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Carlsbad, California

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North County is a region in the northern area of San Diego County, California . It is the second-most populous region in the county (after San Diego ), with an estimated population of 869,322. North County is well known for its affluence , especially in Encinitas , Carlsbad , Del Mar , Rancho Santa Fe , Poway and Solana Beach , where house prices range, on average, above $ 1,000,000. Cities along the 78 freeway ( Oceanside , Vista , San Marcos and Escondido ) have more mixed incomes.

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63-469: Carlsbad is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California , United States. The city is 35 miles (56 km) north of downtown San Diego and 87 miles (140 km) south of downtown Los Angeles . As of the 2020 census , the population of the city was 114,746. Carlsbad is a popular tourist destination and home to many businesses in the golf industry. Carlsbad's history began with

126-575: A female householder with no husband present. There were 12,972 (32.5%) nonfamily households, of which 10,198 (25.5%) were made up of a householder living alone and 3,299 (8.3%) were a householder living alone who was 65 years or over. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.10. The population was spread out, with 25,366 people (24.1%) under the age of 18, 6,718 people (6.4%) aged 18 to 24, 28,073 people (26.7%) aged 25 to 44, 30,373 people (28.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 14,798 people (14.0%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

189-554: A highly influential region of Greater San Diego. The top 25 employers in San Diego County are closer to the North County city of Carlsbad than San Diego proper. North County is commonly divided into coastal and inland regions. The coastal region is almost entirely incorporated, consisting of the cities of Oceanside , Carlsbad , Encinitas , Solana Beach and Del Mar , along with Camp Pendleton South . The inland region includes

252-619: A large tourist influx from June to November. Symbolic of North County's surf culture are the various statues proliferating the region including the Cardiff Kook in Cardiff-by-the-Sea. As surf culture is an integral part of North County, so is equestrian culture. Numerous equestrian centers, including the Del Mar Fairgrounds, Rancho Camino Equestrian Center, and San Diego Country Estates International Equestrian Center, are found in

315-457: Is 59% white, 18% Hispanic and 6% Asian, with blacks and people of other races less than 5%. Inland North County has roughly the same racial makeup, except that 9% are Asian. 19% of coastal North County residents make more than $ 100,000 per year, and 44% make less than $ 45,000, with the rest in the medium income range. Inland North County income stats are largely the same, except that only 42% make less than $ 45,000. The populations listed are from

378-468: Is located east of El Camino Real and south of Palomar Airport Road and features several newer expensive master-planned communities set among hillsides, golf courses, Alga Norte Community Park and permanent open spaces. It includes Bressi Ranch and the La Costa neighborhoods of Rancho La Costa, La Costa Ridge, La Costa Oaks, La Costa Greens, La Costa Valley, and Rancho Carillo. In 1965, La Costa gave its name to

441-584: Is located within County Supervisorial District 5 and is represented on the county's Board of Supervisors by Jim Desmond , formerly the mayor of San Marcos. The remainder of North County is in Districts 2 and 3, represented by Joel Anderson and Terra Lawson-Remer, respectively. 33°2′48″N 117°17′9″W  /  33.04667°N 117.28583°W  / 33.04667; -117.28583 Encina Power Station Encina Power Station ( EPS )

504-504: Is often featured in military-themed shows such as NCIS: Los Angeles , and is the setting of the first season of Major Dad . The Del Mar Fair is also portrayed in shows such as Entourage . Veronica Mars is set in a fictional city north of San Diego; much of the show was filmed in Oceanside. Other crime-related shows, such as TNT 's Animal Kingdom and Netflix 's American Vandal , are filmed and set in Oceanside. For two seasons

567-774: Is served by FM stations KSSX , KMYI , KLQV , KARJ , KSSD , KKLJ , and KSDW and AM stations KFSD , KPRZ , and KKSM . Several Los Angeles stations can also be picked up, including KYSR , KIIS-FM , KBIG KLYY ,and KDLD North County is served by the ABC affiliate KGTV , CBS and CW affiliate KFMB , NBC affiliate KNSD , and FOX affiliate KSWB —all San Diego stations. Other local stations include KUSI in San Diego Important landmarks in North County include Del Mar Racetrack , Mission San Luis Rey de Francia , Lake San Marcos , Oceanside Pier , Twin Peaks, and Palomar Mountain , home of

