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38-520: Anciently inhabited by Osco - Samnite tribes, modern Caserta was established around the defensive tower built in Lombard times by Pando , Prince of Capua . Pando destroyed the original city around 863. The tower is now part of the Palazzo della Prefettura that was once the seat of the counts of Caserta, as well as a royal residence. The original population moved from Casertavecchia (former bishopric seat) to

76-453: A Cancello , San Marco Evangelista , San Nicola la Strada , San Prisco , Sant'Agata de' Goti (BN), Santa Maria Capua Vetere , and Valle di Maddaloni . The city of Caserta is located in the largest flat area of Campania and is surrounded by the Apennine mountains. The particular position favours the beneficial influences of the sea which, especially in winter, makes temperatures mild. During

114-525: A very famous English garden . The city has some experience in hosting major international sports events, such as the EuroBasket 1969 . It is home to JuveCaserta Basket , Italy's 1991 basketball champion. Caserta railway station is a hub for regional and national traffic, and represents an important interchange linking Rome and Naples to Bari . The nearest airport is Naples-Capodichino , located approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) south. Caserta

152-764: A wider conspiracy with the Latin League . They appointed Lucius Furius Camillus dictator, halted business, drafted an army on the spot and sent it into the field against the Aurunci, but "the war was finished in the very first battle". The Romans used the army to complete the conquest of the Volsci at Sora . The Samnites in 343 BC "made an unprovoked attack upon the Sidicini", who appealed to Campania for military assistance and received it. After losing two battles and being penned within Capua ,

190-524: Is an Italian professional basketball team based in Caserta , Campania . The team currently plays in the Serie B1, the third tier of Italian basketball. For past club sponsorship names, see sponsorship names . JuveCaserta was founded by a group of local enthusiasts in 1951. The name Sporting Club Juventus was chosen by Santino Piccolo, a fan of the homonymous Turin football team . The team started playing on

228-514: Is the starting point of the A30 motorway to Salerno and is served by two exits of A1 motorway : Caserta Nord ( Caserta North , near Casagiove and Casapulla ) and Caserta Sud ( Caserta South , near Marcianise and San Marco Evangelista ). Caserta is twinned with: Osci The Osci (also called Oscans , Opici , Opsci , Obsci , Opicans ) were an Italic people of Campania and Latium adiectum before and during Roman times. They spoke

266-728: The Campanians offered themselves to Rome with tears and prostrations in the Senate House. The Senate accepted the offer and granted assistance on the grounds that Campania would be an ally in the rear of the Aequi and Volsci in case of further conflict with them. When Roman envoys presented the Samnite Senate with demands for withdrawal from Campania, the answer was no; moreover, the envoys were allowed to hear staged orders of Samnite commanders to their troops to march on Campania immediately. So began

304-759: The Oscan language , also spoken by the Samnites of Southern Italy . Although the language of the Samnites was called Oscan , the Samnites were never referred to as Osci, nor were the Osci called Samnites. Traditions of the Opici fall into the legendary period of Italian history , roughly from the beginning of the first millennium BC until the foundation of the Roman Republic . No consensus can be reached concerning their location and language. By

342-632: The Volsci in their struggle against Rome. In 495 BC, putting an army on the march for Rome, they sent envoys ahead to demand the withdrawal of the Romans from Volscian territory. The consul Publius Servilus Priscus Structus met them on the march at Arricia and "in one battle finished the war". No more is heard of the Oscans for almost a century. In the last half of the 4th century BC, the remaining Oscan populations (who were not Samnites ) lived in three sovereign states:

380-523: The Volsci , a tribe occupying the Volsci Mountains overlooking and including the Pontine Marshes . During the final revolt of the Volsci, the Romans had sacked and levelled Satricum about 346 BC and had sold the remaining 4,000 fighting men into slavery. For whatever reasons, the Aurunci chose this moment to send a marauding expedition against the Romans. Panic ensued in the city. The senators saw

418-569: The "high sea" near Sicily was still named Ausonian even though the Ausonians never lived near it. Aurunci is the Roman name for Ausones by a commonplace change of an s to an r in Latin: *Ausuni> *Auruni> *Aurunici> Aurunci. They were perhaps the same people in the early Roman Republic . In the 4th century BC, the names came to be applied to distinct tribes. A people called the Aurunci by Livy appear

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456-498: The First Samnite War (343–341 BC). The Roman Senate declared war, the people ratified the declaration, and two consular armies were sent into Samnium and Campania respectively. For two years the Romans knew only victories until at last the Samnites sued for the restoration of their former alliance with one condition: they would be free to war on the Sidicini if they wished. The Romans had an agreement with Campania, but none with

494-574: The Latin camp, received separate treaties from Rome. In 337, the Sidicini attacked the Aurunci for no reason given by Livy. The Roman Senate decided that the terms of the latter's treaty warranted military intervention, but meanwhile the Aurunci abandoned their towns in Campania in favour of a mountain stronghold, Suessa , which they renamed Aurunca. Further events escalated the conflict: the Ausones of Cales joined

