34-563: The Canterbury Association was formed in 1848 in England by members of parliament , peers , and Anglican church leaders, to establish a colony in New Zealand . The settlement was to be called Canterbury , with its capital to be known as Christchurch . Organised emigration started in 1850 and the colony was established on the South Island . The First Four Ships brought out settlers steeped in
68-674: A colony sponsored by the Church of England . John Sumner (the Archbishop of Canterbury ) served as the President of the Association's Committee of Management, and the Committee itself included several other bishops and clergy, as well as members of the peerage and Members of Parliament . At its first meeting the Association decided upon names. The settlement was to be called "Canterbury" (presumably after
102-594: A five-year cycle, or when a snap election is called. Since the Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Act 2022 , Parliament is automatically dissolved once five years have elapsed from its first meeting after an election. If a vacancy arises at another time, due to death or resignation , then a constituency vacancy may be filled by a by-election. Under the Representation of the People Act 1981 any MP sentenced to over
136-469: A member of Parliament is to do what they think in their faithful and disinterested judgement is right and necessary for the honour and safety of Great Britain. The second duty is to their constituents, of whom they are the representative but not the delegate. Burke's famous declaration on this subject is well known. It is only in the third place that their duty to party organisation or programme takes rank. All these three loyalties should be observed, but there
170-758: A newly established provincial government (the Canterbury Province ). As a result, affairs of the Canterbury Association were wound up in 1855 and outstanding settlement lands were handed over to the Canterbury Province. Charlotte Jane and Randolph arrived in Lyttelton Harbour on 16 December 1850, Sir George Seymour the following day, and Cressy on 27 December, having set sail from England in September 1850. The British press dubbed
204-496: A person must be at least 18 years old and be a citizen of the UK , a Commonwealth nation, or Ireland . A person is not required to be registered to vote, nor are there any restrictions regarding where a candidate is a resident. The House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 outlaws the holders of various positions from being MPs. These include civil servants , regular police officers (but not special constables ), regular members of
238-531: A political party, they may act in the interests of that party, subordinate to the other two responsibilities. Canterbury Province The Canterbury Province was a province of New Zealand from 1853 until the abolition of provincial government in 1876. Its capital was Christchurch . Canterbury was founded in December 1850 by the Canterbury Association of influential Englishmen associated with
272-572: A prison sentence of a year or more. People in respect of whom a bankruptcy restrictions order has effect are disqualified from (existing) membership of the House of Commons (details differ slightly in different countries). Members are not permitted to resign their seats. In practice, however, they always can. Should a member wish to resign from the Commons , they may request appointment to one of two ceremonial Crown offices: that of Crown Steward and Bailiff of
306-498: A year in jail automatically vacates their seat. For certain types of lesser acts of wrongdoing, the Recall of MPs Act 2015 mandates that a recall petition be opened; if signed by more than 10% of registered voters within the constituency, the seat is vacated. In the past, only male adult property owners could stand for Parliament. In 1918, women acquired the right to stand for Parliament , and to vote. To be eligible to stand as an MP,
340-579: Is comparable to a cabinet . The following 26 Executive Councils existed: Each New Zealand province celebrates an anniversary day. Canterbury Province's was originally 16 December, the day of the 1850 arrival of the Charlotte Jane and the Randolph . Since 1862, an A&P (Agricultural and Pastoral) show has been held annually. Its Friday Show Day was set for many years on the People's Day and, sometime in
374-414: Is no doubt of the order in which they stand under any healthy manifestation of democracy. Theoretically, contemporary MPs are considered to have two duties, or three if they belong to a political party. Their primary responsibility is to act in the national interest. They must also act in the interests of their constituents, where this does not override their primary responsibility. Finally, if they belong to
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#1732852026987408-772: The Church of England . (An attempt was initially made to restrict residence in the province to members of the church but this was abandoned.) The Charlotte Jane and the Randolph —the first two of the First Four Ships —arrived in the area on 16 December 1850, later celebrated as the province's Anniversary Day . In 1852, the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 , which amongst other things established provincial councils . The Constitution contained specific provisions for