630-635: The Coaster commuter rail (with stops at Carlsbad Village station and Carlsbad Poinsettia station ), Breeze bus service, the Carlsbad Connector microtransit service, and Lift paratransit service. North County (San Diego area) Beach culture is prominent in the area, and many of the region's beaches and lagoons are protected areas to help ensure the environment remains pristine, though there has been pressure from commercial entities to develop some of these areas. The name dates to at least

693-531: The 2020 census . School districts in the region include the: School districts often overlap city boundaries. Depending on the ZIP Codes of the cities and their proximity to respective schools and school districts, school districts will serve parts of different cities. North County is home to several colleges: In 1995, several local newspapers merged to form the North County Times . This newspaper served

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756-704: The 77th Assembly District , represented by Democrat Tasha Boerner . In the United States House of Representatives , Carlsbad is in California's 49th congressional district , represented by Democrat Mike Levin . Carlsbad was a powerfully Republican stronghold during the 20th century, a classic bastion of suburban conservatism in Southern California. However, the GOP's edge in Carlsbad started to narrow in

819-695: The Luiseño people (the Spanish name given to them because of their proximity to Mission San Luis Rey ), as well as some Kumeyaay in the La Costa area. Nearly every reliable fresh water creek had at least one native village, including one called Palamai. The site is located just south of today's Buena Vista Lagoon . The first European land exploration of Alta California , the Spanish Portolá expedition of 1769, met native villagers while camped on Buena Vista Creek. Another Luiseño villages within today's city of Carlsbad

882-748: The North County Mall in Escondido and the Shoppes at Carlsbad in Carlsbad. The Cedros Design District in Solana Beach offers more than 85 shops, boutiques and galleries that specialize in antiques, handmade jewelry, unique artifacts, fine art, and more. Famous beaches include Moonlight Beach in Encinitas and the Oceanside Pier . Locations in North County appear in popular television and films. Camp Pendleton

945-469: The Palomar Observatory . North County is represented at the federal level by Representatives Darrell Issa ( R – 48th district ), Mike Levin ( D – 49th district ), and Scott Peters (D– 50th district ). At the state level, North County is represented by State Senators Brian Jones (R–38th district), Patricia Bates (R–36th district), and Toni Atkins (D–39th district). Most of North County

1008-854: The Park Hyatt Aviara Resort . It is located west of El Camino Real and south of Palomar Airport Road. Carlsbad is part of the San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area . As of the 2010 United States Census Carlsbad had a population of 105,328. The population density was 2,693.1 inhabitants per square mile (1,039.8/km). The racial makeup of Carlsbad was 87,205 (82.8%) White , 1,379 (1.3%) African American , 514 (0.5%) Native American , 7,460 (7.1%) Asian , 198 (0.2%) Pacific Islander , 4,189 (4.0%) from other races , and 4,383 (4.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13,988 persons (13.3%). The Census reported that 104,413 people (99.1% of

1071-453: The San Dieguito wetlands have tripled due to restoration projects by Del Mar. The Torrey Pine is also one of the most famous trees in the region. North County contains forty golf courses, including Torrey Pines , which hosted the 2008 and 2021 U.S. Open . North County is also known for its beaches, which stretch about thirty miles from Del Mar to San Onofre . These beaches experience

1134-539: The general-law municipality they had been before), approving the proposed charter by 82% and officially becoming such that same year. Before the 2018 elections, city government was led by an elected mayor and four council members, elected at large; however, in July 2017, the city council voted to transition to district elections (except for the mayoral office, which remains an at-large position). Elections for Districts 1 and 3 were held in 2018, and in 2020, elections were held for

1197-442: The tidewater goby , topsmelt , striped mullet , surfperch and Pacific staghorn sculpin . Leopard sharks forage near the lagoons, and their pups frequent the shallow rocky reefs off the coast. Bird species included the great blue heron , snowy plover , Ridgway's rail and least tern . The lagoons support various species of shorebirds , wading birds , waterfowl , raptors and diving birds . The number of bird species in

