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47-542: The presence of a strong service sector, many college campuses - including the University of São Paulo and Universidade Estadual Paulista - and the city's location at the junction of three railroads and three highways make Bauru a major urban center of the State of São Paulo. It is the hometown of Marcos César Pontes , the first Brazilian in space. It is also the town where Pelé grew up and learned his football skills. The city

94-493: A million visitors a year – two theaters, a cinema, a TV channel and an orchestra. The University of São Paulo welcomes people from all continents and stimulates this process via networks and consortiums ( International Office – USP ), such as Erasmus Mundus , Associação das Universidades de Língua Portuguesa, and Rede Magalhães (SMILE – Student Mobility in Latin America, Caribbean and Europe), among others. According to ARWU ,

141-931: A sociological American model, while the USP used the French academic world as its primary source of inspiration. Foreign professors such as Claude Lévi-Strauss (France), Fernand Braudel (France), Roger Bastide (France), Robert H. Aubreton (France), Heinrich Rheinboldt (Germany), Paul Arbousse Bastide (France), Jean Magüé (France), Martial Gueroult (France), Emilio Willems (Germany), Donald Pierson (US), Gleb Vassielievich Wataghin ( Russia ), Pierre Monbeig (France), Giacomo Albanese ( Italy ), Luigi Fantappiè (Italy), Vilém Flusser (Czech Republic), Giuseppe Ungaretti (Italy) and Herbert Baldus (Germany), broadcast in various institutions new standards for teaching and research, creating new generations of scientists in Brazil . Since its foundation

188-623: A subject that, according to critics, has always been considered secondary to the university's leaders. Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o Bauru Basketball Team The Associação Bauru Basketball Team , commonly known as Bauru Basquete ( Bauru Basket ), is a Brazilian professional basketball team that is based in Bauru , São Paulo , Brazil . The club plays Brazil's top-tier level league, the Novo Basquete Brasil (NBB). Founded in 1994, Bauru has won two NBB championships, in 2002 and 2016. They also won

235-482: A systematic increase in the total number of graduate vacancies, encouraged by the state government. The gap caused by the removal of teachers and students chased by the military regime was interrupted by the campaign of political amnesty in the early 1980s. Several units of USP celebrated the return of their deposed professors, although many of them were rehired under different conditions (former full professors took new positions as assistant professors). Parallel to

282-614: Is a public research university in the Brazilian state of São Paulo , and the largest public university in Brazil. Since its founding, the university has maintained its status as the country's most prestigious educational institution. The university was founded in 1934, regrouping already existing schools in the state of São Paulo, such as the Law School , the Polytechnic School , and

329-429: Is an online database that allows simultaneous consultation in all university libraries. It is also integrated into a system named Integrated Research, which integrates all online databases signed by the university. This makes academic research faster and provides researchers with easy access to international publications. The University of São Paulo manages a rich set of museums and art galleries , most of them located on

376-771: Is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable). The municipality is home to the professional association football team Esporte Clube Noroeste and Associação Bauru Basketball Team , 2014 Champion of the Liga Sudamericana de Básquetbol and 2015 Champion of the FIBA Americas League . The team plays its home games at the Ginásio Panela de Pressão . Brazilian legend Pelé grew up here. Bauru University of S%C3%A3o Paulo The Universidade de São Paulo (English: University of São Paulo , USP )

423-474: Is served by two airports: the older Comte. João Ribeiro de Barros Airport and the newer Bauru-Arealva Airport , officially known as Moussa Nakhl Tobias Airport, located in the adjoining municipality of Arealva . There are various theories intended to explain the origin of the name Bauru. One was proposed by Ismael Marinho Falcão, an engineer who lived for many years with the Kaingang tribe, which used to inhabit

470-533: Is written and specific to the chosen field of studies, including more in-depth questions in physics, chemistry, and mathematics for engineering; history, math, and geography for law; and so on. In-depth written Portuguese questions are required for all. More recently, students have also been able to access the university by taking the nation-wide high school evaluation test, ENEM, through the Unified Selection System (SISU). Each undergraduate course manages

517-530: The College of Agriculture . The university's foundation in that year was marked by the creation of the Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature , and subsequently new departments. Currently, the university is involved in teaching, research, and university extension in all areas of knowledge, offering a broad range of courses. It has eleven campuses, four of them in the city of São Paulo . The remaining campuses are in

