The Cananea strike , also known as the Cananea riot , or the Cananea massacre , took place in the Mexican mining town of Cananea , Sonora , in June 1906. Although the workers were forced to return to their positions with no demand being met, the action was a key event in the general unrest that emerged during the final years of the regime of President Porfirio Díaz and that prefigured the Mexican Revolution of 1910. In the incident, twenty-three people died, on both sides, twenty-two were injured, and more than fifty were arrested.
74-473: The Cananea Copper Company was founded by American entrepreneur William Cornell Greene in 1896. Greene was receiving allowances from Porfirio Díaz's government. They enabled Greene to build the mine into one of the most essential mines in Mexico, and to also gain control over land and cattle, transportation networks, and lumber mills. This gave Greene infinite sovereignty over a large amount of Mexican land, as well as
148-491: A deep hole with a strong current, where there was originally just a shallow swimming pool. Ella's younger sister Eva survived because she remained on the riverbank while the two older girls went in. Greene blamed Burnett for the death of his daughter and immediately sought revenge. In Tombstone on July 1, he found Burnett on Allen Street near the O.K. Corral and shot him to death with his revolver. Afterwards he calmly surrendered himself to Sheriff Scott White. Although Burnett
222-522: A half pesos per day while the 2,200 American workers there were earning five pesos for the same job. Organised strike action against the company by the American employees had occurred in 1903, setting an unintended example for the Mexican workers. Conditions in which the Mexican employees worked were deplorable. During the celebrations of Cinco de Mayo , the Mexican employees made public their complaints, while
296-445: A local sightseeing attraction here. According to the results of INEGI , Hermosillo is Mexico's 16th largest city, with 812,229 people. Other important communities in the municipality include Miguel Alemán (30,869), Bahía Kino (6,050), San Pedro el Saucito (2,938), El Tazajal (2,062), La Victoria (1,966), Zamora (1,049), and Mesa Del Seri (908). The recent city population spur is due to its recent strong industrialization, especially in
370-724: A man of "great heart," married the widowed Mary. The marriage was performed with a prenuptial agreement that Wiswall not have access to the assets of the estate and that he would be considered a permanent employee of Greene Emporium. Wiswall died in 1953 and Mary in 1955; Greene's son, William, was determined to bring his father's remains to Cananea, where he was buried in the heart of the city's cemetery in 1956. Hermosillo Hermosillo ( Latin American Spanish: [eɾmoˈsiʝo] ), formerly called Pitic (as in Santísima Trinidad del Pitic and Presidio del Pitic ),
444-473: A new dam on his property and, according to tradition, blow up Greene's dam with dynamite. That's when tragedy occurred. On the day after the dam was destroyed, on June 25, Greene's daughter Ella and a friend named Katie Corcoran went down to swim at their favorite spot along the San Pedro, but were swept away and drowned in the current. Apparently, the blast from the dynamite had altered the river's channel, creating
518-574: A popular investor and writer of his day, created a selling frenzy on Wall Street that sent the price of shares spiraling down. There was some recovery to the share price but the situation worsened in May 1906 when the company was under siege by hostile miners unhappy about unequal pay. There was a call for help and Greene Consolidated was quickly supported by the local Sonoran Rurales and the Arizona Rangers , who entered Sonora against orders. In addition to
592-423: A recreational park named La Sauceda. In 2009, Standard & Poor's rated the municipality of Hermosillo as (mxA/Estable/-) based on its administrative practices, financial flexibility and limited financial risks. Financial management of the municipality has been prudent, with adequate documentation of practices. Debt levels have also been prudent at about 33% of gross income, which might decline in 2010. However,
666-551: A surveying party member of the Northern Pacific Railroad . He left the Railroad and then in 1870 staked out the site of Fargo, North Dakota , before becoming involved with various businesses. He worked in both mining and cattle-raising industries across the west, which included Montana , Colorado , Arizona , and northern Mexico. He was reported to have had numerous encounters with local native tribes and outlaws that roamed
740-744: A very short time one of the richest sources of copper ore in the world, with an average output over 70 million pounds per year. Accordingly, Greene himself soon became one of the wealthiest businessmen in the United States and based on his success soon created a number of other ventures; the Pacific Coast Coal Company, Greene Consolidated Gold Company, the Cananea Railroad Company, the Sierra Madre Land and Lumber Company, as well as many others. None of his other ventures ever produced