532-520: The Opici lived in "the part of Italy towards Tyrrhenia " and were also called Ausones . Antiochus of Syracuse agreed that the Opici were Ausones and placed them in Campania . Strabo , however, the chief source for the fragments of Antiochus, himself distinguished between the Osci and the Ausones, remarking that the Osci had disappeared, but the Romans still used their dialect as a literary language, and that

570-512: The Roman state. The Osci kept their independence by playing one state against another, especially the Romans and Samnites. Their sovereignty was finally lost during the Second Samnite War when, prior to invading Samnium, the Romans found it necessary to secure the border tribes. After the war, the Oscans assimilated quickly to Roman culture. Their cultural legacy survived only in place names and literary references. According to Aristotle ,

608-638: The Romans defeated the Latin League , taking away the sovereignty of its tribal states, who subsequently assimilated to Rome. The consul, Lucius Furius Camillus, asked the Senate: "Do you wish to adopt ruthless measures against a people that have surrendered and been defeated? ... Or do you wish to follow the example of your ancestors and make Rome greater by conferring her citizenship on those whom she has defeated?" The Senate chose to offer different terms to different Latin cities. Colonists were placed throughout Latium. The Aurunci and Sidicini, who had been perforce in

646-457: The Sidicini, the Aurunci and the Ausones . The Sidicini's capital city was Teanum , which minted its own coins bearing inscriptions in the Oscan language . The town of Cales was the capital of the Ausones . The beginning of the end of Oscan sovereignty was their attempted exploitation of an opportunity to maraud against the Romans in the period of instability following a major victory against

684-451: The Sidicini. In 335, the Romans sent a consular army under Marcus Valerius Corvus to lay siege to Cales. Informed by an escaped prisoner (who broke his chains and climbed the wall in plain sight without being observed) that the enemy were all drunk and sleeping, Corvus took the city in a night-time rout and garrisoned it. The Senate voted to send 2,500 colonists, to whom enemy land was distributed. The Ausoni were never again sovereign. After

722-581: The Sidicini. The Senate bought peace by ratifying the treaty and paying off their army. The Samnites used their army to attack the Sidicini again. In desperation, the latter offered themselves to Rome but were turned down on the grounds that they were too late. The Sidicini allied with a force being raised by the Latin league against the Samnites. They were joined by the Campanians. A multi-national army began to devastate Samnium. The Samnites now appealed to Rome under

760-412: The city prospers. Smith accords with the general conclusion that between 335 and 326, most likely in 334, the Sidicini consented to lay down their arms and become part of the greater Roman municipality. Livy's omission remains unexplained. The Aurunci similarly disappeared from tradition after they became subject to Rome. After the Samnites were pacified, the region kept the peace and was prosperous. It

798-646: The clay courts of the Liceo Classico Pietro Giannone. The side played in the 1985–86 and 1986–87 finals of the first division Serie A before finally winning the competition in 1990–91, the first team from the south of Italy to do so. They had earlier won the Italian Cup in 1988 and reached the European Cup Winners' Cup final in 1989. Following the 1997–98 season, the club went bankrupt. In 2004, two lower-level Caserta-based teams merged under

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836-532: The current site in the sixteenth century. Casertavecchia was built on the Roman town of Casa Irta , meaning "home village located above" and later contracted as "Caserta". The city and its vicinity were the property of the Acquaviva family , who, being pressed by huge debts, sold all the land to King Charles VII of Naples . The royal family then selected Caserta for the construction of their new palace which, being inland,

874-446: The earliest in history. In 503 BC, the Latin colonies of Cora and Pometia rebelled against Roman authority, obtaining the assistance of the Aurunci, seat unknown. Two consular armies sent against them won after a hard-fought battle in which "many more were killed than were taken prisoners; the prisoners were everywhere butchered, even the hostages ... fell a victim to the enemy's bloodthirsty rage". The enemy fell back on Pometia, which

912-479: The end of this period, the Oscan language had evolved and was spoken by a number of sovereign tribal states. By far the most important of these in terms of military prowess and wealth was the Samnites , who rivalled Rome for about 50 years in the second half of the 4th century BC, sometimes being allies, and sometimes at war with the city, until they were finally subdued with considerable difficulty and were incorporated into

950-515: The fall of Cales, both consular armies were sent against the Sidicini , who fortified themselves in Teanum with a large army. Livy does not reveal the outcome of this campaign. The Romans were struck by a plague (the most typical plague in the region was malaria , carried by the marsh mosquitos); both consuls were relieved for suspicion of impiety, but the Roman army remained among the Sidicini. Livy changes

988-507: The most visited monuments in Italy, the palace has more than 1200 rooms, decorated in various styles. It has been the set for several famous movies such as Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace , Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones , Angels & Demons , and Mission: Impossible III . The park is 2 miles (3.2 km) long and contains many waterfalls, lakes, and gardens, including

