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171-779: (Redirected from Christian Scientist ) This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources . Part of a series of articles on Christian Science [REDACTED] People Mary Baker Eddy Adam H. Dickey Calvin Frye Irving C. Tomlinson Virginia Harris Bliss Knapp List of Christian Scientists Publications Christian Science Hymnal Christian Science Quarterly Christian Science Sentinel Manual of The Mother Church Prose Works Science and Health with Key to

342-1081: A Christian Science practitioner and active promoter Michael Nesmith (1942-2021) – member of The Monkees , Ruth Barret Phelps (1899-1980) – theater and church organist, later organist at the Mother Church Sergei Prokofiev (1891-1953) – Russian Soviet composer, pianist and conductor Sports [ edit ] Athletes/sportspeople [ edit ] Harold Bradley Jr. (1929-2021), Football player, actor, singer, and visual artist Adin Brown – U.S. association football player Rowland George (1905–1997), Olympic rower; oldest surviving British Olympic gold medalist upon his death. Nile Kinnick (1918-1943) – American college football player and Heisman Trophy winner Shannon Miller – American gymnast Harry Porter (1882-1965) – Olympic gold medalist high jumper George Sisler (1893-1973) – baseball player Tommy Vardell – American football player Aaron Goldsmith - Sports Commentator for

513-504: A 24-hour news channel, which closed with heavy losses after 13 months. The church also publishes the weekly Christian Science Sentinel , the monthly Christian Science Journal , and the Herald of Christian Science , a non-English publication. In April 2012 JSH-Online made back issues of the Journal , Sentinel and Herald available online to subscribers. Roy M. Anker, 1999: "Mary Baker Eddy,

684-471: A Christian Scientist even though he doesn’t subscribe to all of their beliefs. ^ read scripture to a congregation in New Mexico ^ in 1934, she published Why Not Try God? , a booklet touting Christian Science ^ converted to the faith and mentioned it often ^ also believed in reincarnation; there are disputed claims she embraced some Taoist principles ^ founded

855-521: A Christian Scientist, Albert Einstein studied Science and Health , supported many of its conclusions, and admired Eddy. Biographer Robert Peel called Einstein's interest in the religion "slight but recurrent." There are several first-hand accounts of Einstein visiting Christian Science churches and reading rooms in New York City and New Jersey in the 1950s. In his biography of Einstein, Walter Isaacson notes that Hans Albert , Einstein's son, became

1026-510: A Christian Scientist. The Christian Science Publishing Society publishes several periodicals, including the Christian Science Monitor , winner of seven Pulitzer Prizes between 1950 and 2002. This had a daily circulation in 1970 of 220,000, which by 2008 had contracted to 52,000. In 2009 it moved to a largely online presence with a weekly print run. In the 1980s the church produced its own television programs, and in 1991 it founded

1197-420: A Dr. Bill Cayhand in cases of more severe medical problems ^ converted from Catholicism ^ there is some evidence that she saw it solely as a philosophy later in her life, not as a religion ^ discussed in pages 368–74 of her unfinished autobiography ^ raised Christian Scientist, identifies as such, but non-practicing ^ Raised in the faith, still considers himself

1368-620: A book . Another extended criticism, which again was first serialized in a magazine and then published in book form, was Georgine Milmine and Willa Cather 's The Life of Mary Baker G. Eddy and the History of Christian Science which first appeared in McClure's magazine in January 1907. Also in 1907, several of Eddy's relatives filed an unsuccessful lawsuit instigated by the New York World , known in

1539-603: A charter by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1879 to found the "Church of Christ (Scientist)"; the church would be reorganized under the name "Church of Christ, Scientist" in 1892. The Mother Church , The First Church of Christ, Scientist , was built in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1894. Known as the "thinker's religion," Christian Science became the fastest growing religion in the United States, with nearly 270,000 members by 1936 —

1710-485: A child and says she felt "left out" ^ his parents were Jewish converts to Christian Science, it’s unclear if he remained in the religion ^ had Christian Scientist parents; became a member of the Dominican Order for 18 years ^ abandoned the faith in favor of agnosticism and then Neopaganism ^ Considers himself an atheist now, but says there are "good things" he took away from

1881-558: A church spokesperson, told the New England Journal of Medicine in 1983 that church members were free to choose medical care, but according to former Christian Scientists those who do may be ostracized . In 2010 the New York Times reported church leaders as saying that, for over a year, they had been "encouraging members to see a physician if they feel it is necessary", and that they were repositioning Christian Science prayer as

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2052-411: A devotee of writings by Christian Science founder Mary Baker Eddy, he is no longer a churchgoer. ^ "The religion of Cornelius Bumpus, musician" . www.adherents.com . Archived from the original on 11 February 2006 . Retrieved 25 January 2022 . ^ "NFO" . Archived from the original on 2012-06-16 . Retrieved 2006-10-16 . ^ "Boston Globe" . Archived from

2223-533: A few cases Christian Scientists were expelled from Christian congregations, but ministers also worried that their parishioners were choosing to leave. In May 1885 the London Times ' Boston correspondent wrote about the "Boston mind-cure craze": "Scores of the most valued Church members are joining the Christian Scientist branch of the metaphysical organization, and it has thus far been impossible to check

2394-418: A figure which had declined to just over 100,000 by 1990 and reportedly to under 50,000 by 2009. The church is known for its newspaper, The Christian Science Monitor , which won seven Pulitzer Prizes between 1950 and 2002, and for its public Reading Rooms around the world. Christian Science's religious tenets differ considerably from many other Christian denominations , including key concepts such as

2565-532: A film and broadcast division for the Christian Science church, though he later was critical of the church as an organization ^ Although he doesn't study and rarely goes to church, said in interviews it "stays with me" and is "part of my thought process." ^ Interviewed in the Christian Science Sentinel shortly after being hired by M.I.T. ^ Also served as President of

2736-591: A major paper to head a Washington news bureau, co-founder of the Women's National Press Club. Marjorie Shuler (1888-1977) – suffragist, author, adventurer, publicist, journalist, longtime writer for the Christian Science Monitor . Daughter of famous suffragist Nettie Rogers Shuler . Exploration, invention, and science [ edit ] Neil Kensington Adam (1891-1973) – British chemist Edmund F. Burton (1862-1921) – physician who left medicine for

2907-554: A member of the Christian family—as all the leading clerics of the time repeatedly and vociferously pointed out. However, unlike Madame Blavatsky's Theosophical Society, and like the Mormons, Christian Science retained an immense amount of Christian culture. These continuities allowed converts from a Christian background to preserve a great deal of cultural capital." Eddy, January 1901: "I should blush to write of Science and Health with Key to

3078-469: A number of years (the church there is now called Cadogan Hall ) ^ Was a reader in the Christian Science Church in the early 1970s ^ put on trial for practicing Christian Science healing without a medical license ^ joined it as well as various other faiths ^ wrote hymns for the faith and later became a Christian Science practitioner ^ did see

3249-446: A personal god, and no set words. Caroline Fraser wrote in 1999 that the practitioner might repeat: "the allness of God using Eddy's seven synonyms—Life, Truth, Love, Spirit, Soul, Principle and Mind," then that "Spirit, Substance, is the only Mind, and man is its image and likeness; that Mind is intelligence; that Spirit is substance; that Love is wholeness; that Life, Truth, and Love are the only reality." She might deny other religions,

3420-542: A state of consciousness where these things do not exist. What heals is the realization that there is nothing really to heal." It is a closed system of thought, viewed as infallible if performed correctly; healing confirms the power of Truth, but its absence derives from the failure, specifically the bad thoughts, of individuals. Eddy accepted as true the creation narrative in the Book of Genesis up to chapter 2, verse 6—that God created man in his image and likeness—but she rejected

3591-521: A summer resort near her for such a purpose." The Church of Christ, Scientist is a lay church which has no ordained clergy or rituals, and performs no baptisms; with clergy of other faiths often performing marriage or funeral services since they have no clergy of their own. Its main religious texts are the Bible and Science and Health . Each church has two Readers , who read aloud a "Bible lesson" or "lesson sermon" made up of selections from those texts during

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3762-471: A supplement to medical care, rather than a substitute. The church has lobbied to have the work of Christian Science practitioners covered by insurance. As of 2015, it was reported that Christian Scientists in Australia were not advising anyone against vaccines, and the religious exception was deemed "no longer current or necessary". In 2021, a church Committee on Publication reiterated that although vaccination

