32-572: Chaudhary Charan Singh was sworn in as Prime Minister on 28 July 1979, with outside support by Indira Congress and Yashwantrao Chavan of Congress (Socialist) faction as his Deputy PM. Just before Singh was to prove his majority in Lok Sabha, Indira Gandhi withdrew support to his government, and he resigned on 20 August 1979, after just 23 days, becoming the only PM who didn't face the parliament. He advised President Neelam Sanjiva Reddy to dissolve Lok Sabha . Janata Party leader Jagjivan Ram challenged
64-522: A Congress(S) ticket. In 1981, Yashwantrao was allowed to return to the Indira-led Congress after a six-month wait. Critics at that time commented that the "Fence-sitter has come home to roost". In 1982, he was appointed the Chairman of the 8th Finance Commission of India. He died in 1984. Chavan held many important positions during a long and distinguished career. These included: Chavan held all
96-563: A chairman. He had planned to write his autobiography in three parts. The first part covers his early years in Satara district. Since his native place is situated on the banks of Krishna River he named the first volume as Krishna Kath . His years as the Chief Minister of the bilingual Bombay state and later as that of the newly formed Maharashtra state were spent in Bombay and so the proposed name for
128-822: A heart attack on 25 November 1984 in Delhi. He was 71. He was cremated in Karad with full state honours on 27 November and his Samadhi (resting place) is situated at Krishna-Koyna Pritisangam . Yashwantrao Chavan took a keen interest in literature. He established the Marathi Sahitya Mandal and supported the Marathi Sahitya Sammelan(Conference). He was very closely associated with many poets, editors and several Marathi and Hindi writers. He initiated compilation of Marathi Vishwakosh (a Marathi language encyclopedia). For this, he nominated Lakshman Shastri Joshi as
160-487: A split, and two separate political parties emerged, namely Congress (Indira) and Congress (Urs) . While the former was led by Indira Gandhi , the latter was led by Devaraj Urs , powerful Chief Minister of Mysore . The other important leaders who joined the Congress Urs were Dev Kant Baruah , Kasu Brahmananda Reddy , Sharad Pawar , A.K. Antony , Sarat Chandra Sinha , Priyaranjan Das Munshi and Yashwantrao Chavan. On
192-500: The Rajaram College , Kolhapur . In 1938, after obtaining his B.A. degree in history and political science (awarded by Bombay University ) he joined Law College of Pune . After obtaining his law degree ( LLB awarded by Bombay University) in 1941, he started practice as a criminal lawyer at Karad. In 1942, he married Venutai at Phaltan in Satara district, in a match arranged by their families. During his college years, Chavan
224-669: The Syndicate faction of the Congress party but was fully in rapport with Mrs. Gandhi's views, if not her methods, that his prime anxiety was to maintain the unity of the Congress, but that when he found that the split was inevitable, he did not succumb to the blandishments held out before him by some members of the Syndicate. On 26 June 1970, she appointed him the Finance Minister of India. During his term, Indian economy went into recession for
256-522: The co-operative movement . Legislation regarding democratic decentralized bodies and the Agricultural Land Ceiling Act were passed during his tenure as Chief Minister. After the resignation of Krishna Menon as Defense Minister in 1962 in the wake of India-China Border Conflict, Yashwantrao was given that portfolio by Prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru . He handled the delicate post-war situation firmly and took several decisions to empower
288-403: The Chief Minister of Maharashtra. Ashok Lokhande portrayed the titular role of Chavan. Bombay State Bombay State was a large Indian state created in 1950 from the erstwhile Bombay Presidency , with other regions being added to it in the succeeding years. Bombay Presidency (roughly equating to the present-day Indian state of Maharashtra , excluding Marathwada ) and Vidarbha )
320-589: The Congress was routed with the party leader and Prime minister, Indira Gandhi herself losing her parliamentary seat. Therefore in the new Parliament, Chavan was elected the Congress Party Parliamentary leader. As Congress now the biggest opposition party, he became the Leader of opposition. The annual session of the Congress party was held in Bengaluru at the end of 1978. On this occasion, the party suffered
352-578: The State of Bombay was significantly enlarged, expanding eastward to incorporate the Marathi -speaking Marathwada region of Hyderabad State , the Marathi-speaking Vidarbha region of southern Madhya Pradesh , and Gujarati -speaking Saurashtra and Kutch states. The Bombay state was being referred to by the local inhabitants as "Maha Dwibhashi Rajya", meaning, "the great bilingual state". In 1956,
