A sports club or sporting club , sometimes an athletics club or sports society or sports association , is a group of people formed for the purpose of playing sports .
142-583: Club Atlético Independiente ( Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkluβ aˈtletiko jndepenˈdjente] ) is an Argentine professional sports club , which has its headquarters and stadium in Avellaneda , a city of the Buenos Aires Province . The club is best known for its football team, which plays in the Primera División and is considered one of Argentina's Big Five football clubs. Independiente
284-496: A Flamengo - Vasco da Gama combination, in an overcrowded Estadio Gasómetro , winning the "Copa Confraternidad Argentino-Brasileña". Erico and Juan Maril of Independiente scored two out of the three Argentine goals. At the end of 1939, the Independiente team toured Brazil for the first time, meeting clubs Vasco da Gama , Flamengo , Botafogo , Atlético Mineiro , América Mineiro , Internacional and Grêmio . The peak moment of
426-534: A playmaker , providing assists with his vision and passing ability. He would often use his dribbling skills to go past opponents. In Brazil, he was hailed as a national hero for his accomplishments in football and for his outspoken support of policies that improve the social conditions of the poor. His emergence at the 1958 World Cup, where he became a black global sporting star, was a source of inspiration. Throughout his career and in his retirement, Pelé received numerous individual and team awards for his performance on
568-659: A 2-0 victory for the Uruguayan team River Plate . In 1914, Julio Mantecón proposed to Spanishize the club name from the original IFBC to "Club Atlético Independiente", since the English language had already fallen into disuse. The motion was approved by club president Juan Mignaburu . Later, other sports began to be added, the first being basketball . In 1916 Independiente reached the Copa Jockey Club final, which they lost to Rosario Central 1–2. The following year, they reached
710-413: A 20-yard bending free-kick, with Brazil winning 3–2. In the quarter-final against Peru , Brazil won 4–2, with Pelé assisting Tostão for Brazil's third goal. In the semi-final, Brazil faced Uruguay for the first time since the 1950 World Cup final round match . Jairzinho put Brazil ahead 2–1, and Pelé assisted Rivellino for the 3–1. During that match, Pelé made one of his most famous plays . Tostão passed
852-570: A 7–1 victory, scoring the first goal in his prolific career during the match. When the 1957 season started, Pelé was given a starting place in the first team and, at the age of 16, became the top scorer in the league. Ten months after signing professionally, the teenager was called up to the Brazil national team . After the 1958 and the 1962 World Cup , wealthy European clubs, such as Real Madrid , Juventus and Manchester United , tried to sign him in vain. In 1958, Inter Milan even managed to get him
994-620: A 9–4 defeat by Cruzeiro (led by Tostão ) in the final series. The club did, however, win the Campeonato Paulista in 1967, 1968, and 1969. On 19 November 1969, Pelé scored his 1,000th goal in all competitions, in what was a highly anticipated moment in Brazil. The goal dubbed O Milésimo (The Thousandth), occurred in a match against Vasco da Gama, when Pelé scored from a penalty kick, at the Maracanã Stadium. Various sources have said that
1136-560: A Brazil XI side against the Rest of The World in a farewell game for Garrincha, scoring the equalizer in an eventual 2–1 win. On 21 July 1983, the 42-year-old Pelé played for another Brazil XI side against a South Brazil team in Goiânia in a friendly match organized by Zico to benefit the victims of a flood in Santa Catarina ; he scored a free-kick in a 1–2 loss. Pelé was known for connecting
1278-894: A US record crowd of 77,891 for what turned into an 8–3 rout of the Fort Lauderdale Strikers at Giants Stadium. In the second leg of the semi-finals against the Rochester Lancers , the Cosmos won 4–1. Pelé finished his official playing career on 28 August 1977, by leading the New York Cosmos to their second Soccer Bowl title with a 2–1 win over the Seattle Sounders at the Civic Stadium in Portland, Oregon . On 1 October 1977, Pelé closed out his career in an exhibition match between
1420-548: A bad performance at the league, poor stadium condition and the members having to travel on horse to a field far away from their houses, it was a matter of discussion whether Independiente should have continued existing, but passion for football won and further efforts were made. Soon after, thanks to the incorporation of twelve champion footballers with Racing , who "crossed the street" after an internal conflict of that club (among them Germán Vidaillac, founder), Independiente radically changed its face and once again gained access to
1562-544: A central role in Brazil's way to the final. All of Brazil's matches in the tournament (except the final) were played in Guadalajara , and in the first match against Czechoslovakia, Pelé gave Brazil a 2–1 lead, by controlling Gerson's 50-yard pass with his chest and then scoring. In this match Pelé attempted to lob goalkeeper Ivo Viktor from the halfway line, only narrowly missing the Czechoslovak goal. Brazil went on to win
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#17332022059201704-524: A collar of roses, and he removed it from him and put it on her. When she asked what was going on and who was this person, whom she did not know because she did not like football, the hotel staff told her that he was the famous Brazilian football player, and that the hotel was crowded with his fans who wanted to see him. Zubaida Tharwat stated that after he saw her for the first time inside the hotel where they happened to be, he kept chasing her day and night, and wanted to take her with him to Brazil. By chance,
1846-473: A computer animation be made of this specific goal. In March 1961, Pelé scored the gol de placa (goal worthy of a plaque), against Fluminense at the Maracanã. Pelé received the ball on the edge of his own penalty area, and ran the length of the field, eluding opposition players with feints , before striking the ball beyond the goalkeeper. A plaque was commissioned with a dedication to "the most beautiful goal in
1988-473: A defender before volleying into the corner of the net, was selected as one of the best goals in the history of the World Cup. Following Pelé's second goal, Swedish player Sigvard Parling would later comment, "When Pelé scored the fifth goal in that Final, I have to be honest and say I felt like applauding". When the match ended, Pelé passed out on the field, and was revived by Garrincha. He then recovered, and
2130-532: A four-title-in-a-row record), two Intercontinental Cups ( 1973 v. Juventus in Rome and 1984 v. Liverpool in Tokyo), two Copa Sudamericana ( 2010 and 2017 ) and the 1995 Recopa Sudamericana . They also achieved now defunct competitions such as two Copa Aldao , a record three Copa Interamericana , two Supercopa Libertadores and the 2018 Suruga Bank Championship . Over time these achievements made Independiente win
2272-546: A friendly match, where the white IFBC won 3–1 with goals from Julio Mantecón, Juan Irigoyen and Miguel Peluffo. There was a clear difference in level between the AFA's Second Division and the Central League to which they were accustomed. Their first participation in AFA culminated in the second-to-last place, which relegated them to the 1908 Third Division and led to the departure of some original players, such as Rosendo Degiorgi. With
2414-465: A hat-trick against Paraguay . When the 1962 World Cup started, Pelé was considered the best player in the world. In the first match of the 1962 World Cup in Chile, against Mexico , Pelé assisted the first goal and then scored the second one, after a run past four defenders, to go up 2–0. He got injured in the next game while attempting a long-range shot against Czechoslovakia . This would keep him out of
2556-456: A hat-trick, becoming the youngest player in World Cup history to do so. On 29 June 1958, Pelé became the youngest player to play in a World Cup final match at 17 years and 249 days. He scored two goals in that final as Brazil beat Sweden 5–2 in Stockholm, the capital. Pelé hit the post and then Vavá scored two goals to give Brazil the lead. Pelé's first goal, where he flicked the ball over