814-701: Is 49.5 °C (121.1 °F), which was achieved in June 2014. In recent years, the lowest temperature was −4 °C (24.8 °F), in December. Most of the regional flora consists of mesquite trees, with an added mixture of blue agave , desert ironwood , palo verde and the huisache . Native fauna includes the desert tortoise , several species of rattlesnake and kingsnake , mule deer (locally called ‘coues’ deer), collared peccary , ringtail , ocelot , puma , desert bighorn sheep , opossum , raccoon , coyote , and bobcat . Black bear may be observed on occasion, on
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#1732855533796888-484: Is a city in the center of the northwestern Mexican state of Sonora . It is the municipal seat of the Hermosillo municipality , the state's capital and largest city, as well as the primary economic center for the state and the region. As of 2020, the city has a population of 936,263, making it the 18th largest city in Mexico. The recent increase in the city's population is due to expanded industrialization, especially within
962-619: Is famous. On September 5, 1828, by decree no. 77 of the H. Legislature of the State of the West, the name Villa del Pitic was deleted and the name of the City of Hermosillo was imposed, in honor of the general jalisciense José María González de Hermosillo who in the late 1810s had carried the task of the national insurrection to lands Sinaloenses , then part of the Western State as well. On March 12, 1831,
1036-602: Is practiced along the coast with shrimp being the most important catch. Industry and manufacturing has been the most dynamic sector of the economy. Much of this began in the 1980s with the establishment of the automobile industry, specifically the Hermosillo Stamping & Assembly plant owned and operated by Ford Motor Company . Electronics and IT are the largest employers by both revenue and number of employees. Today, there are twenty-six major manufacturers, which generate about 68,300 jobs, employing about thirty percent of
1110-677: The Noals . At the beginning of the 20th century, Hermosillo had about 14,000 inhabitants. During the Mexican Revolution , forces loyal to Francisco 'Pancho' Villa were expelled from the city by General Manuel M. Diéguez. After the assassination of Francisco I. Madero in 1913, Venustiano Carranza , then governor of Coahuila sought refuge in Hermosillo. Here Carranza began the Constitutionalist Movement ; because of this, Hermosillo has
1184-458: The Porfirio Díaz administration's corruption, subservience to foreign interests and civil repression. They became "household words for hundreds of thousands of Mexicans". The local impact was, however, more limited. A new company manager, Dr Louis D. Ricketts , with extensive mining experience was appointed and introduced enlightened wage and employment practices. By 1912, the foreign element in
1258-614: The Rayos de Hermosillo has been Hermosillo's professional basketball club. The Rayos play in the Circuito de Baloncesto de la Costa del Pacífico (CIBACOPA) and play their home games at the Gimnasio del Estado. They have won three league titles (2012, 2013, 2019 ). Since 2013, the city has been home to Cimarrones de Sonora FC, an association football club who currently play in the Liga de Expansión MX ,
1332-471: The wood shop of the company, the American employees in charge of that department, the Metcalf brothers, turned hoses on them and then fired shots, killing three people. The angry mob set the building on fire, burning four American occupants to death. When the crowd approached the government building of the municipal president they were received by a 275-man American posse led by an Arizona Ranger acting against
1406-656: The 1700s, when the mission villages of Our Lady of The Populace, Our Lady of Angels, and the Holy Trinity of Pitic were founded. They collected members of the Yaqui , Seri , Tepoca, and Pima Bajo peoples. Years earlier, internal difficulties had occurred between the Tepoca and the Bajo Pima peoples. The Spanish wanted to bring them into the mission villages to have more control over their work. The villages and city were intended to contain
1480-657: The American interventionists left the town by rail, to return across the border. Mexican Rurales and Federal soldiers then disarmed the strikers and made arrests. According to Colonel Green, the "trouble was incited by a Socialistic organization that has been formed by malcontents opposed to the Díaz government." Shortly before the strike, a political party called the Partido Liberal Mexicano (PLM) had been established with wide support. The PLM quickly became involved in aggressively pressing for industrial and rural reform. At both
