72-499: The Coega Special Economic Zone (SEZ), established in 1999 and 9 003 ha in extent, is situated near Gqeberha (Port Elizabeth) in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa . The initiative is a multibillion-dollar industrial development complex customised for heavy, medium and light industries, and adjacent to a deep-water port, the Port of Ngqura . The Coega Development Corporation (CDC)
144-641: A free port in 1832. In 1833, about 50 vessels had moved through the port. In 1828, 55,201 pounds, (25038 kg), of goods were imported through the port, increasing by 1832 to 112,845 pounds, (51185 kg), imported in that year. Gqeberha exported 41,290 lbs, (18738 kg), in 1828, with a large increase to 86,931 lbs, (39431 kg), goods exported in 1829. Exports included wine , brandy , vinegar , ivory , hides and skins , leather , tallow , butter , soap , wool , ostrich feathers , salted beef , wheat , candles , aloe , barley , and more. Home of South Africa's motor vehicle industry,
216-627: A collection of Cape Dutch style architecture as well as the Victorian and Edwardian styles, resulting from the arrival of the 1820 British settlers. Although influenced by Dutch architecture, the Cape Dutch style is unique to South Africa and examples can be seen all over the Eastern and Western Cape. The city has a long marine coastline on its outskirts, particularly southwards. Beaches like Kings Beach, Hobie Beach, Bluewater Bay , Sardinia Bay (just outside
288-518: A construction boom led by the Baywest Mall and Coega Development Corporation (CDC). Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality The Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality ( Xhosa : uMasipala oMbaxa iNelson Mandela Bay ; Afrikaans : Nelson Mandelabaai Metropolitaanse Munisipaliteit ) is one of eight metropolitan municipalities in South Africa . It is located on the shores of Algoa Bay in
360-399: A deadline of 31 March, stating that the boycott would resume if the initial demands were not met. On 11 March the government unexpectedly banned two leaders, one of whom was Mkuseli Jack . However, on 22 March the ban was lifted by the decision of a Supreme Court Justice on the grounds that the government had given insufficient reasons. Jack ripped up the ban papers, and used the celebration as
432-510: A devastating drought since 2015 , and a disaster was declared in the region in October 2019. On 14 June 2022, a virtual special council meeting of Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Council approved an emergency intervention plan by the National Department of Water and Sanitation . The plan includes: drilling more boreholes, pumping water from the east of the metropolitan area to the west of
504-683: A high-school teacher. In 1952 the African National Congress and the South African Indian Congress (SAIC) called all South Africans to stand up against the apartheid government's unjust laws directed at the black African, Indian and coloured population. On 6 April, while most white South Africans celebrated the tercentenary of Jan van Riebeeck 's arrival at the Cape in 1652, the ANC and SAIC called on black South Africans to observe
576-455: A major seaport , with the most significant car loading facilities in the southern hemisphere. As part of the ongoing development, a new Industrial Development Zone with expanded port facilities has been built at Coega . Located at the end of the picturesque Garden Route along the Cape coast, the city has beaches in and near it. The most popular swimming beaches include King's Beach and Hobie Beach. Many local historic attractions are linked by
648-458: A means of transporting equipment and manufactured products in and out of the country. Between Coega SEZ and Ngqura Port is a 12-hectare laydown area designed to be a temporary storage site for abnormal cargo. The project which cost R9 million, was started in 2014 and started operating in April 2015. At the beginning of 2017, Coega had attracted 54 new investors with over R30 billion investment since it
720-473: A population estimated at around 1.3 million in 2006. Overtaking its next door neighbouring city East London , it became a host city for the 2010 FIFA World Cup . The Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium hosted eight World Cup games: South Korea vs Greece , Ivory Coast vs Portugal , Germany vs Serbia ; Chile vs Switzerland , and Slovenia vs England in the Group Stage, then Uruguay , South Korea in
792-458: A reasonable amount precipitation is observed, especially at low level crossings. North End Lake in North End is the largest natural freshwater body in the city, but has experienced a form of contamination from industry. (It is not recommended to ingest anything from this lake) Also, numerous smaller "lakes" are in the surrounding area, namely Lake Farm. The Eastern Cape has been experiencing