2698-521: A historic 6-0 win over Real Madrid at a full stadium, a Real Madrid starring Alfredo Di Stéfano , Paco Gento and other future "Galácticos" who would later win five consecutive European Cups . Rodolfo Micheli scored a hat-trick , while the other three goals were scored by Bonelli, Grillo and Cecconatto. The European tour continued with a 2–1 against Benfica , 8–1 against Sporting in Portugal , 5-3 against Atlético Madrid and 3-0 against Valencia in
2840-429: A larger multisports club are examples of this (namely, Portuguese SADs ( Sociedade Anónima Desportiva ) such as Sport Lisboa e Benfica and Sporting Clube de Portugal , or Spanish SADs ( Sociedad Anónima Deportiva ) Real Zaragoza, S.A.D. and Real Betis Balompié S.A.D. , as well as Italian clubs like Società Sportiva Lazio S.p.A. ). Some sports teams are owned and financed by a single non-sports company , for example
2982-526: A last-minute goal in the first leg of the semi-finals which made it 1–1. In the second leg, Pelé scored a hat-trick in the Estádio do Maracanã as Santos won, 0–4, in the second leg. Santos started the final series by winning, 3–2, in the first leg and defeating Boca Juniors 1–2, in La Bombonera . It was a rare feat in official competitions, with another goal from Pelé. Santos became the first Brazilian team to lift
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#17332022059203124-438: A play scored by Ricardo Bochini shortly before the end of the match. The main media stated that the referee would have been, at halftime, "influenced" by Luciano B. Menéndez , one of the generals of the civil-military dictatorship . Bochini ( 2010 ) stated that this fact cost him the call to the 1978 and 1982 World Cups , making his debut in 1986 against Belgium . In 1983 , another unprecedented event occurred again at
3266-516: A player on one sports team within a sports and entertainment company to automatically play for another team in the same company. On the other hand, American varsity teams are generally organized into a structure forming a true multi-sport club belonging to an educational institution, but varsity collegiate athletics are almost never referred to as clubs; "club sports" in American colleges and universities refer to sports that are not directly sponsored by
3408-535: A playoff was needed to break the tie. Unlike 1962, Peñarol came out on top and eliminated Santos 2–1. Pelé would, however, finish as the top scorer of the tournament with eight goals. In December 1965, Santos won the Taça Brasil , their fifth straight Brazilian league title, with Pelé scoring the last goal in the final series. In 1966, Santos failed to retain the Taça Brasil as Pelé's goals were not enough to prevent
3550-517: A record of all time scorer of the Primera División. At the end of the 1930s the club, now professional, entered a path of titles led by its three new figures: Arsenio Erico , Antonio Sastre and Vicente de la Mata , one of the most offensive tridents in the history of football, with 556 goals in total. This team led Independiente to win two Primera championships ( 1938 and 1939 ), three national cups and three international cups. In 1938 they won
3692-431: A record of most goals in a single Primera División championship by one player. In 1923 , Independiente finished as runners-up, in part as a result of Seoane and Ronzoni being banned for one year due to an incident with a referee. In the 1920s, international tours of British teams to Argentina were common, with which Independiente faced for the first team a European club in 1923, beating Scottish team Third Lanark 2–1 at
3834-518: A regular contract, but Angelo Moratti was forced to tear the contract up at the request of Santos's chairman following a revolt by Santos's Brazilian fans. Valencia CF also arranged an agreement that would have brought Pelé to the club after the 1958 World Cup, however after his performances at the tournament, Santos declined to let the player leave. In 1961 the government of Brazil under President Jânio Quadros declared Pelé an "official national treasure" to prevent him from being transferred out of
3976-897: A single sport or to several ( multi-sport clubs ). The term "athletics club" is sometimes used for a general sports club, rather than one dedicated to athletics proper. Friedrich Ludwig Jahn 's Turners movement, first realized at Volkspark Hasenheide in Berlin in 1811, was the origin of the modern sports clubs . Larger sports clubs are characterized by having professional and amateur departments in various sports such as bike polo , football , basketball , futsal , cricket , volleyball , handball , rink hockey , bowling , water polo , rugby , track and field athletics , boxing , baseball , cycling , tennis , rowing , gymnastics , and others, including less traditional sports such as airsoft , billiards , e-sports , orienteering , paintball , or roller derby . The teams and athletes belonging to
4118-706: A single sport. There are some exceptions, especially when multiple such teams are under one ownership structure, in which case the club may be referred to as a "sports and entertainment" company; see, for example, the One Buffalo sports club, which fields an NFL team (the Buffalo Bills ), two hockey teams ( Buffalo Sabres and Rochester Americans ), professional lacrosse ( Buffalo Bandits and Rochester Knighthawks ), and general athletics and fitness (Impact Sports and Performance). Even in such circumstances, collective bargaining agreements and contract laws generally do not allow
4260-421: A sports club may compete in several different leagues, championships and tournaments wearing the same club colors and using the same club name, sharing also the same club fan base , supporters and facilities. Many professional sports clubs have an associate system where the affiliated supporters pay an annuity fee. In those cases, supporters become eligible to attend the club's home matches and exhibitions across
4402-552: A variety of attacking positions . Although he often operated inside the penalty area as a striker or centre forward , his wide range of skills allowed him to play as an inside forward or a second striker . In his later career, he took on a playmaking role behind the strikers, often functioning as an attacking midfielder . Pelé's unique playing style combined speed, creativity, and technical skill with physical power, stamina, and athleticism. His technique, flair, agility, and dribbling skills allowed him to beat opponents with
Club Atlético Independiente - Misplaced Pages Continue
4544-1413: Is also a multisports organisation, with badminton , cricket, association football and tennis facilities. In addition, like in several other countries, many universities and colleges develop a wide range of student sport activities including at a professional or semi-professional level. Fulham F.C. once ran a professional rugby league team and rowing club, which other football clubs have emulated since. Many football clubs originate from cricket teams. Today, most major cities have separate clubs for each sport (e.g. Manchester United Football Club and Lancashire County Cricket Club are based in Manchester ). Many clubs internationally describe themselves as football clubs ("FC", "Football Club" in British English and "Fußball-Club" in German; "CF", Clube de Futebol in Portuguese and Club de Fútbol in Spanish). Generally, British football clubs field only football teams. Their counterparts in several other countries tend to be full multi-sport clubs, even when called football clubs ( Futebol Clube do Porto ; Fußball-Club Bayern München ; Futbol Club Barcelona ). The equivalent abbreviation "SC" (for "Soccer Club")
4686-415: Is more common in the case of individual sports, such as the sport of athletics , where a distance runner may compete for a track and field team as well as a road running team, and also have further membership at a local sports club for training purposes. Some national sports bodies require an athlete to state a priority order of their club membership, outlining which club has the higher, or first, claim on