1554-623: The Constitutionalist Movement. As a result, Hermosillo is nicknamed the "revolutionary capital of the country." From the late 19th century, until around 1920, Chinese immigrants entered the state of Sonora as laborers. A significant number settled in the city of Hermosillo. Some of these immigrants established businesses, especially shoe manufacturing and clothing. Some of the most successful Chinese-owned businesses in Sonora were based in Hermosillo, and sold their merchandise to other parts of
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#17328555337961628-666: The French-controlled Rio Blanco textile factory and the American-owned Cananea Copper Company mine, PLM literature was subsequently to be found distributed through the workers' settlements. The presumed strike leaders were arrested by the Mexican authorities and sentenced to jail terms of up to fifteen years. They were released in May 1911, during the Mexican Revolution. Although the government forces present had behaved with relative restraint,
1702-580: The Governor's orders. Other workers were killed, while the strike leaders were sent to prison. Contemporary news reports in The New York Times on June 3, 1906, reported that on June 1, strikers destroyed a lumber mill and killed two brothers who were defending the mine - an apparent reference to the Metcalfe incident recorded above. Eleven casualties were reported among the Mexican "rioters". About half of
1776-526: The Second Mexican Empire of Maximilian of Habsburg , republican troops commanded by the general Ángel Martínez [ es ] attacked and seized the city, which was being defended by the Second Mexican Empire under Colonel María Tranquilino Almada. However, a few hours later, it fell back into the hands of the forces of the Second Empire. On November 13, 1866, General Martinez again took
1850-741: The Seri and Tepoca Indians, to protect the Hispanic expansion. It was called the Real Presidio de San Pedro de la Conquista , named after Viceroy Don Pedro de Castro y Figueroa, Duke of the Conquest and Marquis of Grace. The explorer in charge of the foundation of the peoples was Juan Bautista de Escalante [ es ] , who pacified tensions. On May 18, 1700, he gave a speech that was documented, in part: "Sending them to have no wars from now on, but to live as Christians and to deal with each other with fairs of
1924-461: The State of Sonora was founded and Hermosillo was its first capital from 14 May of that year to May 25, 1832, when the capital powers were transferred to the city of Arizpe . In 1837, the city was erected at the head of the district of its name. On the same date, Don Pascual Iñigo began the construction of the Chapel of Our Lady of Carmen. On October 14, 1852, in the city, a section of filibusters under
1998-519: The U.S. proprietor William Greene rather than professional book-keepers and managers. Order was kept by a private police force maintained by the company, and labour relations were strained. The only source of foodstuffs and other commodities was a company store, which reportedly sold its goods at high prices. By 1906, the Nogales -based Cananea Consolidated Copper Company had some 5,360 Mexican workers employed at its Cananea copper mines , earning three and
2072-451: The area by bringing in mining equipment and modern agricultural equipment. Since then, the city has been an economic center for northwest Mexico. During the Mexican Revolution , beginning in 1910, forces loyal to Pancho Villa were expelled from the city by General Manuel M. Diéguez. After the assassination of Francisco I. Madero in 1913, Venustiano Carranza , then governor of Coahuila , sought refuge in Hermosillo. Here, Carranza began
2146-499: The area has been inhabited by humans for about 3,000 years. Evidence of agriculture dates back 2,500 years. In the pre-Hispanic era, this area was inhabited by the historic Seri , Tepoca, and Pima peoples. The first encounter between the Spanish and the indigenous peoples of the area occurred in the middle of the 16th century, when European explorers came in search of gold. The Spanish explorers were followed by Jesuit missionaries in
2220-463: The areas where he prospected. In 1897, Greene and his family were living on a ranch along the San Pedro River , near what is today the town of Sierra Vista, Arizona . That year Greene built a small dam along the river to water his alfalfa fields, which infuriated his neighbor, James C. Burnett. Burnett, who was looking to expand his own ranch, retaliated by hiring a crew of Chinese workers to build
2294-413: The automobile industry because of the global economic downturn that began in 2008. Commerce employs more than half of the population; besides small local businesses, chains are well represented; these are locally, regionally (Northwest Mexico), nationally, and U.S.-based. Tourism is mostly limited to the coastal communities of Bahia de Kino, Kino Nuevo and Punta Chueca , where there are cave paintings and