1260-524: The 1970s, when many of the communities in the area were yet to become incorporated cities and local community decisions were made 40 miles (64 km) away at the county seat. The North County section of San Diego County has historically been the most expensive region of San Diego, with such affluent neighborhoods as Aviara , Cardiff-by-the-Sea , Carlsbad, Carmel Valley , Del Mar, Encinitas, La Costa, Leucadia, Olivenhain , Rancho Santa Fe, and Solana Beach. In modern times, North County continues to grow as

1323-803: The 1990s and 2000s, with the city shifting Democratic. In 2008, Barack Obama , then the Democratic nominee for President, carried the city with a plurality. In 2012, Mitt Romney , the GOP nominee, carried the city by a 9% margin. In 2016, the city flipped back to the Democratic Party , voting for Hillary Clinton by a 10.4% margin over Donald Trump . Joe Biden expanded that margin to 17.6% over Trump in 2020. Carlsbad's core industries include information technology, video game development, manufacturing, robotics, medical devices, life science, wireless technology, clean technology , action sports, tourism, design development and real estate. In 2013, Google named Carlsbad

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1386-627: The Del Mar Airport. The airport was annexed to the City of Carlsbad in 1978 and renamed McClellan-Palomar Airport in 1982 after a local civic leader, Gerald McClellan. The first modern skateboard park , Carlsbad Skatepark, was built in March 1976. It was located on the grounds of Carlsbad Raceway and was designed and built by inventors Jack Graham and John O'Malley. The skatepark was closed in 1979, leaving Del Mar Skate Ranch , approximately 20 minutes away, as

1449-725: The Gold Medal Golf Resort, La Costa Resort and Spa, now known as Omni La Costa Resort & Spa . Residents here are served by the Carlsbad Unified School District , San Marcos Unified School District and the Encinitas Union School District . This quadrant (ZIP code 92011) extends along the Pacific Ocean to the south of the center of Carlsbad. It includes the Aviara neighborhood, which is home to

1512-602: The Pacific. While most days have mild and pleasant temperatures, hot dry Santa Ana winds bring high temperatures on a few days each year, mostly in the fall. For city planning and growth management purposes, Carlsbad is divided into four distinct quadrants. The northwest quadrant of Carlsbad (ZIP code 92008) includes the downtown "Village", "The Barrio", and "Olde Carlsbad." It was the first part of Carlsbad to be settled. Homes range from 1950s cottages and bungalows, 1960s ranch style houses, to elegant mansions on hills overlooking

1575-547: The Showtime comedy Weeds was set in the fictional San Diego suburb of Ren Mar, which is implied to be in North County. The Big Bang Theory , which is set in Pasadena , features an episode (" The Zarnecki Incursion ") where the main characters make a three-hour drive to Carlsbad to confront a World of Warcraft hacker. A notable fictional character from North County is shock jock Dave Rickards' "Aunt Edna", frequently featured on

1638-494: The cities of Escondido , Vista , San Marcos , as well as numerous unincorporated areas. Semi-rural inland communities such as Valley Center and Ramona , which have traditionally been primarily agricultural but now function increasingly as bedroom communities for the more populous areas to their south and west, are generally included within inland North County. More remote inland communities like Julian and Borrego Springs are generally not included. Some consider communities in

1701-546: The city has a total area of 39.1 square miles (101 km) of which 37.7 square miles (98 km) are land and 1.4 square miles (3.6 km) are (3.55%) water, the majority of which is contained within three lagoons and one lake. The northern area of the city is part of a tri-city area consisting of northern Carlsbad, southern Oceanside and western Vista . The ocean-side cliffs fronting wide white-sand beaches and mild climate attract vacationers year-round. Types of households in Carlsbad city, California in 2015–2019. 56.6%

1764-440: The city. The population density was 2,090.2 inhabitants per square mile (807.0/km). There were 33,798 housing units at an average density of 902.8 units per square mile (348.6 units/km). The racial makeup of the city was 86.6% Caucasian , 1.0% African American , 0.4% Native American , 4.2% Asian , 0.2% Pacific Islander , 4.7% from other races , and 3.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.7% of

1827-494: The coast, while some inland communities continue to lean Republican, particularly more rural ones. In North County, white-collar jobs outnumber blue-collar jobs at a ratio of 3:1. More people have Bachelor of Arts degrees than associate's degrees at a ratio of 2:1. More people are married than single by 2:1. Statistics compiled by the San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency reveal that coastal North County