4828-888: Is occasionally used in North American English (for example, Nashville SC and Orlando City SC ), but a general reluctance to decolonize the sport terminology means that most North American teams, somewhat ambiguously, as "football" in North American English refers to North American gridiron-style football still use "F.C." in their name instead (e.g. FC Dallas or Toronto FC ). Pel%C3%A9 Brazil professional footballer Eponyms and public art Films Media Family Related Edson Arantes do Nascimento ( Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈɛtsõ aˈɾɐ̃tʃiz du nasiˈmẽtu] ; 23 October 1940 – 29 December 2022), better known by his nickname Pelé ( Brazilian Portuguese: [peˈlɛ] ),
4970-517: Is often considered the greatest team goal of all time because it involved all but two of the team's outfield players. The play culminated after Pelé made a blind pass that went into Carlos Alberto's running trajectory. He came running from behind and struck the ball to score. Brazil won the match 4–1, keeping the Jules Rimet Trophy indefinitely, and Pelé received the Golden Ball as the player of
5112-485: Is the owner of the Cardiff Arms Park site. It is responsible for much of the premier amateur sporting activities in city with cricket ( Cardiff Cricket Club ), rugby union (it is the major shareholder of the semi-professional Cardiff Rugby Club ), field hockey ( Cardiff & Met Hockey Club ), tennis ( Lisvane (CAC) Tennis Club ) and bowls ( Cardiff Athletic Bowls Club ) sections. Catford Wanderers Sports Club
5254-682: The 1927 Copa América and an Olympic medal for Argentina and then moving to Juventus , before winning the 1934 World Cup with the Italian national team , scoring in the Final against Czechoslovakia . Being world champion, in 1935 he returned to Independiente, possibly escaping from the Fascist regime ; prior to the World Cup final, Benito Mussolini met the Italian team and demanded them to " win or die ". In 1925 club president Pedro Canaveri made an offer to buy
5396-403: The 1962 and 1963 Copa Libertadores , and to the 1962 and 1963 Intercontinental Cup . Credited with connecting the phrase " The Beautiful Game " with football, Pelé's "electrifying play and penchant for spectacular goals" made him a global star, and his teams toured internationally to take full advantage of his popularity. During his playing days, Pelé was for a period the best-paid athlete in
5538-543: The 1962 Intercontinental Cup against Benfica . Wearing his number 10 shirt , Pelé produced one of the best performances of his career, scoring a hat-trick in Lisbon as Santos won 5–2. Pelé states that his most memorable goal was scored at the Estádio Rua Javari on a Campeonato Paulista match against São Paulo rival Clube Atlético Juventus on 2 August 1959. As there is no video footage of this match, Pelé asked that
5680-466: The 1964 Copa Libertadores , Santos was beaten in both legs of the semi-finals by Independiente . The club won the Campeonato Paulista, with Pelé netting 34 goals. Santos also shared the Rio-São Paulo title with Botafogo and won the Taça Brasil for the fourth consecutive year. In the 1965 Copa Libertadores , Santos reached the semi-finals and met Peñarol in a rematch of the 1962 final. After two matches,
5822-433: The 1975 Copa Libertadores finals against Unión Española . At the 1976 Copa Libertadores , after four years of success, the red team finally got knocked out by River Plate 1–0 in the semifinals, very close of reaching a fifth consecutive final. However, soonly after they won the postponed 1976 Copa Interamericana (the third in a row) against Mexican side Atlético Español through the penalty shoot-out after two ties at
Club Atlético Independiente - Misplaced Pages Continue
5964-508: The 2013–14 season , when they were relegated. Inaugurated in 2009, the Estadio Libertadores de América serves as homeground for the men's football team and, on special occasions, for the women's team. It has a capacity of 49,500. Their fanbase is the third largest in the country. Over time Independiente has won 16 Primera División titles (14 of them in the professional era) and 9 first-tier and one second-tier National cups , being
6106-639: The CONCACAF champions, and participated six times in the prestigious Intercontinental Cup ; being world champion in 1973 , beating Italian Juventus 1–0 at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome (goal by Bochini), and in 1984 , beating Liverpool at the Tokyo Olympic Stadium (goal by José Percudani ). The duel against Liverpool was special, since it was the first confrontation between Argentine and British teams after
6248-769: The Estadio Crucecita land, but it was rejected. That meant they had to move again, so they purchased a low-priced uninhabited swampy land located within the limits of the Avellaneda city between the Racing Stadium and the Great Southern Railway tracks, further fueling the rivalry with its neighbors. There he built the Alsina y Cordero Stadium (later named "la Doble Visera"), the first cement stadium in Argentina and third in
6390-557: The Falklands War that occurred two years earlier and marked the end of the civil-military dictatorship. The entire Argentine public supported Independiente, and its victory gave it the nickname of "National Pride" in all the newspapers. The other four participations in the Intercontinental ended in defeats against Inter Milan (twice), Ajax Amsterdam and Atlético Madrid (although not without having visited historic stadiums such as
6532-639: The Mestalla . The tour concluded with defeats to FC Rouen in France and Huddersfield Town in England, both 2-3. In Avellaneda they also hosted several powerful teams of the time, winning 4–2 against Rot-Weiss (champions of West Germany ) in 1954, 6–1 against La Chaux-de-Fonds (champions of Switzerland ) in 1954, 3–0 against Red Star (champions of Yugoslavia ) in 1955, 1-0 against CSKA Sofia (champions of Bulgaria ) in 1962, 2–0 against FC Dinamo Moscow (champions of
6674-643: The National School of Buenos Aires for five months. The club competed in 1905 in zonal tournaments like the Villalobos Cup, where they faced for the first time to Boca Juniors (created just four months before) on 27 August, being victorious 4–1 in Flores. The club joined the AFA in 1906 and was registered to begin competing that year, like neighbors Atlanta, but was disqualified at the last moments for not complying with
6816-596: The New York Cosmos of the North American Soccer League (NASL) for the 1975 season . At a chaotic press conference at New York's 21 Club , the Cosmos unveiled Pelé. John O'Reilly, the club's media spokesman, stated, "We had superstars in the United States but nothing at the level of Pelé. Everyone wanted to touch him, shake his hand, get a photo with him." Though well past his prime at this point, Pelé
6958-683: The River Plate Stadium with a Raimundo Orsi brace. Manuel Seoane returned to the team in 1926 and led Independiente to win its second Primera División title, being nicknamed "Diablos Rojos" (Red Devils) since this moment among the football public, after the journalist Hugo Marini of the Crítica journal described as "devilish" the forward line (the old 2-3-5 style) starring Manuel Seoane , Alberto Lalín, Raimundo Orsi , Luis Ravaschino and Zoilo Canavery . Raimundo Orsi went on to become Independiente's first globally recognized figure, having won
7100-582: The San Siro , the Bernabéu , the Amsterdam Olympic and Vicente Calderón ). Ricardo Bochini , who completed a long career at the club between 1973 and 1991, is remembered as the institution's greatest idol, scoring the goal against Juventus and having a 19-year career at Independiente, where he won twelve titles (record which he shares with Ricardo Pavoni ). Other highlights on the non-competitive stage include
7242-660: The Soviet Union ) in 1963, 3–0 against Austria Vienna (champions of Austria ) in 1964, 3–2 against Sparta Prague (champions of Czechoslovakia ) in 1966, and 4-1 against Torpedo Moscow (champions of the Soviet Union) in 1969. The "golden era" of the club started in the early 1960s, along the birth of the South American continental cups. As 1963 Primera División champions, they won the Copa Libertadores de América for