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2368-522: The automotive industry and its providers. Most of the municipality's population lives in the city proper, with most jobs located in the manufacturing and commerce sectors here. About 250,000 hectares are under cultivation in the city's outskirts, most of which is near the coast. Crops include wheat, grapes, flowers, chickpeas , alfalfa and walnuts . Livestock has been traditionally important here, especially beef cattle. Pigs, sheep, goats, horses, domestic fowl and bees are also raised here as well. Fishing
2442-789: The automotive industry. Hermosillo was ranked as one of the five best cities to live in, in Mexico, as published in the study "The Most Livable Cities of Mexico 2013" by the Strategic Communications Cabinet of the Mexican Federal Government. Hermosillo was also ranked in 2016 as the seventh most competitive city in the country according to the Mexican Institute for Competitiveness (IMCO), based on factors such as its economic diversification, geographical location, access to education, government, innovation and international relations. The major manufacturing sector has been
2516-599: The building; firefighters and the population had to make holes in the walls to rescue the children, ranging from six months to five years. The fire caused a stir both nationally and internationally. As a result of these events, on June 3, 2010, a decree was published in the Official Journal of the Federation declaring June 5 a Day of national mourning. The National Flag is flown at half-mast on June 5 of each year. Parents of victims and citizen organizations annually remind
2590-419: The city in blood and fire, causing the imperialists to flee; but they returned and regained it eight days later. In 1879 Hermosillo was once again the headquarters of state powers, thanks to the management of the acting governor Don Francisco Serna, at least on an interim date. However, when the new Political Constitution of the State of Sonora was issued on September 15, 1917, it was definitively confirmed that
2664-594: The city of Hermosillo is the headquarters of the state powers, as referred to in article 28 thereof. On November 4 in front of the wooden station of Sonora , dozens of people gathered at the opening of the Guaymas-Hermosillo railway section. On the train came Don Carlos Rodrigo Ortiz Retes, accompanied by the commander of the Military Zone, brigadier Colonel José Guillermo Carbó. Months later, both cargo and passenger service would be established between Guaymas and
2738-458: The clothes of their use and seeds of their plantings, to which they responded from one and the other, which they would do thank ingsands thank ing best for the good that they made peace of way." In 1718, on the orders of Governor Manuel de San Juan y Santa Cruz, the town of the Holy Trinity of Pitic was repopulated; on September 29, 1725, the Seri settled in the Pópulo rose in the son of war and invaded
2812-514: The colonists and repeatedly drove them out in the early 18th century. In 1716, the Spanish offered irrigated lands for farmers to the native peoples, who agreed to abide by Spanish law. Around 1726, a fort named the Presidio of Pitic was constructed to stop the domination of this area by the natives, especially the Seri . However, the situation remained contentious. The first church was not built until 1787, and
2886-598: The command of Gastón de Raousset-Boulbon faced and defeated the national forces, who were under the leadership of General Miguel Blanco de Estrada; this was part of a revolutionary campaign of independence that was intended however to turn Sonora and Lower California into colonial territories of France. However, Raousset remained only a few days in the city, choosing to go to Guaymas to continue his campaign where he would eventually be defeated by General José María Yáñez Carrillo in Battle of Guaymas in 1854. On May 4, 1866, under
2960-595: The company police avoided involvement in the disturbance. Responding to a telegraphed plea from Colonel William Cornell Greene of the Greene Consolidated Copper Company, a posse of 275 volunteers from Bisbee , Douglas and Naco , Arizona , commanded by Captain Thomas H. Rynning of the Arizona Rangers, entered Mexico against the orders of Joseph Henry Kibbey , Governor of Arizona Territory . At
3034-630: The company workforce had been reduced to 13% of the total. The personal ownership and management style of William Greene ceased when he was bought out by an ownership group which focussed on modernisation and efficiency. A corrido titled " Cananea jail " written in 1917 commemorates the incident. The Cananea municipal jail, built in 1903 and located in downtown Cananea, is currently a museum Workers' Struggle Museum and also houses exhibitions of photographs and instruments used in mining. The mine in Cananea currently continues to be worked for copper. After
Cananea strike - Misplaced Pages Continue
3108-580: The country. But by the 1920s, anti-Chinese sentiment had become strong in Sonora state, and many Chinese left for Mexico City or the United States. In the 1980s, Ford Motor Company built a plant. This strongly influenced the city and state economy. Hermosillo was the site of a tragic fire, at the ABC Child Care Center, on June 5, 2009. According to the Procuraduría General de Justicia en el Estado (State Attorney General Office) de Sonora,
