s] of private houses,"

7452-607: The dense, mixed-use character of the development along Colfax Avenue, the Regional Transportation District bus route 15 - East Colfax has the highest ridership in the RTD system. In 2006, the first Colorado Colfax Marathon was held, traversing the length of Colfax Avenue through the three cities. It's become legend that Playboy magazine once called Colfax "the longest, wickedest street in America", but attempts to source

7560-400: The early 20th century, Golden maintained a small-town population of around 2,500 people. Several industries faded or were destroyed by tragic events, but others flourished to continue Golden's industrial legacy, including its brewing, brick making, clay mining and porcelain industries. Golden became even more connected through mass transit , with two trolley lines extending to Denver , while

7668-461: The east which date to the Gold Rush times, including West 44th Avenue, West 32nd Avenue and South Golden Road. Since its beginning, Golden has been at a crossroads of major Colorado thoroughfares. Today Interstate 70 (I-70) runs through the southern part of the city, which connects to the northern terminus of SH 470 which runs to the south. U.S. Highway 6 (US 6), which turns into 6th Avenue,

7776-540: The economy recovered, apartment buildings were constructed, raising concerns among residents about the impact on property values and neighborhood quality. Three buildings still in existence from this early period are The Colonnade, Alta Court (formerly the Altamaha Apartment Building), and the Hamilton. The cultural and demographic shift, from single-family mansions toward boarding houses and rental property for

7884-559: The foothills to the west, one middle school (Bell Middle School), and Colorado's oldest senior high school ( Golden High School .) In higher education, Golden features the oldest public university in the state, the Colorado School of Mines , which can be found a few blocks south of downtown Golden, situated on a hill overlooking the city. Nearby is the Mountain Language Institute, an English language school providing classes both in Golden and online. The main part of Golden

7992-413: The gold fields to the west and settlements to the east. Golden City was established on June 16, 1859, along Clear Creek west of Denver. The city is named after Thomas L. Golden . Other important businessmen and prospectors like William A.H. Loveland and George West were among the first people to settle in Golden. By the end of 1860, Golden City had been popularly elected the seat of Jefferson County and

8100-403: The grid not named as a "street" is the main thoroughfare, Washington Avenue, an 80-foot (24 m) right of way featuring a downtown care streetscape with trees, planters, brick, flagstone and ornamental street lights. Golden's streets are generally numbered on the east–west streets, and named on the north–south streets, and are named after pioneers, American Indian tribes and trees. The streets of

8208-399: The historic US 40 , runs on an approximately northeast–southwest route through the southern end of the city and turns westward up Mt. Vernon Canyon and parallels I-70. Golden is part of the network of the Regional Transportation District which provides bus and light rail service throughout the Denver metropolitan area. Its bus routes 16, 16L, and GS connect Golden with other points of

8316-429: The history of East Colfax Avenue was the completion of Interstate 70 . No longer did incoming tourists drive down the thoroughfare on their way into downtown. The tourist dollar was effectively wiped out as a revenue source for East Colfax after this decade. So began another downward spiral. With no tourists to spend money along East Colfax the businesses suffered, as did the demand to go to Capitol Hill. A factor in

8424-607: The increase in urban poor along Colfax has been linked to Denver Urban Renewal Authority's plans for urban renewal in Downtown Denver. In the now-discredited belief that tearing down historic buildings and replacing them with modern architecture and high-rises would benefit cities, DURA bulldozed the bulk of Larimer Street in downtown. The urban poor that had been housed in Larimer Street's single room occupancy buildings were now displaced to Colfax. West Colfax Avenue began as

8532-490: The intersection with Broadway. It continues as East Colfax Avenue for the remainder of the route. In the eastern outskirts of Aurora, Colfax Avenue meets I-70 and the two U.S. highways follow the I-70 route eastward; signage at Picadilly Road and the frontage road is labeled Colfax Avenue. While appearing to be interrupted at the I-70 and Colfax Avenue interchange, Colfax Avenue has signage in the complex E-470 interchange, appearing as

8640-513: The landlord retains the right of access. Formerly boarders would typically share washing, breakfast , and dining facilities; in recent years, it has become common for each room to have its own washing and toilet facilities. Such boarding houses were often found in English seaside towns (for tourists ) and college towns (for students). It was common for there to be one or two elderly long-term residents. "The phrase "boardinghouse reach" [referring to

8748-415: The largest commercial development yet built on Colfax. In the late 1990s the entirety of Colfax Avenue was designated a Colorado Heritage Corridor by the state government. Colfax is a hub for live music and culture in Denver. A number of theaters actively operate on the street. The Ogden Theatre is a concert venue that has been a significant part of the city's entertainment history since its founding as

