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56-654: Shim Chang-min ( Korean :  심창민 ; Hanja :  沈昌珉 ; born February 18, 1988), better known by his stage name Max Changmin ( 최강창민 ; Choegang Changmin ), is a South Korean singer, songwriter, actor, and a member of the pop duo TVXQ . Born and raised in Seoul , South Korea, Changmin was scouted by an SM Entertainment talent agent when he was fourteen years old. He made his debut as TVXQ's youngest member in December 2003. Fluent in both Korean and Japanese, Changmin has achieved commercial success throughout Asia as

112-619: A BoA and Britney Spears showcase. They performed their debut single "Hug", which became a hit in South Korea. TVXQ has been releasing number one albums in Korea since their second studio album Rising Sun (2005), which was also the album that gave the group their first Daesang ( 대상 ), or Grand Award, at the Mnet KM Music Festival . Their fourth Korean album Mirotic (2008) was the Album of

168-484: A Korean influence on Khitan. The hypothesis that Korean could be related to Japanese has had some supporters due to some overlap in vocabulary and similar grammatical features that have been elaborated upon by such researchers as Samuel E. Martin and Roy Andrew Miller . Sergei Starostin (1991) found about 25% of potential cognates in the Japanese–Korean 100-word Swadesh list . Some linguists concerned with

224-477: A core vowel. The IPA symbol ⟨ ◌͈ ⟩ ( U+0348 ◌͈ COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW ) is used to denote the tensed consonants /p͈/, /t͈/, /k͈/, /t͡ɕ͈/, /s͈/ . Its official use in the extensions to the IPA is for "strong" articulation, but is used in the literature for faucalized voice . The Korean consonants also have elements of stiff voice , but it is not yet known how typical this

280-541: A later founder effect diminished the internal variety of both language families. Since the establishment of two independent governments, North–South differences have developed in standard Korean, including variations in pronunciation and vocabulary chosen. However, these minor differences can be found in any of the Korean dialects , which are still largely mutually intelligible . The Chinese language , written with Chinese characters and read with Sino-Xenic pronunciations ,

336-449: A live broadcast on Naver V LIVE broadcasting site to discuss the new album. A performance video for "Chocolate" was released on April 13. Changmin promoted the lead single "Chocolate" on South Korean music shows including KBS Music Bank , MBC Show! Music Core and SBS Inkigayo . A special music video for the track "Me, Myself & I" was also released on April 15. Upon its release, Chocolate debuted number two on

392-572: A master's degree at Inha University . He is also interested in becoming a professional photographer and is a student of photographer Kim Young-joon. The singer originally had planned to marry his non-celebrity girlfriend on September 5, 2020, but the wedding was later postponed due to concerns over the COVID-19 pandemic . The couple subsequently married in a private ceremony on October 25, 2020. His wife gave birth to their first son on October 17, 2022. In January 2008, Changmin volunteered with his father in

448-562: A possible relationship.) Hudson & Robbeets (2020) suggested that there are traces of a pre- Nivkh substratum in Korean. According to the hypothesis, ancestral varieties of Nivkh (also known as Amuric ) were once distributed on the Korean Peninsula before the arrival of Koreanic speakers. Korean syllable structure is (C)(G)V(C), consisting of an optional onset consonant, glide /j, w, ɰ/ and final coda /p, t, k, m, n, ŋ, l/ surrounding

504-537: A regular host. Following the end of the show in March, Changmin joined the cast of sports variety show Cool Kiz On The Block as a cast member and left in 2014. In 2014, Changmin starred in Mnet 's four-episode miniseries Mimi . He next starred in the historical fantasy drama The Scholar Who Walks The Night as Crown Prince Lee Yoon. Changmin is known for his high tenor register, particularly his screams and high notes. He

560-559: A singer. His mother, wanting a chance to meet BoA , urged Changmin to attend the casting auditions anyway. Three days after auditioning, S.M. called Changmin in for a second audition, which he passed. After winning the Best Singer and Best Artist award at S.M.'s 6th Annual Youth Best Contest, Changmin signed with the company. The final lineup of TVXQ consisted of Changmin, U-Know Yunho , Kim Jae-joong , Park Yoo-chun , and Kim Jun-su . The group officially debuted on December 26, 2003, during

616-499: Is a ballad titled "Into the Water", among six other tracks. Bundled with a DVD that includes a music video and behind-the-scenes footage, Close to You was a limited release and was only made available for purchase to members of TVXQ's Japanese fanclub, Bigeast . On March 13, 2020, it was reported that the TVXQ member was preparing to release a solo album. A source from SM Entertainment confirmed