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#1732851439210864-756: A source of water within a 200 m radius. 91% of households have access to a basic level of sanitation. 100% of households within the urban boundary have access to a basic level of solid waste removal, and 97% of households in formally demarcated municipal residential areas have access to a basic level of electricity. The municipality has 41 permanent and satellite clinics, 13 mobile clinics, eight hospitals, 22 libraries, 31 community and municipal halls, 79 sports facilities, 19 beaches, 18 pools, 273 schools, one university (the Nelson Mandela University ), four technical colleges and two Further Education and Training institutions. The censuses of 2001 and 2011 divided
936-685: A turbulent history between the settlement by the Dutch East India Company in 1652 and the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. In 1799, at the time of the first British occupation of the Colony during the Napoleonic Wars , British troops built a stone fort named Fort Frederick after the Duke of York . This fort, aiming to deter a possible landing of French troops, was constructed to oversee
1008-468: A way to represent the solidarity that the campaign required. As the demands of the boycotters were not met by 31 March, the boycott was renewed on 1 April. The boycott continued for nine weeks, but on 12 June 1986 another state of emergency was imposed by the National Party government. Security forces searched through the townships, arresting thousands and raiding the offices of black civics, trade unions,
1080-609: Is Later Stone Age archaeological material preserved in caves and rock shelters, such as Melkhoutboom Cave , in the Cape Fold Mountain Belt surrounding Gqeberha (see Deacon and Deacon, 1963; Deacon, 1976; Binneman, 1997) and large numbers of coastal shell middens have been reported at Humewood, St Georges Strand and the Coega River Mouth (Rudner, 1968). Most recently, Binneman and Webley (1997) reported thirteen shell middens and stone tool scatters about 500 m east of
1152-415: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to water transport is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Gqeberha Gqeberha ( English: / k ɛ ˈ b ɛər x ə / keb- AIR -khə , Xhosa: [ᶢǃʱɛ̀ɓéːxà] ), formerly known as Port Elizabeth and colloquially referred to as P.E. , is a major seaport and the most populous city in
1224-512: Is a confluence point five of the seven South African biomes, namely the Thicket, Grassland, Nama-Karoo, Fynbos and Forest Biomes. A number of municipal nature reserves have been included in, and can be visited along the "Outward Bound Route" of the city. A mosaic of these 5 Biomes could be experienced in these reserves. The outward bound route is an eco-outdoor adventure and sports route incorporating walking and wildlife experiences. The aim of this route
1296-532: Is a gateway city for the Eastern Cape's adventure, outdoor and African big five game safari tourism. Gqeberha, the city's official name since 23 February 2021, is a Xhosa word for the Baakens river , which flows through the city. In 1820, the rising seaport of Algoa Bay was named "Port Elizabeth" in memory of Elizabeth Frances ( née Markham ), the wife of Sir Rufane Shaw Donkin , acting Governor of
1368-692: Is east of the Garden Route and faces the Indian Ocean . It covers 251 square kilometers of the Nelson Mandela Bay metropolitan area, and is administered by South Africa's sixth-largest metropolitan municipality. The city's warm oceanic climate ranks it among the top cities in the world for pleasant year-round weather. The city is known for many blue-flag beaches along the city's urban coastline; its popularity as an international and local holiday destination; and its rich and diverse cultural heritage. It
1440-715: Is the developer and operator of the Coega SEZ and is responsible for the land side infrastructure, while the Transnet National Ports Authority (TNPA) develops the deep-water port facility, the Port of Ngqura. The Coega SEZ is a phased development around industry clusters with Custom Control Areas dedicated for export-oriented manufacturing for companies located in the zone. Coega offers a platform for global exports by attracting foreign and local investment in manufacturing industries. A strategic development framework plan for