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564-556: The Faculty of Philosophy, Languages and Human Sciences – Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humana s , FFLCH) with the existing Polytechnic School of Engineering (founded in 1893), the Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture ( Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz ) (founded in 1901), the Medical School (founded in 1912), the traditional Law School (founded in 1827), the old School of Pharmacy and Dentistry (founded in 1898),

611-517: The Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), the Institute of Geosciences (IGc), and the Institute of Biosciences (IB) in 1969. During the 1970s and part of the 1980s, some critics believed that the USP underwent an intellectual dissection in terms of knowledge production and the quality of human resources. During the past decades, the university played an essential role in the discussion and dissemination of important political ideas that contributed to

658-730: The NBA clubs, the New York Knicks and the Washington Wizards in the United States , becoming the third Brazilian team to play against NBA teams, after C.R. Vasco da Gama and C.R. Flamengo . In the 2016–17 NBB season , after two consecutive losses in the NBB 's finals, Bauru finally became the Brazilian League champions once again, by winning the title for the first time in 15 years. They won

705-550: The Paraíba Valley ( State of São Paulo 's rural area), with about 1,600 students in total and of these 1,200 at graduation. In 2007, a second Law School was established in the city of Ribeirão Preto , also in the State of São Paulo 's countryside. Today, the USP has five hospitals and offers 247 undergraduate programs and 239 graduate programs in all areas of study. The university houses altogether 24 museums and galleries – with half

752-552: The School of Sociology and Politics in São Paulo). In 1934, the intervenor of São Paulo (which corresponded to the governor), Armando de Sales Oliveira, founded the University of São Paulo (USP). That was one of the efforts to provide Brazil with modern administrative, educational, and military institutions in a period known as "search for alternatives". One of the main initiatives included

799-519: The Americas League victory, the team would then play in the 2015 FIBA Intercontinental Cup , against the EuroLeague 's 2014–15 season champions, Real Madrid . Bauru Basket has also won three São Paulo State Championships . Bauru reached even bigger heights, when it was announced that the team would be a part of the 2015–16 NBA preseason 's international versus NBA games . Bauru played against

846-554: The Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences (founded in 1886), and the School of Veterinary Medicine (founded in 1919). The FFCL emerged as the integrating element of the university, bringing together courses in various areas of knowledge. Also, in 1934, the School of Physical Education (sports science) of the State of São Paulo was created, the first civil school of physical education in Brazil, which would later be part of

893-505: The NBB's fourth season ( 2011–12 ), Taylor, helped by the young player Gui Deodato , the experienced Fernando Fischer , and another American, Jeff Agba , led the team to a sixth place finish in the league. Bauru won its first FIBA Americas League championship, as they won the 2015 FIBA Americas League . The club was thus crowned the Latin American champions for the first time. Because of

940-540: The USP is among Brazil's largest research institutions, producing more than 25% of the scientific papers published by Brazilian researchers in high-quality conferences and journals. After its defeat in the Constitutionalist Revolution , São Paulo needed institutional improvements. Therefore, in 1933, a group of businessmen founded the Free School of Sociology and Politics (ELSP) (the current Foundation of

987-519: The USP received professors and researchers from all over the world, such as David Bohm (US), Giuseppe Occhialini (Italy), François Châtelet (France), Anatol Rosenfeld (Germany), Helmi Nasr (Egypt), Gérard Lebrun (France), Fritz Köberle ( Austria ), Alexander Grothendieck (France), and Heinz Dieter Heidemann (Germany). The University of São Paulo is the result of a combination of the newly founded School of Philosophy, Sciences and Languages (Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, FFCL, currently

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1034-475: The USP was classified in first place regarding the number of doctorates awarded during 2011. USP is ranked among the top 70 universities in the world, in the Ranking "Top Universities by Reputation 2013" published by Times Higher Education . According to the 2013 Academic Ranking of World Universities , the USP is placed in the group of the 101–151 top world universities. According to the 2020 CWTS Leiden Ranking ,

1081-602: The University of São Paulo is ranked 7th in the world. In the 2024 QS World University Rankings , the University of São Paulo ranked 85th in the world and is ranked 1st in Latin America. As of 2021, the University of São Paulo is the first Latin American institution in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings to be ranked at 201-250th. The USP operates four hospitals, among them University of São Paulo Medical School Public Hospital ,