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672-429: Is a collaboration with singer Chungha and has been described as a pop song featuring simple instrumentals, trendy beats, speedy arrangements and vocal harmonies. The lyrics talk about the emotions exchanged between lovers who feel love in different intensities. "Piano" showcases outstanding development while "Me, Myself & I" is a "hipster" R&B track. "No Tomorrow" is a folk-rock track with lyrics about enjoying

728-534: Is also active as a lyricist, and has written for several of the band's music, including 2007's "Evergreen" ( Only Love ), the Korean version of " Love in the Ice " ( Mirotic ), "Confession" ( Keep Your Head Down ), and "I Swear" ( Catch Me ). Changmin has also written for other groups and artists; such as "Sleepless Night", a track in SHINee 's third album Chapter 2. Why So Serious? – The Misconceptions of Me ; and "Ace",

784-603: Is also generated by longstanding alliances, military involvement, and diplomacy, such as between South Korea–United States and China–North Korea since the end of World War II and the Korean War . Along with other languages such as Chinese and Arabic , Korean is ranked at the top difficulty level for English speakers by the United States Department of Defense . Modern Korean descends from Middle Korean , which in turn descends from Old Korean , which descends from

840-656: Is an agglutinative language . The Korean language is traditionally considered to have nine parts of speech . Modifiers generally precede the modified words, and in the case of verb modifiers, can be serially appended. The sentence structure or basic form of a Korean sentence is subject–object–verb (SOV), but the verb is the only required and immovable element and word order is highly flexible, as in many other agglutinative languages. Question 가게에 gage-e store- LOC 가셨어요? ga-syeo-sseo-yo go- HON . PAST - CONJ - POL 가게에 가셨어요? gage-e ga-syeo-sseo-yo store-LOC go-HON.PAST-CONJ-POL 'Did [you] go to

896-511: Is closer to a near-open central vowel ( [ɐ] ), though ⟨a⟩ is still used for tradition. Grammatical morphemes may change shape depending on the preceding sounds. Examples include -eun/-neun ( -은/-는 ) and -i/-ga ( -이/-가 ). Sometimes sounds may be inserted instead. Examples include -eul/-reul ( -을/-를 ), -euro/-ro ( -으로/-로 ), -eseo/-seo ( -에서/-서 ), -ideunji/-deunji ( -이든지/-든지 ) and -iya/-ya ( -이야/-야 ). Some verbs may also change shape morphophonemically. Korean

952-399: Is mainly reserved for specific circumstances such as newspapers, scholarly papers and disambiguation. Today Hanja is largely unused in everyday life but is still important for historical and linguistic studies. The Korean names for the language are based on the names for Korea used in both South Korea and North Korea. The English word "Korean" is derived from Goryeo , which is thought to be

1008-399: Is of faucalized consonants. They are produced with a partially constricted glottis and additional subglottal pressure in addition to tense vocal tract walls, laryngeal lowering, or other expansion of the larynx. /s/ is aspirated [sʰ] and becomes an alveolo-palatal [ɕʰ] before [j] or [i] for most speakers (but see North–South differences in the Korean language ). This occurs with

1064-534: Is the native language for about 81 million people, mostly of Korean descent. It is the national language of both North Korea and South Korea . Beyond Korea, the language is recognized as a minority language in parts of China , namely Jilin , and specifically Yanbian Prefecture , and Changbai County . It is also spoken by Sakhalin Koreans in parts of Sakhalin , the Russian island just north of Japan, and by

1120-716: Is well attested in Western Old Japanese and Northern Ryukyuan languages , in Eastern Old Japanese it only occurs in compounds, and it is only present in three dialects of the Southern Ryukyuan language group . Also, the doublet wo meaning "hemp" is attested in Western Old Japanese and Southern Ryukyuan languages. It is thus plausible to assume a borrowed term. (See Classification of the Japonic languages or Comparison of Japanese and Korean for further details on

1176-511: The Koryo-saram in parts of Central Asia . The language has a few extinct relatives which—along with the Jeju language (Jejuan) of Jeju Island and Korean itself—form the compact Koreanic language family . Even so, Jejuan and Korean are not mutually intelligible . The linguistic homeland of Korean is suggested to be somewhere in contemporary Manchuria . The hierarchy of the society from which

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1232-523: The yangban aristocracy, who looked down upon it too easy to learn. However, it gained widespread use among the common class and was widely used to print popular novels which were enjoyed by the common class. Since few people could understand official documents written in classical Chinese, Korean kings sometimes released public notices entirely written in Hangul as early as the 16th century for all Korean classes, including uneducated peasants and slaves. By