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#17332022059207384-600: The United States major institutions like The New York Athletic Club and Los Angeles Athletic Club serve as athletic clubs that participate in multiple sports. Examples also abound of sports clubs that are in effect one sports team. Each team from the NFL (American football), CFL (Canadian football), NBA (basketball), MLB (baseball), NHL (ice hockey) or MLS (association football) North American sports leagues , can be called sports clubs, but in practice, they focus solely on
7526-635: The Venezuelan Olympic Stadium . At the local level, Independiente continued to win titles. The most particular was the 1977 Nacional , a tournament where they faced Talleres in the final. Having tied in Avellaneda, the teams played the definition in Córdoba . The Córdoba team took the lead with a controversial handball goal, validated by referee Barreiro, who also sent off three Independiente players for protesting. However, with only seven field players, Independiente won through an excellent goal from
7668-412: The final again, beating Estudiantes 2–1 and winning its first title under its current name with goals from Juan Cánepa and Guillermo Ronzoni, thus also achieving its first first-tier title and its first classification to an international tournament; the 1917 Tie Cup . There they lost to Montevideo Wanderers , Uruguayan champions, 0-4. In relation to the previous achievement, Independiente had reached
7810-572: The "traditional" one is that it was the idea of the president and goalkeeper Aristides Langone, due to his fanaticism for the English team Nottingham Forest , who toured Argentina against local teams and left the Argentine public amazed. On the other hand, it is also true that Julio Mantecón, an important member of the Socialist Party , was the general secretary and forward, for whom bright red symbolized
7952-517: The American inventor Thomas Edison . His parents decided to remove the "i" and call him "Edson", but there was a typo on his birth certificate, leading many documents to show his name as "Edison", not "Edson", as he was called. He was originally nicknamed "Dico" by his family. He received the nickname "Pelé" during his school days, it is claimed, after mispronouncing the name of his favourite player, Vasco da Gama goalkeeper Bilé. In his autobiography released in 2006, Pelé stated he had no idea what
8094-423: The Campeonato Paulista trophy but lost out on the Rio-São Paulo tournament after finishing in 8th place. In the 1960 season, Pelé scored 47 goals and helped Santos regain the Campeonato Paulista. The club went on to win the Taça Brasil that same year, beating Bahia in the finals; Pelé finished as the top scorer of the tournament with nine goals. The victory allowed Santos to participate in the Copa Libertadores ,
8236-576: The Central League in Buenos Aires and finished it in Crucecita (Avellaneda suburb). In 1907 they left the local tournaments being champions of the CFL summer tournament, ahead of Platense, as that year they were finally accepted to compete in AFA. They were about to be rejected again as the field still didn't comply with all the strict requirements, but they made it by insistence from Carlos Degiorgi. Starting from
8378-404: The Copa Libertadores in Argentine soil. Pelé finished the tournament with five goals. Santos lost the Campeonato Paulista after finishing in third place but went on to win the Rio-São Paulo tournament after a 0–3 win over Flamengo in the final, with Pelé scoring one goal. Pelé would also help Santos retain the Intercontinental Cup and the Taça Brasil against AC Milan and Bahia respectively. In
8520-412: The Cosmos and Santos. The match was played in front of a sold-out crowd at Giants Stadium and was televised in the US on ABC 's Wide World of Sports as well as throughout the world. Pelé's father and wife both attended the match, as well as Muhammad Ali and Bobby Moore. Delivering a message to the audience before the start of the game—"Love is more important than what we can take in life"—Pelé played
8662-463: The Cosmos, then Franz Beckenbauer and his former Santos teammate Carlos Alberto . Over the next few years other players came to the league, including Johan Cruyff , Eusébio , Bobby Moore , George Best and Gordon Banks . In 1975, one week before the Lebanese Civil War , Pelé played a friendly game for the Lebanese club Nejmeh against a team of Lebanese Premier League stars, scoring two goals which were not included in his official tally. On
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#17332022059208804-434: The Maracanã. In that match, he scored his first goal for Brazil aged 16 years and eight months, and he remains the youngest goalscorer for his country. Pelé arrived in Sweden sidelined by a knee injury but on his return from the treatment room, his colleagues stood together and insisted upon his selection. His first match was against the USSR in the third match of the first round of the 1958 FIFA World Cup, where he gave
8946-432: The Portuguese led by Eusébio and were eliminated from the tournament as a result. After this game he vowed he would never again play in the World Cup, a decision he would later change. Pelé was called to the national team in early 1969, he refused at first, but then accepted and played in six World Cup qualifying matches, scoring six goals. The 1970 World Cup in Mexico was expected to be Pelé's last. Brazil's squad for
9088-406: The Primera División against Kimberley (winning 3–0 in Avellaneda), finishing the tournament as runners-up after the red squad decided to withdraw the final versus Porteño claiming an unfairly disallowed goal. Enrique Colla of Independiente was the top scorer of the tournament, with 12 goals. In October, the Reds traveled to Montevideo to play a match abroad for the first time, which resulted in
9230-508: The Second Division after being runner-up in the only season of the club's history in Third Division, with an impressive record of 14 victories out of 14 games played (40 goals for and only 4 against), but, unfortunately, they failed to finish the season with a title as they lost the championship final to Banfield 0–3 at the Estadio GEBA . The newcomers also helped to improve the stadium condition. Independiente adopted, also in 1908, its distinctive red color, about which there are two theories;
9372-406: The Second Division, their first official match in the AFA leagues was a 1–3 defeat to Comercio in Crucecita. In June of that year, they met Racing for the first time, a match that from the first moment was a derby since their new neighbors were not happy sharing the city. The derby was won by Independiente 3–2, with a goal from Rosendo Degiorgi close to the hour mark. They also met River Plate in
9514-431: The assist to Vavá's second goal. He was at the time the youngest player ever to participate in the World Cup. He scored his first World Cup goal against Wales in the quarter-finals, the only goal of the match, to help Brazil advance to the semi-finals while becoming the youngest ever World Cup goalscorer at 17 years and 239 days. Against France in the semi-final, Brazil was leading 2–1 at halftime, and then Pelé scored
9656-586: The athlete's services. In many regions of the world like Europe , North Africa , West Asia , the Indian subcontinent or Central and South America , sports clubs with several sports departments (multisports clubs) or branches, including highly competitive professional teams, are very popular and have developed into some of the most powerful and representative sports institutions in those places. In general, student sports can be described as composed by multisports clubs, each one representing its educational institution and competing in several sport disciplines. In
9798-415: The ball for Pelé to collect which Uruguay's goalkeeper Ladislao Mazurkiewicz took notice of and ran off his line to get the ball before Pelé. However, Pelé got there first and fooled Mazurkiewicz with a feint by not touching the ball, causing it to roll to the goalkeeper's left, while Pelé went to the goalkeeper's right. Pelé ran around the goalkeeper to retrieve the ball and took a shot while turning towards