1512-419: Is to spread tourism to similar attractions along the route, leading to increased foot traffic and related benefits to these sites. As a British colonial town, it had a strongly British character, and the central area retains that to this day. The colonial City Hall is a national monument. The main public library is an excellent example of Victorian Gothic architecture . Various memorials are situated throughout
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#17328514392101584-612: The Cape Colony . The settlement is also known by Xhosa speakers as iBhayi or eBhayi , a Xhosa adaptation of the Afrikaans name die Baai , meaning "the Bay", which was also translated and adopted by English-speaking colonists. Cave sites in the area, such as Albany, Wilton and Howieson's Poort , have given their names to various archaeological cultures. The Howieson's Poort site has been of particular interest to interpretations about
1656-650: The Donkin Heritage Trail . These include the Campanile (bell tower), built in 1923 to commemorate the arrival of the 1820 Settlers and offering a viewpoint over the city; the city hall (1862); the Donkin Reserve park and monument; and the old stone Fort Frederick itself (1799). The CBD also boasts the towering Eastern Cape post office headquarters. Route 67 is a walking trail consisting of 67 public artworks, symbolising 67 years which Nelson Mandela dedicated to
1728-562: The Eastern Cape province and comprises the city of Gqeberha , the nearby towns of Uitenhage and Despatch , and the surrounding rural area. The name "Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality" was chosen to honour former President Nelson Mandela . Bricks used in the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality around 1903-04 may have been made from parts of the holotype of the sauropod dinosaur Algoasaurus bauri . Established on 5 December 2000,
1800-547: The Eastern Cape province of South Africa . It is the seat of the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality , South Africa's second-smallest metropolitan municipality by area. It is the sixth-most populous city in South Africa and is the cultural, economic and financial hub of the Eastern Cape. Gqeberha was founded in 1820 as Port Elizabeth by Sir Rufane Donkin , who was the governor of
1872-792: The King George VI Art Gallery ), the museum and oceanography room at Humewood, and the new Boardwalk waterfront complex. The wider area surrounding PE also features game viewing opportunities, including the Addo Elephant National Park , 72 kilometres (45 mi) to the north near the Zuurberg mountain range. It is also a destination for whale watching with humpback whales sighted between June and August, and again between November and January, southern right whales sighted between July and November, and Bryde's whales sighted all year round. Nelson Mandela Bay has experienced
1944-691: The UDF , the South African Council, and churches and also confiscating documents. With the establishment of the Coega Industrial Development Zone (CIDZ), foreign direct and also national-level investment has improved in the greater region of Nelson Mandela Bay. The IDZ, under the stewardship of the Coega Development Corporation (CDC), since inception has managed to attract to investment account in excess of R140-billion into
2016-569: The Xhosa people . The first Europeans to visit the area sailed with the Portuguese explorers Bartholomeu Dias , who landed on St Croix Island in Algoa Bay in 1488, and Vasco da Gama , who noted the nearby Bird Island in 1497. For centuries, the area appeared on European navigation charts marked simply as "a landing place with fresh water". The area later became part of the Cape Colony . This area had
2088-464: The local government election of 1 November 2021 , no party obtained a majority on the council again. The African National Congress managed to form a minority coalition government to govern the municipality. Former councillor and businesswoman Eugene Johnson of the ANC was elected mayor on 22 November 2021, in a coalition consisting of the parties: GOOD, AIM, UDM, DOP, Northern Alliance, Patriotic Alliance and
2160-428: The 2007 census, 60.4% of respondents described themselves as Black African , 22.6% Coloured , 16.1% White and 0.9% Indian / Asian . The largest religious groupings are Christian (89.4% of residents), no religion (6.1%), Muslim (1.5%), Jewish (0.4%) and Hindu (0.3%). 57.3% of the residents speak Xhosa as their mother tongue . Afrikaans is the mother tongue of 29.7%, and English, 12.1%. According to
2232-483: The 2009 edition of the municipality's 2006–2011 Integrated Development Plan, manufacturing is the single largest contributor to the local economy (33%), followed by community services (27%). Tourism represents a key sector of the economy that has increasingly contributed to job creation in recent years, thanks in large part to the municipality's seaside location and its abundance of unspoiled beaches, of which four carry Blue Flag status . 100% of households have access to