3933-507: A unique and final revelation . Eddy's idea of malicious animal magnetism (that people can be harmed by the bad thoughts of others) marked another distinction, introducing an element of fear that was absent from the New Thought literature. Most significantly, she dismissed the material world as an illusion, rather than as merely subordinate to Mind, leading her to reject the use of medicine, or materia medica , and making Christian Science

4104-519: A young person he entered Waterville College to become a minister in the Calvinistic Baptist Church . In 1860, while still in college, Dresser became sick and went to see Quimby for his reputed healing power. He was healed, and became an advocate of Quimby's practice, which he called the "Quimby System of Mental Treatment of Diseases". In 1863, Dresser met Annetta Seabury at Quimby's office. They married in 1863. Their first son, Horatio ,

4275-545: Is Hollywood Really Like?" . March 4, 1922. Archived from the original on 28 November 2006 . Retrieved 19 January 2022 . ^ "antoinetteperry.com – Home" . Archived from the original on 2012-03-19 . Retrieved 2012-01-10 . ^ Nassour, Ellis. "How the Tonys Got Their Name" . Archived from the original on 10 May 2007 . Retrieved 19 January 2022 . ^ "The religion of Ginger Rogers, actress" . www.adherents.com . Archived from

4446-538: Is a Legal Duty Commonwealth v. Twitchell Emergence International Legal cases Salem witchcraft trial (1878) Beliefs and practices The Absolute Animal magnetism Avoidance of materia medica Contemplative prayer Efficacy of prayer Idealism Nontrinitarianism Restorationism Resurrection of Jesus Scientific statement of being Related Claremont Fan Court School Cross and Crown Eschatology Freedom of religion in

4617-442: Is a mental error rather than physical disorder, and that the sick should be treated not by medicine but by a form of prayer that seeks to correct the beliefs responsible for the illusion of ill health. The church does not require that Christian Scientists avoid medical care—adherents use dentists, optometrists, obstetricians, physicians for broken bones, and vaccination when required by law—but maintains that Christian Science prayer

4788-455: Is also a children's fountain and a 690 ft × 100 ft (210 m × 30 m) reflecting pool . Eddy's Manual of The Mother Church (first published 1895) lists the church's by-laws . Requirements for members include daily prayer and daily study of the Bible and Science and Health . Members must subscribe to church periodicals if they can afford to, and pay an annual tax to

4959-543: Is different from Wikidata Dynamic lists Christian Science Christian Science is a set of beliefs and practices which are associated with members of the Church of Christ, Scientist . Adherents are commonly known as Christian Scientists or students of Christian Science, and the church is sometimes informally known as the Christian Science church. It was founded in 1879 in New England by Mary Baker Eddy , who wrote

5130-548: Is especially noted for its international reporting and lack of partisanship. [A]ll healing is a metaphysical process. That means that there is no person to be healed, no material body, no patient, no matter, no illness, no one to heal, no substance, no person, no thing and no place that needs to be influenced. This is what the practitioner must first be clear about. Christian Scientists avoid almost all medical treatment, relying instead on Christian Science prayer. This consists of silently arguing with oneself; there are no appeals to

5301-545: Is in the public domain . ^ Wilson, James Grant; Fiske, John (1926). Appleton's Cyclopædia of American Biography . Vol. 7. D. Appleton. pp. 299–304. [REDACTED] This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain . ^ "Christian Science Association of the Pupils of Godfrey John, C.S.B" . Archived from the original on 2013-09-06 . Retrieved 2012-03-16 . ^ "Poetry of Godfrey John" . Archived from

List of Christian Scientists (religious denomination) - Misplaced Pages Continue

5472-753: Is mentioned in Karen J Musolf's From Plymouth to Parliament (1999) ^ Became a Christian Science practitioner after retiring from politics. ^ Milwaukee Sentinel mentioned how Wisconsin's Christian Scientists "finally got their prayers answered" by his election ^ an early, possibly the earliest, example of a Christian Scientist in the US Senate ^ Described as "a Christian Scientist who neither smokes nor drinks" ^ The 7th Earl and Countess of Dunmore were both early teachers of Christian Science, as were two of their daughters. Their son Alexander Murray, also known as Lord Fincastle or

5643-422: Is most effective when not combined with medicine. The reliance on prayer and avoidance of medical treatment has been blamed for the deaths of several adherents and their children. Between the 1880s and 1990s, parents and others were prosecuted for, and in a few cases convicted of, manslaughter or neglect . Several periods of Protestant Christian revival nurtured a proliferation of new religious movements in

5814-448: Is not clear exactly when the height of the movement was. A 1936 census counted c. 268,915 Christian Scientists in the United States (2,098 per million), and Rodney Stark believes this to be close to the height. However the number of Christian Science churches continued to increase until around 1960, at which point there was a reversal and since then many churches have closed their doors. The number of Christian Science practitioners in

5985-606: Is pure and perfect and beautiful, and her history without stain or blot or blemish. But that does not settle it. Mary Baker Eddy was born Mary Morse Baker on a farm in Bow, New Hampshire , the youngest of six children in a religious family of Protestant Congregationalists . In common with most women at the time, Eddy was given little formal education, but read widely at home and was privately tutored. From childhood she lived with protracted ill health. Eddy's first husband died six months after their marriage and three months before their son

6156-730: The Christian Science Monitor , also the last Resident Commissioner of the Northern Mariana Islands Kay Fanning (1927-2000) – editor of the Anchorage Daily News and Christian Science Monitor , first woman to edit an American national newspaper. Harold Frederic (1856-1898) – journalist and novelist Virginia Graham (1910–1993) – English humourist John Hughes (editor) – American journalist, former editor of The Christian Science Monitor and The Deseret News Edward J. Meeman (1889-1966) – American journalist Cora Rigby (1865-1930) – first woman at

6327-560: The Christian Science Sentinel in 1898, The Herald of Christian Science in 1903, and The Christian Science Monitor in 1908, the latter being a secular newspaper. The Monitor has gone on to win seven Pulitzer prizes as of 2011. She also wrote numerous books and articles in addition to Science and Health , including the Manual of The Mother Church which contained by-laws for church government and member activity, and founded

6498-701: The Altria Theater Authors [ edit ] Richard Bach – author of Jonathon Livingston Seagull Andrew Clements (1949-2019) – American author of children's books, including Frindle Willis Vernon Cole (1882-1939) – American poet and author, Christian Science practitioner tried for practising medicine Sibyl Marvin Huse (1866-1939) — American author of religious books and teacher/Reader of Christian Science Godfrey John (d. about 2003) – Welsh poet and Christian Science teacher William D. McCrackan (1864-1923) – writer, author of The Rise of

6669-773: The Christian Science Journal as a practitioner in 1911 - Singer Pearl Bailey , Jazz Percussionist Lionel Hampton , Conductor Everett Lee , and Actor Alfre Woodard . A conspicuous event was the death in June 1937 of actress Jean Harlow , who died of kidney failure at age 26. Her mother, known as Mama Jean, was a recent convert to Christian Science and did on at least two occasions attempt to block conventional medical treatment for her daughter. Fellow actors and studio executives intervened, and Harlow received medical treatment, although in 1937, nothing could be done for kidney failure and she perished. Though never identifying as

6840-689: The Christian Science Publishing Society building (1934)—which houses the Mary Baker Eddy Library and the church's administrative staff—the Sunday School building (1971), and the Church Colonnade building (1972). It also includes the 26-story Administration Building (1972), designed by Araldo Cossutta of I. M. Pei & Associates , which until 2008 housed the administrative staff from the church's 15 departments. There

7011-475: The Christian Science Publishing Society in 1898 in order to distribute Christian Science literature. Although the movement started in Boston, the first purpose-built Christian Science church building was erected in 1886 in Oconto, Wisconsin . During Eddy's lifetime, Christian Science spread throughout the United States and to other parts of the world including Canada, Great Britain, Germany, South Africa, Hong Kong,