1288-695: The Military Police to fulfill his compulsory national service . He was inducted into the Republic of Korea Armed Forces as a conscripted policeman on November 19, 2015. Changmin received five weeks of basic training at the Chungnam Nonsan Military Training Camp and was the leader of his squad. He was honorably discharged from service on August 18, 2017. CD DVD CD DVD Korean language Korean ( South Korean : 한국어 , Hanguk-eo ; North Korean : 조선어 , Chosŏnŏ )

1344-570: The Proto-Koreanic language , which is generally suggested to have its linguistic homeland somewhere in Manchuria . Whitman (2012) suggests that the proto-Koreans, already present in northern Korea, expanded into the southern part of the Korean Peninsula at around 300 BC and coexisted with the descendants of the Japonic Mumun cultivators (or assimilated them). Both had influence on each other and

1400-557: The Three Kingdoms of Korea (not the ancient confederacies in the southern Korean Peninsula), while " -eo " and " -mal " mean "language" and "speech", respectively. Korean is also simply referred to as guk-eo , literally "national language". This name is based on the same Han characters ( 國語 "nation" + "language") that are also used in Taiwan and Japan to refer to their respective national languages. In North Korea and China ,

1456-814: The 17th century, the yangban had exchanged Hangul letters with slaves, which suggests a high literacy rate of Hangul during the Joseon era. In the context of growing Korean nationalism in the 19th century, the Gabo Reform of 1894 abolished the Confucian examinations and decreed that government documents would be issued in Hangul instead of literary Chinese. Some newspapers were published entirely in Hangul, but other publications used Korean mixed script , with Hanja for Sino-Korean vocabulary and Hangul for other elements. North Korea abolished Hanja in writing in 1949, but continues to teach them in schools. Their usage in South Korea

1512-408: The 20th century. The script uses 24 basic letters ( jamo ) and 27 complex letters formed from the basic ones. When first recorded in historical texts, Korean was only a spoken language . Since the turn of the 21st century, aspects of Korean culture have spread to other countries through globalization and cultural exports . As such, interest in Korean language acquisition (as a foreign language )

1568-588: The World " (2009), a theme song for the anime One Piece . TVXQ was plunged into legal turmoil when members Jaejoong, Yoochun, and Junsu filed an injunction against their agency in July 2009. This led to their much-publicized departure from the group in 2010. A year later, Changmin and Yunho returned as a duo, releasing albums in both Korean and Japanese. As a duo, TVXQ set sales records and concert attendance records in Japan, becoming

1624-631: The Year at the 2008 Mnet KM Music Festival and the 2008 Golden Disc Awards . The album features the group's most well-known and bestselling single, "Mirotic." In 2005, TVXQ made their Japanese debut with the single " Stay with Me Tonight ," debuting at number 37 on the Oricon Singles Chart . They grabbed their first number one single in Japan with " Purple Line " (2008). Their fourth Japanese album The Secret Code spawned two platinum-selling singles " Dōshite Kimi o Suki ni Natte Shimattandarō? " and Share

1680-455: The beginnings of words. /l/ becomes alveolar flap [ɾ] between vowels, and [l] or [ɭ] at the end of a syllable or next to another /l/ . A written syllable-final ' ㄹ ', when followed by a vowel or a glide ( i.e. , when the next character starts with ' ㅇ '), migrates to the next syllable and thus becomes [ɾ] . Traditionally, /l/ was disallowed at the beginning of a word. It disappeared before [j] , and otherwise became /n/ . However,

1736-468: The cleanup of the beaches in Taean , South Korea following the nation's worst oil spill in history. His trip to Taean was intended to be done secretly during a short break from his activities with TVXQ during the new year and was only made known to the media and public when another volunteer posted his sighting on a fan site. The incident was later confirmed by TVXQ's agent. On July 7, 2015, Changmin applied for

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1792-541: The country's bestselling and highest-grossing foreign music act. In 2014, Changmin joined the ballad group S.M. the Ballad , initially formed by S.M. Entertainment in 2010. On the group's 2nd album Breath , he sang the Japanese version of the title track "Breath" with f(x) 's Krystal Jung . Changmin released his first Japanese solo mini album Close to You on November 18, 2015, one day before his enlistment. The lead single

1848-525: The desire of wanting to meet someone you're attracted to. I also heard an artist saying how they write lyrics with life advice they want to give their son, so I often wrote lyrics with the hopes of conveying a message to my fans that will give them strength.” The album incorporates various music genres including pop , R&B and folk-rock . The lead single "Chocolate" is a dance-pop track with lyrics that compare cravings for chocolate to romantic relationships. "High Heels" features " groovy " sounds. "Lie"