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2304-522: The Acting Governor of the Cape Colony (in office from 1820 to 1821). Diplomat Edmund Roberts visited Gqeberha in the early 1830s. Roberts noted that Gqeberha in the 1820s had "contained four houses, and now it has upward of one hundred houses, and its residents are rated at above twelve hundred persons". The British garrison of Gqeberha saw the arrival of a further 500 settlers in 1825, one of whom
2376-604: The Cape at the time. He named it after his wife, Elizabeth, who had died in India. The Donkin Memorial in the CBD of the city bears testament to this. It was established by the government of the Cape Colony when 4,000 British colonists settled in Algoa Bay to strengthen the border region between the Cape Colony and the Xhosa . It is nicknamed "The Friendly City" or "The Windy City". In 2019,
2448-632: The Coega River mouth in the archaeological assessment carried out for the development of maritime infrastructure for the Port of Ngqura . Importantly, some of this archaeological material was recorded in secondary context in the gravels from older river terraces along the banks of the Coega River. Hunters and gatherers ancestral to the San first settled the area around what is now called Algoa Bay at least 10,000 years ago. Around 2,000 years ago, they were gradually assimilated by agriculturalist populations ancestral to
2520-416: The Coega SEZ has been developed, focusing on infrastructure development and facilities for the core development area, which comprises 65 km. The Coega SEZ is demarcated into 14 zones and is specifically designed along the cluster model linking related industries from the commercial cluster, logistics cluster to automotive cluster, and energy cluster. The Coega SEZ was developed to attract investment from
2592-592: The Eastern Cape Geographical Names Committee recommended that Port Elizabeth be renamed Gqeberha, after the Xhosa and Southern Khoe name for the Baakens River that flows through the city. The city's name change was officially gazetted on 23 February 2021. Located on the western portion of Algoa Bay along the southeastern coast of South Africa, the city lies 770 km east of Cape Town. It
2664-593: The Mayor, Mr A Fettes, performing the ceremony." Under apartheid , the South African government established legal racial segregation and started programs to separate communities physically as well as by classification and custom. The forced relocation under the auspices of the Group Areas Act of the non-white population from mixed areas began in 1962, causing various townships to be built for their use. Classification
2736-421: The Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality was formed as an administrative area covering Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha), the neighbouring towns of Kariega (Uitenhage) and Despatch and the surrounding agricultural areas. Thus included the following cities/towns/villages: As of the census of 2011, there are 1,152,115 people and 324,292 households in the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality . In
2808-528: The PAC. She won against the DA's mayoral candidate, Nqaba Bhanga , by 1 vote, as a DA councillor was absent. During a council meeting on 21 September 2022, Johnson was removed as mayor through a vote of no confidence and succeeded by the DA's Retief Odendaal . Odendaal was, in return, removed as mayor in a vote of no confidence and replaced with council speaker Gary van Niekerk on 26 May 2023. The following table shows
2880-801: The Round of 16. A quarter-final between Netherlands , Brazil was hosted, then for the Third Place playoff, Uruguay and Germany were hosted at the stadium. The World Cup was played between 11 June 2010 and 11 July 2010. Spain were the eventual champions. The city was also one of the five that hosted the 2013 Africa Cup of Nations. The same stadium that was used in the 2010 World Cup hosted eight games: five matches in Group B— Ghana vs DR Congo , Mali vs Niger , Ghana vs Mali; DR Congo vs Niger, and Ghana vs Niger; one match in Group A— Cape Verde vs Angola ,
2952-726: The SEZ and new infrastructure projects were created in 2016/2017. 5 886 people were trained and the SMME spend reached 36% during the financial year of 2016/2017. 555 people are currently contracted on the projects in the SEZ, and 70% of them are Nelson Mandela Bay -based residents. SEZ investment projects and infrastructure development programmes created more than 83 405 jobs in the past eight years. [REDACTED] Media related to Coega at Wikimedia Commons 33°48′12″S 25°41′30″E / 33.80333°S 25.69167°E / -33.80333; 25.69167 This Eastern Cape location article