1890-510: The coastal populated areas of North County from neighboring Orange County , preventing the creation of a complete coastal megalopolis stretching from Santa Monica to Imperial Beach . The region has strong ties to its coastline and has made notable efforts to preserve many marine environments, including lagoons and tidal wetlands , many of those being the final few on the South Coast . Unlike developments in many Orange County coastal cities,

1953-565: The construction of a new 588-megawatt plant on a plot of land adjacent to the current site. This has been met with considerable political opposition by local homeowners and environmentalists. The City of Carlsbad issued an injunction against the construction of a new plant, but as of the summer of 2010 plans for the new plant were still moving forward. The closing of the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS) about 30 miles north led to city officials approving

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2016-476: The digital capital of California with the strongest online business community. Carlsbad is also known as the "Titanium Valley" because of its golf manufacturing industry. Callaway Golf Company , TaylorMade , Cobra Golf , and Titleist are all located in Carlsbad. According to 2021 figures, the top employers in the city are: Carlsbad's sister cities are: The North County Transit District (NCTD) provides public transportation services in Carlsbad, including

2079-421: The far east region. Rivers and creeks that flow west from the mountains farther inland mostly end up draining into the region's four main lagoons. Throughout their course, these rivers are interrupted by many lakes and reservoirs which support an array of native species. Spanning 125,000 acres (510 km ) in the northwestern corner of the county, Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton forms a large buffer separating

2142-578: The federal government's lawsuit against California sanctuary state law SB 54 . The city has drafted ordinances protecting sensitive wildlife habitat, becoming one of the first municipalities in California to do so. The city has also pledged to protect about 40 percent of the city as permanent open space. In the California State Legislature , Carlsbad is in the 38th Senate District , represented by Democrat Catherine Blakespear , and in

2205-619: The lagoon is attached to the ocean and other waterways through rising tide levels and various small creeks. The lagoon served as EPS' source for its once-through cooling and is also owned by NRG Energy. In 2015, Connecticut-based Poseidon Resources Corp. constructed the US$ 300 million Carlsbad desalination plant at the site, adjacent to the power plant. The facility was designed to produce 50,000,000 US gallons (190,000 m ) of drinking water per day, enough to supply about 100,000 homes. NRG had announced plans to expand Encina Power Station with

2268-521: The lagoons and large areas of coast have not yet been so heavily developed. Major lagoons and inlets lining the coast from north to south include: Oceanside Harbor, Buena Vista Lagoon , Agua Hedionda Lagoon , Batiquitos Lagoon , San Elijo Lagoon , and Los Peñasquitos Lagoon . The lagoons provide valuable wetland habitat for many birds, reptiles, fish, and plant species. The waters off the coast are also very rich in species diversity, supporting large kelp forests and rocky reefs . Fish species included

2331-417: The land meeting the ocean sharply drops into the sea with a short beach. In some cases, such as in Encinitas, a whole city is bisected by a coastal foothill ridge. The foothills of mountains soon become visible as one travels further east and encounters the rocky peaks of inland North County. Such peaks include Black Mountain , San Marcos Mountain, Palomar Mountain . The coastal area also becomes more rugged to

2394-509: The landscape. By the end of 1887, land prices fell throughout San Diego County . However, the community survived on the back of its fertile agricultural lands. The site of John Frazier's original well can still be found at Alt Karlsbad, a replica of a German Hanseatic house, located on Carlsbad Boulevard. In 1952, Carlsbad was incorporated to avoid annexation by its neighbor, Oceanside . The single-runway Palomar Airport opened in 1959 after County of San Diego officials decided to replace

2457-407: The mean family size was 2.96. 23.3% of residents were under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 31.9% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.8 males. Among those 18 and older, there were 92.8 males for every 100 females. In 2008, Carlsbad voters passed a measure to become a charter city (as opposed to

2520-487: The nearest skatepark for residents such as Tony Hawk . The site of the original Carlsbad Skatepark and Carlsbad Raceway was demolished in 2005 and is now an industrial park. However, two skateparks have since been developed. In March 1999, Legoland California was opened. It was the first Legoland theme park outside of Europe and is currently operated by Merlin Entertainments . Merlin Entertainments owns 70 percent of