9940-499: The ball, and frequently saw him use sudden changes of direction and elaborate feints to get past players, such as his trademark move, the drible da vaca . Another one of his signature moves was the paradinha , or little stop. Pelé excelled in the air, due to his heading accuracy, timing, and elevation. Renowned for his bending shots, he was also an accurate free-kick taker and penalty taker, although he often refrained from taking penalties, stating that he believed it to be
10082-466: The club are athletics , basketball , boxing , chess , field hockey , futsal , handball , gymnastics , martial arts , Pilates , roller skating , scuba diving , swimming, tennis , volleyball , water polo , and yoga . Also, the club has its own school, with Pre-Kindergarten, Kindergarten, Elementary, Secondary school levels and Tertiary education (with, for now, only two careers, being physical education teacher and football coach). Independiente
10224-458: The club continued its institutional grow, as they settled in another field in the Mitre Avenue, centre of Crucecita. There they built the Estadio Crucecita , made up completely in wood for around 4,000 spects (later expanded to 10,000), and inaugurated with a victory over Estudiantil Porteño . That year the red team fought for the championship until the end along Estudiantes , losing to them at
10366-544: The club managed to move forward with the construction, taking the cause to the main media in Buenos Aires and even firing the municipals with gunshots . stadium was inaugurated on 8 March 1928 in a friendly against Peñarol , and served for more than ten years as the main stadium for the Argentina national team . Some of the stands where reused from the former Crucecita stadium, until they were replaced by concrete ones. After
10508-563: The club's directors that the 15-year-old would be "the greatest football player in the world". Pelé impressed Santos coach Lula during his trial at the Estádio Vila Belmiro , and he signed a professional contract with the club in June 1956. Pelé was highly promoted in the local media as a future superstar. He made his senior team debut on 7 September 1956 at the age of 15 against Corinthians de Santo André and had an impressive performance in
10650-511: The club's first international title at the legendary Estadio Centenario in Montevideo (place where Uruguay was world champion in 1930 ), beating Peñarol 3–1 with goals from De la Mata, Zorrilla and Erico. The coach responsible for the two triple crowns was Guillermo Ronzoni , today the winningest coach in the history of Independiente, who also was a defender between 1917 and 1928. In 1939, an Independiente- River Plate combined team beat 3–1
10792-579: The colleges but by student organizations (see National Club Football Association and American Collegiate Hockey Association for two leagues consisting entirely of college "club" teams in American football and ice hockey , respectively). In the United Kingdom , almost all major sports organisations are dedicated to a single sport, the exception to this is Cardiff Athletic Club based in Cardiff , Wales, which
10934-590: The competition's top winner with seven titles, to which are added the difficult records of being champions in four consecutive editions; and seven finals played, without having lost any of them. As a colorful note, in the 1964 Libertadores they eliminated in the semifinals the difficult team of the Brazilian Santos , current two-time world champion, starring Pelé and other stars of the two-time world champion Brazilian national team . The English magazine FourFourTwo ( 2024 ) described Independiente from 1971-1975 as
11076-621: The country. Pelé won his first major title with Santos in 1958 as the team won the Campeonato Paulista ; he would finish the tournament as the top scorer, with 58 goals, a record that still stands today. A year later, he would help the team earn their first victory in the Torneio Rio-São Paulo with a 3–0 over Vasco da Gama. However, Santos was unable to retain the Paulista title. In 1960, Pelé scored 33 goals to help his team regain
11218-481: The day of the game, 40,000 spectators were at the stadium from early morning to watch the match. Pelé led the Cosmos to the 1977 Soccer Bowl , in his third and final season with the club. In June 1977, the Cosmos attracted an NASL record 62,394 fans to Giants Stadium for a 3–0 victory past the Tampa Bay Rowdies with a 37-year-old Pelé scoring a hat-trick. In the first leg of the quarter-finals, they attracted
11360-447: The entire season, and have the right to practice almost every kind of sport at the club's facilities. Registered associate member fees, attendance receipts, sponsoring contracts, team merchandising , TV rights, and athlete/player transfer fees , are usually the primary sources of sports club financing. In addition, there are sports clubs, or its teams, which are publicly listed - several professional European football clubs belonging to
11502-523: The field of competitive club sports, an athlete will typically be registered to only one club for a given discipline and will compete for that club exclusively for the duration of a competition or season. Exceptions to this include player trades and transfers, athlete loan agreements and unattached trialists. Where an athlete competes in multiple disciplines, or where club membership has social or training aspects such as local athletic clubs, then athletes may register with multiple clubs. Multiple membership
11644-467: The field, his record-breaking achievements, and his legacy in the sport. Pelé was born Edson Arantes do Nascimento on 23 October 1940 in Três Corações , Minas Gerais, the son of Fluminense footballer Dondinho (born João Ramos do Nascimento) and Celeste Arantes (1922–2024). He was the elder of two siblings, with brother Zoca also playing for Santos, albeit not as successfully. He was named after
11786-505: The field, the Brazilian team's record was 67 wins, 14 draws, and 11 losses. Brazil never lost a match while fielding both Pelé and Garrincha. Pelé's 77 goals (in 92 games) for Brazil saw him hold the record as the national team's top goalscorer for over fifty years until it was surpassed by Neymar (in his 125th game) in September 2023. On 19 December 1973, Pelé played for
11928-640: The final of the 1914 La Nación Cup , but it was cancelled because its rivals Argentino de Quilmes were disaffiliated from the AFA before the final, leaving Independiente "champions by desk ". The Avellaneda team managed to become champions of the Argentine Primera División for the first time in 1922 , a tough championship where Independiente finished ahead of River Plate , San Lorenzo and Racing , who finished second, third and fourth respectively, with an impressive record of 97 goals in that season, of which Manuel Seoane scored 55 of them, keeping
12070-465: The final were eligible for a medal before FIFA regulations were changed in 1978 to include the entire squad, with Pelé receiving his winner's medal retroactively in 2007. Pelé was the most famous footballer in the world during the 1966 World Cup in England, and Brazil fielded some world champions like Garrincha, Gilmar and Djalma Santos with the addition of other stars like Jairzinho, Tostão and Gérson , leading to high expectations for them. Brazil
12212-495: The first black global sporting superstar, and a source of genuine uplift and inspiration." It was in the 1958 World Cup that Pelé began wearing a jersey with the number 10, which was the result of disorganization: the leaders of the Brazilian Federation did not allocate the shirt numbers of players and it was up to FIFA to choose the number 10 shirt for Pelé, who was a substitute on the occasion. The press proclaimed Pelé
12354-520: The first experience with Third Lanark, new European clubs made it to Argentina, and consequently Independiente beat FC Barcelona (Spanish champions) 4–1 in 1928 and Bologna (Italian champions) 1–0 in 1929. They also faced Chelsea (1–1 tie) and Torino (1–2 defeat). Contrary to the Europeans, Independiente was still an amateur club. Arcadi Balaguer , president of FC Barcelona , became surprised after realizing that Independiente defender Guillermo Ronzoni