8856-516: The lower country, the road I used to travel was changed. The lake had covered up the old right of way. The road for many years traveled over open prairie with various farms along the way. With the arrival of a tramway line running along West 13th Avenue, landowner William A. H. Loveland and others laid out the new city of Lakewood between Golden and Denver. The road, which soon became known as Colfax, became Lakewood's main thoroughfare. Schuyler Colfax himself had actually once traveled this portion of

8964-446: The mentality of many urban dwellers shifted. Mortgage lenders preferred new construction and there was a massive " white flight " to the suburbs. Families and the established middle class left Capitol Hill in a mass diaspora , selling off the family home to a developer interested in putting up a high-rise in its place or leaving the home abandoned. The demographics of people left behind were an underclass of transients and renters. Also,

9072-453: The mid-1920s. Various groups sought to make East Colfax the best road in the state, transforming it into the gateway to Denver for tourists visiting by automobile from the East. It remained the gateway to Denver until i-70 was built in the 1950's. Denver's 1925 zoning code designated most of East Colfax as commercial or business, and the city's 1929 Master Plan acknowledged its transformation from

9180-447: The middle of the block... In light of this unpleasant walking atmosphere and Denver's increasing addiction to the automobile, the number of people on the street declined. With this, the neighborhood became less safe." It was a steady downward spiral with many factors leading to what East Colfax is today, including the lack of interest in historic buildings and the myopic visions of the 1950s planners. Another monumental watershed moment in

9288-460: The movie theater gradually took the place of the opera house for downtown entertainment. Downtown revitalization efforts began in the 1920s with its first streetscape and ornamental lighting project and urban renewal on its north and east, anchored by new senior high and grade schools. The historic cultural tension between the city's north and south sides gradually eased, and the town successfully endured additional major economic depressions, including

9396-466: The northeastern end of the city. Within the Coors Brewery grounds it becomes the brewery's own in-house railroad. The closest airport to Golden is nearby Rocky Mountain Metropolitan Airport , a general aviation air transport facility located in northeastern Jefferson County. Passenger traffic generally uses Denver International Airport in northeastern Denver . Lindsey Horan , captain of

9504-450: The opportunity to meet other residents and so they promoted some social mixing. That had advantages, such as learning new ideas and new people's stories, and also disadvantages, such as occasionally meeting disreputable or dangerous people. Most boarders were men, but women found that they had limited options: a co-ed boarding house might mean meeting objectionable men, but an all-female boarding house might be or at least be suspected of being

9612-531: The pace set by the Denver railroad, and by 1870, officially lost the race to Cheyenne. However, The Colorado Central Railroad connected directly with Cheyenne seven years later, in 1877, but by that point, the race with Denver had been lost. Although Golden's Colorado Central Railroad offered a challenge to Denver's railroad, the better funded Denver Pacific Railway was able to connect to Cheyenne far more quickly than Golden, securing for Denver its long-term status as both capital and prominent city. Golden City became

9720-427: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 7,394 households, out of which 23.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.4% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 46.1% were non-families. 31.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.2% had someone living alone who

9828-468: The reformers' preferred housing type. In 1936, the FHA Property Standards defined a dwelling as "any structure used principally for residential purposes" and noted that "commercial rooming houses and tourist homes, sanitariums, tourist cabins, clubs, or fraternities would not be considered dwellings" as they did not have the "private kitchen and a private bath" that reformers viewed as essential in

9936-528: The road named after him, when he was traveling by stagecoach with presidential candidate Ulysses S. Grant during a campaign getaway in 1868. In the meantime of the late 19th Century, the eastern end of West Colfax became home to numerous Jewish people of the Denver area. In 1898, Dr. Charles David Spivak , a noted Russian immigrant, physician and genealogist, established the Jewish Consumptives Relief Society to treat tuberculosis victims on

10044-495: The seedy crime reputation and reality of its eastern counterpart. Since the 1970s, West Colfax Avenue through west Denver, Northeast Lakewood, Edgewater has had a high reputation and population of Mexican Americans as well as other Latino immigrants. During the 1990s, Lakewood began what has become a series of urban renewal and beautification efforts along the thoroughfare, from streetscaping to encouraging new proliferation of neon lighting to capitalize on its colorful past. Westland

10152-478: The south, including the new Magic Mountain theme park, one of the earliest entertainment attractions of its kind. A number of new subdivisions were built and public infrastructure was modernized, including new buildings for the senior high school, city hall, recreation center, library, museum and central fire and police stations. Also built were new downtown anchors, including department stores and grocery stores , several new church buildings, new county offices, and