442-735: The Clarendon Hotel . One session in 1858 was held in the town hall on what is now High Street; the town hall was in the section north of Lichfield Street. On 28 September 1859, the council first met in what became known as the Timber Chamber of the Canterbury Provincial Council Buildings . The Stone Chamber of the Provincial Council Buildings was used from November 1865. Following the West Coast gold rush ,
476-818: The New Zealand Railways Department in 1876. Charles Simeon was the returning officer for the first election of a Superintendent. The nomination meeting was held at the Christchurch Land Office (the site now occupied by Our City ), and there were three polling stations: in Christchurch at the Resident Magistrate's Court, in Lyttelton at the Resident Magistrate's Court, and in Akaroa . Canterbury had four Superintendents: The Executive Council
510-447: The Parliament of the United Kingdom passed the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 , which amongst other things established provincial councils . The Constitution contained specific provisions for the Canterbury Association; the first being that the new General Assembly ( New Zealand Parliament ) could not amend the legislation establishing the Canterbury Association, the second being that the Canterbury Association could hand its powers to
544-629: The Senedd (Welsh Parliament) or the Northern Ireland Assembly are also ineligible for the Commons according to the Wales and Northern Ireland (Miscellaneous Provisions) Acts respectively, passed in 2014 (but members of the Scottish Parliament are eligible). People who are bankrupt cannot stand to be MPs. The Representation of the People Act 1981 excludes persons who are currently serving
578-593: The United Kingdom , a member of Parliament ( MP ) is an individual elected to serve in the House of Commons , the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . All 650 members of the UK House of Commons are elected using the first-past-the-post voting system in single member constituencies across the whole of the United Kingdom, where each constituency has its own single representative. All MP positions become simultaneously vacant for elections held on
612-573: The armed forces (but not reservists), and some judges . Members of the House of Lords were not permitted to hold Commons seats until the passing of the House of Lords Reform Act 2014 , which allows retired or resigned members of the House of Lords to stand or re-stand as MPs. Members of legislatures outside of the Commonwealth are excluded, with the exemption of the Irish legislature . Additionally, members of
646-610: The 1860s South Canterbury made two bids to become separate province but this was rejected by the national government. Instead in 1867 the General Assembly created the Timaru and Gladstone Board of Works which received a proportion of the Canterbury provincial land revenues and was authorised to maintain and build the Timaru harbour and local roads and bridges. When the province was abolished,
680-718: The Archbishop of Canterbury), and the seat of the settlement was " Christchurch " (after the Oxford college Christ Church , at which Godley had studied). The Association re-targeted its planned settlement from the Wairarapa to the Banks Peninsula hinterland, where it arranged to buy land from the New Zealand Company for 10 shillings per acre (4,000 m). The Association then sold the land to its colonists for £3 per acre, reserving
714-569: The Canterbury Association. (In order of arrival.) Member of Parliament (United Kingdom) King Charles III [REDACTED] William, Prince of Wales [REDACTED] Charles III ( King-in-Council ) [REDACTED] Starmer ministry ( L ) Keir Starmer ( L ) Angela Rayner ( L ) ( King-in-Parliament ) [REDACTED] Charles III [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] The Lord Reed The Lord Hodge Andrew Bailey Monetary Policy Committee In
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#1732852026987748-552: The Canterbury Association; the first being that the new General Assembly ( New Zealand Parliament ) could not amend the legislation establishing the Canterbury Association, the second being that the Canterbury Association could hand its powers to a newly established provincial government (the Canterbury Province). Elections were held in 1853 for Superintendent and, later that year, for the 12-member council. These elections predated any elected national assembly. The franchise
782-568: The Chiltern Hundreds , or that of Crown Steward and Bailiff of the Manor of Northstead . These offices are sinecures (that is, they involve no actual duties); they exist solely to permit the "resignation" of members of the House of Commons. The Chancellor of the Exchequer is responsible for making the appointment, and, by convention, never refuses to do so when asked by a member who desires to leave