1904-399: The first Korean dynasty known to Western nations. Korean people in the former USSR refer to themselves as Koryo-saram or Koryo-in (literally, " Koryo/Goryeo persons"), and call the language Koryo-mal' . Some older English sources also use the spelling "Corea" to refer to the nation, and its inflected form for the language, culture and people, "Korea" becoming more popular in

1960-479: The inflow of western loanwords changed the trend, and now word-initial /l/ (mostly from English loanwords) are pronounced as a free variation of either [ɾ] or [l] . All obstruents (plosives, affricates, fricatives) at the end of a word are pronounced with no audible release , [p̚, t̚, k̚] . Plosive sounds /p, t, k/ become nasals [m, n, ŋ] before nasal sounds. Hangul spelling does not reflect these assimilatory pronunciation rules, but rather maintains

2016-408: The issue between Japanese and Korean, including Alexander Vovin, have argued that the indicated similarities are not due to any genetic relationship , but rather to a sprachbund effect and heavy borrowing, especially from Ancient Korean into Western Old Japanese . A good example might be Middle Korean sàm and Japanese asá , meaning " hemp ". This word seems to be a cognate, but although it

2072-446: The journey of life in difficult times. On March 24, 2020, SM Entertainment and TVXQ released a timeline for Changmin's first extended play through their official homepage and SNS accounts, which shows the singer's promotion schedule beginning March 31 until the release of their album on April 6. Album details were revealed on the same day, with the physical album being available in two different versions- Orange and Gold. According to

2128-618: The language is most often called Joseon-mal , or more formally, Joseon-o . This is taken from the North Korean name for Korea (Joseon), a name retained from the Joseon dynasty until the proclamation of the Korean Empire , which in turn was annexed by the Empire of Japan . In mainland China , following the establishment of diplomatic relations with South Korea in 1992, the term Cháoxiǎnyǔ or

2184-466: The language originates deeply influences the language, leading to a system of speech levels and honorifics indicative of the formality of any given situation. Modern Korean is written in the Korean script ( 한글 ; Hangeul in South Korea, 조선글 ; Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea), a system developed during the 15th century for that purpose, although it did not become the primary script until

2240-451: The late 1800s. In South Korea the Korean language is referred to by many names including hanguk-eo ("Korean language"), hanguk-mal ("Korean speech") and uri-mal ("our language"); " hanguk " is taken from the name of the Korean Empire ( 대한제국 ; 大韓帝國 ; Daehan Jeguk ). The " han " ( 韓 ) in Hanguk and Daehan Jeguk is derived from Samhan , in reference to

2296-542: The main vocalist of TVXQ. He has also starred in several dramas. Changmin was born and raised in Songpa District , Seoul , South Korea to a Buddhist family. He has two younger sisters and both of his parents are teachers. When he was fourteen years old, a talent scout from S.M. Entertainment spotted Changmin while he was singing and playing badminton at the same time during gym class. The scout suggested that he audition for S.M., but Changmin had no interest in becoming

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2352-414: The miniseries Vacation , which had a special premiere and screening at the main auditorium of Yonsei University . He also participated in a number of episodes of Banjun Drama , a popular mini series that aired on SBS network. In 2010, Changmin had a guest role in the action thriller series Athena: Goddess of War , playing a NIS explosives specialist. In 2011, Changmin took on his first lead role in

2408-496: The news and stated, "Changmin is currently working hard, with the goal of releasing his solo album in April." On March 23, 2020, SM Entertainment announced that Changmin would be releasing his debut mini album Chocolate on April 6. The mini-album consists of six songs of varying genres—including the title track "Chocolate" and features a collaboration with Korean singer Chungha . Although Changmin had previously released solo songs in

2464-519: The past, through TVXQ's albums, contributions to soundtracks and as well as a Japanese solo mini-album, Chocolate marked Changmin's official solo debut in Korea after debuting in the band more than 16 years ago. Fellow member Yunho also released his first solo mini-album True Colors the previous year. On December 8, 2021, Changmin released his second Japanese mini album Human . On January 13, 2022, Changmin released his second mini album Devil . Changmin made his acting debut alongside TVXQ in

2520-459: The population was illiterate. In the 15th century King Sejong the Great personally developed an alphabetic featural writing system , known today as Hangul , to promote literacy among the common people. Introduced in the document Hunminjeongeum , it was called eonmun ('colloquial script') and quickly spread nationwide to increase literacy in Korea. The Korean alphabet was denounced by