2583-556: The new state-of-the-art power plant in January 2014. As of May 2014, a gas-fired facility will sit adjacent to Encina Power Station and eventually replace the 400-ft smokestack. In May 2015, plans to modify the plant to a natural gas facility were approved by the Public Utilities Commission; construction is planned to begin in 2016. On December 11, 2018, the plant ceased power generating operations and has been demolished . It

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2646-581: The newer developments around Calavera Hills. The Northeast quadrant also contains the Lake Calavera Nature Preserve, a 110-acre space containing a 513-foot extinct volcano known as Mount Calavera . The preserve — notable for its small lake, wide dam, and mountain — was officially set aside in the 1990s as the surrounding land was being developed. The preserve is bordered on three sides by suburban single-family homes, and on one side by small farms and rural compounds. In 2012, Sage Creek High School

2709-585: The north, where the Santa Margarita Mountains dominate the area within the Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton . North San Diego County is known as one of the most geographically diverse places on earth , with bluffs, sandy beaches, canyons and rolling hills on the coast, humid inland valleys, rocky foothills, temperate mountains, rolling grassland and large lakes and rivers in the interior, and arid deserts, lush oases and sand dunes in

2772-440: The northern parts of the city of San Diego like Rancho Bernardo , Rancho Peñasquitos , and Carmel Valley to be part of North County as well. Both coastal and inland North County contain two types of topography. In coastal areas of North County, the land is generally flat with low rolling hills. The beaches are sandy with occasional tidepools and rocky reefs. In some cases, the coast is dominated by bluff type geography, where

2835-465: The ocean. It is also home to Hosp Grove Park, a grove of eucalyptus trees relatively untouched by development and now designated by the city for recreational use, in addition to the Buena Vista and Agua Hedionda Lagoons. It is located west of El Camino Real and north of Palomar Airport Road . "The Barrio" area is near downtown Carlsbad bordered by Carlsbad Village Drive to the north, Tamarack Avenue to

2898-635: The popular Dave, Shelly, and Chainsaw radio program, which airs in the San Diego area. North County is wealthier and more conservative than the city of San Diego and has traditionally leaned toward the Republican Party . In recent decades, however, like many highly-educated metropolitan regions throughout the United States, the region has shifted toward the Democratic Party and political liberalism more generally. This shift has been most pronounced along

2961-419: The population reported income below the poverty line , including 10.1% of those under age 18 and 3.5% of those age 65 or over. Of the population 25 years and over, 95.7% graduated from high school and 51.3% held a bachelor's degree or higher. 65.2% of the population 16 years and over was in the labor force. As of the census of 2000, there were 78,247 people, 31,521 households, and 20,898 families residing in

3024-404: The population) lived in households, 459 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 456 (0.4%) were institutionalized. Out of 39,964 households in 2011, there were 26,992 (67.5%) families, of which 12,345 (30.9%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 21,705 (54.3%) were married-couple families , 1,489 (3.7%) had a male householder with no wife present, and 3,798 (9.5%) had

3087-439: The population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 34,558 people (32.8%) lived in rental housing units. In 2011, the median household income was US$ 85,743 and the median family income was US$ 102,254, with 11.9% of households and 14.9% of families earning US$ 200,000 or more. Males had a median income of US$ 80,590 versus US$ 54,159 for females. The per capita income for the city was US$ 42,712. About 6.8% of families and 8.4% of

3150-401: The population. There were 31,521 households, out of which 30.7% contained children under the age of 18, 54.3% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.7% were non-families. 24.8% of all households were made up of single individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The mean household size was 2.46 and

3213-428: The region from Del Mar to San Diego Country Estates . North County is home to Southern California's only five-star , five-diamond and Michelin starred restaurants: Addison at The Grand Del Mar (three Michelin stars), and El Bizcocho at Rancho Bernardo Inn. The Del Mar Fairgrounds is home to one of the most famous racetracks in the world and is the site of the annual San Diego County Fair . Shopping malls include