1128-541: The central campus in the city of São Paulo: Brazilian students take the USP's entrance exam, the vestibular , which is prepared and administered by FUVEST (University Foundation for Vestibular), subject to regulations approved by the university's Undergraduate Studies Council. In 2012, 159,603 students signed up for Fuvest's vestibular for 10,982 openings. Candidates must take a multiple-choice test involving chemistry, physics, mathematics, biology, geography, history, Portuguese, and English. The second round of tests

1175-589: The cities of Bauru , Lorena , Piracicaba , Pirassununga , Ribeirão Preto and two in São Carlos . University of São Paulo alumni and faculty include past or present 13 Brazilian presidents , numerous Nobel nominees , members of the National Congress , founders and executives of notable Brazilian companies, as has been alma mater for numerous alums of important positions in Brazilian society. Regarding research,

1222-468: The continental championship once when they won the FIBA Americas League in 2015 . Bauru was the runner-up in the 2015 FIBA Intercontinental Cup . The team plays its home games in the Ginásio Panela de Pressão, which has capacity for 2,000 people. Bauru is known for being the second club of Leandrinho Barbosa . Bauru was the second team of the Brazilian shooting guard Leandrinho Barbosa . Barbosa

1269-410: The courses, which often results in a considered excessive fragmentation of teaching and research and the disconnection between the knowledge produced in each of the units. Each unit is divided into departments. A department is usually responsible for one of the courses offered by the unit or for a specific search line. In the case of units with only one or two courses, departments are not responsible for

1316-569: The current center of Bauru, the Fazenda das Flores ( Farm of Flowers ). Years later, in 1884, this farm (also called Campos Novos de Bauru) have spun off part of its area for the training camp of the São Sebastião de Bauru. The district has progressed, even being subject to attacks of native Kaingang and relatively isolated from the rest of the state and became district of Agudos on 1888. The arrival of migrants from eastern São Paulo and Minas Gerais led to

1363-421: The democratization of the country, bringing together many leftist intellectuals (such as Florestan Fernandes , Boris Fausto, Paul Singer, Antonio Candido , Gioconda Mussolini among others). During the Brazilian dictatorship , a large number of professors from the USP were persecuted and even tortured – many were forced to leave the country. This slowed down scientific production in Brazil. It also promoted

1410-679: The edges of the Batalha River were called. Historically, the region occupied by Bauru was a disputed territory between two Indigenous groups: the Kaingang and the Guaraní. In the eighteenth century, ethnic Brazilian pioneers attempted to settle in São Paulo region, which was a crossing point of the monções (river expeditions) that went through Mato Grosso and Goiás , but they were prevented by local natives' attacks. The non-Indians only managed to settle in

1457-451: The emancipation of the city on August 1, 1896. The new municipality at first lived from the cultivation of coffee, despite having weaker and infertile lands than the rest of the state. In 1905, Bauru was chosen as the starting point of the Estrada de Ferro Noroeste do Brasil , which linked by rail , Bauru to Corumbá , Mato Grosso do Sul , near the border with Bolivia. During the first half of

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1504-495: The entire course but for a part of it. Due to the aforementioned fragmentation and decentralization of the university, it is common to see departments with similar profiles in different units, which raises criticism as to the effectiveness of public investments and duplication of efforts. The administrative structure of the USP has in the Rectory its central organ, as well as in the Rector

1551-499: The founding, that same year, of the University of São Paulo. Its nucleus was the School of Philosophy, Sciences, and Languages, with professors from France, Italy, Spain, Germany, and other European countries. The ELSP assumed the goal of administrative elites to form a new model in which they noted an increasing role of the state. At the same time, the USP focused on training teachers for secondary schools, experts in sciences, engineers, lawyers, physicians, and professors. The ELSP followed

1598-607: The headquarters of some of its units to the City University Armando de Salles Oliveira , in São Paulo. In 1963, the Heart Institute of the University of São Paulo was founded. After that, new institutes and schools were created, for instance, the School of Journalism, Communications and Arts (ECA) in 1966. Over the years, some of the university's old departments were transformed into autonomous faculties or institutes, such as

1645-577: The largest hospital complex in Latin America and the major teaching and training site for the university's Faculty of Medicine, which is highly ranked within Latin America . All of them are: The USP has 42 libraries managed by the Integrated Library System ( SIB – Sistema Integrado de Bibliotecas in Portuguese), which is also responsible for the university's online system, DEDALUS. Dedalus