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3024-424: The area, and using floatation pumps to extract more water from some reservoirs. The meeting approved the appointment of Tlhologelo Mogoatlhe (a water and sanitation production engineer) as the interim infrastructure and engineering executive director. City officials asked residents to consume no more than 50 litres (11 imp gal) of water per person per day. In mid-June 2022, Luvuyo Bangazi (spokesperson for
3096-402: The automotive, agro-processing, chemicals, energy, general manufacturing, metals, and business process outsourcing. The Port of Ngqura is a deep-water port adjacent to Coega SEZ, 20 km northeast of Gqeberha on the east coast (Indian Ocean) of South Africa. The deep-water port, with a depth of between 16m and 18m, cost R10 billion and became operational in 2009. The Port assists the Coega SEZ as
3168-488: The campaign included Nosipho Dastile , Nontuthuzelo Mabala, Lilian Diedricks and Veronica Sobukwe . After the formation of the ANC -affiliated United Democratic Front in 1983, political consciousness in black townships grew. With numerous protests across the country and the massacre in Langa township near Uitenhage , police presence had increased in South African townships. In the townships, black South Africans demanded
3240-459: The city boasts most vehicle assembly plants, General Motors , Ford , Volkswagen , Continental Tyres and many other automotive companies. As of 2018, after GM's exit from South Africa, Isuzu took over their production plant in Struandale. In 2016, Chinese state-owned automotive manufacturer BAIC and South Africa's Industrial Development Corporation announced a R11 billion joint venture for
3312-575: The city environs, and there are many tours available to familiarise visitors with especially the apartheid era. The city could be considered to be the country's leading centre of Art Deco style architecture due to its European heritage. Many buildings display the intricate stonework, wrought iron and stained glass of that era which are prominently visible in the Central Historical areas of the city. Combinations of Art Nouveau and Colonial styles are seen in residences along Cape Road. The area also boasts
3384-447: The city is also a major South African and sub-Saharan African destination for investment. Foreign direct investments of $ 19,8 billion has been secured over the past decade. Several Fortune 500 companies are present or have their African operations headquartered in the city. Historically, the majority of trade in the region came through Gqeberha. In the 1830s, at least five ships regularly transported goods to Europe. It became
3456-494: The city near Schoenmakerskop ), and the beaches along Marine Drive are abundant. Kings Beach is adjacent to the harbour, and the longshore drift from Cape Recife provides a plentiful supply of sea sand. On the north westerly coastline, the contours tends to be rockier than the area between Cape Recife, and the Port of Ngqura . There are a few rivers, of which the Baakens River is the most prominent. This river usually floods when
3528-584: The city, but it felt the effects of the war with the arrival of many refugees who moved into the city. These included Boer women and children, whom the British interned in a concentration camp . After the war, the British erected a monument to military horses that died during the war. "The unveiling of the monument commemorating the services of the horses which perished during the Anglo Boer War, 1899–1902, took place on Saturday afternoon, 11 February 1905, with
3600-754: The day as "A National Day of Pledge and Prayer". 15 000 people attended in Johannesburg , 10 000 in Cape Town , 10 000 in Durban and 20 000 in Gqeberha. The meeting in Gqeberha was led by Professor Z. K. Matthews and by Raymond Mhlaba . On 25 July 1952, a day before the official start of the Defiance Campaign , 30 volunteers led by Raymond Mhlaba gathered at the New Brighton Civic Centre and prayed throughout
3672-453: The economy of the Eastern Cape and has enabled the creation of over 45,000 jobs. This is significant for the area and the economy of the Eastern Cape. In 2001, the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality was formed as an administrative area covering Gqeberha, the neighbouring towns of Uitenhage and Despatch and the surrounding agricultural areas. The name honours former President Nelson Mandela . The combined metropolitan area had