List of Christian Scientists (religious denomination) - Misplaced Pages Continue

7182-966: The Seattle Mariners and Fox College Hoops Intellectual life [ edit ] Education and academia [ edit ] Iris Mack – mathematician, first black female professor in applied mathematics at M.I.T. Mary Kimball Morgan (1861–1948) – American educator and the founder of Principia College, a Christian Science college Robert Peel (historian) (1909-1992) – historian and church worker, best known for his three-volume biography of Mary Baker Eddy David E. Sweet (1933–1984) – founding president of Metropolitan State University and later president of Rhode Island College George B. Thomas (1914–2006) - American mathematician and professor of mathematics at MIT. Journalism [ edit ] Richard Bergenheim (1948-2008) – American journalist and editor Erwin Canham (1904-1982) – editor of

7353-500: The Trinity , the divinity of Jesus , atonement , the resurrection , and the Eucharist . Eddy, for her part, described Christian Science as a return to "primitive Christianity and its lost element of healing". Adherents subscribe to a radical form of philosophical idealism , believing that reality is purely spiritual and the material world an illusion. This includes the view that disease

7524-572: The Wayback Machine ^ "News from California, the nation and world" . Los Angeles Times . 9 November 1994 . Retrieved 19 January 2022 . ^ Scientific Christianity and the strength to go the distance Archived 2021-10-28 at the Wayback Machine CS Sentinel. August 31, 1987 ^ "Dr. David E. Sweet, 51, Dies; Head of Rhode Island College" . The New York Times . 18 September 1984. Archived from

7695-527: The Wayback Machine ^ "The Washington Post" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 2016-03-04 . Retrieved 2017-09-03 . ^ "Famous Christian Scientists" . www.adherents.com . Archived from the original on 18 August 2000 . Retrieved 25 January 2022 . ^ Schultz, Rima Lunin; Hast, Adele, eds. (2001). Women building Chicago 1790-1990 . Indiana University Press. p. 69. ISBN   978-0-253-33852-5 . ^ "GWU" . Archived from

7866-462: The Wayback Machine ^ Spoto, Donald (2001). Marilyn Monroe: The Biography . Cooper Square Press. 68–69. ^ "The enduring V. S. Pritchett" . Archived from the original on 2006-07-13. ^ Connecticut Post ^ Barber, Lynn (24 February 2002). "The Observer" . Archived from the original on 2006-06-14 . Retrieved 2006-10-05 . ^ [6] ^ "Biography" . 7 June 2020. Archived from

8037-552: The Wayback Machine Deccan Herald (March 18, 2004). Retrieved June 17, 2013 ^ Obit Eagle Tribune obit , Time Magazine , SPACE.com Facebook Q&A: 10 Alan Shepard Questions for Biographer Neal Thompson Archived 2017-10-13 at the Wayback Machine ^ Mills, W. Gordon (30 June 1992). Legends of the Mississaugas . Dundurn. pp. 8–. ISBN   978-0-9695729-0-9 . Archived from

8208-590: The Wayback Machine Longyear.org ^ "PBS" . PBS . Archived from the original on 2021-10-28 . Retrieved 2017-09-03 . ^ McLean, Bethany (2004-09-06). "Inside The Money Machine" . Fortune . 150 (5). Archived from the original on 2018-11-12. ^ "Forbes" . Forbes . Archived from the original on 2007-08-12 . Retrieved 2017-09-03 . ^ John, Hart (September–October 1992). "The News for God's Sake" . Columbia Journalism Review . Archived from

8379-548: The Wayback Machine June 1, 2020 ^ Preven, Eric. "Hopelessness...Watching the Zeros" . CityWatch Los Angeles . ^ Duhigg, Charles (2011-08-09). "Charles Wyly Dies at 77; Amassed Fortune With Brother" . The New York Times . ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2023-02-26 . ^ "Samuel Wyly" . Forbes . Retrieved 2023-02-26 . ^ "Guggenheim Collection" . Archived from

8550-591: The Wayback Machine . The New York Times . Roy M. Anker, "Revivalism, Religious Experience and the Birth of Mental Healing", Self-help and Popular Religion in Early American Culture: An Interpretive Guide , Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Company, 1999(a), (pp. 11–100), pp. 8, 176ff. Julius Dresser Julius Dresser was born February 12, 1838, in Portland, Maine . As

8721-495: The 1875 book Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures , which outlined the theology of Christian Science. The book was originally called Science and Health ; the subtitle with a Key to the Scriptures was added in 1883 and later amended to with Key to the Scriptures . The book became Christian Science's central text, along with the Bible , and by 2001 had sold over nine million copies. Eddy and 26 followers were granted

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8892-417: The 1883 edition, she added "with a Key to the Scriptures" to the title and included a glossary that redefined the Christian vocabulary. At the core of Eddy's theology is the view that the spiritual world is the only reality and is entirely good, and that the material world, with its evil, sickness and death, is an illusion. Eddy saw humanity as an "idea of Mind" that is "perfect, eternal, unlimited, and reflects

9063-538: The 8th Earl of Dunmore, was actively involved in the church. ^ mentioned in a Salon article ^ Served as First Reader at First Church of Christ, Scientist, San Francisco. ^ Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures is said to have been very important to him and his art ^ taught at the Christian Science Sunday School in Sloane Square , London, UK, for

9234-636: The Bible as [their] sufficient guide to eternal Life ... acknowledge and adore one supreme and infinite God ... [and] acknowledge His Son, one Christ; the Holy Ghost or divine Comforter; and man in God's image and likeness." When founding the Church of Christ, Scientist, in April 1879, Eddy wrote that she wanted to "reinstate primitive Christianity and its lost element of healing". Later she suggested that Christian Science

9405-485: The British politician Victor Cazalet , was also a member of the church. Actor Anne Archer was raised within Christian Science; she left the church when her son, Tommy Davis , was a child, and both became prominent in the Church of Scientology . Four prominent African American entertainers have been associated with Christian Science, influenced by Marietta T. Webb , who became one of the first African Americans listed in

9576-431: The Christian Science response" . Mary Baker Eddy Library . Retrieved 2023-02-12 . ^ Time Magazine obituary ^ "The Atlantic Online" . The Atlantic . Archived from the original on 2010-01-04 . Retrieved 2017-03-08 . ^ The Earl of Dunmore, C.S.B. Archived 2020-10-01 at the Wayback Machine Longyear.org ^ The Countess of Dunmore, C.S.B. Archived 2020-10-01 at

9747-454: The Doobie Bros. and Steely Dan Blanche Calloway (1902-1978) – bandleader; Cab Calloway 's sister Alberta Neiswanger Hall (1870-1956) – composer of children's songs and composed musical settings for The Songs of Father Goose Lionel Hampton (1908-2002) – jazz musician Bruce Hornsby – rock musician Kay Kyser (1905-1985) – American bandleader and radio personality, later

9918-817: The Field Jean Stapleton (1923-2013) – actress, best known for playing Edith Bunker W. S. Van Dyke (1889-1943) – director of films, including The Thin Man King Vidor (1889-1982) – director, producer, and screenwriter who won an Academy Honorary Award Anna May Wong (1905-1961) – American actress, considered to be the first Chinese American Hollywood movie star Alfre Woodard – actress who won awards for roles in Miss Evers' Boys , Radio , Memphis Beat Alan Young (1919-2016) – English–American actor Musicians [ edit ] Cornelius Bumpus (1945-2004) – jazz musician, member of

10089-838: The First Church of Christ Scientist at 2201 Monument Ave. in the 1930s. ^ "Washington Post" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 2020-11-01 . Retrieved 2020-09-23 . ^ "Get to Know ... Author Andrew Clements" . September 2005. Archived from the original on 2019-12-18 . Retrieved 2019-12-18 . ^ The New York Times, January 27, 1911: “Science Healers to Fight Test Case” ^ The New York Times, New York NY, October 4, 1916: "Annuls Conviction of W.V. Cole, Healer" ^ The Biographical Cyclopaedia of American Women ... Vol. 2. Halvord Publishing Company. 1925. pp. 91–95 . Retrieved 30 October 2022 . [REDACTED] This article incorporates text from this source, which

10260-463: The History of Christian Science (Milmine and Cather, 1909) Mary Baker Eddy: The Truth and the Tradition (Bates and Dittemore, 1932) Christian Science Today: Power, Policy, Practice (Braden, 1958) The Destiny of The Mother Church (Knapp, 1991) God's Perfect Child: Living and Dying in the Christian Science Church (Fraser, 1999) Groups Children's Healthcare