1692-456: The main figure of the university. Subordinated to the Rectory are the four Pro-Rectorates, specialized agencies in each of the university's fields of activity: Pro-Rectorate (PRG), Post-Graduation Pro-Rectorate (PRPG), Pro-Rectory of Research (PRP) and Pro-Rectory of Culture and Extension (PRC). In recent years, there has been discussion about creating a Pro-Rectorate for Student Assistance,

1739-587: The region in the nineteenth century with the coming of the population coming from São Paulo's coast as well the states of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro . After 1850, in search of new land for occupation and colonization, pioneers from São Paulo and Minas Gerais began to explore the vast region between the Serra de Botucatu , Tietê River , Paranapanema River and Paraná River , until then inhabited by Kaingang indigenous groups. In 1856, Felicissimo Antonio Pereira, coming from Minas Gerais, purchased land and settled, near

1786-465: The region. According to him, the region was called ubaurú because of the abundance of a herbaceous plant called ubá , used for hampers and wicker baskets, and urú , a ground bird related to the chicken. Others think that the name comes from mbai-yuru , meaning 'waterfall' or 'river in strong declivity'; or ybá or uru , 'basket of fruits' in Old Tupi ; or even bauruz , as the natives who inhabited

1833-526: The resulting intellectual emptiness of political repression in the 1960s-80s, academic units were fragmented; new faculties and institutes were created, resulting in new courses, new lines of research, and graduate programs . Originally conceived as the university's academic core – gathering itself the various fields of knowledge – the FFCL ( School of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters ) saw its departments gain autonomy and become separate units. The Institute of Physics

1880-414: The state of São Paulo. The USP corresponds to the idea of "university" as a set of autonomous schools, institutes, and colleges, each responsible for one area of knowledge (the aforementioned thirty-six teaching, research, and extension). Like most Brazilian universities, it grants autonomy to its teaching, research, and extension units regarding the didactic organization and curricular definition of each of

1927-521: The title, after coming back from a 2-0 series deficit, to beat C.A. Paulistano , in a 5 games series. Bauru's Alex Garcia , was named the NBB Finals MVP . Note: Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA -sanctioned events. Players may hold other non-FIBA nationalities not displayed. Note: Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA -sanctioned events. Players may hold other non-FIBA nationalities not displayed. To appear in this section

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1974-453: The twentieth century, Bauru becomes the main economic hub of the region comprised by west São Paulo, northern Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul. In telecommunications, the city was served by Companhia Telefônica Brasileira until 1973, when it began to be served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo . In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company

2021-426: The university. In 1944, the Medical School opened its public hospital ( Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo ). The School of Engineering of Sao Carlos (EESC) emerged in the same year. In subsequent years, several other research units were also created, such as a second Medical School located in the city of Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo's inland) in 1952. In the 1960s, the university gradually transferred

2068-430: The vacancies available for each admission process. International students may come through several exchange programs. In 2012, the USP hosted over 2,300 exchange students. Roughly a third of the international students are enrolled in humanities and social sciences, with another third in engineering courses. The USP does not require its students, national or foreign, to pay any tuition, as its source of funding comes from

2115-510: Was an important player during the previous top-tier level Nacional Championship, in 2002. In that year, Bauru won the championship title, after winning a series against Araraquara . Barbosa and his teammates Marquinhos Vieira , Murilo Becker , Vanderlei, and others, won the series by a 3–0 score. In the new Brazilian top-tier league, the NBB 's first season ( 2008–09 ), Bauru signed the American Brazilian point guard Larry Taylor . In

2162-453: Was built in the East Zone of the city of São Paulo a new School of Arts, Sciences, and Humanities (EACH), taking a few courses that go beyond the traditional Brazilian university model and aim to diversify the areas of the consolidated institution. [22] On 21 March 2006, the USP approved the merger of a second School of Chemical Engineering (FAENQUIL) in the city of Lorena (rural area), at

2209-451: Was the first department to extricate itself from the old FFCL, followed by other natural science departments. In 2004, the university founded the Institute of International Relations to study global matters in a multidisciplinary environment (law, political science, economy, and history) with Brazilian and international students and professors ( International Exchange Program ). In 2005, it

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