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#17328514392103744-686: The establishment of a semi knock down vehicle assembly plant in Coega . It is anticipated that the plant will go online in 2020. The FAW also have built a multi-billion rand plant in the region. Most other industries are geared towards the motor vehicle industry, providing parts such as wiring harnesses , catalytic converters , batteries and tyres to the vehicle manufacturers . The largest economic sectors in Nelson Mandela Bay Metro are manufacturing, finance, community services and transport. Community services, trade and manufacturing sectors are
3816-658: The freedom of South Africa. The artwork is a celebration of South African culture and history and is scattered along the route as it starts from the Campanile, up the stairs to the Vuysile Mini Market Square and to the large South African flag at the Donkin Reserve. The artworks were created by local Eastern Cape artists. Other attractions include the gardens at St George's Park , the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Art Museum (formerly known as
3888-404: The government to meet the demands of black South Africans . In November the boycott was still hurting white businesses in Gqeberha greatly. The white South African government reached an agreement with PEBCO which stated that the boycott would halt until March 1986 if business owners arranged for the release of black leaders . In 1986, as the deal was approaching its end, the boycotters imposed
3960-683: The integration of public institutions, the removal of troops from black townships, and the end of workplace discrimination . To launch an effective campaign to cripple the white-owned institutions of Gqeberha and to undermine the legitimacy of apartheid, several women suggested the idea of a consumer boycott to the Port Elizabeth Black Civic Organisation (PEBCO) in May 1985. The economic boycott began on 15 July 1985, and received massive support in townships around Gqeberha. By September 1985, white business-owners became desperate and called on
4032-411: The municipality into the following main places : The municipal council consists of one hundred and twenty members elected by mixed-member proportional representation . Sixty councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in sixty wards , while the remaining sixty are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In
4104-419: The municipality's joint operations crisis committee) said that the city was losing about a third of its water because of leaks in pipes, and had a backlog of 3,000 leaks to fix. Joseph Tsatsire (Bay Water Distribution Director) said that Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality repaired 9,719 leaks over a three week period ending in mid-July 2022, leaving a backlog of 712 leaks reported. Though some residents claimed that
4176-602: The night. At 5 am on 26 July, they left the Civic Centre and walked towards the New Brighton Railway Station. In Raymond Mhlaba's Personal Memoirs: Reminiscing from Rwanda and Uganda , Mhlaba recalled: "I led the very first group and we entered the ' Europeans Only' section of the New Brighton station. By half past six we were already in police vans on our way to jail. It turned out that my party (group)
4248-561: The origins of fully modern human behaviour. Dating to 65,000 to 62,000 years ago, it has yielded extremely old evidence for bow-and-arrow hunting and shell-bead jewellery. Earlier and Middle Stone Age lithic material has been found in the Sundays River Valley, while at the important site of Amanzi Springs , 40 km north of Gqeberha near Addo, Earlier Stone Age artefacts are found in situ with well-preserved plant and faunal remains within spring sediments (Deacon, 1970). There
4320-501: The quarterfinal—Ghana vs Cape Verde, and the third place playoff—Ghana vs Mali. The Africa Cup of Nations took place between 19 January and 10 February 2013. Nigeria were eventual champions. Under the Köppen climate classification , the city has an oceanic climate ( Cfb ), and under the Trewartha climate classification , the city has a subtropical climate ( Cfbl ). The area lies between
4392-444: The railway construction, caused Gqeberha to be nicknamed "the Liverpool of South Africa", after the major British port. The town expanded as a diverse community, comprising Xhosa as well as European, Cape Malay , and other immigrants. During the Second Boer War of 1899–1902, the port served as an important transit-point for British soldiers, horses, and materials headed by railway to the front. No armed conflict took place within