12496-442: The first half with the Cosmos, the second with Santos. The game ended with the Cosmos winning 2–1, with Pelé scoring with a 30-yard free-kick for the Cosmos in what was the final goal of his career. During the second half, it started to rain, prompting a Brazilian newspaper to come out with the headline the following day: "Even The Sky Was Crying." Pelé's first international match was a 2–1 defeat against Argentina on 7 July 1957 at
12638-514: The first meeting, on 19 August, they played the first game in their history, a 2–2 tie with Atlanta , on a field located in the Flores neighborhood of Buenos Aires. During its short stay in the Argentine capital, Independiente wandered in various improvised fields in the neighborhoods of Flores and La Paternal . They also acted as hosts in Recoleta , where they rented a very expensive field belonging to
12780-458: The first professional league in the country. They also were already considered one of the Big Five , along Boca Juniors , Racing , River Plate and San Lorenzo . Zoilo Canavery , who retired in 1930 wearing the red shirt, was appointed as the club's first official manager in 1932. Manuel Seoane retired in 1933 with an impressive record of 241 goals in 264 appearances with the red shirt, setting
12922-494: The first time in 1964 , being the first Argentine team to do so, beating Millonarios (champions of Colombia ), Alianza Lima (champions of Peru ) and Santos (champions of Brazil ) in the initial phases, and in the final against Nacional (champions of Uruguay ) 1–0, with a goal from Mario Rodríguez Varela . Then they defended the title in 1965 , won four consecutive Libertadores in 1972 , 1973 , 1974 , 1975 , and obtained his last one in 1984 , establishing themselves as
13064-399: The formation of the first match. During the game, Portugal defender João Morais fouled Pelé, but was not sent off by referee George McCabe ; a decision retrospectively viewed as being among the worst refereeing errors in World Cup history. Pelé had to stay on the field limping for the rest of the game since substitutes were not allowed in football at that time. Brazil lost the match against
13206-455: The fourth most decorated club in the national stage. They also have the most victories at the Avellaneda derby , the second most important derby in the country behind the Superclásico . Despite the national success, Independiente is mainly recognized for its continental titles , having won a record seven Copa Libertadores ( 1964 , 1965 , 1972 , 1973 , 1974 , 1975 and 1984 , including
13348-525: The goal, but he turned in excess as he shot, and the ball drifted just wide of the far post. "I have scored more than a thousand goals in my life and the thing people always talk to me about is the one I didn't score." — Pelé on the extraordinary save by England goalkeeper Gordon Banks in their 1970 World Cup match. Brazil played Italy in the final at the Azteca Stadium in Mexico City. Pelé scored
13490-596: The greatest revelation of the 1958 World Cup, and he was also retroactively given the Silver Ball as the second best player of the tournament, behind Didi . Pelé also played in the South American Championship . In the 1959 competition he was named best player of the tournament and was the top scorer with eight goals, as Brazil came second despite being unbeaten in the tournament. He scored in five of Brazil's six games, including two goals against Chile and
13632-420: The history of the Maracanã". As the defending champions, Santos qualified automatically to the semi-final stage of the 1963 Copa Libertadores . The balé branco (white ballet), the nickname given to Santos at the time, managed to retain the title after victories over Botafogo and Boca Juniors . Pelé helped Santos overcome a Botafogo team that featured Brazilian greats such as Garrincha and Jairzinho with
13774-530: The last date and finishing as runners-up. However, due to the leagues being reorganized again, Independiente was promoted to the Primera División , seven years after its foundation. On 4 February 1912 the red team won its first friendly international cup, the Anglo-Argentine Association Trophy, by 3–0 over Uruguayan side Universal , with a brace from Enrique Colla and one from Francisco Roldán. In 14 July, 1912 , Independiente debuted in
13916-451: The latter partnered him in numerous one-two plays, attacks, and goals. After Pelé's 19th season with Santos, he left Brazilian football. Pelé's 643 goals for Santos were the most goals scored for a single club until it was surpassed by Lionel Messi of Barcelona in December 2020. Even though he never played in a European league, Pelé played exhibition games in several countries all over
14058-541: The local level when Independiente became Argentine champion, competing on the last date in La Doble Visera against archi-rivals Racing , a team that was relegated to Primera B for the first time in its history. This title led to winning the 1984 Copa Libertadores , the club's seventh, beating Grêmio in the finals with a goal from Jorge Burruchaga . On the world stage, they won the aforementioned Copa Interamericana three times, in 1973 , 1974 and 1976 against
14200-457: The match, 4–1. In the first half of the match against England , Pelé nearly scored with a header that was saved by the England goalkeeper Gordon Banks. Pelé recalled he was already shouting "Goal" when he headed the ball. It was often referred to as the "save of the century". In the second half, he controlled a cross from Tostão before flicking the ball to Jairzinho who scored the only goal. Against Romania , Pelé scored two goals, which included
14342-596: The most prestigious club tournament in the Western hemisphere. "I arrived hoping to stop a great man, but I went away convinced I had been undone by someone who was not born on the same planet as the rest of us." Santos's most successful Copa Libertadores season started in 1962 ; the team was seeded in Group One alongside Cerro Porteño and Deportivo Municipal Bolivia, winning every match of their group but one (a 1–1 away tie versus Cerro). Santos defeated Universidad Católica in
14484-880: The name means, nor did his old friends, and the word has no meaning in Portuguese. Pelé grew up in poverty in Bauru in the state of São Paulo . He earned extra money by working in tea shops as a servant. Taught to play by his father, he could not afford a proper football and usually played with either a sock stuffed with newspaper and tied with string or a grapefruit. He played for several amateur teams in his youth, including Sete de Setembro , Canto do Rio , São Paulinho , and Ameriquinha . Pelé led Bauru Atlético Clube juniors (coached by Waldemar de Brito ) to two São Paulo state youth championships. In his mid-teens, he played for an indoor football team called Radium. Indoor football had just become popular in Bauru when Pelé began playing it. He
14626-407: The next stop for Pelé's tour was to Cairo , and he met again with Tharwat, who stated that she could not communicate with him as he did not speak English at the time. After the 1974 season (his 19th with Santos), Pelé retired from Brazilian club football although he continued to occasionally play for Santos in official competitive matches. A year later, he came out of semi-retirement to sign with
14768-463: The nicknames of "Rey de Copas" (King of Cups) and "Orgullo Nacional" (National Pride), the latter after the team won, at the 1984 Intercontinental, the first encounter between an Argentine and British teams after the Falklands War . With 18 FIFA-recognized international titles, Independiente is the most successful club at this category in the Americas , alongside Boca Juniors , and third in the world. On
14910-491: The non-competitive stage, Independiente also clinched outstanding victories of 4–1 to FC Barcelona in 1928, 3–0 away to Guadalajara in 1948, 6–0 away to Di Stéfano 's Real Madrid , 8–1 away to Sporting , 3–0 to Valencia , 5–3 away to Atlético Madrid (all four in 1953), 3–0 to Red Star Belgrade in 1955, 5–1 over Pelé 's Santos in 1964, 5–3 away to Urawa Red Diamonds in 1995 and 3–0 over Koeman 's Feyenoord in 1997. Apart from football, other activities practised at