10431-642: The History of Christian Science , 1909) Children's Healthcare is a Legal Duty Edwin Franden Dakin Horatio Dresser Julius Dresser Caroline Fraser Martin Gardner Gillian Gill Bliss Knapp ( The Destiny of The Mother Church , 1991) Robert Peel Lyman Pierson Powell Mark Twain ( Christian Science , 1907) Sibyl Wilbur Related topics Absolute (philosophy) Efficacy of prayer Eschatology Freedom of religion in

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10602-447: The Knapp book controversy, there was controversy within the church involving The Monitor Channel , part of The Christian Science Monitor which had been losing money, and which eventually led to the channel shutting down. Acknowledging their earlier mistake, of accepting a multi-million dollar publishing incentive to offset broadcasting losses, The Christian Science Board Of Directors, with

10773-1397: The Lone Ranger Joan Crawford (190?-1977) – American film and television actress Doris Day (1922-2019) – American actress, singer, and animal welfare activist Colleen Dewhurst (1924-1991) – Canadian-American actress Robert Duvall – American actor Georgia Engel (1948-2019) – American film, television, and stage actress Horton Foote (1916-2009) – playwright and screenwriter Kelsey Grammer – actor Charlotte Greenwood (1890-1977) – actress and dancer Joyce Grenfell (1910-1979) – English comedian, singer, actress, monologist, scriptwriter and producer Corinne Griffith (1894-1979) – American actress, producer, author and businesswoman Lionel Hampton – Jazz percussionist David Liebe Hart – puppeteer, actor, singer and painter Howard Hawks (1896-1977) – film director Peter Horton – actor Bud Jamison (1894-1944) – actor active from 1915 to 1944 Leatrice Joy (1893-1985) – silent film star Val Kilmer – American actor Everett Lee – Conductor Eve McVeagh (1919-1997) – American actress Martin Melcher (1915-1968) – producer, third husband of Doris Day Conrad Nagel (1897-1970) – actor Antoinette Perry (1888-1946) – Broadway director, mentor and actress; namesake of

10944-1433: The Middle East. B. F. Brisac (1858-1940) – American business executive and humanitarian Dorothy Harrison Eustis (1886-1946) – founder of The Seeing Eye Antony Fisher (1915-1988) – British businessman and think tank founder Lionel Fraser (1895-1965) – British banker Bette Nesmith Graham (1924-1980) – inventor of Liquid Paper and mother of Mike Nesmith Martha Matilda Harper (1857-1950) – American businesswoman and inventor who launched modern retail franchising Ben Weingart (1888-1980) – American real estate investor and developer Charles Wyly (1933-2011), American businessman Sam Wyly , American businessman Arts and entertainment [ edit ] Artists [ edit ] Hilda Carline (1889-1950) – British post-impressionist painter Joseph Cornell (1903-1972) – American artist and film maker Evelyn Dunbar (1906-1960) – English artist and muralist, employed as an official war artist during World War II Fougasse (1887-1965) – British cartoonist Mina Loy (1882-1966) – British artist, writer, poet, playwright, novelist, painter, designer of lamps, and bohemian Winifred Nicholson (1893-1981) – British painter Violet Oakley (1874-1961) – American artist known for murals and work in stained glass Marcellus E. Wright Sr. (1881-1962) – American architect who designed

11115-567: The Mother Church ^ wrote the article "A Christian Scientist's Approach to the Study of Natural Science" ^ mother and wife were Christian Scientists as well, he attended the church, but did not talk publicly about his faith. ^ Raised in the church by Jewish converts to it, no longer practicing. ^ mentioned in Mommie Dearest ^ was not vaccinated as

11286-509: The Philippines, Australia, and elsewhere. Eddy encountered significant opposition after she began teaching and writing on Christian Science, which only increased towards the end of her life. One of the most prominent examples was Mark Twain , who wrote a number of articles on Eddy and Christian Science which were first published in Cosmopolitan magazine in 1899 and were later published as

11457-1226: The President for Domestic Affairs Paul Gore-Booth, Baron Gore-Booth (1909-1984) – British diplomat and politician Thomas P. Griesa (1930-2017) – United States district judge H.R. Haldeman (1926-1993) – White House Chief of Staff Cecil Harcourt (1892-1959) - British naval officer, de facto governor of Hong Kong Philip Kerr, 11th Marquess of Lothian (1882-1940) – British politician, diplomat and newspaper editor Egil Krogh (1939-2020) – American lawyer, United States Under Secretary of Transportation Maurice Mansergh (1896-1966) - British admiral, Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth Ursula Mueller – UN Assistant Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Deputy Emergency Relief Coordinator in OCHA Charles Murray, 7th Earl of Dunmore (1841-1907) – Scottish peer, politician, explorer, author, and teacher of Christian Science Alexander Murray, 8th Earl of Dunmore (1871-1962) – British soldier and politician David Ogilvy, 12th Earl of Airlie (1893-1968) - Scottish peer, soldier, and courtier Henry Paulson – 74th United States Secretary of

11628-454: The Scientist engaging in a silent argument to affirm to herself the unreality of matter, something Christian Science practitioners will do for a fee, including in absentia , to address ill health or other problems. Wilson writes that Christian Science healing is "not curative ... on its own premises, but rather preventative of ill health, accident and misfortune, since it claims to lead to

11799-3243: The Scriptures Church Manual Prose Works Christian Science Hymnal Periodicals The Christian Science Monitor (newspaper) Christian Science Quarterly (weekly bible lesson) Christian Science Sentinel (magazine) The Christian Science Journal (magazine) The Herald of Christian Science (magazine) Church roles Christian Science practitioners Readers (at church services) Other churches and buildings Category:Christian Science churches Christian Science Reading Rooms Dupee Estate-Mary Baker Eddy Home Mary Baker Eddy House (Lynn, Massachusetts) List of former Christian Science churches Massachusetts Metaphysical College Christian Scientists Church leaders Mary Baker Eddy Adam H. Dickey Annie M. Knott Augusta Emma Stetson Bliss Knapp Calvin Frye John V. Dittemore Sue Harper Mims Violet S. Hay Virginia Harris Other notable Christian Scientists Politics Nancy Astor John Ehrlichman H. R. Haldeman Egil Krogh Charles H. Percy Stansfield M. Turner William H. Webster Entertainment Joan Crawford Carol Channing Doris Day Colleen Dewhurst Cecil B. DeMille Horton Foote George Hamilton Val Kilmer Mary Pickford Ginger Rogers Mickey Rooney Jean Stapleton King Vidor Other Samuel Putnam Bancroft Charles Lightoller Raised within Christian Science Anne Archer Ellen DeGeneres Daniel Ellsberg Henry Fonda Audrey Hepburn Helmuth James Graf von Moltke Henry Paulson Elizabeth Taylor Denton Welch Robin Williams Writers People Ernest Sutherland Bates Norman Beasley Charles S. Braden Arthur Brisbane Richard Clarke Cabot John V. Dittemore Edwin Franden Dakin Julius Dresser Caroline Fraser Martin Gardner Gillian Gill Stephen Gottschalk B. O. Flower McClure's Willa Cather Georgine Milmine J. Gordon Melton William Dana Orcutt Robert Peel Lyman Pierson Powell Rodney Stark Irving C. Tomlinson Mark Twain James Henry Wiggin Sibyl Wilbur Bryan R. Wilson Books Christian Science (Twain, 1907) The Life of Mary Baker G. Eddy and

11970-1010: The Scriptures The Christian Science Journal The Christian Science Monitor The Herald of Christian Science Churches, church personnel The First Church of Christ, Scientist Christian Science churches List of former Christian Science churches, societies and buildings Christian Science Reader Christian Science practitioner Institutions, groups Christian Science Pleasant View Home Christian Science Publishing Society Christian Science Reading Room Claremont Fan Court School Daycroft School Dupee Estate-Mary Baker Eddy Home Emergence International Mapparium Mary Baker Eddy Library Massachusetts Metaphysical College The Principia / Principia College Writers, critics, books Ernest Sutherland Bates and John V. Dittemore Norman Beasley Arthur Brisbane Erwin Canham Willa Cather and Georgine Milmine ( The Life of Mary Baker G. Eddy and

12141-418: The Scriptures , considered her most important work. Her students voted to form a church called the Church of Christ (Scientist) in 1879, later reorganized as The First Church of Christ, Scientist , also known as The Mother Church, in 1892. She founded the Massachusetts Metaphysical College in 1881 to continue teaching students, Eddy started a number of periodicals: The Christian Science Journal in 1883,