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#1732855194915384-650: The States Reorganisation Committee, against the will of Jawaharlal Nehru , recommended a bilingual state for Maharashtra-Gujarat with Bombay as its capital, whereas in Lok Sabha discussions in 1955, the Congress party demanded that the city be constituted as an autonomous city-state. In the 1957 elections, the Samyukta Maharashtra movement opposed these proposals, and insisted that Bombay be declared
416-432: The advice and sought time to cobble support. But Lok Sabha was dissolved, and Chaudhary Charan Singh continued as caretaker PM until January 1980. Yashwantrao Chavan Yashwantrao Balwantrao Chavan (Marathi pronunciation: [jəʃʋənt̪ɾaːʋ t͡səʋʱaːɳ] ; 12 March 1913 – 25 November 1984) was an Indian freedom fighter and politician who served as 8th Minister of Finance from 1970 to 1971 & 1971 to 1974. He served as
448-711: The armed forces and negotiated, along with Pandit Nehru, with China to end the hostilities. He also held the Defense portfolio in the Lal Bahadur Shastri Government during the Indo-Pakistan War of September 1965. In the by-elections in 1962, Chavan was elected unopposed as Member of Parliament from the Nashik parliamentary constituency. On 14 November 1966, he was appointed Home Minister of India by Prime minister, Indira Gandhi . Yeshwantrao came in for criticism at
480-456: The capital of Maharashtra. Bombay State was finally dissolved with the formation of Maharashtra and Gujarat states on 1 May 1960. Following protests of Samyukta Maharashtra Movement , in which 107 people were killed by police, Bombay State was reorganised on linguistic lines. Gujarati -speaking areas of Bombay State were partitioned into the state of Gujarat following Mahagujarat Movement . Maharashtra State with Bombay as its capital
512-598: The first time since 1966 and real GDP growth fell by 0.55% in 1972. He was appointed as the Foreign Minister on 11 October 1974. In June 1975, an Internal State of Emergency was declared in India by the Indira Gandhi Government. This period saw a severe crackdown on leaders and parties opposed to Mrs. Gandhi's rule. Yashwantrao remained in her Government during this period. In the subsequent general elections 1977,
544-507: The formation of Marathi speaking state of Maharashtra. On 1 May 1960, Yashwantrao Chavan became the first Chief Minister of Maharashtra. From 1957 to 1960 he also served on the All India Congress Working Committee. Chavan's vision for Maharashtra for the development envisaged the equal development of both the industrial and agricultural sectors across all the regions of the state. He sought to realize this vision through
576-534: The last Chief Minister of Bombay State and the first of Maharashtra after latter was created by the division of Bombay state. His last significant ministerial post was as the Deputy Prime Minister of India in the short lived Charan Singh government in 1979. He was a strong Congress leader, co-operative leader, social activist and writer. He was popularly known as Leader of Common People . He advocated social democracy in his speeches and articles and
608-609: The movement. He spent around two years in jail, and was released only in 1944. In 1946, Yashwantrao was first elected as Member of Legislative Assembly of the Bombay State from the South Satara constituency. In the same year he was appointed as parliamentary secretary to the Home Minister of Bombay State. In the next government of Morarji Desai he was appointed as Minister of Civil Supplies, Social Welfare and Forests. In 1953 he
640-571: The other side, Indira Gandhi's new party included leaders like Shankar Dayal Sharma , Umashankar Dikshit , Chidambaram Subramaniam , Kamruddin Ali Ahmad, Abdul Rehman Antulay and Gulabrao Patil . Yashwantrao Chavan's political career suffered a major setback following his decision to move away from Indira Gandhi. Devaraj Urs himself soon joined the Janata Party , following which the Congress(Urs)
672-411: The second volume was "Sagar Tir". Later in 1962 he was appointed Defence Minister of India by Nehru. From then he was in Delhi until his death in 1984; so he had proposed the name "Yamuna Kath" for his third volume. He was able to complete and publish only the first volume. Yashwantrao Chavan Bakhar Eka Vaadalaachi , a 2014 Indian Marathi -language biographical film by Jabbar Patel covers his role as
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#1732855194915704-633: The senior portfolios in the Indian government such as Finance Defence, Home, and External Affairs. His last position was as deputy prime minister in the short lived Charan singh government. He brought important changes in all fields where he held power, he also played crucial role in rebuilding Indian army back after 1962 Sino India War. After his appointment as Defence Minister, he rapidly expanded and modernized military and restored it's dignity which directly helped India in 1971 war. He also played crucial role in 1965 India Pakistan War. Yashwantrao Chavan died of