3182-496: The country. However, in the 1920s, sentiment against the Chinese population in Sonora grew, resulting in many fleeing to Mexico City or the United States. In the 1980s, Ford built Hermosillo Stamping & Assembly in the city, which had a major impact on the city's economy and that of the state. A whole chain of suppliers was also developed around the assembly plant, which further contributed to economic growth in Hermosillo. Hermosillo
3256-425: The deployment of responsible and respectful men to operate the cages and that all Mexican workers to be entitled to promotions, in accordance with their skills. The company executives rejected all the petitions, and the workers decided to march and gather people from other towns in the municipality. The population supported the workers, and the crowd numbered more than 3,000 people. While they were marching in front of
3330-526: The entry of armed foreigners into national territory caused Mexican outrage against the Diaz administration. Diaz had sent orders to Governor Izabal not to accept any American involvement in restoring order in Cananea, but the telegram had arrived after the trainload of Arizona Rangers and civilian supporters had crossed the border. The incident became linked with the Río Blanco strike of January 1907 as two symbols of
3404-448: The fire resulted in 49 deaths at the center; nearly half of them were children. The fire is believed to have started at an adjacent automobile shop, before spreading to the child care center. Most of the children died of asphyxiation. There were about a hundred children inside the building. Firefighters had to smash holes in the walls to rescue the children, who ranged in age from six months to five years. The origin of Hermosillo dates to
3478-513: The first formal parish was not established until 1822. During the Mexican War of Independence , Sonora and the town of Pitic stayed loyal to the Spanish Crown . Local general Alejo García Conde defeated insurgent José María González Hermosillo, who had been sent by Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla . Following independence from Spain, in 1825 the village of Pitic was made the seat of the department of
3552-449: The fringes of settled areas. In August 2022, the once-common jaguar was finally witnessed in the Hermosillo area. Locals nicknamed the lone male “El Jefe”, meaning “boss”. The critically endangered Sonoran pronghorn antelope was once common in the area; less than 200 are thought to exist today, with an additional -200 (declining) surviving in the U.S. state of Arizona . Populations of feral red-masked parakeets and monk parakeets are
3626-698: The infrastructure of the city, especially its water supply. Decades of overpumping of ground water have led to the aquifer levels being lower than sea levels, and sea water creeping in as an "artificial recharge." Under the Köppen climate classification , Hermosillo features a borderline hot arid ( BWh )/ hot semi-arid ( BSh ) climate. Temperatures can range from as low as freezing in December and January to 48 °C (118.4 °F) in June and July. Rain falls mostly between July and September, with annual precipitation between 75 and 400 millimetres (3.0 and 15.7 in). Hermosillo's all-time weather record for high temperature
3700-565: The laborers who worked in his various enterprises. These concessions, and the history of the company itself, epitomized Díaz's betrayal and unfaithfulness to Mexico's resources. Díaz was extremely corrupt and only wanted to benefit himself, his close supporters, and his foreign resources. In 1906, Cananea was a company town with a population totaling 23,000. Of these, 21,000 were Mexican and the remainder American. Senior Cananea Consolidated Copper Company positions were held by non-Mexicans, who in 1906 were more commonly former frontier acquaintances of
3774-418: The local authority applied martial law to avoid further conflicts. On June 1, most of the Mexican miners went on strike. Led by Juan José Ríos, Manuel Macario Diéguez and Esteban Baca Calderón, their demands were the removal of one foreman named Luis, the pay of five pesos for eight hours' work, the employment quotas ensuring seventy-five percent of the jobs for Mexicans and twenty-five percent for foreigners,
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#17328555337963848-582: The mayor Pedro de Corbalán ordered the construction of a canal on the left bank of the Rio Sonora , to irrigate the lands and orchards. Pitic's Villa .A. Before the end of the eighteenth century the former Presidio of San Pedro de la Conquista del Pitic became Villa del Pitic. On February 9, 1825, the Villa del Pitic was established as the head of the party, dependent on the Department of Horcasitas. This coincided with