12312-536: The Scriptures as I have, were it of human origin, and I, apart from God, its author. But, as I was only a scribe echoing the harmonies of heaven in divine metaphysics, I cannot be super-modest in my estimate of the Christian Science textbook." Eddy, Manual of the Mother Church , p.  17 . Trammell, Mary M., chair, Christian Science board of directors (March 26, 2010). "Letter; What the Christian Science Church Teaches" Archived 2022-08-07 at

12483-446: The Sick" included this explanation of his clairvoyant methodology: "he gives no medicines and makes no outward applications, but simply sits down by the patients, tells them their feelings and what they think is their disease. If the patients admit that he tells them their feelings, &c., then his explanation is the cure; and, if he succeeds in correcting their error, he changes the fluids of

12654-610: The Story of the Seeing Eye , Purdue University Press, 2010, p.106 ^ "Antony Fisher" . Chafuen.com . Retrieved 19 January 2022 . ^ "Rise and fall of a wheeler-dealer" . The Spectator . Retrieved 28 July 2014 . ^ "Wired" . Archived from the original on 2012-08-19 . Retrieved 2017-03-08 . {{ cite magazine }} : Cite magazine requires |magazine= ( help ) ^ Women of History: Martha Matilda Harper Archived 2020-11-26 at

12825-787: The Sunday service, and a shorter set of readings to open Wednesday evening testimony meetings. In addition to readings, members offer testimonials during the main portion of the Wednesday meetings, including recovery from ill health attributed to prayer. There are also hymns , time for silent prayer, and repeating together the Lord's Prayer at each service. Notable adherents of Christian Science have included Directors of Central Intelligence William H. Webster and Admiral Stansfield M. Turner ; and Richard Nixon's chief of staff H. R. Haldeman and Chief Domestic Advisor John Ehrlichman . The viscountess Nancy Astor

12996-722: The Swiss Republic J. D. Salinger – American writer best known for his novel The Catcher in the Rye Danielle Steel – American author Entertainment figures [ edit ] Pearl Bailey – Singer Kenny L. Baker – singer and actor Valerie Bergere (1867-1938) – French-born actress of stage and screen Carol Channing (1921-2019) – American actress, singer, dancer, and comedian Juanin Clay (1949-1995) – American actress with roles in WarGames and The Legend of

13167-626: The Tony Awards Mary Pickford (1892-1979) – Canadian-American actress; co-founder of the film studio United Artists; one of the original 36 founders of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Ginger Rogers (1911-1995) – American actress, dancer, and singer Lilia Skala (1896-1994) – Austrian-American architect and actress best known for playing the Mother Superior in Lilies of

13338-744: The Tragedy Assistance Program for Survivors (TAPS) Henry Hyde Champion (1859-1928) – Socialist activist and journalist Vida Goldstein (1869-1949) – Australian suffragette and social reformer. Sallie Holley (1818-1893) – Abolitionist and educator Muriel Matters (1877-1969) – Australian suffragist and educator Roy Olmstead (1886-1966) – Former bootlegger turned anti-alcoholism activist Nettie Rogers Shuler (1862-1939) – American suffragist and author Marietta T. Webb (1864-1951) – Civil rights activist Elected officials [ edit ] Nancy Witcher Astor (1879-1964) – second female Member of Parliament to be elected but

13509-668: The Treasury Stansfield Turner (1923-2018) – Admiral and former CIA Director William Hedgcock Webster – Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from 1978 to 1987 and Director of Central Intelligence (CIA) from 1987 to 1991 Business [ edit ] J. Robert Atkinson (1887-1964) – founder of the Braille Institute of America D. G. M. Bernard (1888-1975) - Banker in England, Hong Kong, and

13680-1386: The United States Free Exercise Clause Great Awakening Mind–body problem New Thought Emma Curtis Hopkins History of New Thought Phineas Parkhurst Quimby The Principia Principia College Religion and children Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Christian_Scientists_(religious_denomination)&oldid=1247978787 " Categories : Christian Scientists Lists of Christians Hidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020 All articles with dead external links Articles with dead external links from July 2021 Webarchive template wayback links Webarchive template archiveis links Articles with dead external links from January 2018 Articles with permanently dead external links CS1 errors: missing periodical Source attribution Articles with dead external links from January 2022 Articles with dead external links from August 2021 Articles with dead external links from September 2024 CS1 errors: periodical ignored Articles with dead external links from November 2016 Articles with short description Short description

13851-596: The United States Idealism Materia medica Mind–body problem Salem witchcraft trial (1878) New Thought / History of New Thought Nontrinitarianism Placebo Phineas Parkhurst Quimby Augusta Emma Stetson Emma Curtis Hopkins [REDACTED] Religion portal v t e Activists, politicians, and military figures [ edit ] Activists [ edit ] Bonnie Carroll – President and founder of

14022-572: The United States . In the latter half of the 19th century these included what came to be known as the metaphysical family: groups such as Christian Science, Divine Science , the Unity School of Christianity , and (later) the United Church of Religious Science . From the 1890s the liberal section of the movement became known as New Thought , in part to distinguish it from the more authoritarian Christian Science. The term metaphysical referred to

14193-536: The United States Congress Footnotes [ edit ] ^ Recorded a video for the Mother Church's online-only Annual Meeting in 2020 about how Christian Science supported her in her work. ^ In Sykes's Nancy the life of Lady Astor (1984), and her own letters, Nancy Astor’s Canadian Correspondence, 1912–1962 , it is mentioned how much she promoted the religion; the effect it had on her election campaigns and her political views

14364-630: The United States House of Representatives David Dreier – Member of the United States House of Representatives Bob Goodlatte – Member of the United States House of Representatives William Higgs (politician) (1862-1951) – Australian Senator and member of the House of Representatives, Treasurer of Australia Scott McCallum – 43rd Governor of Wisconsin Charles H. Percy (1919-2011) – United States Senator from Illinois Lamar S. Smith – Member of

14535-1032: The United States House of Representatives Myles Kennedy – of Alter Bridge William Luce (1931-2019)– American playwright and screenwriter Helmuth James Graf von Moltke (1907-1945) – German jurist, executed in 1945 for anti-Nazi activity Marilyn Monroe (1926-1962) – American actress, model, and singer V. S. Pritchett (1900-1997) – British writer and literary critic Chris Shays – member of United States House of Representatives John Simpson – BBC journalist Julian Steward (1902-1972) – American anthropologist Elizabeth Taylor (1932-2011) – English-American actress William Thetford (1923-1988) – American professor Denton Welch (1915-1948) – English writer and artist Robin Williams (1951-2014) – American actor and comedian Bobby Franks (1909–1924), American murder victim of Leopold and Loeb See also [ edit ] Church of Christ, Scientist Manual of The Mother Church Demographics of

14706-653: The United States House of Representatives Victor Cazalet (1896-1943) – British Conservative Member of Parliament Margaret Wintringham (1879-1955) – Second woman to take her seat as a British Member of Parliament John D. Works (1847-1928) – United States Senator from California, Associate Justice of the California Supreme Court Other political and military figures [ edit ] Mary Bartelme (1866-1954) – pioneering American judge and lawyer, referred to as "America's only woman judge" John Ehrlichman (1925-1999) – Counsel and Assistant to

14877-682: The United States and elsewhere; a period known as the Great Litigation which involved two intertwined lawsuits regarding church governance; persecution under the Nazi and Communist regimes in Germany and the Imperial regime in Japan; a series of lawsuits involving the deaths of members of the church, most notably some children; and a controversial decision to publish a book by Bliss Knapp . In conjunction with

15048-450: The United States began to decline in the 1940s according to Stark. According to J. Gordon Melton , in 1972 there were 3,237 congregations worldwide, of which roughly 2,400 were in the United States; and in the following ten years about 200 congregations were closed. During the years after Eddy's death, the church has gone through a number of hardships and controversies. This included attempts to make practicing Christian Science illegal in

15219-529: The United States in 2010 they charged $ 25–$ 50 for an e-mail, telephone or face-to-face consultation. Their training is a two-week, 12-lesson course called "primary class", based on the Recapitulation chapter of Science and Health . Practitioners wanting to teach primary class take a six-day " normal class ", held in Boston once every three years, and become Christian Science teachers. There are also Christian Science nursing homes. They offer no medical services;