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3276-505: The region until 2012, when it was purchased by Doug Manchester and became an edition of the San Diego Union-Tribune . On March 7, 2013, the separate U-T North County Times name was dropped and a U-T North County edition produced which further integrates U-T with North County-specific pages, while eliminating differences between the two. In addition to being served by radio stations from San Diego and Tijuana , North County

3339-466: The remaining Districts 2 and 4. As was the case before changing to district elections for the city council, city council members and the mayor are elected to 4-year terms. See the official district map here Archived November 5, 2017, at the Wayback Machine (not to scale). Carlsbad's current mayor is Keith Blackburn, who was elected in 2022. In May 2018, the Carlsbad city council voted 4–1 to back

3402-636: The shares, and the remaining 30 percent is owned by the LEGO group and Kirkbi A/S . Carlsbad is home to the nation's largest desalination plant. Construction of the Carlsbad Desalination Plant at Encina Power Station was completed in December 2015. Encina Power Station was demolished, despite efforts to preserve it as a historical landmark. According to the United States Census Bureau ,

3465-549: The south, Interstate 5 to the east and the railroad tracks to the west. It was settled by Latinos in the early 20th century. It is the site of the Centro de Aprendizaje, a Spanish division of the Carlsbad City Library . This quadrant (ZIP code 92010) is located east of El Camino Real and north of Palomar Airport Road and consists mostly of single-family homes, with larger lots found in the older area known as Chestnut Hills and

3528-528: The train station and soon the whistle-stop became known as Frazier's Station. A test done on a second fresh-water well discovered the water to be chemically similar to that found in some of the most renowned spas in the world, and the town was named after the famed spa in the Bohemian town of Karlsbad (now Karlovy Vary , Czech Republic ). To take advantage of the find, the Carlsbad Land and Mineral Water Company

3591-420: Was 40.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.5 males. There were 44,673 housing units at an average density of 1,142.2 units per square mile (441.0 units/km), of which 26,808 (64.8%) were owner-occupied, and 14,537 (35.2%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.6%. 69,855 people (66.3% of

3654-453: Was Married-couple households, 5.1% was cohabiting couple households, 13.6% male householder no spouse, 24.7% female householder no spouse. Carlsbad has a semi-arid Mediterranean climate (Koppen classification BSh ) and averages 263 sunny days per year. Winters are mild with periodic rain. Frost is rare along the coast, but sometimes occurs in inland valleys in December and January. Summer is almost rain free, but overcast and cool with fog off

3717-516: Was a large natural gas and oil -fueled electricity generating plant in Carlsbad in San Diego County, California . Constructed in 1954, it was one of the major suppliers of electricity for the region. On December 11, 2018, the plant was put into "retired" status and officially stopped operations. Under an agreement approved by NRG Energy , SDG&E and the City of Carlsbad in January 2014, NRG

3780-642: Was a village at the mouth of the San Marcos Creek that the Kumeyaay called 'Ajopunquile'. A Kumeyaay village that was visited by Portolá was Hakutl, in the Rancho Ponderosa area. During the Mexican period, in 1842, the southern portion of Carlsbad was granted as Rancho Agua Hedionda to Juan María Marrón . In the 1880s a former sailor named John A. Frazier dug a well in the area. He began offering his water at

3843-455: Was developed in the southwest corner of the preserve amid some controversy. Nature experts challenged the decision to construct the school on the preserve, but Carlsbad High School was reaching its capacity and there were few undeveloped areas that had sufficient space for an additional high school. Despite missing one of its original corners, the preserve still offers miles of hiking trails with ocean views. The southeast quadrant (ZIP code 92009)

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3906-467: Was formed by a German-born merchant from the Midwest named Gerhard Schutte together with Samuel Church Smith, D. D. Wadsworth and Henry Nelson. The naming of the town followed soon after, along with a major marketing campaign to attract visitors. The area experienced a period of growth, with homes and businesses sprouting up in the 1880s. Agricultural development of citrus fruits, avocados and olives soon changed

3969-427: Was to tear down the old plant within three years of its retirement. The plant was owned by NRG Energy. EPS sits on the southern shore of the outer segment of Agua Hedionda Lagoon ; once a stinking pool at low tide due to development of Highway 101, it was opened to a continuous tidal flow to create a cooling system that was constructed along with the plant. Home to blue herons, ibises, and a multitude of aquatic life,

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