736-466: The time of the first congress split in 1969. He had stuck to his earlier commitment to vote for the official Congress candidate, Sanjeeva Reddy in the presidential elections and in doing so, had invited the ire of Mrs. Indira Gandhi, but later be shifted his ground and supported her. In doing so, he exposed himself to the charge of duplicity and of being a fence-sitter. According to Hatalkar, it might be said in his favour that he had nothing in common with
768-682: Was a signatory to the Nagpur Pact that assured equitable development of all regions of what is now the state of Maharashtra . The 1950s witnessed the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (United Maharashtra Movement) leading struggle for United Maharashtra with Bombay (now Mumbai) as its capital. Chavan never joined the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (United Maharashtra Movement) and in fact called Prime minister Nehru, who opposed formation of language based state reorganization, as "Greater than Maharashtra". In 1957 Assembly elections Yashwantrao Chavan
800-609: Was dissolved and split on linguistic lines into the two states of Gujarat , with Gujarati speaking population and Maharashtra , with Marathi speaking population . During the British Raj , portions of the western coast of India under direct British rule were part of the Bombay Presidency . After Indian independence in 1947 and when India was partitioned , Bombay Presidency remained part of India, while Sind province became part of Pakistan . The territory retained by India
832-526: Was elected from the Karad constituency. This time he was elected as Leader of Congress Legislative Party, and became Chief Minister of the bilingual Bombay state . The election saw the Congress party losing badly in the Marathi speaking areas to the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti. However, he was able to persuade Nehru to agree to form Maharashtra and therefore he is regarded as the chief architect in
864-701: Was fascinated by the freedom struggle of India. Chavan was an active participant in the struggle for independence of India. As a schoolboy in Karad in 1930, he was fined for his participation in the Non-cooperation Movement led by Mahatma Gandhi . In 1932, he was sentenced to 18 months in prison for hoisting the Indian flag in Satara. During this period, he came in contact with Swami Ramanand Bharti, Dhulappa Bhaurao Navale , Gaurihar (Appasaheb) Sihasane, V. S. Page and Govind Kruparam Wani. Their friendship lasted forever. After completing his high school education from Tilak High school Karad in 1934, he joined
896-641: Was instrumental in establishing co-operatives in Maharashtra for the betterment of the farmers. Yashwantrao Chavan was born in a Kunbi - Maratha family on 12 March 1913 in the village of Devrashtre in Satara District (now in Sangli District) of Maharashtra , India. He had three siblings. Chavan lost his father in his early childhood and was brought up by his uncle and mother. His mother taught him about self-dependency and patriotism. From his childhood he
928-470: Was involved in many social activities and was closely associated with the Congress party and its leaders, such as Jawaharlal Nehru , Sardar Patel and Keshavrao Jedhe . In 1940, he became President of Satara District Congress. Chavan was one of the delegates at the Bombay session of the A.I.C.C. in 1942 that gave the call for Quit India . He went "underground" before being arrested for his participation in
960-646: Was merged with the princely states of Baroda, Western India and Gujarat (the present-day Indian state of Gujarat ) and the Deccan States (which included parts of the present-day Indian states of Maharashtra and Karnataka ). On 1 November 1956, Bombay State was re-organized under the States Reorganisation Act on linguistic lines, absorbing various territories including the Saurashtra and Kutch States, which ceased to exist. On 1 May 1960, Bombay State
992-540: Was renamed the Indian Congress (Socialist) . Yeshwantrao was appointed as Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of India in the short-lived cabinet of Prime Minister Charan Singh in 1979. In the general elections of January 1980, Congress (I) won a majority in Parliament and came to power under the leadership of Indira Gandhi. In this election, Yashwantrao Chavan was the only candidate elected from Maharashtra as MP on
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1024-715: Was restructured into Bombay State when India became a republic in 1950. It included princely states such as Kolhapur in Deccan, and Baroda and the Dangs in Gujarat, which had former parts of Deccan States Agency and Baroda, Western India and Gujarat States Agency . As a result of the States Reorganisation Act on 1 November 1956, the Kannada -speaking districts of Belgaum (except Chandgad taluka ), Bijapur , Dharwar , and North Canara were transferred from Bombay State to Mysore State . but
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