15390-718: The Watford Observer" . Archived from the original on 2016-01-12 . Retrieved 2013-07-07 . ^ "Handbook of Texas" . Archived from the original on 2016-01-12 . Retrieved 2016-01-03 . ^ "Trivia on Religions and Their Famous Members Christian Science | Trivia Library" . Archived from the original on 2006-05-12 . Retrieved 2005-11-21 . ^ "Jazz Great Lionel Hampton Christian Science" . CBS News. 31 August 2002. ^ Metzger, Richard (August 20, 2009). "David Liebe Hart: Christian Scientist; Puppet Guy on Tim and Eric Awesome Show; Famous Los Angeleano" . Dangerous Minds. Archived from

15561-646: The burgeoning movement. However, Dresser replied in a letter that he was disenchanted with Quimby's method, and soon after he moved away. In the meantime his petitioner, Mary Baker Eddy , went about forming the set of beliefs which eventually became the basis of Christian Science . In 1882 Dresser studied Eddy's practice through the teaching of Edward J. Arens , a former Christian Scientist. He immediately and publicly accused her of stealing Quimby's ideas without crediting him. Dresser first refuted Eddy's claims in his 1887 book, The True History of Mental Science . The Dressers also laid claim to Quimby's teachings by formalizing

15732-586: The church of not less than one dollar. Prohibitions include engaging in mental malpractice; visiting a store that sells "obnoxious" books; joining other churches; publishing articles that are uncharitable toward religion, medicine, the courts or the law; and publishing the number of church members. The manual also prohibits engaging in public debate about Christian Science without board approval, and learning hypnotism. It includes "The Golden Rule": "A member of The Mother Church shall not haunt Mrs. Eddy's drive when she goes out, continually stroll by her house, or make

15903-400: The church said involved conditions that had been medically diagnosed, and 623 of which were "medically confirmed by follow-up examinations". The report offered no evidence of the medical follow-up. The Massachusetts Committee for Children and Youth listed among the report's flaws that it had failed to compare the rates of successful and unsuccessful Christian Science treatment. Nathan Talbot,

16074-505: The church's reputation. The church was accused in the 1990s of silencing internal criticism by firing staff, delisting practitioners and excommunicating members. The church's administration is headquartered on Christian Science Center on the corner of Massachusetts Avenue and Huntington Avenue , located on several acres in the Back Bay section of Boston. The 14.5-acre site includes the Mother Church (1894), Mother Church Extension (1906),

16245-627: The concurrence of the Trustees Of The Christian Science Publishing Society, withdrew Destiny Of The Mother Church from publication in September 2023. In addition, it has since its beginning been branded as a cult by more fundamentalist strains of Christianity, and attracted significant opposition as a result. A number of independent teachers and alternative movements of Christian Science have emerged since its founding, but none of these individuals or groups have achieved

16416-474: The defection." In 1907 Mark Twain described the appeal of the new religion to its adherents: [Mrs. Eddy] has delivered to them a religion which has revolutionized their lives, banished the glooms that shadowed them, and filled them and flooded them with sunshine and gladness and peace; a religion which has no hell; a religion whose heaven is not put off to another time, with a break and a gulf between, but begins here and now, and melts into eternity as fancies of

16587-428: The divine", according to Bryan Wilson ; what she called "mortal man" is simply humanity's distorted view of itself. Despite her view of the non-existence of evil, an important element of Christian Science theology is that evil thought, in the form of malicious animal magnetism , can cause harm, even if the harm is only apparent. Eddy viewed God not as a person but as "All-in-all". Although she often described God in

16758-421: The existence of evil, mesmerism, astrology , numerology , and the symptoms of whatever the illness is. She concludes, Fraser writes, by asserting that disease is a lie, that this is the word of God, and that it has the power to heal. Christian Science practitioners are certified by the Church of Christ, Scientist, to charge a fee for Christian Science prayer. There were 1,249 practitioners worldwide in 2015; in

16929-463: The faith ^ his parents were active Christian Scientists who helped translate Science and Health into German, because of family tradition, Moltke decided to become confirmed in the Evangelical Church of Prussia when he was 14, but may have continued studying Christian Science ^ Ana Lower, who she lived with for some time, introduced her to the religion ^ his father

17100-608: The first to take her seat, serving from 1919 to 1945 Fred B. Balzar (1880-1934) – 15th Governor of Nevada Owen Brewster (1888-1961) – 54th Governor of Maine, member of the United States House of Representatives and Senate Jocelyn Burdick (1922-2019), United States Senator Clarence A. Buskirk (1842-1926) – 10th Indiana Attorney General, traveling lecturer who promoted Christian Science in various countries Ralph Lawrence Carr (1887-1950) – 29th Governor of Colorado Thelma Cazalet-Keir (1899-1989) – British Conservative Member of Parliament Thomas M. Davis – Member of

17271-1825: The first to walk on the Moon Doris Huestis Speirs (1894-1989) – Canadian ornithologist, artist and poet John M. Tutt (1879-1966) – American medical doctor who became a teacher of Christian Science Other [ edit ] John V. Dittemore (1876-1937) – trustee of Eddy estate, director of The Mother Church, then critic and co-author of Mary Baker Eddy: The Truth and the Tradition Calvin Frye (1845-1917) – personal assistant of Mary Baker Eddy Mary W. Adams (1834-1908) – in 1905 hired Frank Lloyd Wright to build house in Highland Park, Illinois Septimus J. Hanna (1845-1921) – Judge and Civil War veteran, later Christian Science practitioner and teacher Violet Spiller Hay (1873–1969) – Christian Science practitioner, teacher and hymnist Emma Curtis Hopkins (1849-1925) – Christian Science practitioner, Journal editor, later started her own college and association Bliss Knapp (1877-1958) – Christian Science lecturer, practitioner, teacher and author Annie M. Knott (1850-1941) – Christian Science practitioner, teacher and church leader Laura Lathrop (1845-1922) – Christian Science teacher in New York Augusta E. Stetson (1842-1928) – Christian Science teacher in New York, excommunicated in 1909 Irving C. Tomlinson (1860-1944) – Universalist minister who converted to Christian Science Notable people raised in Christian Science [ edit ] E. Power Biggs (1906-1977) – Concert organist and recording artist, his mother

17442-466: The founder of Christian Science (denominationally known as the Church of Christ, Scientist), the most prominent, successful, controversial, and distinctive of all the groups whose inspiration scholars trace to the healing and intellectual influence of Quimby." Rodney Stark, 1998: "But, of course, Christian Science was not just another Protestant sect. Like Joseph Smith, Mary Baker Eddy added too much new religious culture for her movement to qualify fully as

17613-484: The healing or can vouch for [the testifier's] integrity in sharing it". Philosopher Margaret P. Battin wrote in 1999 that the seriousness with which these testimonials are treated by Christian Scientists ignores factors such as false positives caused by self-limiting conditions. Because no negative accounts are published, the testimonials strengthen people's tendency to rely on anecdotes. A church study published in 1989 examined 10,000 published testimonials, 2,337 of which

17784-523: The language of personhood—she used the term "Father–Mother God" (as did Ann Lee , the founder of Shakerism ), and in the third edition of Science and Health she referred to God as "she"—God is mostly represented in Christian Science by the synonyms "Mind, Spirit, Soul, Principle, Life, Truth, Love". The Holy Ghost is Christian Science, and heaven and hell are states of mind. There is no supplication in Christian Science prayer . The process involves

17955-564: The medical profession for Christian Science" Archived 2015-01-31 at the Wayback Machine Christian Science Journal (April 1980). Retrieved June 17. ^ Dr. Jer Master, Biographical intro to "Prayer and Your Child's Health" Archived 2015-01-31 at the Wayback Machine Guide to Child Care. Retrieved June 17, 2013 ^ "Dispelling illusion through spiritual truth" Archived 2015-01-31 at

18126-471: The mind-cure movement because of their strong focus on healing. Medical practice was in its infancy, and patients regularly fared better without it. This provided fertile soil for the mind-cure groups, who argued that sickness was an absence of "right thinking" or failure to connect to Divine Mind. The movement traced its roots in the United States to Phineas Parkhurst Quimby (1802–1866), a New England clockmaker turned mental healer. His advertising flyer, "To