15052-401: The only player to do so and the youngest player to win a World Cup (17). He was nicknamed O Rei (The King) following the 1958 tournament. With 77 goals in 92 games for Brazil, Pelé held the record as the national team's top goalscorer for over fifty years. At club level, he is Santos's all-time top goalscorer with 643 goals in 659 games. In a golden era for Santos, he led the club to
15194-403: The opening goal with a header after out jumping Italian defender Tarcisio Burgnich . Brazil's 100th World Cup goal, Pelé's leap of joy into the arms of teammate Jairzinho in celebrating the goal is regarded as one of the most iconic moments in World Cup history. He then made assists for Brazil's third goal, scored by Jairzinho, and the fourth finished by Carlos Alberto. The last goal of the game
15336-445: The phrase " The Beautiful Game " with football. A prolific goalscorer, he was known for his ability to anticipate his opponents’ movements and finish off chances with an accurate and powerful shot with either foot. Pelé was also a hard-working and complete player with exceptional vision and intelligence, who was recognised for his precise passing and the ability to provide teammates with assists . In his early career, he played in
15478-451: The red team also achieved the 1973 Copa Interamericana and the 1973 Intercontinental Cup , giving rise to the nickname of "Rey de Copas" (King of Cups). In 1975, the club from Avellaneda made its first tour of Asia , performing friendly games against Indonesian and Hong Kong teams. Since almost all Asian teams wore red, and Independiente didn't carry any alternative kits, they were given yellow Sweden jerseys, which were later used in
15620-581: The reserve teams, where Independiente won 10–0. The famous offensive trident was dismantled in 1941 with the departure of Antonio Sastre to São Paulo . Some time later the Argentine Football Association considered him the "most complete Argentine player of all time." Arsenio Erico , for his part, retired in 1946 having become the new top scorer in the history of the Argentine Primera División with 295 goals (a record he still holds) overshadowing Manuel Seoane's record, and Vicente de la Mata
15762-450: The rest of the tournament, and forced coach Aymoré Moreira to make his only lineup change of the tournament. The substitute was Amarildo , who performed well for the rest of the tournament. However, it was Garrincha who would take the leading role and carry Brazil to their second World Cup title, after beating Czechoslovakia at the final in Santiago. At the time, only players who appeared in
15904-481: The second game against Hungary . His coach stated that after the first game he felt "every team will take care of him in the same manner". Brazil lost that game and Pelé, although still recovering, was brought back for the last crucial match against Portugal at Goodison Park in Liverpool by the Brazilian coach Vicente Feola . Feola changed the entire defense, including the goalkeeper, while in midfield he returned to
16046-644: The second teams of Alumni (1–0) and San Isidro (1–0). The final game against San Isidro was played on 8 September at the Ferro Stadium (the oldest stadium still standing in Argentina), and the winning goal was scored by Francisco Viegas. In the league, after playing two more years in the Second Division, in 1911 they were transferred to the newly created Intermediate Division . During the Intermedia season (1911)
16188-438: The semi-finals and met defending champions Peñarol in the finals. Pelé scored twice in the playoff match to secure the first title for a Brazilian club. Pelé finished as the second top scorer of the competition with four goals. That same year, Santos would successfully defend the Campeonato Paulista (with 37 goals from Pelé) and the Taça Brasil (Pelé scoring four goals in the final series against Botafogo). Santos would also win
16330-711: The several sports teams owned by Red Bull GmbH and collectively known as Red Bulls . Other examples of this are the several sports teams owned by Bayer AG and Philips corporations through the Bayer 04 Leverkusen and PSV Eindhoven respectively, that originally were works teams , the teams owned by the Samsung Group ( Samsung Sports ), and the teams owned by the Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG). They may compete in several different sports and leagues, being headquartered in some cases across several countries. In
16472-503: The spot. In addition, futsal allowed him to play with adults when he was about 14 years old. In one of the tournaments he participated in, he was initially considered too young to play, but eventually went on to end up top scorer with 14 or 15 goals. "That gave me a lot of confidence", Pelé said, "I knew then not to be afraid of whatever might come". In 1956, de Brito took Pelé to Santos , an industrial and port city located near São Paulo, to try out for professional club Santos FC , telling
16614-535: The store's most elite workers). They were only allowed to attend as spectators. On 4 August of that year, they met in a bar on Perú Street (just two blocks from the Plaza de Mayo and the Casa Rosada ), there they made the decision to reject an invitation to be part of Atlanta (also founded those days) and proclaimed the creation of the "Independiente Foot-Ball Club", symbolizing their independence ideals. Rosendo Degiorgi
16756-467: The strict stadium rules demanded by the then English-directed AFA, therefore that they registered to compete in the Central Football League. At this championship they faced short-lived teams like Highland Forest, Gutemberg, Presidente Roca, Imperio, Mariano Moreno, General Arenales, La Prensa, Primero de Mayo and others. Among them, the only team that survived over that time is Platense . While
16898-476: The team competed at the Central League, a committee composed by club president Arístides Langone and secretaries Carlos Degiorgi, Antonio Díez, Severo Rodríguez and Juan Darnay was seeking to relocate the club at a new field where they could build a stadium. By recommendation from Juan Irigoyen (secretary and player) they found an available field in Crucecita East , near Dock Sud . Consequently, they began playing
17040-406: The third best team in the history of the Americas , just behind Santos from 1955-1968 and Brazil from 1970. It is also worth noting that Independiente achieved its Copa Libertadores title record after winning its fourth one at the 1973 finals defeating Chilean champions Colo-Colo 2-1 at Estadio Centenario , therefore surpassing Peñarol and Estudiantes three-title record. That same year,
17182-606: The tour was an 8-1 victory over Botafogo. In 1941 they won the Ministry of the Treasury Cup in Paraguay by 4–2 over Cerro Porteño , champions of that country. In 1940 the biggest win in the Clásico de Avellaneda took place, with Independiente defeating Racing 7–0 with braces from Zorrilla, Erico, De la Mata and one from Leguizamón. That same day, the same record had already occurred among
17324-503: The tournament featured major changes to the 1966 squad. Players like Garrincha, Nilton Santos, Valdir Pereira, Djalma Santos, and Gilmar had already retired. However, Brazil's 1970 World Cup squad, which included players like Pelé, Rivellino , Jairzinho, Gérson, Carlos Alberto Torres, Tostão and Clodoaldo , is often considered to be the greatest football team in history. The front five of Jairzinho, Pelé, Gerson, Tostão, and Rivellino together created an attacking momentum, with Pelé having
17466-494: The tournament. Burgnich, who marked Pelé during the final, was quoted saying, "I told myself before the game, he's made of skin and bones just like everyone else – but I was wrong". In terms of his goals and assists throughout the 1970 World Cup, Pelé was directly responsible for 53% of Brazil's goals throughout the tournament. Pelé's last international match was on 18 July 1971 against Yugoslavia in Rio de Janeiro. With Pelé on
17608-521: The two factions involved in the Nigerian Civil War agreed to a 48-hour ceasefire in 1969 so they could watch Pelé play an exhibition game in Lagos . An early source for this story was Ebony magazine in 1975. Santos ended up playing to a 2–2 draw with Lagos side Stationary Stores FC and Pelé scored his team's goals. The civil war went on for one more year after this game. In his autobiography, Pelé