3922-577: The most transparent cities in the world. Investment grew in the early decade thanks to the ease of doing business. One of the most important events in Hermosillo was the ABC Nursery Fire on June 5, 2009. According to the Attorney General's Office of the State of Sonora, there were 49 deaths in the fire. The fire apparently began in a warehouse, then expanded to the daycare. Most of the children died of asphyxiation. There were about 100 children inside
3996-672: The municipal seat, the city of Hermosillo is the local government of over 3,800 other localities, with a combined territory of 14,880.2 square kilometres (5,745.3 sq mi). The two most important rivers are the Sonora and the San Miguel . Both of these are used for irrigation purposes with the Abelardo L. Rodriguez Dam located on the San Miguel River. The population increase of the municipality , currently at 2.5% annually, puts pressure on
4070-623: The municipality has limited liquid capital. The city has a professional baseball team called Naranjeros de Hermosillo (Orange Growers) that plays in the Estadio Sonora . Baseball has been popular in Hermosillo since the late 19th century. The club had its beginnings in the 1950s, when the Liga Invernal de Sonora (Sonora Winter League) was founded as a complement to the already existing Liga de la Costa del Pacífico (Pacific Coast League). The Naranjeros were officially organized in 1958. Since then,
4144-547: The nation by releasing pink and blue balloons on behalf of the nursery children who died. Changes were made in the General Law on Provision of Services for Child Care, Care and Integral Child Development, a legal framework that regulates the operation of nurseries at the national level, to ensure the tragedy would not be repeated. The changed standard was published in the [Official Journal of the Federation], on October 27, 2011. As
4218-488: The nickname " the revolutionary capital of the country'". In the late 19th century and the first two decades of the 20th century, Chinese immigrants arrived in Sonora. One of the settlements with a significant number was the city of Hermosillo. Some of these immigrants had money and used it to set up businesses, especially shoe and clothing manufacturing. Some of the most successful businesses with Chinese owners in Sonora were in Hermosillo and sold merchandise to other parts of
4292-547: The order of Rafael Izabal Governor of Sonora , forty Rurales (Mexican mounted police) were despatched from Hermosillo to reinforce a detachment under Colonel Emilio Kosterlitsky already present. Mexican Federal troops were also sent to Cananea. Four troops of the U.S. 5th Cavalry en route from Fort Huachuca were held at Naco, Arizona , on the border . A tense confrontation between striking miners and approximately 200 Americans ensued. Many participants were armed and shots were exchanged. At Colonel Kosterlitsky's orders,
4366-506: The original 1906 strike, the Cananea mine has remained the scene of frequent labor disputes, with the most recent incident being a miner's strike of 2007–2008. William Cornell Greene Colonel William Cornell Greene (August 26, 1852 – August 5, 1911) was an American businessman who was famous for discovering rich copper reserves in Cananea , Mexico , and for founding the Greene Consolidated Copper Company in 1899. By 1905, Greene
4440-587: The people of Opodepe. The Seri were persecuted for the purpose of punishing them until they signed the peace in January 1726, and they were settled in the Porplo and in the points called Alares and Moraga; subsequently given the uncertainty due to the bellicoseness of the indigenous, the Pitic presidio was formed. In June 1741, Don Agustin de Vildósola established the Presidio de San Pedro de la Conquista del Pitic. Nine years later,
4514-492: The population. Other than cars, products manufactured here include televisions, computers, food processing, textiles, wood products, printing, cellular phones, chemicals, petroleum products and plastics. Lanix electronics has a major research and design facility and its main manufacturing plant in Hermosillo. The city and its municipality have twelve industrial parks, which house over one hundred smaller manufacturing enterprises. There has been slowing of this sector especially
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#17328555337964588-528: The production of automobiles since the 1980s. It is one of the richest cities in Mexico by GDP per capita . Hermosillo has a subtropical hot desert climate ( BWh ). Temperatures have been as high as 49.5 °C (121.1 °F) in the summer months, making it one of the hottest cities in the country. Evidence from a site called the San Dieguito Complex , located in the El Pinacate Zone, suggests
4662-508: The same name. In 1828, the settlement changed its name to Hermosillo to honor the insurgent leader José María González de Hermosillo. A battle between imperial and republican forces occurred in 1866 during the French Intervention in Mexico . In 1879, the capital of the state of Sonora was moved from Arizpe to Hermosillo. In 1881 the railroad linking Hermosillo with Guaymas and Nogales was finished, allowing for economic expansion in