2576-487: The romantic comedy drama Paradise Ranch opposite Lee Yeon-hee . He also dubbed his own voice for the Japanese release of Paradise Ranch . In 2012, Changmin made his big-screen debut in the Japanese film Fly With the Gold based on the novel by Takamura Kaoru. He plays Momo, a North Korean spy disguised as an engineering student. He has been praised for his fluent Osaka dialect in the film by director Izutsu Kazuyuki. Changmin

2632-405: The same name. The mini album, consisting of six songs of various genres was set to release on April 6. For the album, Changmin worked with globally renowned music producer Thomas Troelsen , Ian Kirkpatrick , Hitimpulse and Yoo Young-jin , among others. The album also features a collaboration with Korean singer Chungha . Changmin participated in the lyric-writing process of the album. When he

2688-660: The short form Cháoyǔ has normally been used to refer to the standard language of North Korea and Yanbian , whereas Hánguóyǔ or the short form Hányǔ is used to refer to the standard language of South Korea. Korean is a member of the Koreanic family along with the Jeju language . Some linguists have included it in the Altaic family, but the core Altaic proposal itself has lost most of its prior support. The Khitan language has several vocabulary items similar to Korean that are not found in other Mongolian or Tungusic languages, suggesting

2744-583: The store?' Response 예/네. ye/ne AFF Chocolate (EP) On March 13, it was reported that the TVXQ member Changmin was preparing to release a solo album. A source from SM Entertainment confirmed the news and released a statement, saying, “Changmin is currently working hard, with the goal of releasing his solo album in April. Please anticipate it.” On March 23, 2020, SM Entertainment announced that Changmin would be making his Korean solo debut with his first mini album titled Chocolate and title track of

2800-441: The tense fricative and all the affricates as well. At the end of a syllable, /s/ changes to /t/ (example: beoseot ( 버섯 ) 'mushroom'). /h/ may become a bilabial [ɸ] before [o] or [u] , a palatal [ç] before [j] or [i] , a velar [x] before [ɯ] , a voiced [ɦ] between voiced sounds, and a [h] elsewhere. /p, t, t͡ɕ, k/ become voiced [b, d, d͡ʑ, ɡ] between voiced sounds. /m, n/ frequently denasalize at

2856-458: The timetable, five sets of teaser photos were to be revealed over the course of five days from March 31 to April 4, along with a mood sampler on each day. On April 4, the first teaser for the music video was unveiled. On April 5, the tracklist was released, side by side with the second and final teaser for the music video. The album and an accompanying music video for the lead single "Chocolate" were released on April 6. The same day, Changmin held

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2912-476: The title track of Taemin 's album Ace ; as well as "My Thoughts, Your Memories", a track on Kyuhyun 's album At Gwanghwamun . Besides his native Korean, Changmin is fluent in Japanese. Changmin graduated from Gaepo High School in 2006 and was accepted into Kyung Hee University in 2009, majoring in postmodern music . In 2011, he pursued a second degree in Film and Arts at Konkuk University . He went on to pursue

2968-464: The underlying, partly historical morphology . Given this, it is sometimes hard to tell which actual phonemes are present in a certain word. The traditional prohibition of word-initial /ɾ/ became a morphological rule called "initial law" ( 두음법칙 ) in the pronunciation standards of South Korea, which pertains to Sino-Korean vocabulary. Such words retain their word-initial /ɾ/ in the pronunciation standards of North Korea. For example, ^NOTE ㅏ

3024-409: Was asked where he gets his inspiration from, he said, “Usually when I write songs, I will hear a word in the demo and get inspiration from that to tell a story. That was the case for ‘Chocolate’ as well. For me, the word "chocolate" feels like a word full of desire. It's not always necessary in a dessert, but if it's there, you find yourself getting addicted and eating it. I wanted to compare chocolate to

3080-487: Was first introduced to Korea in the 1st century BC, and remained the medium of formal writing and government until the late 19th century. Korean scholars adapted Chinese characters (known in Korean as Hanja ) to write their own language, creating scripts known as idu , hyangchal , gugyeol , and gakpil. These systems were cumbersome, due to the fundamental disparities between the Korean and Chinese languages, and accessible only to those educated in classical Chinese. Most of

3136-574: Was nominated for the Newcomer Award at the prestigious 37th annual Hochi Film Awards in Japan, becoming the first Korean artist to be nominated. On January 21, 2013, it was announced that Changmin had won the Newcomer of the Year award at the 36th Japanese Academy Award . In 2013, Changmin became a co-host alongside Kang Ho-dong for the KBS variety show Moonlight Prince . This was Changmin's first stint as

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