1026-628: The name of JuveCaserta. That side returned to the Serie A in 2008 after winning the LegaDue promotion playoffs. Finishing in second-place in the league during the 2009–10 season, Caserta reached the playoff semi-finals but lost the series against Armani Jeans Milano 2-3. The next season saw the side lose in the EuroLeague first qualifying round to Russian team Khimki, playing instead in the Eurocup where they reached

1064-438: The pastor of an evangelical, charismatic-Pentecostal Protestant church. The Pope apologized for the complicity of some Catholics in the persecution of Protestant Pentecostals during the fascist regime in Italy. Caserta is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Naples . Its municipality borders with Capua , Casagiove , Casapulla , Castel Morrone , Curti , Limatola ( BN ), Maddaloni , Marcianise , Recale , San Felice

1102-477: The quarterfinals where they narrowly lost to UNICS . In July 2017, Juvecaserta Basket was excluded by CONI from the 2017–18 LBA season , due to financial issues. Vanoli Cremona was reprieved and took the place of Juvecaserta. In the 2017–18 season, the team would play in the Serie D, the fifth tier. Note: Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA -sanctioned events. Players may hold other non-FIBA nationalities not displayed. To appear in this section

1140-526: The statue; a Latin envoy, Lucius Annaeus, slipped on the stairs while railing against Jupiter and hit his head, becoming unconscious. At that moment, a thunderstorm burst on the Senate House. Interpreting these events as a sign the Romans declared war on the Latins and their allies and allied themselves with the Samnites. The two years of conflict, 340–338, is known as the Latin War . In a number of legendary battles,

1178-481: The summer season, this area is one of the hottest in the region, with maximum temperatures sometimes exceeding 30 degrees. The inland areas extend to the surrounding mountains, often affected by the cold currents of the north-east with fairly low temperatures and snow in winter. The Matese is the coldest and snowiest in the whole area. The city of Caserta distinguished itself during the Second World War; in fact, it

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1216-468: The terms of the treaty. As the price for submitting to Rome, the Latins demanded a new common government, with one consul and half the Senate to be elected from the Latins. When Titus Manlius Torquatus , one of the consuls for 340 BC, heard these conditions, he swore by Jupiter's statue that if the Senate accepted them he would kill every Latin in the Senate House with drawn sword. Emotional posturing began around

1254-522: The terms of their treaty, asking if in fact, Rome was sovereign over Campania. The Romans disavowed any agreement that would restrain the Campanians and Latins from making war on whomever else they pleased. Encouraged by Roman refusal to assume leadership, the Latins made plans to turn their army against Rome once the Samnite threat had been neutralized. Word of the plans leaked to the Romans, who reacted by inviting ten Latin chiefs to Rome to receive orders under

1292-477: The topic to relations with the Samnites in preparation for his account of the Second Samnite War (326–304 BC). The Sidicini do not appear in that war or ever again in history, but Teanum goes on as Teanum Sidicinum and its territory as Sidicinus ager. If the Romans had fought a great battle and had obliterated the Sidicini there would be some mention of it or some evidence of a discontinuity at Teano. Instead,

1330-846: Was a popular vacation spot, being on high ground away from the pestilential air, which today is recognized to be the malaria mosquito. Their debauchery was adopted by the larger Roman society over time, and the term Osci loqui or Obsci loqui came to mean licentious or lewd language. Another vestige of the Oscans at Rome was the Atellan Farce , also known as the Oscan Games, which were masked improvised farces in Ancient Rome . The Oscan athletic games were very popular, and usually preceded by longer pantomime plays. JuveCaserta Basket Sporting Club JuveCaserta (sometimes spelled Juve Caserta), also known as Decò Caserta after its title sponsor,

1368-477: Was besieged by the Romans. The Aurunci sallied out, burned the siege towers, massacred the troops and grievously wounded one of the consuls. The Romans withdrew but returned later in greater force. Taking the town, they beheaded the Aurunci officers, sold the Pometians into slavery, levelled the buildings and put the land up for sale. The Aurunci appear one more time in the early republic in a failed attempt to support

1406-477: Was decorated with the gold medal for civil valor and the bronze medal for military valour for the heroic actions and losses suffered during the war. The city was fiercely bombed and suffered a violent reprisal, but it managed to resist and, with the return of peace, all the people collaborated in the reconstruction of Caserta. Carlo Marino, mayor of Caserta, was elected mayor of Caserta in June 2016 with 62.74%. As one of

1444-593: Was seen as more defensible than the previous palace fronting the Bay of Naples. At the end of World War II , the royal palace served as the seat of the Supreme Allied Commander . The first Allied war trial took place there in 1945; German general Anton Dostler was sentenced to death and executed nearby, in Aversa . Pope Francis visited Caserta on Monday, 28 June 2014, together with a friend named Giovanni Traettino,

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