4736-487: The state of Sonora around 1614. Eusebio Francisco Kino arrived in 1687, founding a mission in nearby Cucurpe . The present-day states of Sonora and Sinaloa were loosely organized as the provinces of Sonora , Ostimuri, and Sinaloa . In 1700, three small Spanish villages were founded in what is now the outskirts of Hermosillo: Nuestra Señora del Pópulo , Nuestra Señora de Los Angeles , and la Santísima Trinidad del Pitic . The native peoples here soon became hostile to
4810-650: The team has won 16 championships in the Pacific Coast League and two championships in the Caribbean Series . Hermosillo hosted the 2013 Caribbean Series in February. In 2021, Hermosillo and Ciudad Obregón co-hosted the 3rd U-23 Baseball World Cup , organized by the World Baseball Softball Confederation . In 2022, Hermosillo hosted the 5th U-15 Baseball World Cup . Founded in 2009,
4884-418: The troops of the Pupium were transferred to El Pópulo, in the present municipality of San Miguel de Horcasitas . As a result of this action, Pitic was left in a very precarious situation, because numerous residents emigrated for fear of the Seri. While the Presidio's settlement was about to disappear, senior authorities ordered a group of soldiers to remain on site to ensure the safety of the settlers. In 1772,
4958-527: The trouble with the miners, many of Greene's backers in New York began to turn on him. They began to sell their shares which sent his stock price lower. Still, it was not until his own overspending in related businesses, combined with the aggressive business tactics of rival business men and competitors, forced Greene to succumb. In 1906, with dwindling finances and nowhere else to turn, he sold Greene Consolidated to Thomas F. Cole , John D. Ryan , and Amalgamated Copper . After selling Greene Consolidated, Greene
5032-421: The urbanization that the royal surveyors gave it, as it progressed steadily. In 1827, the city had approximately eight thousand inhabitants, and its urbanization was very particular, as the houses were scattered in all directions. The region was fertile, well-cultivated and provided an abundance of what was necessary for life and even many luxuries. Already then it was very cheap, high-quality beef that to this day
5106-413: The way up until 1998, when The Nature Conservancy and Arizona State Parks purchased it for use as a wildlife preserve. In 2008, the ranch headquarters was added to the National Register of Historic Places as the "San Rafael Ranch Historic District". The Lawson Panic of 1904 and mining strikes two years later were the beginning of the end for Greene Consolidated. The panic, started by Thomas Lawson ,
5180-415: The wealth found in the copper mines of Cananea, though. In 1903, Greene purchased the San Rafael Ranch near Lochiel, Arizona , and made it the headquarters for his cattle ranching empire. Greene was quite successful with his ranch and even attracted the attention of the Mexican raider Pancho Villa , who stole horses from him on more than one occasion. The San Rafael Ranch remained in the Greene family all
5254-476: Was dead and Greene was ultimately acquitted of murder by claiming self-defense, the shooting tore his marriage apart. His wife never recovered from the loss of her daughter and died in Los Angeles in 1899 from ovarian-surgery complications. Greene married Mary Benedict (1876-1955) a few years later. On September 15, 1899, William founded the Greene Consolidated Copper Company to develop copper rich resources he discovered near Cananea. Greene Consolidated became in
5328-490: Was forced out of daily operations of the mine. He disappeared from society for the most part and lived a quiet life in Cananea until his death on August 5, 1911, as a result of pneumonia, which was induced by an accident which overtook him several days before. At his funeral, and after the religious service in his home, the coffin was loaded onto his private train and was brought to Los Angeles, California. In 1918, Charlie Wiswall, Greene's general business manager and regarded as
5402-580: Was one of the wealthiest businessmen in the world. Greene was born in Duck Creek, Wisconsin , on August 26, 1852, to Eleanor Cornell and Townsend Greene. He was educated at private schools and at the Chappaqua Mountain Institute in Chappaqua, New York . Greene started off as a clerk for O. H. Angevin & Company where he worked for three years before heading out to the western United States as
5476-560: Was selected partly due to its proximity to the United States. In 2000, the businessman Pancho Búrquez was elected as municipal president for National Action Party, in that triennium, the municipality won national awards (such as that of the Secretariat of Comptroller ship and Administrative Development of the federal government, as well as of the International City/County Management Association as one of
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