18297-415: The most controversial of the metaphysical groups. Reality for Eddy was purely spiritual. Christian Science leaders place their religion within mainstream Christian teaching, according to J. Gordon Melton , and reject any identification with the New Thought movement. Eddy was strongly influenced by her Congregationalist upbringing. According to the church's tenets, adherents accept "the inspired Word of

18468-486: The movement's philosophical idealism , a belief in the primacy of the mental world. Adherents believed that material phenomena were the result of mental states, a view expressed as "life is consciousness" and "God is mind." The supreme cause was referred to as Divine Mind , Truth, God, Love, Life, Spirit, Principle or Father–Mother, reflecting elements of Plato , Hinduism , Berkeley , Hegel , Swedenborg , and transcendentalism . The metaphysical groups became known as

18639-484: The name of the city (for example, Third Church of Christ, Scientist, London ). When a church closes, the others in that city are not renamed. Founded in April 1879, the Church of Christ, Scientist is led by a president and five-person board of directors. There is a public-relations department, known as the Committee on Publication, with representatives around the world; this was set up by Eddy in 1898 to protect her own and

18810-432: The nurses are Christian Scientists who have completed a course of religious study and training in basic skills, such as feeding and bathing. The Christian Science Journal and Christian Science Sentinel publish anecdotal healing testimonials (they published 53,900 between 1900 and April 1989), which must be accompanied by statements from three verifiers: "people who know [the testifier] well and have either witnessed

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23769-550: The original on 2021-10-28 . Retrieved 2021-10-28 . ^ ed. Babbitt, Marcy. Living Christian Science: Fourteen Lives Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 1975 ^ Kurtz, Howard (4 April 1991). "Mission or Mistake? TV Splits Church" . Washington Post . ^ "The Washington Post" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 2017-06-16 . Retrieved 2017-09-03 . ^ Library, The Mary Baker Eddy (2023-01-30). "The 1953–1958 Archbishops' Commission on Divine Healing and

23940-513: The original on 28 October 2021 . Retrieved 1 January 2021 . ^ "The Religious Affiliation of Actor, Comedian Robin Williams" . Archived from the original on 2005-11-28. ^ Bardsley, Marilyn. "Leopold & Loeb – Enter Clarence Darrow" . Crime Library . Archived from the original on February 9, 2015. External links [ edit ] Adherents.com "Famous Christian Scientists" Political Graveyard section of "Christian Scientists" Trivia Library on

24111-449: The original on 28 October 2021 . Retrieved 10 February 2017 . ^ "George Thomas Obituary (2006) - State College, PA - Centre Daily Times" . Legacy.com . ^ Canham, Erwin. A Christian Scientist's Life . Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1962. ^ "Women of History: Katherine Fanning" . 22 May 2017. Archived from the original on 2021-01-18 . Retrieved 2020-12-13 . ^ About Utah: It

24282-476: The original on 7 July 2014 . Retrieved 21 September 2016 . ^ Dr. John M. Tutt, C.S.B. Archived 2020-12-05 at the Wayback Machine Longyear.org ^ Women of History: Violet Hay Archived 2020-09-24 at the Wayback Machine , The Mary Baker Eddy Library ^ Barbara Owen, E. Power Biggs: Concert Organist , Indiana University Press (1987) ^ "The religion of Jonathan Carroll, author" . www.adherents.com . Archived from

24453-642: The original on January 12, 2016 . Retrieved September 21, 2016 . ^ "W. S. Van Dyke Dies, Film Director, 53" . New York Times . February 6, 1943. Archived from the original on 2012-10-21 . Retrieved 2009-07-17 . Marine Corps Reserve Major. Recently Had Completed 'Journey for Margaret'. Axtor at Age of 7 Months. Produced 'Trader Horn', 'Thin Man' and 'Naughty Marietta'. Once With D. W. Griffith. Woodbridge Strong Van Dyke 2d, motion-picture director, died at his home in Brentwood shortly before noon today. His age

24624-442: The original on September 1, 2011 . Retrieved September 24, 2011 . ^ "The religion of director Howard Hawks" . www.adherents.com . Archived from the original on 19 November 2005 . Retrieved 25 January 2022 . ^ "The Milwaukee Sentinel" . March 9, 1984 . Retrieved 19 January 2022 – via Google News Archive . ^ "Cast Member : Bud Jamison" . Threestooges.net . Archived from

24795-471: The press as the " Next Friends Suit ", against members of Eddy's household, alleging that she was mentally unable to manage her own affairs. The suit fell apart after Eddy was interviewed in her home in August 1907 by the judge and two court appointed masters (one a psychiatrist) who concluded that she was mentally competent. Separately she was seen by two psychiatrists, including Allan McLane Hamilton , who came to

24966-465: The prominence of the Christian Science church. Despite the hardships and controversies, many Christian Science churches and Reading Rooms remain in existence around the world, and in recent years there have been reports of the religion growing in Africa, though it remains significantly behind other evangelical groups. The Christian Science Monitor also remains a well respected non-religious paper which

25137-423: The religion. ^ his parents were members of the Christian Science Church; this is mentioned in his autobiographical novel The Bertinis ^ used his Christian Science upbringing for humor ^ his mother was a practicing Christian Scientist ^ in his 20s he was a Sunday School teacher in the faith, but 15 years before he died he wrote to a Christian Science church to inform them he

25308-466: The rest "as the story of the false and the material", according to Wilson. Her theology is nontrinitarian : she viewed the Trinity as suggestive of polytheism . She saw Jesus as a Christian Scientist, a "Way-shower" between humanity and God, and she distinguished between Jesus the man and the concept of Christ, the latter a synonym for Truth and Jesus the first person fully to manifest it. The crucifixion

25479-450: The right and defend our Cause and our dear Leader" . Longyear Museum . ^ NGA ^ "Women of History: Thelma Cazalet-Keir" . 22 October 2015. Archived from the original on 2020-06-30 . Retrieved 2020-06-28 . ^ "Govtrack" . Archived from the original on 2006-02-20 . Retrieved 2006-06-08 . ^ Time Magazine ^ "The Voter's Self Defense System" . Vote Smart . Archived from

25650-644: The same conclusion. The McClure's and New York World stories are considered to at least partially be the reason Eddy asked the church in July 1908 to found the Christian Science Monitor as a platform for responsible journalism. Eddy died two years later, on the evening of Saturday, December 3, 1910, aged 89. The Mother Church announced at the end of the Sunday morning service that Eddy had "passed from our sight". The church stated that "the time will come when there will be no more death," but that Christian Scientists "do not look for [Eddy's] return in this world." Her estate

25821-532: The study of Christian Science Laurance Doyle – researcher at SETI Claribel Kendall (1889-1965) – American mathematician Charles Lightoller (1874-1952) – surviving Second Officer of the Titanic Jer Master (unknown-2010) – Indian pediatrician who abandoned medicine for the faith Homer E. Newell Jr. (1915-1983) – NASA administrator, mathematics professor, and author Alan Shepard (1923-1998) – first American to travel into space, one of

25992-452: The system and establishes the truth, or health. The Truth is the Cure. This mode of practise applies to all cases. If no explanation is given, no charge is made, for no effect is produced." Mary Baker Eddy had been a patient of his (1862–1865), leading to debate about how much of Christian Science was based on his ideas. New Thought and Christian Science differed in that Eddy saw her views as

26163-752: The top story" . Boston Sports Media Watch . 18 October 2002. Archived from the original on 14 December 2004 . Retrieved 19 January 2022 . ^ "Rowland George; Obituary". Features. The Times . London. 30 September 1997. pp. 21. ^ "ESPN" . Archived from the original on 2007-03-11 . Retrieved 2006-08-24 . ^ Miller, Claudia Ann; White, Gayle (1999). Shannon Miller: My Child,My Hero: Claudia Miller: 9780806131108: Amazon.com: Books . ISBN   0806131101 . ^ Eder, Jonathon. “Manhood and Mary Baker Eddy: Muscular Christianity and Christian Science.” Church History , vol. 89, no. 4, 2020, pp. 875–896. doi:10.1017/S0009640720001390. ^ [4] Archived March 22, 2004, at

26334-474: The topic The Handbook of Texas (For uncertain reasons, many names here can be found on that site.) v t e Christian Science Church of Christ, Scientist Mother Church The First Church of Christ, Scientist Christian Science Center Christian Science Publishing Society Mary Baker Eddy Library Mapparium Key publications Science and Health with Key to