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#17328514392104464-400: The railway to Kimberley in 1873 was a major stimulus to trade and a rapid increase in population in the town. With the massive expansion of the Cape Colony's railway network to the interior over the following years, the harbour of Gqeberha became the focus for serving import and export needs of a large area of the Cape's hinterland. The rapid economic development around the port, which followed
4536-403: The sectors that create the most employment in the Metro. The city offers a wealth of tourism and recreation opportunity due to its biodiversity, beaches and open spaces. Further still, Nelson Mandela Bay is a preferred region for the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, flour, meat, frozen vegetables, soft drinks, chocolates, cheese, yoghurt, ice cream, paper and leather products. The city is also
4608-408: The site of what later became Port Elizabeth. The fort is now preserved as a monument. From 1814 to 1821, the Strandfontein farm to the south of the Gqeberha River was owned by Piet Retief . He later became a Voortrekker leader and was killed in 1837 by Zulu king Dingane during negotiations about land. An estimated 500 men, woman and children of his party were killed. Frederik Korsten, after whom
4680-424: The suburb of Korsten is named, owned the Strandfontein farm after Retief. This area was later developed as Summerstrand, a beachfront suburb. In 1820, a party of 4,000 British settlers arrived by sea, encouraged by the government of the Cape Colony to form a settlement to strengthen the border region between the Cape Colony and the Xhosa people. At this time the seaport town was founded by Sir Rufane Shaw Donkin ,
4752-410: The taps only work a few hours a day, Bangazi said that water was only shut off when maintenance was being done. Water consumption for the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality was as follows: In the 2011 census, Gqeberha, then named Port Elizabeth, was the most populous city in the Eastern Cape. In 2011: The economy is primarily oriented towards automotive assembly, manufacturing and export industries, and
4824-438: The winter rainfall, Mediterranean climate zones of the Western Cape and the summer rainfall regions of eastern South Africa. Winters are cool but mild and summers are warm but considerably less humid and hot than more northerly parts of South Africa's east coast. The climate is very even throughout the year with extreme heat or moderate cold rare. The city represents a large percentage of South Africa's biological diversity
4896-419: Was Rev Francis McClelland, who in the same year was appointed Colonial Chaplain. The Roman Catholic Church established the Apostolic Vicariate of the Cape of Good Hope, Eastern District in the city in 1847. Gqeberha, then named Port Elizabeth, was granted the status of an autonomous municipality in 1861. Cape Colony Prime Minister John Molteno had formed the Cape Government Railways in 1872. Completion of
4968-462: Was established in 1999. During the 2015/2016 financial year, the SEZ made R12 billion through investments. In January 2017, the SEZ reported that there were 36 operational investors with a combined investment value of R6.6 billion. In January 2017, in its June 2016/2017, Coega announced that it had signed 16 new investors valued at R11.69 billion and created 16500 jobs. The Coega SEZ reached 7 170 Operational jobs and 9 330 new construction jobs both in
5040-404: Was sometimes arbitrary, and as in many other localities throughout the country, many citizens appearing to have mixed ancestry were at times subject to re-classification, which often had intrusive sociopolitical results. The non-white tenants of South End, and land owners in Fairview were forcibly relocated from 1965 through to 1975, as these areas were valued as prime real estate. The city-planning
5112-414: Was the very first to defy unjust laws in the whole of South Africa . Little did we know that we were making history." Mhlaba became the first man to be arrested during the campaign, while Florence Matomela was the first woman. 2 007 people were arrested in Gqeberha during the Defiance Campaign included Oom Gov (Govan Mbeki) and Vuyisile Mini . Other volunteers who emerged as key role players during
5184-451: Was viewed as the prototypical apartheid city. As black South Africans organized to try to achieve civil rights and social justice, government repression increased. In 1977 Steve Biko , the black anti-apartheid activist, was interrogated and tortured by the security police in Gqeberha before being taken to Pretoria , where he died. Other notable deaths in the city during this time included those of The Cradock Four , and of George Botha,
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