10260-404: The southeasterly part of town are aligned with the Denver metropolitan street grid, which are aligned directly with the true directions of the compass, and they share the names of the Denver grid. Outlying subdivisions of Golden consist of their own, often curvilinear street systems, with varying degrees of connection to the rest of the city. Golden has several main thoroughfare street connections to

10368-423: The southern road from Denver to Golden . Originally West Colfax was configured with two major differences than how it exists today. It did not proceed past today's intersection with Wide Acres Road, as originally Wide Acres and today's South Golden (or Old Golden) roads were the continuation of the thoroughfare into Golden. Also, the road's original route took it through the bed of present-day Sloan's Lake , then

10476-584: The state. To date Golden has held 99 popular elections for municipal officials since its first such election in 1860, including 92 regular elections and 7 special elections in 1860, 1879, 1882, 2005, 2006, 2008, and 2020. Golden, originally home to the second school in Colorado, is today part of the Jefferson County R-1 School District, which provides public education throughout Jefferson County, Colorado. The city has four elementary schools (Mitchell, Kyffin, Shelton, and Ralston Elementary) in

10584-442: The street after him to gain national support from the prominent Indiana congressman for Colorado's ongoing statehood initiative. Denver's population rapidly increased with the arrival of railroads, growing from 4,759 in 1870 to 106,713 in 1890. The area along Colfax developed unevenly: by the end of 1879, the area east of Broadway and north of Colfax was still mostly open prairie, but the area between Grant and Ogden Streets had become

10692-451: The territorial capital, rather than serving as the primary source of territorial power. Denver, the increasingly larger and more-developed city, was the focused core of important territorial occasions, with the Governor residing in Denver, and territorial legislative meetings occurring there as well. The Territorial Supreme Court, however, met in Golden throughout its tenure as the capital due to

10800-476: The town's location near plenty of world class rock climbing, skiing and mountaineering make Golden a center for mountaineering culture. The city's thriving beer culture supports several microbreweries, including Golden City Brewery, Mountain Toad Brewing, Cannonball Creek Brewing Company, Barrels & Bottles Brewery, Holidaily Brewing Company, Over Yonder Brewing and Ohm Brewing. Beer festivals in Golden include

10908-405: The transient middle class, marked a shift in the demographics of East Colfax. The development of East Colfax was significantly influenced by the automobile, with the number of cars increasing exponentially from the mid-1910s to the 1920s. Increasing traffic led to the corridor becoming more commercial and the street was paved sometime prior to 1920. It part of the transcontinental U.S. Route 40 in

11016-613: The world. For example, in Japan , minshuku are an almost exact equivalent although the normal arrangement would be the equivalent of the English half-board. In Hawaii , where the cost of living is high and incomes barely keep pace, it is common to take in lodgers (who are boarders in English terminology) that share the burden of the overall rent or mortgage payable. In the Indian subcontinent , boarders are also known as " Paying guests ." They stay in

11124-414: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.8. In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 20, 13% from 20 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 25% from 45 to 64, and 10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.9 years. The population was 56.6% male and 43.4% female. As of the census of 2000, the median income for

11232-479: Was a classic neon-lined highway for natives and travelers of its era; among its landmarks was Davies Chuck Wagon Diner, brought there in 1957 by restaurateur rancher Lyman Davies. The diner is also listed on the National Register of Historic Places . In 1956, two shopping malls , Westland and the JCRS Center, were built along Colfax, introducing major department stores and groceries to the area. At its far west end, at

11340-415: Was a time when old was considered ugly and new buildings meant progress. In addition the zoning code from the 1950s, a 2:1 floor-area ratio (FAR) was adopted for East Colfax. These ratios determine the square footage of the building in relation to the lot size. Builders in the 1950s who tore down historic buildings along East Colfax for the purpose of developing a brand-new property were required to abide by

11448-466: Was capital of the provisional Jefferson Territory . As drafted in the territorial constitution, the capital of the Jefferson Territory was initially proposed to be Golden, then with a population of 700, as a result of its proximity to mountain mining towns, and greater ability to hold a congressional quorum than had Denver. Golden City was temporarily removed from the status of territory capital as

11556-515: Was rebuilt, and the JCRS Center also modified, but not so far as to eliminate the highly popular Casa Bonita restaurant which joined it in 1974. On the west end, the Stevinson family, who had originally built automobile dealerships there in the 1960s, built the new Denver West Village shopping center in 1997. In 2002 the Colorado Mills shopping center was built and opened across Colfax from there,

11664-425: Was the lake just as it is now, and it never has changed a bit that ever I could see. There was some talk years afterward about a man having dug a well there and it overflowed, forming the lake, but I was along there about as much as anybody and I never saw any well. However, it may have started from a well. All I know is that it came there in a good deal less than two year, to my certain knowledge. When I came back from

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