816-523: The House of Commons. Members of Parliament are entitled to use the post-nominal initials MP. MPs are referred to as "honourable" as a courtesy only during debates in the House of Commons (e.g., "the honourable member for ..."), or if they are the children of peers below the rank of marquess ("the honourable [first name] [surname]"). Those who are members of the Privy Council use the form The Right Honourable ( The Rt Hon. ) Name MP. The first duty of
850-786: The West Coast was separated from the Province with the formation of the County of Westland on the West Coast with the boundary line defined as the crest of the Southern Alps . In 1873 the County formed its own Province, the short-lived Westland Province . In the south the course of the Waitaki River was not known and disputes arose with the Province of Otago over pastoral leases in the inland high country. In
884-734: The area was distributed across eight counties . The Ferrymead Railway was the first railway to be opened (1863) and closed (1868) in New Zealand. It was made obsolete by the opening of a new 8 miles (13 km) line through a tunnel giving Christchurch access to the better port of Lyttelton . The mainlines of the Canterbury Provincial Railways were Irish gauge (5 feet 3 inches or 1.60 meters) with some branch lines in Colonial gauge (3 feet 6 inches or 1.07 meters). These lines were all eventually absorbed into
918-407: The colony shows in the same poster's requirement that the clergyman of their parish should vouch for applicants, and in the specific earmarking of some of the proceeds from land sales for church endowments. Godley (with his family) went out to New Zealand in early 1850 to oversee the preparations for the settlement (surveying, roads, accommodation, etc.) already undertaken by a large team of men under
952-552: The direction of Captain Joseph Thomas . These preparations were advanced, but incomplete when the first ships of settlers arrived on 16 December 1850 – Godley halted them shortly after his arrival in April due to the mounting debts of the Association. Lord Lyttelton , Sir John Simeon, 3rd Baronet , Edward Gibbon Wakefield , and Lord Richard Cavendish guaranteed £15,000 to the Association, which saved it from financial collapse. In 1852,
986-426: The local newspapers of the time reported the ship's arrival but did not usually identify the commissioning organisation, only the port of origin or intended destination, the ship's master or captain, tonnage, and the date of arrival or departure. Cargo might also be reported. This means the ships on a particular list may depend on the inclusion criteria. Overall, these 28 ships listed below appear to be emigrant ships of
1020-611: The portion of the province west of the Southern Alps was split off as Westland in 1867. Upon the establishment of the University of New Zealand in 1870, its Christchurch campus housed the system's headquarters. On the east coast the province was bounded by the Hurunui River in the north and the Waitaki River in the south. The boundary on the west coast was largely undefined before the West Coast became its own province. In 1868
1054-664: The region's history. The Association was not a financial success for the founding members and the organisation was wound up in 1855. The Association, founded in London on 27 March 1848, was incorporated by Royal Charter on 13 November 1849. The prime movers were Edward Gibbon Wakefield and John Robert Godley . Wakefield was heavily involved in the New Zealand Company , which had already established four other colonies in New Zealand ( Wellington , Nelson , Petre and Otago ) by that time. Wakefield approached Godley to help him establish
Canterbury Association - Misplaced Pages Continue
1088-469: The rest, the additional £2 10s, for use in "public objects such as emigration, roads, and Church and school endowments" (20 shillings = £1). The provision of funds for emigration allowed the Association to offer assisted passages to members of the working classes with desirable skills for the new colony. A poster advertising the assisted passages specifically mentions "Gardeners, Shep[herd]s, Farm Servants, Labourers and Country Mechanics". The religious nature of
1122-655: The settlers on these first four ships "Canterbury Pilgrims." A further 24 shiploads of Canterbury Association settlers, making a total of approximately 3,500, arrived over the next two-and-a-half years. Sources vary about the exact number of emigrant ships that the Canterbury Association sent to New Zealand. Some ships stopped at intermediate ports, either for repairs or because they had passengers for those ports. Ports such as Nelson or Wellington were also Ports of Entry , so immigrants might be recorded as arriving at that port before trans-shipping to Lyttelton (known as Port Victoria ) and Canterbury. Shipping intelligence reported in
1156-557: Was extended to men over the age of 21 who owned property in the province. As a result, affairs of the Canterbury Association were wound up in 1855 and outstanding settlement lands handed over to the Canterbury Province. The first meeting place was the former office of the Guardian and Advertiser , Canterbury's second newspaper, on Chester Street near the Avon River . In 1866, the council moved to Guise Brittan 's house, which later became part of
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