17750-1131: The winning of the 1965 Consular Cup 2–1 on aggregate over Napoli (first in New York and then in Toronto ), beating Greek Panathinaikos (champions of Europe ) 1–0 in Athens in 1972, beating Inter Milan 1–0 in the Estadio Azteca in 1974, tying 2–2 with the famous American team New York Cosmos on their 1985 farewell season, and playing an unofficial club world championship in 1989 against Arsenal (champions of England ), which they lost in Miami 2–1. Sports club Sports clubs range from organisations whose members play together, unpaid, and may play other similar clubs on occasion, watched mostly by family and friends, to large commercial organisations with professional players which have teams that regularly compete against those of other clubs and sometimes attract very large crowds of paying spectators . Clubs may be dedicated to
17892-535: The workers' struggle. The red shirts where accompanied by the club's first red "emblem" (a red seal ), and the acronym continued to be IFBC (until 1914). In 1909 arrived José Buruca Laforia , the club's first "professional" incorporation, with whom Independiente won its first official title as champions of the Bullrich Cup (a second-tier league cup ), beating important teams of the time such as GEBA (4–0), Ferro Carril Oeste (1–0), Estudiantil Porteño (3–2) and
18034-554: The world in tours with Santos. He played in Spain against Real Madrid and Barcelona , in Italy against Juventus , Inter Milan , AC Milan and AS Roma . Pelé travelled to Egypt in 1973, and played with Santos against Al Ahly . This trip was days after his team's trip to Kuwait to play a match against Qadsia . In Kuwait , Pelé met by chance the Egyptian movie star Zubaida Tharwat , who
18176-411: The world. After retiring in 1977, Pelé was a worldwide ambassador for football and made many acting and commercial ventures. In 2010, he was named the honorary president of the New York Cosmos . Pelé averaged almost a goal per game throughout his career and could strike the ball with either foot, as well as being able to anticipate his opponents' movements. While predominantly a striker, he could also be
18318-436: The world. It was built on a large swamp , which had to be dried and filled with tons of stone and earth. The club had to go through repeated attempts by the "racinguist" mayor of Avellaneda, Alberto Barceló, to try to sabotage the construction of the stadium by sending municipal employees to take the material, trying to paralyze the works and, finally, trying to invent a street where the swamp had just been filled in. However,
18460-530: Was a Brazilian professional footballer who played as a forward . Widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time, he was among the most successful and popular sports figures of the 20th century. His 1,279 goals in 1,363 games, which includes friendlies , is recognised as a Guinness World Record . In 1999, he was named Athlete of the Century by the International Olympic Committee and
18602-410: Was compelled by the victory to weep as he was being congratulated by his teammates. He finished the tournament with six goals in four matches played, tied for second place, behind record-breaker Just Fontaine , and was named best young player of the tournament. His impact was arguably greater off the field, with Barney Ronay writing, "With nothing but talent to guide him, the boy from Minas Gerais became
18744-680: Was credited with significantly increasing public awareness and interest of the sport in the US. During his first public appearance in Boston, he was injured by a crowd of fans who had surrounded him and was evacuated on a stretcher. Pelé made his debut for the Cosmos on 15 June 1975 against the Dallas Tornado at Downing Stadium, scoring one goal in a 2–2 draw. Pelé opened the door for many other stars to play in North America. Giorgio Chinaglia followed him to
18886-526: Was eliminated in the first round, playing only three matches. The World Cup was marked, among other things, for brutal fouls on Pelé that left him injured by the Bulgarian and Portuguese defenders. Pelé scored the first goal from a free kick against Bulgaria , becoming the first player to score in three successive FIFA World Cups, but due to his injury, a result of persistent fouling by the Bulgarians, he missed
19028-501: Was founded in 1904 by a group of employees from a luxury fashion store called " A la Ciudad de Londres " (To the City of London), located in the Montserrat neighborhood of the City of Buenos Aires . These employees, the youngest and most affected by precarious work in the store, despite paying the club fee, were marginalized from the 1903-founded team Maipo-Banfield Football Club (made up of
19170-566: Was in Kuwait attending a cinematic event. The two had a couple of photos and he admired her beauty. She said in a television interview about this incident that: she had traveled to Kuwait City in 1973 at the invitation of the Kuwaiti Minister of Culture at the time, and when she went to the hotel where she was going to stay, she was surprised by the presence of many people and flowers inside the hotel, and among these people came to her "Pelé" wearing
19312-663: Was included in the Time list of the 100 most important people of the 20th century . In 2000, Pelé was voted World Player of the Century by the International Federation of Football History & Statistics (IFFHS) and was one of the two joint winners of the FIFA Player of the Century , alongside Diego Maradona . Pelé began playing for Santos at age 15 and the Brazil national team at 16. During his international career, he won three FIFA World Cups : 1958 , 1962 and 1970 ,
19454-426: Was officially founded on 1 January 1905 as Independiente Foot-Ball Club, although the institution had been formed on 4 August 1904. Originally from Monserrat , a neighbourhood of Buenos Aires city, the club moved to Crucecita in 1907 and then to Avellaneda in 1928. The football team achieved promotion to the Argentine Primera División for the first time in 1911 , and has participated there ever since, except for
19596-429: Was part of the first futsal (indoor football) competition in the region. Pelé and his team won the first championship and several others. According to Pelé, futsal (indoor football) presented difficult challenges: he said it was a lot quicker than football on the grass, and that players were required to think faster because everyone is close to each other in the pitch. Pelé credits futsal for helping him think better on
19738-732: Was the guy selling tickets at the stadium's entrance a few minutes before the match started. That day, the Diablos Rojos won the Catalans with a brace from Manuel Seoane and a goal from Canavery and Orsi each, with the Argentine coat of arms sewn on the jersey by initiative of the Argentine President Hipólito Yrigoyen . Independiente was among the 18 clubs that broke from AFA to form the Liga Argentina de Football in 1931 ,
19880-459: Was the last to retire, leading "el Rojo" to become champions in 1948 under the coaching of Fernando Bello , who was the goalkeeper for eleven seasons between 1933 and 1944. Alfredo Di Stéfano ( 2008 ) considered Arsenio Erico " the most extraordinary player " he saw in his life. In 1953 the Avellaneda team made its first tour of Europe, where it debuted at the Bernabéu Stadium achieving
20022-451: Was the one who gave the club its name and was elected as its first president, opening the club's headquarters in his own house . The team's first shirts were white, reused from a Barracas team called Plate United, which ceased to exist in 1903. These shirts featured a blue emblem with white details, very similar to St. Andrew's Athletic Club 's emblem. It is unknown whether this similarity was intentional or coincidental. Fifteen days after
20164-475: Was unsure that there was a ceasefire, but said that there was an increased security presence at the game. Some sources, including Santos's website, say that the ceasefire was instead for the friendly in Benin City , bordering Biafra. Local researchers have not found contemporary reports of any ceasefire. During his time at Santos, Pelé played alongside many gifted players, including Zito , Pepe , and Coutinho ;
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