26505-513: The truths of Christian Science." Eddy did not believe that the dead and living could communicate. To the more conservative of the Protestant clergy, Eddy's view of Science and Health as divinely inspired was a challenge to the Bible's authority. "Eddyism" was viewed as a cult; one of the first uses of the modern sense of the word was in A. H. Barrington's Anti-Christian Cults (1898), a book about Spiritualism, Theosophy and Christian Science. In

26676-554: The waking day melt into the dreams of sleep. They believe it is a Christianity that is in the New Testament; that it has always been there, that in the drift of ages it was lost through disuse and neglect, and that this benefactor has found it and given it back to men, turning the night of life into day, its terrors into myths, its lamentations into songs of emancipation and rejoicing. There we have Mrs. Eddy as her followers see her. ... They sincerely believe that Mrs. Eddy's character

26847-512: Was 53 Van Dyke, ... ^ Bill & Sue-On Hillman. "The Edgar Rice Burroughs Library – Shelf UV1" . Archived from the original on 22 December 2008 . Retrieved 19 April 2009 . ^ "Handbook of Texas" . Archived from the original on 2016-01-01 . Retrieved 2016-01-02 . ^ "The One, The Only and The Perpetually Cool Anna May Wong" . Archived from the original on 2005-03-29. ^ Roberts, Barrie. "Anna May Wong" . Classic Images . Archived from

27018-1065: Was a Christian Scientist References [ edit ] ^ "Replay of Annual Meeting 2020" . 8 June 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-07-01 . Retrieved 2020-06-28 . ^ Geoffrey Serle. "Champion, Henry Hyde (1859–1928)" . Australian Dictionary of Biography ^ "Reclaiming Vida Goldstein Superstar of Women's Suffrage" . Archived from the original on 2019-12-18 . Retrieved 2019-12-18 . ^ James, Edward; James, Janet; Boyer, Paul (1971). Notable American women, 1607-1950 . Cambridge: Belknap Press. p. 205. ISBN   978-0-674-62731-4 . ^ Wright, Clare (2018) You Daughters of Freedom . Text Publishing co. p. 479 ^ McClary, Daryl C. (November 13, 2002). "Olmstead, Roy (1886–1966) — King of King County Bootleggers" . HistoryLink. ^ "Women of History: Marietta Webb" . Mary Baker Eddy Library. 3 February 2020. ^ "Political Graveyard" . Archived from

27189-442: Was a Christian Scientist and he was raised in the faith, but later was disparaging of it ^ raised in the faith, but converted to Judaism on marrying Eddie Fisher ; remained Jewish until her death and joked of herself as "a nice little Jewish girl" ^ his parents were of the faith, but left when he was seven due to the death of their daughter ^ his mother was a Christian Scientist ^ his mother

27360-755: Was a Christian Scientist, as was naval officer Charles Lightoller , who survived the sinking of the Titanic in 1912. Christian Science has been well represented in the film industry, including Carol Channing and Jean Stapleton ; Colleen Dewhurst ; Joan Crawford , Doris Day , George Hamilton , Mary Pickford , Ginger Rogers , Mickey Rooney ; Horton Foote ; King Vidor ; Robert Duvall , and Val Kilmer . Those raised by Christian Scientists include jurist Helmuth James Graf von Moltke , military analyst Daniel Ellsberg ; Ellen DeGeneres , Henry Fonda , Audrey Hepburn ; James Hetfield , Marilyn Monroe , Robin Williams , and Elizabeth Taylor . Taylor's godfather,

27531-957: Was a Christian Scientist. Jonathan Carroll – American fiction writer Hart Crane – American poet Christina Crawford – American author and actress Ellen DeGeneres – American comedian Daniel Ellsberg – American economist who released the Pentagon Papers William Everson (1912-1994) – American poet Stewart Farrar (1916-2000) – English writer Paul Feig – American filmmaker Henry Fonda (1905-1982) – American actor Ralph Giordano (1923-2014) – German writer Spalding Gray (1941-2004) – American actor and writer Keith Green (1953-1982) – American musician Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961) – American writer Jim Henson (1936-1990)– American puppeteer Audrey Hepburn (1929-1993) – British actress James Hetfield – of Metallica Jack Kemp (1935-2009) – Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, member of

27702-474: Was a kind of second coming and that Science and Health was an inspired text . In 1895, in the Manual of the Mother Church , she ordained the Bible and Science and Health as "Pastor over the Mother Church". Christian Science theology differs in several respects from that of traditional Christianity. Eddy's Science and Health reinterprets key Christian concepts, including the Trinity , divinity of Jesus , atonement , and resurrection ; beginning with

27873-488: Was an individual choice, that the church did not dictate against it, and those who were not vaccinated did not do so because of any "church dogma". In the hierarchy of the Church of Christ, Scientist , only the Mother Church in Boston, The First Church of Christ, Scientist, uses the definite article in its name. Otherwise the first Christian Science church in any city is called First Church of Christ, Scientist, then Second Church of Christ, Scientist, and so on, followed by

28044-674: Was born in 1866. In 1866, at the age of 28, Dresser become editor of a Portland newspaper. Later that year the family moved to Webster, Massachusetts , where Dresser edited the Webster Times . That year Quimby died, too, and soon after Julius moved to California. In 1882 Dresser and his wife moved to Boston , where they set up an office to practice Quimby's system of mental healing . In 1883 they began teaching classes, and they became successful through this work. When Quimby died in 1866 another student of his wrote to Dresser and implored him to continue Quimby's practice by assuming leadership of

28215-748: Was born, leaving her penniless; and as a result of her poor health she lost custody of the boy when he was four. She married again, and her new husband promised to become the child's legal guardian, but after their marriage he refused to sign the needed papers and the boy was taken to Minnesota and told his mother had died. Eddy, then known as Mary Patterson, and her husband moved to rural New Hampshire, where Eddy continued to suffer from health problems which often kept her bedridden. Eddy tried various cures for her health problems, including conventional medicine as well as most forms of alternative medicine such as Grahamism , electrotherapy , homeopathy , hydropathy , and finally mesmerism under Phineas Quimby . She

28386-465: Was healed through prayer alone. The moment has since been controversial, but she considered this moment one of the "falling apples" that helped her to understand Christian Science, although she said she did not fully understand it at the time. In 1866, after her fall on the ice, Eddy began teaching her first student and began writing her ideas which she eventually published in Science and Health with Key to

28557-500: Was later accused by critics, beginning with Julius Dresser , of borrowing ideas from Quimby in what biographer Gillian Gill would call the "single most controversial issue" of her life. In February 1866, Eddy fell on the ice in Lynn, Massachusetts . Evidence suggests she had severe injuries, but a few days later she apparently asked for her Bible, opened it to an account of one of Jesus' miracles, and left her bed telling her friends that she

28728-439: Was never about him . July 13, 2014. Archived from the original on September 11, 2021 . Retrieved September 4, 2020 . {{ cite encyclopedia }} : |website= ignored ( help ) ^ "Edward John Meeman" . The Tennessee Encyclopedia . January 1, 2010. Archived from the original on February 4, 2015 . Retrieved May 24, 2015 . ^ "Women of History: Cora Rigby" . 3 December 2015. Archived from

28899-410: Was no longer a practicing member ^ her mother was a devout Christian Scientist, but she chose not be attached to any particular religion ^ his " The God That Failed " is one of many songs that are a response to it ^ raised Christian Scientist, he later became a Presbyterian ^ raised a Christian Scientist and was an organist in the Church before ultimately leaving

29070-504: Was not a divine sacrifice for the sins of humanity, the atonement (the forgiveness of sin through Jesus's suffering) "not the bribing of God by offerings", writes Wilson, but an "at-one-ment" with God. Her views on life after death were vague and, according to Wilson, "there is no doctrine of the soul" in Christian Science: "[A]fter death, the individual continues his probationary state until he has worked out his own salvation by proving

29241-402: Was valued at $ 1.5 million, most of which she left to the church. In the aftermath of Eddy's death some newspapers speculated that the church would fall apart, while others expected it to continue just as it had before. As it was, the movement continued to grow in the first few decades after 1910. The Manual of the Mother Church prohibits the church from publishing membership figures, and it

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